The Lucknow Sentinel, 2016-01-06, Page 9Moonshine-Earthshine over Bluewater region
John Hlynialuk
Bluewater Astronomical Society
The only natural satellite of
the Earth, our Moon, is both a
blessing and a curse as far as
stargazing is concemed.
If there is more than a half -lit
Moon in the sky, its light washes
out faint objects like galaxies
and nebula.
But, on the other hand, sci-
entists have determined that
without the stabilizing gravity of
our Moon, life on our planet
might have been quite different
or might not have evolved at all.
Taking the good with the bad,
amateur astronomers plan
their observing activities
around the phases of the moon
unless they are specifically
viewing the moon's manyinter-
esting features or looking at
only bright objects in the sky
like planets and bright stars.
While a full or quarter moon
washes out serious deep -sky
viewing, the crescent before
and after new moon is always a
fascinating sight. Add a bright
planet like Venus and it
becomes a view that even those
stargazers who curse moonlight
still enjoy. In any case, a thin
crescent moon does not seri-
ously degrade the viewing since
crescents do not contribute as
much background light as do
the other phases.
My most remarkable inci-
dent while moon -watching
occurred with an audience of
Gr 5 and 6 students at the Fox
Observatory several months
ago. They happened to be visit-
ing when the Moon was at first
quarter phase and I had avideo
camera attached to the tele-
scope projecting the Moon
onto the big screen in the
observatory. As I was pointing
outvarious craters and maria of
the Moon on the screen image,
a jet aircraft passed right
through the field of view! You
could see a perfect silhouette
and even the trail of turbulence
from the motors as it passed!
The kids cheered, and not skip-
ping a beat, I bowed to the class
and waved at the aircraft, taking
credit for arranging the event
On the momings of Jan 6 and
7, 2016, a pretty collection of
objects can be seen in the east
The view includes both a last
crescent Moon and not one,
but two planets, Venus and Sat -
um. Look for the Moon above
the pair of planets Jan 6 and
below the pair Jan 7. But note
also that Venus and Saturn are
changing positions too. If you
have a chance to see Venus and
Satum over the next few mom-
ings, (those peskywinter clouds
might interfere) you can watch
as the brighter planet of the two,
Venus, "swoops" down on Sat-
urn and slips past on Jan 8
(Venus above Saturn) and Jan 9
(Venus below Saturn). On Jan 9,
when they are closest, you will
have to look carefully with the
naked eye to see the two as sep-
arate objects. Try a pair of bin-
oculars if you have trouble. On
both of those mornings, the
Moon - planet group is well
above the horizon by 6:30 am
and you should have no trouble
seeing "earthshine" on the
Moon's unlit face.
Earthshine, also generally
know as planetshine, is the faint
light that fills in the unlit part of
the Moon during a crescent
phase. Itis sunlight that comes
to the Earth, reflects from
oceans and clouds to the Moon
and then comes back from the
Moon to the eye of the observer.
To an astronaut on the Moon
standing in Earthshine, the
Moon's surface would be faintly
illuminated and the Earth
would be a bright blue and
white ball in the sky. On the
Apollo missions the effect was
never observed because land-
ings were always on the sunlit
surface during the Moon's
morning hours. Only the bright
full Earth was visible in the sky
but if an astronaut stood in the
shadow of the Lunar Module, a
fewbright stars could be seen.
Earthshine is easiest to see
during crescent phases of the
Moon because the illuminated
portion of the moon is not yet
bright enough to obliterate the
faint glow. During quarter and
gibbous phases (Moon more
than 50% lit) earthshine is not
visible to the naked eye, but in a
telescope or binoculars, it can
still be detected if the viewer
moves the bright portion of the
Moon out of the field of view.
Through a telescope you may
also see a star or two disappear-
ing behind the dark edge of the
moon, a phenomena called an
occultation. Times of
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occultations of bright stars are
provided in astronomy hand-
books like the RASC Observer's
Handbook and on the BAS
astronomy website mentioned
below. Some of these events
can easily be seen with binocu-
lars. In fact, the next one, an
occultation of the bright star
Aldebaran, is due Jan 19 and
will be featured in next week's
column. You can get a preview
by going to the SKY SIGHTS
page of the website.
So, if you are outwalking the
dog or getting some exercise
Troy Pattersonnuncararne News
(snowshoeing by moonlight?),
checkthe sky for the Moon and
any nearby bright stars or plan-
ets. It is always a friendly
reminder of our connection to
the worlds beyond our Earth.
Although BAS does not
usually schedule observing
sessions during the nights
near full Moon, sometimes
interesting lunar events like
eclipses and occultations of
bright stars occur, so check
www.bluewaterastronomy.
com for our list of astron-
omy events for 2016.
Beef labelling battle with United States nearing its end
Rob Gowan
Owen Sound Sun Times
A long-running battle
over the labelling of Cana-
dian meat south of the bor-
der may be close to resolu-
tion, but local producers
aren't planning to celebrate
just yet.
The U.S. Congress has
drafted legislation in
response to demands from
Canada, Mexico and the
World Trade Orgainization
that country of origin label-
ling be repealed.
A bill, which can be voted
on as early as Friday in the
Senate and House of Repre-
sentatives, would repeal
the mandatory labelling of
beef and pork in U.S. stores.
Rob Lipsett, a beef
farmer from near Annan
and member of the Beef
Farmers of Ontario board
of directors, said Thursday
while it finally appears
there is progress on resolv-
ing the matter, "I don't
think anybody wants to be
too optimistic yet."
The measure was
"shoved" into an omnibus
bill, "but the fact it actually
made it in there is pro-
gress," he said. "This is defi-
nitely the closest we have
been."
Country of origin label-
ling (COOL) was made
mandatory by the U.S. gov-
ernment on a wide range of
foodstuffs in 2008. The
Canadian and Mexican
governments took the mat-
ter to the World Trade
Organization, saying it was
in contravention of trade
rules. On four occasions
the WTO has ruled against
the U.S.
Canada and Mexico were
poised to impose $1 billion
in tariffs on a wide range of
American products, includ-
ing wine and frozen orange
juice, following the lastest
WTO ruling this year.
Lipsett said the prospect of
tariffs seems to have finally
caught the attention of law-
makers in the U.S.
"The last WTO ruling
where they set the level of
tarrifs we put on, I think
that is when some of the
people who were opposed
to repealing it finally
started to pay attention that
in time this could cost them
a lot of money too."
The Canadian Cattle-
men's Association has esti-
mated the loss to Canadian
cattle and hog sectors as a
result of COOL to be $1.1
billion a year. Lipsett said it
is something producers
have been concerned about
for a long time.
"I know when we go to
the meetings and are out in
the community, everybody
always asks the question of
where we are at and where
we think it is going to go,"
he said. "It garners a lot of
attention and people are
concerned."
Lipsett believes should
labelling rules be removed,
producers could immedi-
ately see a bump in prices.
"The producers in the
States have had a hard time
because of all the segrega-
tion laws that they had to
use within their own feed-
lots and their killing plants,
where you had to keep the
Canadian cattle away from
the American cattle ... the
slaughter plants had to shut
down and designate a day
just for Canadian and Mex-
ican beef to be processed,"
he said.
"I think a lot of them just
started to give up on buying
Canadian cattle, so I think
this will open the market
right backup."
Pressure to get rid of
COOL has also been com-
ing from south of the
border, where a group of
250 high-profile retailers
and processors have lob-
bied Congress to bring the
rules in line with the WTO
rules.
"It sounds like the vast
majority wanted it
repealed," said Lipsett. "The
groups like the R -CALF
group and the groups that
spun off from it made a lot
of noise and that is maybe
what led to the COOL legis-
lation in the first place."
Bruce -Grey -Owen Sound
MP Larry Miller said he is
pleased to see the U.S. is
finally moving towards
removing the labelling
requirement on beef and
pork, something he said his
party has long fought for.
"Our government made it
very clear we wanted COOL
repealed and we had won
at every level," said Miller.
"I am happy to see this
(Liberal) government, so
far at least, say they are
opposed to COOL as well."
The COOL measure are
part of a massive 2,000 -
page omnibus spending bill
that will require votes in
the Senate and Congress to
pass. After that it must be
signed by the U.S. president
to be enacted.
Miller said the pressure
must be kept on the U.S.
until all the steps are com-
pleted and the legislation is
repealed.
"We can't let our guard
down ... until this is done,"
he said.
"We can't let the pressure
off, we have to keep it on
them and make sure they
know Canada is dead seri-
ous about putting these
sanctions on, which would
hurt the U.S. big time."
2015 Annual Meeting
January 14, 2016
Lucknow Community Center
Banquet 7:00 pm.
Business Meeting 8:00 p.m.
$10 per person
AHEAD OF THE CURVE
DISTRICT
C 0- OP E RTIVE
INC.