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The Wingham Advance, 1919-05-01, Page 7Vivor•Fonae FEAR ITALIAN! DEMONSTRATIONS MAY OVERAWE PREMIER ORLANDO! Who Was Vxpected• to Adopt Oourse Leading to Adjustment. Ttarl eseable.--The Peace Confer - ?nee is watching with intense interest the result of to -day's clevelopments in Rome, lettere Premier Orlando arrives this uterning, and where the events a the day ere expected to discloee whether the hopes of reconction can ie realize& Reports received Imre from the Amerteen leanhiessY in IteMe are aohme what -mullions as to the general state ot public feeling there, as crows bave been ' parading the steeets there, crying "Down with the Americans," and "Downwith the English," and "Vive Sonnino," the Fordo Minister who outdid Premier Orlando M prees- ing the extreme demands made by Italy under the secret treaty a Lon - doe. Premier LieYd. George was partien- tarty -hopeful that this result mead 11.....o.lagotaser,roor ow.eis.4 be brought about. The reports of the popular agit- ation at Rome and Many other Italian centres, however, have lee to fears teat the Italian Prenlier's conciliatory attitude may be swept away in an oat - burst of feeling, by tile pointlacta welch will insist upon demands far beyend those the Council of tile Pow- ers or President Wilson will feel them- selves able to aceept. It has just developed that the British, American and French admir- als in command in Adriatic waters Lad formulated a plan for giving Italy certain of the Dalmatian Islands which would have assured Italy of centrol a the Adriatic such as she desires, This joint plan was presented to the Italian, representatives, and was rejected as not sufficient. Meanwhile the plans or receiving the German delegates to the Peace Congress are proceeding, it being thought probable that the meeting with the Germans will take place next Wednesday, April 30, by which time the complete draft of the treaty of Peace is expected to be ready. Of oke,M1.01•••••••••"..."....••••••6100.1.0101•012110.1.46•110. INN NO ASSASSINATED LISNER LYNCHED BY SPARATCAN MOB Other Ministers of Late Government Haire Pled From, Munich. Berlin Dable,—Count Arc3valley, Who aeeassinated Kurt Eisner, the Bavarian Premier, at Munich, on Feb. 21, and has aince been in a hoepital there, after an attempted lynching by a mob, wae recently dragged from the heopital by a Spartaean crowa and killed, according to a political agent who has reached Bamberg from Mull - Mb. On witnessing this deveMpment Herr Auer, the former Minister of the Interior, vvhp, was wounded during the outbreak in ehe 'Bavarian Diet in February, and has also. been in the hoepltae, left that inetitution in fear of hie Tire. Former War Minister Ross- hatipter has fled from Munich, and arrived at Bamberg. Many wealthy residente of Munich, according to the eame eource, have been arrested by the Munich extrem, ists, tome of them, however, after, wards obtaining their release! by money payments. Reports from. Duisburg state that thirteen Communists were arreated there, ,after a meeting at which fresh meartaree of violence were decided upon. A tew revolt in Duisburg ie de- clared to be imminent, and thetown has been placed in a state of siege by the authorities. BASES Mil ON JUST 7". 0 E , NOT TREAT f'temier-- Orlanrio's„ 'Ltatemont in .Reply to ,; • - - clarati61- hy WiIsn Says Frncpe of Self Determination Should Apifiy thete, Too (Paris Cable. -The Adriatic quest tion was taken up when Premier Or- lando again attended the meetIng of' tlae Council ef Four this afternoon. The other members of the council, Prettier Lloyd George and Clemenceau• and; President Wilson also were pres- ent. Atter Premier Orlando's return from the conference it was announced that the Pretnier and Signor Barsilai would leave for Rome to -night. According to to the Italian Premier only questions. of principle, and not territor- ial questions, were discussed at the conference this afternoon. This is explained as meaning that the discussions centred on the ques- tion of prestige, involved in the publi- eation of President .Wilson's statement and that no effort was made ta reach a settlement on a territorial basis. Tbe conference lasted two hours. Theron Sonnino, the Foreign Minister, •and the other Italian delegates and representatives will remain in /Paris temporarily. At Italian hes:Maarten the an- nouncemept was made that :the Par- liament of Italy would meet Mimed - lately upon Premier Orlando's re- turn, probably in a day or two. Pre- liminary instructions have already been telegraphed to Rome. It was stated in high American quarters to -day' that President Wilson several slays ago informed Premier Orlando of the contents of the state- ment which the President issued Yes- terday. Premier Orlando then con- sulted with Colonel House and dis- cussed with him the question of the is - Seance of a counter -statement by the atallart Premier. This explanattor, was made to show that the Italian delegates were not quite as Sur - pried over the issuanceetit the Presi- dent's statentent as they Propased to bet The statement issued by Premier Orlando to -day said nothing of the intention of the Italians to quit the 'ace Conference. It merely stated Italy's case coneerning Fiume and the Dalrnatian coast, and does not appear In the form a an ultanattim. TEXT OF THE STATMENT. , Following is the teat of Premier Or - lenders statement: 'Yesterday,, while the Italian dele- gation was discussing eounter-proposi- Bons which had been veceived from the British Prime Minister and whlch had for their altli tile eenciliatiOn of eontradictory tendenties whieh were manifested concerning Italy territorial •aspirations, the Paris neWspapere pub- lished a inessage from the President of the United States, in which he ex- pressed his own thought on one of the gravest problems syhieh has been sub- mitted to the ladgment of the Con- ference. "The praetiee of addrezeing na- tlots (tiredly constitutes surely an novation In intereationel relations. do not wish to templet/a but I wisb. to record it as as precedent, eo that at my oWn time I may follow it, in as much as this new custom doubtless constitutes the granting of nations of 'larger participations 1n international question, and, personally, I have al- ways been of the open% that such par- ticipation was the harbinger of e new order of things. "hieverthelees, if these appeals, to be ronsidered addreered to nations outside •of the Governments which represent them (I might say even against the Government) I should feel deep regret in recalling that this procees, heretofore applied to enemy Governments, is to -day ap- plied for the first time to a Govern- ment which has been, and intends to remain, a loyal ally to the great American Republic, namely, the Italian Government." Premier Orlando says that he might complain that such a message addressed to the Italian nation had, been published at tho very moment wive the allied. and associated pow- ers were negotiating with the Italian Government, the help of which had been•lought and appreciated in nu- merous serious questions heretofore discuseed in intimate and complete solidarity. WRONGLY ADDRESSED. "Above ail," he continued, "I should have the right to complete, If the declarations of the Presiden- tial message have the purpose to op- pose the Italian people to the Italian Government, because it would mis- construe and deny the high degree of civilization which the Italian people has attained, and its demo- cratic and liberal regime, To op- pose the Italian people and Gov- ernment would be to admit that this great tree nation would submit to the yoke of a will other thin its own, and I should be forced to pro- test strongly against suppositions untu.e.ly offensive to my county," Referring to President Wilson's statement, Premier Orlando says it entirely purports to demonstrate that the Itallen claims beyond certain limits laid down in his message vio- late the prineipIes upon which must be founded the new regime of right, justice and liberty among peoples, and adds that he never denied these principles, and that me President Wilson would do him the justice to eay that in the long eknvettsations they had had together; he (Orlando) had never relied upon the formal authority of a treaty by which he kuew aeresideet Watson was not bound. but merely rolled on reason and juetico, upon which Italy's claims were based. Signor Orlando deplores that he eould not convince President WilsOn; although the President admitted that justice and truth are the monopoly of no inan and that all men err. The Conference"110 points out, has had to change Rs mind many times, and, he does not think himself disrespect- ful by asking it to ehange it again, "/ consider as unjustified the aP- Plication that, in his statement, President Wilson makes ot his men- cipler, toward the Italian claims," lereinier Orlando continues. "It Is impossible for no in a document of this nature to repeat the detailed aeguments which have been produc- ed in Italy% behalf. 1 might simple say that no one will receive without reserve the affirmation that the col- lapse of the Austro-Hungarian Em- pire should imply the reduction tif ftalian aspiratione." tbe President's argument that the coutessions granted bring Italy to its natural defence, the Alps, Signor OrInndo toe: "This reeognlion ie of r,•etit lin- potter:ice provided the tattern flank of thin wall does not remain open arid thitt the right of Italy should ite interpreted to include the line 4 Moat Nevoeo. wheel eeearates the waterteeming toward the Black Sia and the Plediterranean." Ile re- tails that the Latins from the earl - lest (lawn of Italian Idetosy designat- ed ihie mountain the "Italy limit." 1LANG1.ItUt7.3 "Iv getout tihs penection," 0:1Ys the Prem.er, "a aangerotts breaelt re tett in this admirable barlier of the Alpe, ruptorag; inc tnetwatiOnable pOilti. cal, economic and historle malty of the Istrien pen.neula. I coutend, furthermore, timt lie who is entitled to the tumor of proclaiming to the world the right of the free determina- tion of peoples should recognize this right for Fiume, au ancient Italian eity, which proelaimed ite ItaUan nature before the Italian ships ar- rived- an admirable example of national • conscience perpetuated throughout centuries. "To deny this right only because of the small umnber concerned would mean the admission that the criterion of justice toward peoples varies ac- e< rdIng to their territorial extent," Premier Orlando teen Points out thet Antwerp, Genoa and Rotterdam are international portserving as an oetlet to divers peoples and territoricie wehout having to pay for the prase- ge, by sacrifictng national conscience, end continues: "lt is impossible to qualify as ex- cessive the Italian aspirations toward the Dalmatian coast, ltaly's boule- eard throughout centuries, which leRoman genius aid Venetian activity made • noble and grand, and whose Ronan diameter, elefyIng for cen- tunes implacable persecutions, etill shares the same thrill of petrtotism with the Italian People." Tee omelet° proclaimed with refer- ence to Poland, that denationalisation based on violence cloth not create rights, the Premier eoutends, should be appiled to Dalmatia. Passieg to the argrment of "cold statistical statements," the Preinier affirms that among the national reconstructions oceellYing ibe Peace Conference none of tlie i e constructed nations will count witeen their frontiers a 'rela- tively slighter number of persons of alien race tban would be attributed to Italy, and asks why only Italians sbould be suspected of imperialistte eupidity. The history of the negetia- tions, he di dares, will show that the Italian delegation acted not only with -firmness, but with a grand spirit of canaille Ron. A'ONIJRAe ON FOR AMEetiCA. He cone udes his statnnent as follows: 'Tee Pre' eential message ends with a warm Occiaration of• Ainerlea's fAcndship for Italy. I reply in the name et the Italian people, ed prouder elsati the right aril honor to do title as (Le who hi the moat tragic • hour of this war proclaimed the cry of resistance at all costs. This cry' ties neard arid nettled to with caul- Ige and abnegation, of welch there tire feu more etrIteing examples 111 theworld's ,bittory, "Italy, thanks to the 'me it heroic wifices and purest blood of her -et:Mire-a, was able to ascend fl' 11 th).\ ' abyss ot rt 'fortunes to the tadian crest of meet glorimas v13,tny. In the nametterefore, of Italy, 1 xr reps With all my power the send nont rf admiration and profound- Ayinvithy Wine 1 the Henan people professes teware the American people." 4,* 0 , AID CU'T OFF. No Supplies From Allies for Bavaria, Paris, April 27. --The Council of Three, comprising Premiers Lloyd George and Clemeneeau and Pres. Wilsoh to -day de- cided to present the situation created by the threatened hostilities between the Poles and Lithuanians to Ignace Jan Paderewski, the Polish Premier, and the .Lithuanian representative in Paris, and .4,o the Allied Commission at Warsaw. I']he ceuncil also decided that ultimate decision as to fhe disposition of disputed territory would not be affected by mili- tary occupation. No supplies will be sent to Bavaria, none being available, and the situation having changed since the presentation of the original proposal. GOMPERS BADLY HURT When Taxi Was Struck by New Y.ork Street Car.. New 'York, April 27„ -Samuel Gornpers, President of the American Affiliation of Labor, was seriously injured here this afternoon When a taxicab In which he was riding was struck by a Broadway surface car and hurled twenty feet • to the curb. Surgeons who were summoned reported after an examination that two of lir. Gompers' ribs had been fractUred, his right hip sprained, and that he had suf- fered severe body contusions, Despite the advanced age of the labor leader, who is 09 years old, the surgeons de- clared that there was no likelihood of the injuries proving fatal. SPRING TO AID RUSSIAN ALLIES Will Unite .Archangel and Siberian Forces. Bolsheviki Retreat Before Shapshnikoff. (Archangel Cable. -According to reports by the Russian general staff, important progress is being made in tne Petettora dialect toward the °pee- ing up of a practicable line or COM- munIcation in the summer between the Archangel and Siberian forces Of the Allies. • Though regular conimunication is • now impraeticable bemuse of the con- ditions of the roads and the froze,n narbors, the Archangel forces recently have made important advarieee, Whiell are destined to secure elea and river transportation with Admiral Kol- ehak's army as soon ex navigation opens in the Arctic regions. A Rueolari force under Gen. Shapsh- nikoff has occhpied Ilst Uchta at the junction of the Rivers Islam aud [Teeth, and the 13olehevik1 are re- ported to be retreating rapidly le front of them. Tho Boisheeriki also have abandoned their fronts on the ,Rivere Vashke, and Moon. in the re- treat they took with them peasants from eighteen to forty-five years of age, and all their lite stock, Ihiathushe-My Wifet haft a, very hard part in the amateur dramatics)." Ben- tonhurst -What inakee it so herd? "It' not a speaking part."--Yetiltere Etateentare HOW TO GROWA L CROP OF RAY PlIAOTIOAL POINTERS ON THE ()ARE AND OUL.TIVATION OF IVIEADOWS AND PASTURES NOT nun rgin srgED.--OBASS MIXTURES THAT HAVE PROVED THEIR wow= Hay terms an imoprtant feature in ! :e'er low, heavY land that lo in.i row. After the eeed is sown it should clined to be damp sow: timothy, 6 be covered with the ileum implement grass 6 pounds; Welke Welter, 5 Quantity seed to sow on Stony or pounclee red top 5 pounds; orchard and the slanting tooth harrow, pounds per acre. hilly pastures: ten pounds DOkliara When orchard grass is Willa ti le clover, tWO PoillidS Welke, one Pound , usual to sew with a hand seeder, on White Dutch clover, two pounds Red account of the Size end light weight Top, three teounds orceard grass and of the seed. It its sometimes mixed two weeds 134.02no grass, making oarnddinsao4ngaralotun gb.tovILth Ttliiiee gortaiiienr inseett amount may seem ?navy I:300(110es twenty pounds per acre. This can 'be sown with the ordinary Vasa but it must be remembered that the se Aeclf tebroxtialettagelriaeicla ts tothueargvreasitneti, rill% ciwen sowing le not being done on a. tine not allow any animals to pasture on the flood will fall on the sod and cultivated seed bed. Some of the field. Allow all growth to remain stones and not be properly covered, ati a protection to the roots of the Low lauds or permaneat pastures plants. The heavier growth in ant- may also be improved by cultivation emu the greater will be the orops to follow. If short manure Is available, spread a, very light coating over the field Just as soon as tho grain crop is har- vested. The manure will protect the youag grass aaa clover plants from from the Sun and force their growth. , any ordinary system of ratation. This is owing to its value for feeding live stock aud to the improvement which Ile growth and cultivation effect In the fertility -of the sell. The quantity of grass seed sowxi per acre by Many good. farmers, and the number of var- ietios used in seeding meadows, es- pecially those that aro to be pastured, seem to many men to be a great waste, The waste, however, comes from seeding on badly prepared ground. Grass and clover seeds are not large, timothy especially being very small. If left en. top of the soil they become so dry that they do not germinate. If sown too deep the germs never reach the surface, The aim of every farmer should be to get a fine, well prepared eeed bed. Then sow Plenty of seed, and, at least, 21/2 to 3 tons of hay per acre will be harvested, 'Grasses and clovers 1411 grow on almost any kind of soil that is drain- ed or where the water line does not come too close to the surface. Clay and heavy sandy learn is best adapt- ed to their growth, when. It contains a liberal ;amount of humus, Peaty oxt black muck -soil, evelien underlaid witb a clay subsoil after receiving a dressing of stable manure, will eve good results, 'Hay, grasses and clovers should follow a hoed crop. The seed is gen- erally sown with some kind of grain, barley, rye or wheat, the -preference being in order named. As soon as the hoed crops are har- vested the land alma], ae plowed, Plow a narrow farrow and as deep as the humus or plant foodwill allow. This will bring up some of the man - PASTURES Pasture must be provided on every farm carrying live stook,* anti It is eetiential that it be made part ot the regular rotation. Much more graes can 'be produced- on tillable lanes when paseures are kept fresh and new, and the increase of fertility, nlUSt 00 auppIled, particulerly when clover sod is turn- Summer pasture should eollow a ed under, results in larger 'crops of meadriw. The seed bed should be corn and roots, when the pasture prepared, the proVious season. It Is broken and ',Meted to these crops. sometime sha.ppens that one-quarter to Ped triegealtaorlbtr, e When pasturing land wince is erop- • or one-fifth of the farm is too mach ipna sat ut roeudshould b r -yialaroh rotation,fom gforreehijoefdeedcrinogpso. rInDassuteuerincea. cases hae per- thesodtion may be seriVit mixed crops for second year of sod or meadow. n Ina five-year rotation the field to should be broken and thoroughly worked the previous seasoand again as soon as the green feed is removed or when the animals are taken if for the season. When land has been work- ed in ibis way it ehould be as clean as It roots had been grown on. it. Another .plan Is to sow a heavy mix- ture of -grain. The stack can be turn- ed in on the 'field an soon as the mix- ture gets trom 12 to 15 inches high. nes not advisable to allow the groWth to get higher before turning the live stock in on the field. If the mixture Is to be•cee and tea in the stable, it should be cut when In the „dough state. A. 'few extra acres of corn wln sup- ply a large quantity of food and can be fed direct from the field or from the silo. It is not advisable to sow all at one date or too' early. If the ;pasture is required bY Aagust, it should be gown In June. Sow at the rate of 2 bushels oats; ee bushel barley; 34 bushel spring rye and 1, bushel vetches or small field peas, making four buehels per acre. If the field sown to mixed ;crop is required for hay or pasture the fol- lowing year, sow one of the grass and clover mixtures advised above. The fact or pasturing this field will not injure the young plants, but. will have a tendency to strengthening thern. extra seed and a light ceating of Manure.. "leis work can be done any time to the last week in August, After the sod has aeen brawl suffi- ciently to Over the seed, sowing mey be does at the rate of five peunds Beeree grass, four pounds orceard grass, two pounds alsike clover and' two Pounds White Dutch per acre. , It is advisable to provIde succulent food during the months of July, .A.ug- ust and September, as usually at this tIme the regular pastures become either dry or Mort, In order to keep up the milk tow, freeh, succulent teed be pastured should be the third year tire -turned tinder for the hoed crop. tit sod or meadow. 11 13 not advisable If corn stubble has been plowed un- to leave an' fiel1 seeded with clatters der the previous autumn, the first im- and grasses uncultivated more then element to Use is a heavy land roller three years. Two years would give better results. When sod surfaces, are turned under, suck surfaces containing a reasonable amount ot clover roots, the fertilizing vaine,is equal to about le or 12 tons of Manure per acre. If the sod fields are. not broken ;for a number of years, the greater part of the fertilizing value is gone. Weeds are usually troublesome • in old meadows and pastures which are verye often allowed 10 ripen. Such pastures should ewe attention, anct they can be greatly improved by cutting the weeds w,ith the mower, and should be cut es often as neces- sary to keep any noxious weeds from seeding. On the average farm there is usu- ally some part which gannet be profit- ably cultivated on account of being stony, hilly or- too mew to e. drain. Such pastures require attentIon at intervals for best results. The stony or hilly, eastures can be improved by cultateeion and extra seed. Early in the spring, as pan as the frost is oat deep enough, the sod. should be broken sufficiently to cover the seed, which may be done with a three -tooth har- --The Canadian Countryman. with smoothing harrows attached. Should the harrows pull tap the stub- ble remove them and. use the disc harrow. Deep cultivation in spring 's to be avoldee. A firm seed bed with an exeepRoually flue sureace is essential. Beet results are obtained when grains and clovers are sown in the spring, when the soil is warm and dry enough to gernaina-te the • seed rapidly. Grasses are frequently sown alone or with fall wheat the last week In August or the first week in Sep- tember. When grasses are sown M the aut- umn, clovers should be added in spring time and covered with the rol- ler or brush harronv.. The quantity of seed required per acre varies, 'Goodson with abundance ot humus requires less seed than poor soil. When grass and clover peed are sown, as a, rulee- from 16 to 20 pounds are enough, If sown on high, well ;drained land that is intended lat- er on for pasture, sow the following: timothy, 5 pounds; orchard gratis, a pounds; alfalfa, 4 pounds; conunon red clover, 4 peundse alstke, 2 pounds; making 20 pounds per acre. eeeee:etaereaaele-t-e-e..e. systematically set with the aid of In - Over the Canadian Battlefields THE MARKS OF WAR •-••••••••-r (J. W. Da,foe in Winnipeg Free Press). Wherever in, our flying trlp we touched the border line between Lae actual babtlefields and the second- ary districts of the war -as for in- stance Amiens and Valenciennes -we Saw human lite finding its way into normal channels; but ever tee areas ef continued and desperate fighting there was still the abomination ot desolation. • Here in the very centre of an ancient populous civilization there stretches for miles in every di- rection a wilderness -not the empty loneliness of a new laird awaiting the Inflowing of human life, but a man- made desert speaking of the ruthless savagery of man in the sway a his passiotie. Here there are ruined farmsteads, vanished villages, once fair forests shredded into pulp, huge Piles of debris marking the site ot storied cities, destroyed temples -and hardly a sign of human life except the last dribbles of the great tide of uni- formed men that once poured over these highways. Thus an afternoon drive from Arras to Cambrai was through a profound silence. Here was wide highway running straight be- tween two famous Frence cities through the heart of an ancient land. In the whole distance we wily met two or th?ee military cars engaged in the aftermath of war; and a few small working parties of "Chinks" -thousands of miles from their native IVIancleuripe Standing on the motor's seat, one looked north atid south, east and west to the sky -line. Everywhere silence, profound, brooding, fateful!, Not a curling smoke -wreath on the horizon bespoken a human habitation. The country is open, rolling upland -in its physical conformation it seemed to me almost the counterpart of southern central Manitoba as it was 30 -odd Years ago before the industry of man dotted it with thriving farmsteads. The acme of „destruction is to be witnessed at Lens. This was the work of the Canadian artillery. In October, 1915, campaign the British drove for Hill Seventy, north Of Lens, and the, French for \rimy Ridge, both fruitlessly, despite Mittel success, It was assumed in all tite "expert" mine taty writirig of that date that the pos• session by the Allies of thee two kills Would 'fore° the evacuation of the Lens coal fielde by the Germans, The Cana- dians took Vimy Ridge in April, 1011; they pushed down the reterse Side of the ridge and acmes the level ground to the oetskirts of Lens within the riext three months; in August they stormed 11111 Seventy by one of the Most brilliant minor operations of the War. But the Hun, contrary to the forecasts of the strategists, refused to quit Lees. It Was half rtriged by the Canadians, who kopt it droWeed itt Poison gas and buried under a con- stant rain of artillery projeetiles; but the Getmans, hidden in the rabbit war - rem with which they honeycombed the foundations of the City, held en, ane to eveey attempt to take posseseion of the ruined ground they oppesed a do Perate and suecessful resiettince, The Canadian plane included the storming iti October, 1911, of Saltiminea Hill to the eoutheast of the eity. Had title been done -and no Canadian staff offa rer had any doubt of the praetiettbility of tlX enterprise -the Gentians in Lena Would have been trapped liko flammable bombs, petrol and firewood; and 'while the Germans fell back to- wards their own land a Dillar of smoke from the burning city bespoke their , rage at being robbed of their prey, •, Gambrel is the bureed-out shell of a • eawn-a mere wraith of its former charms, All these cities -and to them may be added, St. Quentin, Al- bert, Ypres, and a hundred smaller plaees-will have to be rebuilt from tne foundations upward- but first they will have to be demolished stone by stone and the rubbish carried'away-. a huge task which is not yet begun, awaiting perhaps the reparation mon- ey which will be of right the first after -the -war charge against the re- sources of Germany. In the track of the war machine there was no sign as we passed of any attempt to repair the ravtages of four campaigns. --it will take no trif- ling outlay in money, labor and in genuity, for instance, to turn the battlefield of the Somme into a. habit- able countryside; it is now "mere land desperate and done with," like C"t1111161dso litnionloounsd 'rtoradcotefothhrisoufgahfe.whBicuhf • on the actual battlefields work was going forward to prepare the ground tot the coming crop. Between Lens and Douai the Germanehad scarred the 'country with a series of detensive positions; and gangs ef German mill- tayr prisoners were busily engaged, under the watchful eve of overseers, in refilling the deep trenches and emoothing the fields. That was a sight often repeated as we passed from the battle wilderness to the less damaged 'belt about it; and there was about it a touee et satisfying ironic fitness! For these trenches were built by forced French labor of old Men, \venter' and childrein under German taskmaster. For the first ten or fif- teen miles out of Amiens along the • road to Were -the scene of a sharp battle In the open -which did relative- ly little, damage to the coueeree-many gangs of German prisohere were at Work with their epades; 'while the Wrench farmers were busily terning furrows in the fields upon which arm, les met in furiOns eonfliet last August, Mare and there .a, smutl tractor mild be seen at Work. Almost lever - !able as the motor went by the Ger- Mali prisoners stopped their work and With wistful eyes watched it pass down the road to the outside world of freedom, It was not difficult to read the thoughts in the minds of these men, etiest of them young and Many of Bleai not unintelligent in looks, . This was the end of their dream dr world demihation, their re- ward for their surrender of life and thought to 'the homicidal maniac who rebelled at POW= and now hides in fear and tretribling front the wrath of the world in an obscure retreat in Holland. eats; but the demands of the higher , strategy intervened, and the Canadians were shifted to the mud of Flanders, where they achieved the brilliant but fruitless distinction of taking Pass- chendaele ridge. So the Germans stayed on In Lens, and the Canadians, when they re- turned to their sector resumed their daily occupation of spraying them with gas and pounding them with shell with the result that when the line gave further south and the Germans had to fall back, the allied armies entered Lens to find it the oompletest etrpression,„ef the destructive possi- bilities of artillery fere that was sup- plied by any theatre of war. In this city, which once housed 50,000 people, not a single house remains -it Is ode huge red mass of red trick -rubble, through which roadways have been painfully excavated by labor battaa ions. Yet a few of the original inhab- itants have crept back and can be seen standing in little diseonsolate grimes arouhd the dust heaps whieh were their homes -living meanwhile in the -German dugouts under the town, As I drove through the towe on a blustering March morning, there still lingered in the air, four months atter the firleg of the last Mot, the faint shell of human iberettlity. For in these, Mtge rubbish heaps, it they are ever cleared eway, will be found hundreds of Germans burled by the shells that destroyed them. One hears eontroversy amongst the experts as to whether Lens or Arras is the most affesting itineration of what- war does to organized human society. There Is much to be said Lor both sides of the argument, In Lens ruin Is so complete as to ahnest blur the sense of human association; bnt Arras is the pitiful spectacle of huge eolleetion of uninhabitable houses -domestic shrines from which the flee has gone cold and can riever be revived. There they stood gaunt, tottering and cheerless -windows out, doors hanging awry, gaping holes hi the walls, the roofs fallen in, the brok- en and sagging ffoors-and all the Pitiful and touching relics of destroy- ed doniestie life, pietures still hang. Ing on the walla, broken furniture, torn atid destroyed elothing. The Grande Place of Avras-a succession of attrac- tive buildings in the Spanish style1111 built to a plan, with a Wide colonnad- ed 'Valk beneath them around the square -is a dreadful, heartreeding ruin. An occasional building in Ar- eas affords shelter to reurning refu- gees; and there Is here a considerable and increasing population, In no narrow street a number of Shope hatte re -opened and make as brave a show - hag as Is possible Among the ruins. Lens and Arras are the ruins Of war the by-products et groat powere itt it death -grip. .ttut Cambral is a ruin of another sort. It is a monument to the midtown spirit of the Hain in defeat. As the Britiali and the Cana- dians closed In last September from the eouth and the north they spared the city which they knew was fated to fall to them; no shell fell in Ite borders flaVe by inadvertence. But this dM not avail to am this ancient (moue town. The Canedituis entered it to find it deserted, ail the civilian population havIfig been carried off, arid on fire from a hundred emsflagerhtlens .1.4 MOM MANITOBA'S LABOR FAMINE. Winn1r4g report Wienipeg Is suffer- ing the greatest famine of farm labor in its history, says officials at the Dentin- ion...provincial employment serviee flees here. ituridreds of men are needed for farms throughout 'Manitoba, and very few are answerifig the call. Verniers fear that they will be unable to put in the None amount of acreage MS Year Os last, . VI LLISTAS OONCES11IATING. Mad, Texas, glespatcli`: Ioraneisto Villa is concentrating all the troops un- der his control in the State of Chihuahua in an effort to wrest tontrol of the State from the Cp.rro.nza Goverument, re-es- tablish a provisional rebel government Amiler to the Villa government of 1915, and try to rally the VA1101.33- rebel bands throughout Mexico to his banner, 111 the period of readjustreent Will be hard for the heroes to come A ROZY SPOT. P4m4lus Nods Built by Iformit uz /41/3114. es_ Sightseeingitt Buena is apt to be 1/40.114 141iA/V aeotaer, tintt at that ,,gto tni,)5 110,0.3 moat et Wein. Utte *oat 110 imatily 110e4 net tin UnifilS he is °specialty energetic or nailtui itt eatiaele taste for pagodas, Is the 4{ye,4t-Itto•yo pagoda, tate of the most atity spots in Burma in the eyes ot the Staidhiet Burmese. • The Burmese say teat the builder of Ibis pagoda, Was a hermit, a titeary which seems probab.e enough, for it is built on the top of p, oteep hill In 1. toeatiott which could appeal only to me in solitary inclination. Even the erest of the hill must have beep tee close to tee world for the holy man, for he located his shrine on a huge ()oldster, which may have been. steady =nigh in his daY, hat which noW seems ready at any time to slip oft .nto the valley seteeal thousand feet Assayed by the Burniese guide that the rock had rested at thls critical angle for Many centuries, the visitor, already breathless from the reckleet ,Iseent, of a Burmese hill, climbs a iwaying bamboo ladder to view butter :he old pagoda, The great rock, with ite shrine. forming a tiny pointed cap, teems even more unsteady from here, but the guide feels no uneasiness. He Is confident that somewhere .below the pagoda is a lock of Buddha's hair, end this alone atate the botadar trent. .ts fall. In the early spring pilgrims from all ever Butina journey to this torsekee apot to place femme on the rock and offer their prayers and gifts. Jewels Ind other offerings are towed with an Invocation to Buddha into the cleasm below the rock, As they leave, they elace lighted candies outside the thrine aod, as they cross the plain in he evening they can still see tine ooints of flame marking the sacred -,pot for other pfigrinis who may fol - ow them. 41 fp KINMEL CAMP NOB PROBE tiArholesale Arrests Made During the Trouble. Defence Charges Attempt to Convict All. ' •••••••••=0r...,•••••••1 Liverpool, April 27. --The ninth man accused, on :esumption of the Kin- oiel Park court-martial, was Sapper English, of the Canadian Railway Preens. He pleaded not .guilty to the charge of mutiny, and not endeavor - ng to suppress mutiny. Lieut. Gautier teetified along the teme lie as arldueed in previous eases, but said that Englise encourag- ed others to advartce. The latter had cursed the picket aefentling the Can*, and begged them to come out to meet them. Wttness advanced towards the men who met him with curses and brew stones, Witness estimated that the rioters :lumbered from 250 to 300. Eventually the picket rushed the rioters and he arrested English. Replying to Captain Black, defend- ing. witness denied that he had ()t- iered to let another arrestedeman go tree if he identified the man ,who 311o1 at hint. Gauthier's version of this incident was that he told the orison ex': "You know the men who shot Pte. G1111lien,o-oaeelse wui., nd don't, get it out of you, 30e The man cried, and said he knew ;lathing about it. - Gauthier said he had not takett any steps to arrest the men, as it would have been useless. Other officers had ina,de the attempt, and he knew what they got. He Elaid he had more sense than to go among that mob alone. Capt. Black, addressing the court for t the defence, said Wholesale ar- ?ests were .made during the riots, and the prosecution now sought to prove .hat all were guilty. The accused on eath, denied that he had been among Ito rioters, stating that he had just re- turned from Abergele, when he was errested while watching the distur- eance. While he was in custody, Gau- thier had twice told him that he had teething against him. Application for 'a now trial for the soldier, W. Allen, has been made on the ground of new evidence. FRANCE FACES A HEAVY TASK Avo.S. Needs Seventy Years to Make lip War's Losses. Britain. in 10, Italy in 38, Germany in 12. 4006..+1,•-ruar... Paris, April 27. -With the return of peace, Preece' has to face problems of great danger to her immediate future. Foremost among thee° is the ques- tion of repopulation .1 -low &mil France make good her looes by war and slek- new when the birth rate continuo to drop every week that goes by? A French statietician has reckoned that at the present rate it will take aeventy years to make up her loeseo during the war, Front Aug. 2, 1914, to Jan. 1, 1918, the death e in the oeven- ty-seveti departments not invaded by the enemy totalled 883,169. in 1918 there were 300,000 deathe, white it le' teekoned that 1919, if the present can- Itary arrangements are not improved, will ace tho paving away of another 250,000 men and women. Cruel treatment inflicted by Ger- mans in the invoelea districto Is old to have been the, cause of 130,000 deaths,, and if one adds to this the already heavy list of 1,885,000 aeldiere killed in battle the tote' of (teethe 18 very close to 3,000,000. If the French birth rate eentinnee as it Was in the ten mire from 1900 to 1910, Ferenc°, forte yeare hence, will have become a secondary power. Aes itt deaths 1ft the war in ten yeers other eonntriee, Great Britain will many will replace hee 1,950.000 killed' in twelve yeers and Italy her 300,000 hi thirty -tight nate. carding to the statisties publiehzd make good her deficit of 800,000 When ft man lecke prinelpal him nit- turally Mile from lack of littered. ITIkb OF IR NEW OF THE MY Ifeavy Loss of Life in the SinUing of Two Steep - era Off Ohile, U.S.-FRENCH ALL GE Large Contingent of calla. dian Artillerymen , oh London From Front. Cable Wire he Caned?, at ToAroldlte.so.tructive fire teeeurred at the premises of t Co„ Durulas and Chelsea Otreets, The St. IViary's tax rate is a21-2 Mille, four mills below last year. Chas, H. Crysclale, Pollee •!Ogle - trate, of Oshawa, Orme 1014, * dead, Brig. -Gen, W. 5, Hughes has been appointed Superintendent of Penitert- ti4rhitr Tofficial -Count le theal' itehee 4a.efaernsentd11181n,43v3,ote is; For, ,178,118, g Melvin Steiner, while operating a derrick windlass at leiteheuer, Was almost instantly kilted. Wm. 8. Turnbull, Postmaster at Galt for the pet twenty yeardied following a stroke of paralyele, galettiorne destroyed Queen Street Metho- dist Churele, Kingston, for the third time in the history of the eongree The Japanese naval squadron watch has been visiting in Italian waters, has lett ,for Southern Preece, Theeinhabitants otOlmetz, 114 miles from Petrograd, hat% revolted ageenst the Bolsheviki. The result 4s report- ed to be spreading. Reports from Valparaiso'Calla are to the effeet that there has been heavy loss of life frem the sinking et the steamers Magealeina and Alfonso. Dr. Gill, V. 8.,:og Dorchester Sta- tion,' has repertede en -outbreak ot black quarter in a number ief the herds of cattle in; North Dorchester Township and:other nearby distriete. sbie rLednire juemt; Gravin ThOrapson 148.11,V. C., 2nd Central^ Oneerio Reglenentas , has been M. Frew The Belgian' Goyernment has of- fered Canada at site in the town ot Ypres for a museum to contain 6011". yams of the battle -tough!. on the fun- oas salient. PrTohteectSiotn elAaussroicoeial• loatoi,veQr oebesto,feehthre; completed arrangement for guardian," the forests bY•the'Menabers of ibis as- sociation by means of airplanes. Evelyn Green, aged four, was 30 badly burned early ,Saturday mornhag, Et the home of eet aarents, Ur. and Mrs. Harry Green, Termite, that the died about 4.30 itt the afternoon. The membeis of the Guelph police force are not satiseied with the pres- ent salary which ehey are paid, and they are respeetailiy requesting the Police Commissidn to grant an in- crease, and to., also re -arrange the present. salary schedule. A large contingent of Canadian ar- tillefyinen arrived at Southampton on Saturday from the continent, alsd var- ious units from the Balkans. lYfanY of the latter have been threeiyaesatrs on f service without leave. ' Dr. Richard Carney, the Windsor's famous triumvirate-Dra. Casgrain, Coventry and Carney -who controlled' the policies of the -Conser- vative party in Essex County for 25 years,iilhderkiewdoSaitnuanap Saturday afternoon,ie.dr While iv'er at the foot of Spadina avenue, Toronto, Saturday morning, Hettert Faederick Wise, 30 years Of age, a returhee sol- dier, was crushed to death, `When someone unknown started the machine ery. Five thousand Australian troope, under command of Lieut. -General Sir John' Monash, celebrated ,Anzac Day on Saturday, by a mareh through, the main thoroughfares of the west end of London. Announcement is made in the Lon- don Gazette that Charles Maachran, late honorary Colonel of the Cane . adian Veterinary Corps, has resigned the Companionship of St. Michael and et. George eatiferred upon him last year. Aproject for an alliance between France and America actually is under way, The Echo de Paris says. Presi- dent Wilson, .however, the Paper adds, Is withholding aetion Until he ean Place the matter before the American Senate for ratiffeatioh. nintervi" Mils aesu withi Miss Vera aplofa ot Lav e alleged lleaceomplice of Frank ' the NfeCulioueh, the escaped murderer, Published in an evening palm' on Saturday, htles Tann* Soady, head tnatron lit Tor- onto Jail, and Gaard Charles II, apan- ton, have been temporarily discharged from duty pending au Investigation. Balaton Bros.' tannery at Blyth, a It ygtidb h r ee-tisttear eyy t brick structure, Wee bad - ere BROKE SPIRIT by EGYPTIANS. Cairo, April 21. -The strike of Govern- ment ,officials, whieh hes been going on for aome time, is over, and work has been resumed. The publication of the American letter reboginizing the- British protectorate, setae like a eold donehe to the 'etrxemistis, Whit) recognize the futility of their aspirations regarding Co mplete independence, now that Amerlea has taken the lead in retorignizing Great Britain's poslumn Itt 1,egypt.ss, PROST MD LITTLE DAMAGEe Brantford, April 27.-Dietriet farmers and fruit groWes report that last week's frosts did little thunage hi tins 'beauty, the accompanying snowfall protecting the green stuff. Young clover truly suf- fer, raid some of the fruit bud& Whitt' had started to open were niped, but, on the whole, optimism reigns. Priees were steetly <in the market Saturday, -Mat pienty of butter offe*relod, POPE RE,OEIVES MOSLEM. Rome despatets: Per the twat time In the history of the 1'0r0133r, the bead of the Catholic clturch to-dtty received the Aim of the Commander of the Faithful, as Printe Velso.1, 800 of Hussein Bee All, Xing -of Heiljan, elaims his father to be. liic killocon spottidrutihaatitottifiti, jeenvaptehroiert.tinodf tbte eoloys full liberty, shiee the only tialm fo the Arabians is exeitieta unity and not religteue doinins.tiou.