The Wingham Advance, 1919-01-16, Page 7L
GRAND far SEVERAL TIMES
ENTERED HELIGOLAND HE
British Navy's "Pa,ravene"
Made German Mines
Harmless.
A, London cablea—)British wirelees
eerVice.)----Mines and mine Heide were
rendered obsolete by the developments
De the "Paravene," the invention ot
Lieut. Burnley, and consistently urged
Wien the 13ritie1i Ilan by Admiral Sir
'L Melte, Tbis instruMent Was offi.
daily adopted ;by the navy early in
1916and was so successful that spe-
• vial factories were built for its cons
structiep.
It le now learned that the British
grand fleet on several occasions push-
ed right into the Biget of Helgoldand,
which, if Melee meant Anything, walla
have been a death trap for ships. Ger-
Mau exPerts never solved the raystery.
From the time of its adoption to the
clew of the War, only two warships
were reported having been eunie by
mines. The most recent use of the
"paravenee" was on the occasion
British warehips entering the Baltic
through a closely mine -strewn area.
The steel wire mooring ropes of the
mines are said to leave been cut by tee
"Paravenes" as easily as sring is cut
by scissors,
an, ...,••••••••....1•0••••••••..
PROCEEDINGS AGAINST EX -KAISER
FOR VIOLATION OF LAWS OF WAR
Committee Investigating
Outrages.
Undo, Thureday, iCable—Preceed-
lags against the former German Em-,
perote are ativisecl in a special report
by a sub -committee of the commis -
Siert leharged with inquiring into vio-
lations of the laws of war, appointed
two months ago. The parent body
haeolone a great deal of work throfigla
asIn-committees, cach of which was
el nedetome particular phases of
-Violations charged against enemy
cougese. Plans for a tribuzaal Which
wen y .cases in which vie:aliens of
the laws are alleged have already -been
sulsmatted'.
One of he most difficult phases of
thoggrozet ha e been the iequiry into
ileareatimenttoe prisoners, their em-
ployment behind the iring lines, . il-
legal methods of warfare, nilsuse tif
the Red Cross flag, bombaraments of
hospitals, and the execution of Miss
Edith Cavell and Captain Fryatt. The
sub -committee having this work in.
chatee has already examinea about
109,000 oases of ill-trea.tmene of pris-
beeps, end has about 150:000 more to
investigate. 'This sub -committee -has
already submitted an interim report
-on the employment of prisoners beeine
the ifiring lines and in Germeu mines
and 'quarries.
Offences at sea are being, dealt With
by te third committee, its investigation
hicieding the destruction of merchant-
men, the firing on crews after the de-
struction of their vessels, the sinking
'of hespital ehips, the other alleged vio-
leilians. This committee lira aleeady
s,ubbaitted a report. on Ilieet,a1 tub -
Mein(' warfare.
A. fourth commitete hal been deal-
ing with offences Lem the air, sub
as the indiscriminate bomeardment of
towns and the wilful or reckless bomb-
ing of hospitals.
All the sub -committees still have
large masses of evidence to examine
before final reports are issued, deal-
ing wide charges to be preferred and
the degree of responsibility attaehing
to individual% Although final con-
clusions may not, therefere, he reach-
ed in a majority of 'cases for some
months, it is said that it is not to ee
assumed that practical steps have not
been taken to secure -and arrest offen-
ders.
• • ott
PRUSSIA IS TO
DROP FROM MAP
Hertling's Forecast Just
Before His Death.
Told How QuicklY Fortunes,
Changed.
A Paris cable: "The animosity of a
great majority of the Germans toward
Prussia will have a deeisive infleen-ce
on the future configuration of Central
Europe," said Count von Heeding, the
former Imperial German Chencellor,
in an interview with the correspond,
ent of the Matin three days before Von
Hertling's death. •
"At Munich, as at Stutteart and
Cologne, there- is resentry.: P. egainst
Prussia for having so badly steered
the common ship, and let it be under-
,
stood that . by Prussia not the comes
try, but the 'caste and the politieal sys-
, is meant. Existing Prussia is in -
'comparably stronger than all the other
confecleteted states, bet it does not
401444•1404444=410032404424===a4s=z4=0,0rovicza=00404444444=0.
TiallANINS
LLOYD GE RGE NAMES HIS
NEW CABINET FOR BRITAIN
repreeient a holuogeueolet ethuieei blue
but An agglomeratitne of widely: dieree-
out provinaee. If the present ideal
tallow their course, momenteue his-
torical events will soon occur, aud tne
name of Preasla will disappear trout
the map of Europe.
"In the new federatea CierMallY
there will be no place, for the direire-
portionate Prueala, surrounded,* by
feeble satellite% The new GerMalle
will comprise six Or seven States ap-
Proximately equal ie importance. Ine
Mead of Prussia we will se the State
of Brandenburg and Pomerania, the
State of Hanover and the Lower Falba,
the Slide of Westphalia, bound by
feeeeal ties to Bavaria, to Saxony and
to Wurttemburg, and itself united to
the old Grand Duchy of Baden."
Questioned by the correependeut as
to his hatred for Prussia., w1iIh the
correspondent said appearecl to him to
be of recent date. "Evidenter," Von
Hertling replied with !reran:less, "one
reasons very differently when deafen-
ed by tee clamors of victory, and
everybody believed in eictory. At tbe
beginning of July, 1918, I was core
fenced, 1 confess it, that before Sep-
tember 1 our adversaries would send
us peace proposals. Certainly our
situation was most dangerous, in the
senee that we had played cur last
card. But that did not matter since
we- were sure we were winning.
"We were all the more, Sure of that
because of certain information of the
most favorable nature whice reached
us from the Entente enuntries, eotably
from France. It was on account of
this information that the, high, com-
mand, notwithstanding the opposition
of the Government, was able to con-
tinue bombarding Paris. It was obvi-
ously hoped to hasten thus the process
• of demoralization, about which well-
meaning agents furnished daily fan-
tetie reports.
"We e,xpected grave events in Paris
for the end of July. That was on the
'15th. On the 18tIe even the meet op-
timistic among us understod that all
was lost. The history of the world
was played out in three days."
THE SCANDINAVIAN.
Conducting Officer Says No
Complaints.
•
•
St. John, N.13,, despatch: When eel: -
ed about complaints eregarding the
Scandinavian, a Canadian Pacific Rail-
wy officil said tht Col. Tramiel, who
is in charge of the condueting party,
had informed him that there were no
complaints, that everything possible
had been done for the comfort a the
men, and. that all the officers of the
vessel had been. most solicitious in
earing for the passengers.
The officials expressed the opinion
that the complaints would continue
itnleas the military authorities brought
the men back in the safte way they
took theni over, on transports, under
military discipline.
FRANCE PAID A
h TERRIBLE PRICE
Her Casualties in Great
War 4,762,800.
Total of Dead Alone Reach-
es 1,327,800.
Washington Cable —Casualties in
the French army, excluding colonial
Papers • Ask 'Whgliier- -.He Will Rule it, or It
• public to -day by the French High
tsr0000,pasc,cuorpd itno gNtooveomtrbi :Ira 11,f itgt•tierreeo4m,76a2d,;
Rule' Him
Commission to correct conflicting re-
ports hitherto published.
Men killed in action er died of
. wounde numbered 1,028,000, and 'to this
total inust be added 299,000, listed as
r
aj lity ef Chiaf Pts'cs geld by Conserve- a total -of 1,327,800. The number of
missing andegiven.up for lost, making
t wounded was 3,000,000, with 435,000
tiVeS H' is 0111..Opponents
Ai London cable.: The new Cabinet
Of Premier Lloyd George was an-
nounced to -night. It presents few
eurprises. The question the British
newspapers are asking is whether Mr.
Lloyd George will rule his Cabinet or
'Whether his Conservative advisers will
dohnnate him.
The majority of the Cabinet in high
plates are Conservatives, notably An-
drew Boner Law, Earl Curzon, Arthur
J. Balfour and Viscount Milner, Only
four years ago their party regarded
Mr. Lloyd George as the Conserva-
tives to -day regard the Bolshevik',
The Preinier is pledged by his cam-
paigning speeches to a sweeping pro-
gramme of liberal reforms, particu-
larly the giving of land and houses to
workingmen and dizeharged soldiers.
His principal advisers are regarded
as representatives of the land owning:
Interests, who, following traditioe,
Would place barriers in the Way of
r such reforms.
The Ministers without portfolios,
George Nicoll Barnes and Sir Erie
Geddes, have id -I. -portant ditties for
which there are no Cabinet places,
Mr. Barnes will represent Labor at
the Paris Puce Congress, while Sir
Eric has uridertaken the management
of demobilization.
One innovation le the selection, for
the first time of an Indian as a mem-
ber of the Government, Sir 5. E.
Shiba, having the place of ejuder-See-
retary for India. Another is the ap-
pointment of Cecil Bishopp Harms -
Worth, brother of Lord Northcliffe, to
succeed Lord Robert Cecil as Under-
Seeretary for Foreign Affair. •
The new Cableet willbe headed
be" David Lloyd George as Premier
and First Lord of the Treasury, ao,
Cording to an official statement i.
fraea to -night. The other members of
the Government will be:
LOrd Privy Seal and Leader in the
Hoese Of Commons--Andretv Boner
Liter
Preeident Of the Nandi arid Load-
er in the House Of Lords --Earl Cur -
of Itedleston
Ministers Without Portfolio —
George Nicoll Barnes •and Sir Eric
Geddes.
Lord Chancellor—Sir P. P. Smith.
Home Secretary ---Edward ,Shortt;
itInder-Secretary—Ilamar Greenwood.
Poreign Secretary --.Arthur T. I3ae
foar; Under-Secretary—Cecil 1318110pp
leeterrieworth.
Secretary fur the' Colonies—Vii-
count Milner.
Secretary of War and of the Air
Ulaletry (which have been corn -
bated) --Winston Spencer Churchill;
eirelerelecretary—ViscoUnt Peel.
Financial Secretary to the War Of-
fice—Henry W. Foster.
Secretary for India—Edwin S. Mon-
tagu; Under-Secretary—Sir S. H.
Sinha.
First Lord of the Admiralty—Wai-
ter Hume Long; Parliamentary Sec-
retary—Thomes. J. MacNamara.
President of the Board of Trade—
Sir Albert Stanley; Under-Secretary
—W. B. Bridgeman.
Department of Overseas Trade De-
velopment and Intelligence—Sir Ar-
thur ateel-Maitland, who also is ap-
pointed Secretary_fer Foreign Affairs
and an additiorial Parliamentary Sec-
retary to the Board of Trade
president of the Local Government
Booed—Ler. Christopher Addiaon; Par
liarnentary Secretary, Stephen WaIsh,
Laborite.
Secretary of Agriculture—R. E.
Prothero.
Minister of Education—H. A. L.
'tether,
Secretary of the Ministry of Muni-
tions, which is to become eventually
the Ministry of 'Supply—Andrew Weir
Food. Controller—Gearge H. Rob-
erts.
Minister of Shipping—Sir J. P. Mac-
lay.
Minister of Labor—Sir Roper
Stevenson.
Horne Minister for Pensions—Sir,
Laming/ Worthington -Evans.
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lerma-
ter—The Earl of Crawford.
First Commissioner of Works—Sir
Alfred Mond.
Minister for National Serviee and
Reconstructian—Sir Atteltland Gee -
des.
Attorney-General—Sir Gordon new --
art.
tet-
Solicitor-Cleneral—Sle Earnest Pol-
lock.
PostMastereleneral—Albert Heiden
Illingwoeth.
Parpaster-General — Sir Joseph
Comptonetiekett.
Chancellor of the Exchequer—Au-
ten Chamberlain. ,
Lord -Lieutenant el Ireland—Gener-
al Viscount lirench.•
'Chief Secretary for Irelande-Sir
James Ian MacPherson.
Secretary for Seetland—Robert
Munro,
Both Mr. Prathero and Andrew
Weir were raleed to the peerage on
accepting their new offices.
It is announced that until there has
been more time to make permanent
peace arrangements the existing War
Cabinet will be continued.
The Government intendto subMit
to Parliament eropoSals for the estate
liehment of a Ministry of 'Ways and
Communication, If these are adepted
Sir Eric Geddes will be invited to
head the new depertment.
lieted as prisoners. Three-fourths of
thewounded have recovered, either en -
tirely or at leaet to such an extent as
to be fit to work again.
Slightly less than 700,000 are abso-
lutely unable to work and have been
pensioned. To this figure must be
added those -who will come back trete
prlson citrates in Gerraany unfit tor
work. The French Government esti-
mates the total number of unfit end
pensioned may finally be beetwese 800,-
000 and 900,000 men.
The losses among the native troops
coming •froxn the French colorges or
protectorates were 42,500 killed or aied
of wounds, with 15,000 roeseing end
very propably dead. The number pen --
stoned after wounds •or illness wee
44,000, to which must be added these
of- the 3,500 held as prrsoners of war,
who will have to be 'pensioned.
"If one only tonsidered the losses
among French citizens," teed the corn -
mission's statement, 'and compares
their number to the population of
France, about 38,000,000, and to the
number of men inobilized about 7,500,-
000, one sees that the total killed er
dead of wounds, missing and unfit for
work, was hetweeit five and snr. per
cent. of the Ptench population, and be-
tween 26 and 30 per tent. of tee men
mobilized."
s
TRIED TO KILL
CZECH PREMIER
••••4•••••.....M.•
Prague Youth Shot Twice
at Dr. Karmarz
Mei
LEAGUE OF
NATIONS Is
Bate° Cable — 'A despateb. from
Priague dated Wednesdasr says that an
atternpt has been matte to assassinate
,Dr. learl Xramarz, Premier of Czecho-
Slovakia.
Dr, Eramarz was talking 'with a
painter in the corridor of the Pradch-
ner Castle, whet a youth fired at Isim
behine 'his lia.ck. The bullet rninsed
Its Mark, and the assassin fired again
as D. leramarz tarried, but again the
shot Was ineffective, a portfolio car-
ried by the Premier defleteing the
The youth Was arrested. He gave
his namte as Alois Stasny, and his age
as 18. He was bort, lerragize, and
was employed as a elerk itt a rallwaY
office. The youth staid the plot to kill
Dr. Xramarz was arranged at a Meet-
ing sOfne days ago, but refused to go
Into 'details concerning it.
4 '
•
The sufferer frorn inseemnia cureed
his tintepiece ticking under the pillow.
"Ante yet NOM people talk about the
ellerit watches of the night," he e ore -
pia Med , qta eru I Mile Y.
.1111.41.10.4.
teeterice, anti 40;....t3 ear grade.
eltto rctenamentzett thnt. ue eataete tee
allowea to go foe (.7:port lege...) reign.-
reztaogaele toe
trade testae a iettection itee ;ellen
eff in lasttrn ().zetrio, reiaergable ex--
pan:Loa ties, etetortaint; to eir..1'0,low's
TRIumpHANT
tentwen*srtra
Whole Course of Peace Con-
ference to Be On That
Principle.
BOAIN 4, N
— 1 .-1
For Dominions' Representa-
tion Accepted by War
Cabinet.
(From John W. Defoe, Correspondent
of the Cauadien (iovernment),
A London cable: Representatives of
the four great Alllee powers have been
ixeconference in Paris for the past two
days. The British interests were
represented by Lord Robert' Ceell and
Mr. eigifour. President Wilsou, act-
ing, an be was careful' to state, as the
erime Minister of tee United States,
and not ae the end of a nation, took
part .directly in these conferences in.
Which he met the Premiers of Preece
and Italy,
To -morrow a par of 'British repre-
sentatives will leave here for Paris. It
will Include the Prime 'Minister of
'Greet Britain, Canada. Australia and
South Africa. On Monday confer-
ences on a large scale will begin.
The eirst business will be determina-
tion of the precedure to be followed
and the final decision as to the retire-
seutation of eaah of the couneriee
which will be Defected by the peace
settlement.
The preliminary arrangements give
five delegates each to the British Em-
pire, France, the United States, Italy
and Japan, those 25 to farm the heart
of the cant:trot:Ice. Belgium, Greece,
Serbia, Portugal, Roumania, China and
Brazil will probably be given three
representatives each, but these will sit
only when they are called in by the
great power delegations. The Czecho-
Slovak and Polish republics will have
two representatives each, and some of
ehe entailer new states oneeach.
Neutral nations directly, interested
In the peace settlement will also- be
'accorded representation which will be
limited probably to one representa-
tive for each.
The matter of special representation
of the British overseas Dominions is
ono of the urgent questions which will
be dealt with by the allied conference.
A definite proposal to this end which
will be submitted to the Imperial War
• Cabinet bk the Canadian Priine Minis-
ter, and accepted by that body, will
come before the conference for con-
sideration and action.
be Paris correspondent of the
Times says: "The representations of
the British Dominions which have
played such a great part in the war
will probably be arranged by admis-
sion of additional delegates."
It is already deer that the preiciple
of a League of Nations has triumphed
over ite crities and opponente and the
whole course of the conference will
be an application of the spirit behind
this new conception efainterriational
relations. It is expected that one of
the first acts of the conference wilt
be to constitute a special -body upon
which Great Britain will be represent-
ed by Lord Robert Cecil, and France
by M. T. Bourgeole, to report on a de-
finite scheme not only for the league,
but the conference itself With its gra-
dual expansion of membership until
the whole world, allied, neutral and en-
emy, will be represented and which
will be in iteelf an exemplication of
the proposed evetere.
The new Allied Food Council,
which will be conetisuted in Paris
on Monday, is in reality the League
of Nations functioning in the eco-
nomic world. Its task Is during a
period of scarcity to feed the whole
world by combining the food .pro-
ducts of all countries and distributing
them on a just basis among the
peoplee of the world.
This vast enterprise will call for
the close co-ordination of facilities
in banking, production and tranepor-
tenon of all the leading nations. The
supreme management will be vested -
in Mr. Hoover, under the direction
of the International Food Council.
The statements at least seem au-
thoritative about the probable char-
acter of the League of Nations and
bear out the tatrmiae set out in these
despatches two weeks ago, that one
of the cardinal features of the scheme
will be recognitiou of the principles
that the great powers, in dealing with
the new territories which will come
under 'their control, will act as trus-
tees subject to an accounting to the
league. There is general agreement
that experience has showit the futility
of attempting to govern territories too
backward to govern themselves by
eyetere of joint control. Hereafter,
countries requiring supervision and
control wilt come within the sphere of
some designated great power, but the
latter will aet as a mandatory of the
Leagde of Nations, and 'will thres not
be vested with plenary juriediction.
44 • 4. •
acat diatr.c. Theo() drew euppliee
from age OM 1u tgear, and made
tureeenterteie et a Million wends 0/
ten:ereJtV. euelow eepresetet himself
an,ca leg reetee with tee feature
poseleilitles v ee:tying itt tee north.
• Anotizer neW cievtlopment isin the
. making oa wney Lutter. Laid year
177 eheetzo factor104 hal this as a by-
eroduct, while 43 otherseimmed their
whey and seieped the creeen to butter
factorier, the remelt being that over
$300,000 worth of wiecy butter WaS
nia3c,
Ltaraitted the result oe
31,714 teets of, milit ouppiled Var:OUs .
0 t rio These
teeth ehowed that the butter fat eoa-
tent of the milk ren all the way train
-2.5 to 5 per cont. Some 2,000 tette'
showed 3 per cent, tar lees of butter
fat, while over 2000,sauiples ran 4 per
cent, or better.' Since there is a, direct
connectiou bettveen the amount of tee
fat iri tee mirk and the amount of
ceeeee that milk .evill produce , and
sittee milk generally is paid for bY
weir:et rather than 1»' fat content, it
Is edident wane eatrono were- -pale a,
good deal more than their milk watt
worth,. while others were paid meoli
ler%
cheese factotiee n a a. .
GRADING Will
I RAISE TAR
1 OF DAIRY GOODS
Instructor Publow's In-
structive,Talk to E. On-
tario Convention.
A NEW PLN
Advocated by‘ Commission-
er Ruddick for Cheese
Belleville despatch: ekt the Eaetern
°uteri° Dalryinenez tonvention here,
to -day, Mr. Publow, Chief Instructor,
as a means of keeping up quality in all
linee of dairy product;, etrontay re-
:mini/tended eradinge-grading ea:tin
SIIPPliee butter factoriee. and grading
the outeut of bole cliteete anti butter
•
eV.* •••••••••••••••••-
SMUTS STANDS
*FOR NATIONS'
PEACE LEAGUE
WOULD ABOLISH "CHEES11
141.°i
DirY CoreitllfuScli"i
anienit. in his ad-
dress proposed a sweeping eimage Iti
the system of sellires clecese that wee
itt eperation Lethre the war, anti a sys-
tem that may return Meer peace re-
turns. The prepotal involved nothing
less tan the aeolition -01 • Cheese
Boards," and the 'shipping of all ohoit:e
to. a central warehouse in• Montreal,
where it would- be embed and. sold. by
auction. This ceange would, as Mr.
Ruddick said, do away with the cost
of bringing local buyers and calesmon
together at scores of local boards, at
frequent intonate, and ee. make pea -
Bible the paying of a higher price .to
the rroducer of cheese. Moreover,
each factory -would be paid for its out-
put according to quality.In Quebec,
ATI'. Ruddick ttaia, a similar system Is
followed. The Quebec Agricultural
Co-operative Society 'handled 100,00
lames 01 checue and considerable but-
ter through one ceetraa warehouse last
year, and the cheese so'handled show-
ed a much higher percentage of No.. 1
than sold by other factories in the old
way through local boards.
It is Just poesible „that for this year
the Dairy Produce Commission,
through which eheern has been bought
for export during the war, may be
continued. but as soon as that com-
mission, ceases to exist, Mr. Ruddick
recommended his plan as a suestitute
for the old e::stem of selling through
local «oar :is.
Mr. Ruddick placed the total value
of the dairy peoduction of Canada for
last year at $200,000,000, of. which
$47,000,000 was exported.
NEEDS OF CAPRAIDRY INDUSTRY.'
In giving his opinion, of the needs
of the creamery industry, Mr, John
11. Scott, official butter grader, laid
epecial emphasis on uniformity in
sa.lting and texture oe the butter, and
on pasteurization. of the cream from
which butter is Made. "Canadian
butter," said Mr. Scott, "will never
gain favor in an export market sp
long as unpasteurized cream is used
in any large quantity." • That there
is room for improvement is evident
from the fact that out of 31 cream-
eries sending samples of butter to
the grading etation en 'Toronto 25
per cent. sent over 50 per -cent. sec-
ond grade butter. There should, too,
Mr. Scott said, be a law . requiring
compulsory testing of cream that
would insure payment for crearn.
shipped to dealers according to the
actual value ofesarae. ' •
Mr. Joseph Burgess, Chief Inspec-
tor for the. Dairy Produce Commis-
sion, reported that the 'Commission
handled 1,777,793 . cheese for the
eeason of 1918 up to Deeember 26.
This was 104,877 less than for the
year before, but the value was $351,-
356 greater. Ontario supplied 1,044,-
311 of the total for the past season,
and of thie 94.84 per cent. gracted
No. 1. Quebec 716,443
cheese, and of this only 78,50 per
cent, graded No. 1. In the previous
year only.40.88 per cent. of (etc-
bec's cheeee graded No. 1, so that a
great improvement has taken place
inutnhdastrPrthoventocre.
der .;f last
autumn
commandeering butter 114154 pack-
ages were received by the Commis-
sion. Of this -45,125 came from On-
tario, .19,93%. from Quebec and 10021
from Manitoba. Of the Quebec but-
ter 94.48 per tent. gradoil No. 1, of
the Alberta butter ,90.26 par cont.,
of Manitoba btetter 81.10 per eght„
and of °uteri() butter only 70.7e per
cent. was No. 1, Thus Quebec was
• further ahead of Ontario in quality
a butter than Ontario was ahead of
Qtebee in quality of cheese. The
total value of the butter exported
tor the whole eeason syae over
$4,000,000.
NATIONAL DAIRY COUNCIL.
Mr, B. H. Stonehouse, in speaking
of the newly -created National Daley
Came% of which he is President,
said it was intended to bave it en-
tirely free of Government control.
On tate eontrary, it is hoped to Ilene
a body that will represent -the whole
dairy industry and that will be con-
sulted by G•overnmente in all mate
tors of legislation.. The Council will
be fin.anced by contributiorte from
the various affiliated bodies. One of
the first duties of the 'Cotinell will be
to represent the dairy induatry be-
fore the Railway Corenlisslon in the
Matti- of exprese rates.
•
•NCH TO MEET
HUN ENVOYS
A IlaseI cable: The Deutsche All-
geMeine Zeitung, a copy of Which tee
been received here, tays it is an-
nounced that Marshal Poch, corn -
wander -in -chief of the Allied arnlits
On the western front, has telegraphed
the German armiatiee coMmisston that
the -Entente Governinents have not ace
-ceded to- the request for a prolongation
of the armistice, which ends Jan. 17.
Accordingly, (leneral Poch, said, he
would meet Geeirtati plenipoten-
tiaries jan. 14, or Jan, 15 'at Tr -eves.
—oe
The Cost of Living Branch recently
made ineestlgation into the orange
iLarket, and reports their' the chief
cause for high prices having been re-
nioved, ltrices (luring the succeeding
Months ahOuld be cleeidedly lower.
Body*Should Be Foundation
of New International
System.
1....heamnorer.
NO AkititlATiONS
But Sevtral New IndepeRd
ent States, Ris
A London cable.—Reuter despatch.)
—In a pamphlet published to -day, en-
titled "A League of Nations," a pro-
Lramme for the Peace Conterence,
Gen. •Jae. Christian Smut:), fornaer
member of the Britiali War Cabinet,
Says it is neeeesary to view a Leaguq
of Nations not tinily as a possilhe
meana to prevent future wars, but as
a great organ for the orderly and
peaceful li1e. of civilization and as the
foundatiou of a, new international eye -
tem.
Tee war. he declares, Lae wrought
a fundameetal change in the political
reap of 'Europe. The Russian, Aus-
trian and Turkisee Empii ee already
have disappeared, while Germany,
"even if she survives the stoma of
the coming days, win lose her subject
races of non -Gorman blood,
"The only statesmanlikq course,"
Cm. Smuts continues, "is to make the
League of Natione reversionary, in
tee broader sense, of the flu ee
pires, Ruesia, Austria. and Turkey,
whose poo,ple are now deficient in
self-goeernment... The Peace Confer-
ence, therefore,•should look upon the
formation of a League ef Nations an
its primary taskand seould look upon
itself as the first meeting of the
league,
NO ANNEXATION.
"Regarding the settlement of af-
fairs in Russia, Austria and Tarkey,
there should be no annexation 01 any
of these territories, and in the future
the principle of government with the
commit of the, governed 'Mould be
followed. • Finiand, Poland Czecho-
Slovakia and JegoBlatea will probably
be capable of statehood, and ;Mould
be recognized as independent states
from the beginning.
"The, Trans Caucasian and Trans -
Caspian provinces of Russia probably
will require some external authority
to steady• their administration, "reb-
els:3r this will be the case also with
Upper and Lower Mesopotamia, Le-
banon and Syria, while other cases,
such as Palestine and the Armenian
Vilayete, would require adminstration
to a very large extent by exteenal au-
thority." • •
Gen. Smuts propose,s that all new
states should conform to the new ordex
• of ideas, and , should agree to raise no
military forces, collect no armaments
beyond what the league declares to
be reasonable. The conference must
lay down, he continues, the general
-principles of e. peace settlement and
leave the details to the League of
Nations,thus meriting a continuity
• between the conference aeid the league.
Describing the worlting of the
league, Gen. Smuts saye that the Eur-
opean empires will all disappear and
that Germany will become a truly fed-
eral, democratic state. New sover-
eign states such as Finland, Poland
and Bohemia will. arise• under the
• league, and a large number of autono-
mous states 'tvill ariee and will be be-
friended by the great states. Over all
would be the league as the coetrolling
authority.
ALL STATES EQUAL.
Gen. Smuts goes on to compare the
functions he ascriees to the league
with the working of the British Em-
pire, and says:
"In the League of Nations all states
should -be considered equal and should
vote as states whatever the number of
their representatives delegated to the
eeneral conference of constituent
states.Besides the confereaco there
-must be a small council eoreposed of
these five greet powers: The British'
Emeire; the. 'United States,. Prance, It-
aly and Jaean. Each of them will
nominate permanent members • to the
.ncioeunn:il, Germany being added when
she has a stable democratic govern-
..
"In addition to the permanent mem-
bers there should be four additional
members added in rotation from two
Panels. Me...panel will comprise the
timers below the rank of the •great
powers, -such as Spain, eltingery, Tur-
key, Central Russia, Poland and Great -
et Serbia. The other panel would
comprise all minor states. leech pin -
el would provide two members to be
eelected in rotation.
"The eotmeil should submit its re-
commendations to •the conference of
the league. The powers should not
grudge a strong representation in the
corefereoce tct smaller states, as In any
case its resolutions will only be re-
commendations to the Internat!onal.
P• setrlsallircleulat;
eiefuture prevention of war,
after expressieg himself srongly
against conscription, he makes the fol-
lowing definite proposal:
"The peace treaty shall provide that
members of the leave bind them-
selves not to go td war with one an-
other; first, without previously sub -
award or recemmendaliori made by
there has been an award by the code.-
leemeer which complies' with the
matting the matter in dispute to the
• council of the leave; maenad, until
ell; end, third, not even then against a
— • 0 '
....0 cott7c.11."
POLISH INVASION.
Germans and Poles Win and
Lose.
61.41.1*
Berlin, Wednesday, Cable.—By the
,Associated Prees.)—It is reported that
Polleh forces have recaptured the vil-
lage of Nakel, northeast of Posen, and
that the city of Bromberg, just to the
Oast ett. Ntatel, is threatened. Ger-
Man troops have recaptured the village
of Kellner, further west.
German aviators from. PranItfort-on-
the-Cider have bombed a flying station
near NEC% Which was -captured by the
Poles on 'Sunday. The Polish author" -
ties have issaed a warning that they
will not be deeposible for the lives of
German citizens if the ettaelt is re-'
peeled.
The inhabitants of 'Melt Imre isatled,
a protest against Polieli Occupation of
German territory.
N.„
ENGLISII ALONE
After Grade (bet i41 6
katchewan Schools.
ALL
Regina, Sask., deal/atoll: Final reed-
ing of the Government amendeastiets
to the School Act, -.actuates the hinge-
atse clone° of the bill, was the fiat
act of the Stzekatchewan Aseenably lif-
ter the ChrietMas vacation
The language Clause provides that
English shall be the sole language of
instruetion itt the public •stehoole of
the privince, and that no language oth,
er than English shall be Wight eltring
school hears, except that French may
be used tee the language a inetrection
for chilereit up to arta incindine grade
One, but not beyond the first year., of a
child's attendance At gehapt, where the
board of any dietrict passes it resolu-
tion to that effect,
Donalsl MacLean, leader of the °pima
salon, called for a division after pre -
stinting an amendment to provide for
Englise as the sole language of in-
strgetion and the only language as it
subject of study. The amendment
was lost, only seven. voting in its fa-
vor, and tbe bill was given its third
reading, and will come into effect on
May 1,
'MAY OW OFF OMSK
If Ally Troops Do Not
Guard Railway.
Krasnoyarsk, SIbenia, Sunday, Jan.
tee Aseeelated Prees.)-eWhen
trains carrying Allied, forces westward
over the, Trens-Siberian railway reaeh,
el this city, situated on the left bank
of the Yeneael River, they found that
Russian troops had boon fighting
against Bolshevists contingent, about
ten miles any to the southward.
Wounded Ruesiene there were givea
tad by Canadian surgeons, and were
brought here.
It was said that unless the railroad
is defended by Allied troops, there la
danger that Omsk will be •cut off from
Vladivostok. There are no- Japanese
west of Irkutsk, A. settlement of the.
controverter between General Semenoff
and Admiral Kolcime is considered of
greatest importance if there is to lie
it concerted campaign against he Bol-
shevists in, Siberia.
CES
Marshal. Haig Tells of the
guse On the Vlavlers
Front. *
BEFORE AMOS
In,1110• Review Qf the Last
1Viont1is of the *eat
War.
11.414,4f,aelbaLCablvee
y i-eltnhto
a isi4raribeaidOvezti- -
tr
-Douglas Haig, conineender-encitiefeet
the British armies on tee western
treat, ie to be published teemorrcrer.
It deals with the •operatioris of bite
British armies from. the en e of April,
1918, when the sttlietion Wee Most
critical, up to the conciuelee of tec
armietice. . •
The docunteeta opens wttit a recital
at the situation iviten the British Alle-
les had Inert forced to giveground be,
lore • the trrendous- Geri:nen on-
sieuelit in t e 'taking oreeasive, and
when the C-erinen forces on the \Veg-
a= front greatly onteumbered tithe()
of the Alliee. The only eourse open
for the Allies ' was th preserve their
front Unbroken wall eurunaer *mad
•bring additional American forces arel
• enatle ;them to recent() Germans en
someteing like it fooling; eie equality.
• By an exhibition .of Wonaeraul te4-
acity, gays the etieument, the, Allied
troops prezereed their 11114;iatact Up,*
•
til July 18—when they did more. 11101.4
Marshal leale viers the' complete aloe
cess of the Allied tounteretteaok en
that date marked the ttireing point in
tee year.* ettmpaign. 'There followed;
he adds; a eoMplete chMige In th
whole it:littera,- situation.
"The Gereattn artnyet Haig conti
nes, "had made ite effort Add fait
Tb.e peeled rerits maxinitita•',strengt
had boort reseed, andthe bulk of tbe.
reserves aecuneiffated (luring the win4-
ter had heenau'sect up, On the oth.
hand, the positioe of the Allies in etteare
gent to tropes bad .greatly improved:.
: • "laresh troops made availlible d
Ing the lato. spring awe the: ,eerly sue&
arer had 'been -incorporated" aad trate-
Tie,..e British eerily Was 'ready to
take the offertedve, while the .Ateerf-
can arMY was ceowtngt tepidly, and
e
'malready given convincing proof et
the hard fighting ceielityeot its sold -
From that time, Field Marshal Hale
says, until the. yieeorious eonclusicin
of the armistice, the Allies•never ,
ed beck: First eatue the onslaughts
erhicb (hove the Germans:from their
carefully' prepared :Pelsittettle, each in
itself ,e.,teeticee ,everit„fitting into the
superb serategi eoneelitederie the Al -
tied high conmaand. Regarding the
preparations for the attack:at Aratens,
- 1111 VIttisi ROT
Driving Bolsheviki From
the Suburbs.
German Troops Aid the
Poles.
Warsaw Cable — Polish advance
vertu: nave • eriven Bolshevik' ad-
vance cuards from .the outskirts of
Vilna. The Bolsb.eviki are reported
te awaiting reinforcements.
During the struggle for,the clvil •
peesessioe of Vilna by the Poles, sev-
eral Bolshevik' agents there are said
to have committed. feticide:0 The Ger- •
man troops in tho city are anxious to
leave, arid are erettibie over their arms
and other supplies to tee Poles, in or-
der to gam it quick passable to Ger-
many by way of Poiend: -The' turn-
ing over of the at -ams to the Poles has
improved their strength. The Polish
fore:: at Viinaals eaid to number 120.-
000.
Polish trooes on Saturday_ gained
control of meet of the tewn of
Bentschen, an important railway junc-
tion, according to the General Anzeig-
en. of Frankfort. .The Germans re-
tired to the railroad station, where
they were bombarded by the Pelee,'
who attempted to capture the Station,
but wore repulsed.
%mace Jan paderewski, who is in
Poland as a repreesntative of Poles, 18.
eyltected to return to WarEtIN to-diy,
front Cracow and to take part in the
formation of rc new MiAlstrea the Soot
ialist Gevernment of General Pilsen -
ski having been weakened somewhat
as the result of the • attempted coup
d'etat,.. Sunday, by the Conservatives,
and -Liberals. Present plans are for
a new el-1nien-7, in which there will be
only threo Socialists. The letinistry
Will have a national character, with
four members from Posen, four from.
Galicia and eleht from Ruseiabe Pole
and,
'
Reporta are that neither the frierids
of Gen. Piludski nor the National Pol.
•ish Commission in Paris will be per-
mitted to rredpixtinate itt the'Cabinet.
, •
BRUTALLY USED
SERB CAriiVES
tf &woo.,
Wornen Flogged Till Backs
Lacerated.
British Prisoners Tell of
Outrages.
London Cable —Reuter Despateh,—
Evidence has been received from Brit-
ish officers who have been prisoners
of War in Bulgaria of cruel treetthent
and tortures which they say the Buie
garians inflict tzpo-n "Serbian prisortera
ana interned civilians. The evidence
shows that the civilians were half dead
from exhauetion, were clothed in rags
and were almost barefooted when they
arrived in 13ulgaria. The interned
eivilians need to visit the British pris-
oner camp in order to collect vege-
(table peelings to eat.
Most of the British ofiicers Witness!.
ed the brutal flogging ot Serbian pris-
oner% They partiettlarly mentioned
the commandant, Ivan Nikolov, who,
himself, erdered the flogging and per -
have ben lenstructed to use their'
Sonally struck priseners Its they lay ole
the ground. Women Were flogged
until their ba.cks were lacerated. In
teveral cases the vietiens died feat:
t hergena rtni ttiesnht °Tref eye rrse
rseitymetirt* that they
protested, but that he Bulgarians ea-.
plied that the victims were aubjeeted
to such treatment beeattee they Were
Serbians. The mortality among the
'Serbians was OF great that they were
• buried walled cofeine and with no
reli`glerea
snt38etinn
rveickt
The spoken of, it is dia..
elared, was continued even atter that
taigning of the Bulgarien arnlistice.
the field fneeebeY
"Instructions of a, detailed char -ea-
ter were; issued, .tte the formations ,
conceetedi eeleulatted te melee It
appear that -a,. British attitint in Flan'
ders wee Imminent. Cate.dian bat-
talions were putt into Thee on the-.
Keinmel 'front, where they were
identified ey the enemy. CorPs
head,suarters were prepared and
easualty • ciearing.t EiCa0021S were
erected in dtacee in this area.
Gre,at activity was maintained by eur
wireless stattons on theePirst Army
front, and arrangements Weee madeete
give the, !repression that negreat con-
eentration of tankeowas Bening place
in the, St. Pea area'. Treitting beep, -
tions, ii whiele- infantryeand tanks
cceopereted; Were 'ebnried oat in the
redion on a, day Whenethe enemy's
longelistence, recotenaiseanee end plio-
tographic mechIne was likely to beet
about to undertake, a large and im-
Worlt behind oar lines. •
eleuirtois- that the British wore
gallant eperaeien eon, the. northern
front quickly ereed. lie the course
or eur eubseneent edvances convincing
eildenee eselie•teitaleett tea these difa
ferent measuree had hailethe desired
effee t, •-end that th ea, etteneae was momen-
tadfle exijectiegto b attacked in
strength 'in 'Minders':"
The Germans were cerdpletely fool-
ed, Field Marshal- Ileifesitys, and in
the earlganuarzinit'erilsteief August. 8
British 'troops ^- caught he surprided
German% and capturedti,000 peseta
„te ee
ers, nearly 400 guns ariel vast quan-
tities .01 -itennueitten. and:stones of all
kite.%
:Pollowieg tbe Vet/mine of the Ger-
man elnee ,on eel parts ,et the battle-
rfelit cattle a--Perlaid tdheilt the fighting
PAS entirely', in the. °pent- except for
such -use as °Geld ie made of villages;
ananaterat weer. -Here accordieg to
tee field marahaI,Biefishecavairy toolt
a woneereuI elm:re-en the operations,
end the only tem of' the enemy was
temporarily to hold tip the advancing
allies ineoraer. te -unravel the tangle
31 theirr foteeddretreatei •
•• • ----
TAKE OVER ;GERMAN TONNAGE.
London Caine —Theellnion States
Greet Britain wad' Italy, -have agreed
upon a plan. for taking laver German
passenger teenage. The plan will be
laid before the German and Allied
Armistice 'Cortunissionsteext Monday.
France is not included. in this plan,
as she got the bulk et the Austrian
passenger tonnage end is willing thAt
the ether three bid for the German
shipping. Representetiveg of the three
countries will submit their plan 10
• the coniell.telene tat See.
In Perliament better difeelays the
quality
Nothing that Cartwright ever (mid
many aohn cioninses.
0
0!his hfilmhissr nattnadekthe
bl;
e ieie
turely method o
referehee to Mr. 3. E. Conlime bio-
graphy of the Conservative leader.
Facing Sir John in the House of
'Coxilmelie he said: "That work was
• couched in chaste and elegant lan-
gUage, and no doubt it -will be very
satisfeetory to the lienoreble gentle.
frientle, eteauee I seteerve trom
it that in all the etets of else honorable
gentlemaree career which- evil -Minded
• persona hat%rnisinterpt-eted, he has
be -en actuated by the pttrest and meet
patriotie Motiees, and has teen isoM0-
tinies allowed his reputation to be
tarresshed for the Metal welfare of
the country, H. is a harpy aseeela-
thee eef and *kat it lamented
friend of mihe eallea tete ieterrial
fitriede Of thintgee that et gentleman
who in his life has done jiststire to so
Many John Collinsee eliould at 'stet
find a JOhn -Conine to do juetice to
eeint Waste, in The
Canadiett Magetitte to Deeeleher,