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►Vcdnestini, Feb. 13th, 1889
THE ETHICS OF ROBERT
BURNS.
. BY UEN. M. M. TILUMBULL,
In Tho Chicago "Open Court."
One of the ,chief tests of a great
man is this, .What was the ethical
result of him 7 What influence dill
he have on social character and
political morality ? Let us apply •
this test fo Robert Burns.
A ferry days ago the birthday of
13ures was honored with Memorial
festivities by all the people of
British lineage throughout the
world. This poet is .greeted on his
birthday with a loving homage such
as has never beet offered to any
o her poet in tills iworld. The ex,
planation of this pre•eniineut popu•
larity is found in the universality_ of
his genius; it embraces all mankind.
A marvellous tiling, when we re•
member that no other poet is, so ine
tensely national as Burns. He was
a Scotchmau in every pulsation of
his heart. He was himself the in-
tellectual Scotland of the 18th cen-
tury; equally so as the Scotland of
the 16th century, was the incarnate
conscience of John Knox. Burns
is the type and model of the Scottish
race in its highest development. No
other man has ever stamped his own
individuality upon the clay of which
his countrymen are made, as Bunds
has impressed his personality upon
all Scotclunen. Their love and ven-
eration for hint spring from'grati-
turte and pride. He has elevated
the standard of them all. He has
added a cubit to the spiritual stature
of every ratan in Scotland, from Mac-
Cellum More in his Highland castle
to the humblest peasant who tends
his sheep upon the mountains.
The chief elements of Barn's pop-
ularity are his lyric genius, his
ardent patriotism, his manly inde-
pendence, and his unselfish love
toward the children of men. "In
ease,'fire, and passion," says Allan
Cunniughain, "he was second to
none but Shakespeare." Ile might
have added that as a lyric poet, as a
national song writer, he was not
excelled nor .equalled by Shakes,
peare nor by any other poet that was
ever born• Burnes had the divine
gift of
music in .such excellence that
he could r tune
put in all the differ-
ent instruments in the great orelies-
tra of man, and force thein to vib•
rat rn harmony. 'Chere are single
sons of his that make the hearts of
all men throb in unison together.
These songs have passed out of the
exclusive ownership of Scotland ;
they have become the -joint property
of. all nations in that nuhlime cont.
ntunism represented
In the parliament of man,
The federation of the world.
knowledge of the divine unity per
•riling all thinfiat void, „lave•'de
- he loty ;c
forupiarisbi a reseed iu
he lip slim lines o =tbat *Ana,.
Only an ogre, il'huur;linnted;