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The Huron Expositor, 1943-06-11, Page 3-,-aaaarsaaran 1,•1 • 0 a „con rederationt (COlatinlied *OM ra,*9 2y 246-6 formula, may be use The. bornoaa used will depend On the 4I teat, if commercial fertilizer is not used, btarlaYard manure 'should •be applied ithe rate of about 20 tons per acre; Shearer: How about the avaalabit- I0 of turnip seed this Pring and what varieties would you recommend, J. J.? J. J. J.: Varieties recommended are: Registered Laurentian and Pur- ple King. It would be well to pun; chase your seed early to avoid dis- appointment. Present seed stocks of these varieties were -thought to be sufficient for local requirements but l*he 'demand has been very brisk. J. J. J.: How about time and rate of seeding turnips,: Jim? ..Shearer: It will require about 1 pound of good seed to plant an acre, and best results will be obtained when iarge seed of high Vitality is used. In a Eve -year experiment in which a aemnarison was made of the use of large and small 'seed of the same varieties, the average yield per acre from the large seed was about 80 per cent. higher than that from the, small seed. Experiments extending over several years in sowing seed on the levelas comparea with sowing it on ridges showed that the yield of roots was about 40 .bushels per acre greater from seeding on .the level. Qn some spas it may be better to sow on ridg- , 2 cups flout; 4 tsp. Magic Baking Powder; tsp. salt 1 tbsp. burter; tbsp. lard;' cup cold rank, or half milk and halfwater • •, Sift flour, baking powder and salt. Cut in the chilled short- ening. Now add the chilled liquid to make soft dough. Toss dough on to a floured board and do not handle more than is necessary. Roll out biscuit dough and sprinkle generously with grated cheese. Roll up like a jelly roll and cut into one -inch slices. Brush over with milk. Oven 400°F. — Time 12-15 nainutes iA'ADE IN CANADA -44404'' beggr. the fieed iff Ora. - Th tinie Of Seeding is IMPorlant, Hxteuslie experitnellta 40it the 04.0 italre Shown that be 'highest yields earrespond to 'the 'earliest datea *of seeding -but very ,early seeding has a tendency to produce roots of lower quality. Considering both cinality and Yield, June 1st to 15th is about the best' seeding period for Huron. Sow ing after June 15th Usually results in lower yields. Fertility and Moisture conditions largely regulate the distance apart of the rows in which rutabagas should be planted. ,Under average conditions TOWS are from 24 to 28 inches apart: There should not be more than one inch of soil covering the seed. Shearer: Would you outline how turnips. are handled, from the time they leave the field until they reach the consumeras table? J. J. J.: Shipping turnips must be carefully handled in harvesting and storing.' Hand lifting and topping is recommended where possible. If top- ping with a hoe, care must be •taken to cut well above the body of the tun aip. Under no circumstances should shipping turnips be harrowed out, or forked, or otherwise cut or bruised. Care in hauling and storing is also essential, to assure delivery of good marketable turnips. For shipping plain, the turnips ate properly trim- med, graded and bagged. For 'Waled stock, turnips are also washed, then dried and dipped in paraffin wax, which preserves the turnips and makes a very attractive product. Packed in new branded bags contain- ing 50 pounds, shipment is made most- ly by refrigerator car to markets in all of the East, Central and Southern United -States. There is also an in- creased demand for this waxed pro- duct right on our own Canadian food markets. Mbdernmechanized waxing plants 'are located at Blyth and Exe- ter. J. J. J.: Who are the turnip deal- ers of Huron County? Shealer: Well, J. J., as I stated `at the beginning, Blyth and Exeter are the main turnip sections of Huron County at the present tfine. Russell Dougherty, of Blyth; Seth' Winer, of Exeter; Canada Packers at Exeter and Clinton, and Wm. ,Welsh, of Exe- ter, are the old • established dealers. However, this year there is the -Pos- sibility of a portion of our shipping turnips being dehydrated for the armed forces by Canadian Canners, Exeter, and Libby, McNeil and Libby, of Chatham. • Shearer: Outline the inspection service -of the Dominion Department of Agriculture to protect the shipping turnip business. J. J. J.: The shipping turnip in- dustry has been built up on the grade quality- of our Canadian' product, 'and there has been close co-operation be- tween inspectors, growers and ship- pers. Since inauguration of grading and certification of shipments the ex- port turnip business has increased four fold. The total export move- ment from Western Ontario last sea - ton totalled 2,180,700.. bushels of which 49 per cent was shipped waxed. It required 2,834 refrigerator oars and 304 trucks to haul this record volume to United States markets. Inspection services are available at -all shipping centres and our inspectors are glad to provide interested eal'aies with full information. J. j. J.: How about the advisabil- ity of increasing the acreage this year due to the late spring and the inability of farmers to get " oats and barley seeded at the proper time? Shearer: Decidedly, J. J. Turnips 100 at M..20. /Va. Ages 17 - 18 years, who have completed Public School or better, to— Learn a Trade in the Canadian Active Army •,10. These selected young soldiers will be given a three months' qualifying course consisting of the follow- ing subjects: English Mathematics General Science Current Affairs Draughting Metal Work Woodwork Electricity - Motor Mechanics During tl41§ time allocation will 6e -made for Trades Training in the following Geniral Trades Groups: ELECTRICAL AUTOMOTIVE MACHINIST DRAUGHTING and SURVEY CLERICAL • For full information and application fqrms", apply to the army recruiting stations at— WINDSOR - OUELLETTE AVE., AT THE TUNNEL KITcHENER CITY HALL SQUARE LONDON 379 RICHMOND STREET or contact the 'Mobile Recruiting Unit in your locality. , . I ":,"'", ',7777:1:77•77•777,77, MOIRMISalli414.110.141140.1P..6, • This looks like a normal Greek boy, but he is not. His whole body is swollen from lack of food and he holds onto his pail in the hope that he might find some scraps to help redirce the swelling. If Canadians support the Greek War Relief Fund -campaign, now in pro- gress, large supplies of food, medicines, etc.., will continue to be sent to the Greeks from Canada. 11R10.1.411..4.41,141,1'.1.`^ P.`"WIX04,11411140.0.F.10.1,..- '44.066414:11.014 are an attractive proposition at the present tithe. Not only is 'there plen- ty of time to seed them,' but the prio- es for 1943 appear 'most promising. We 'have the soil and the clianatie cpralitions in Heron County to pro- duce high quality Swede table tur- nips. We have the outlets for the crop at .Blyth and Exeter already and perhaps this fall, other leading points will be established. Shearer: What other remarks pertinent to the shipping turnip busi- ness that may be 'of .interest to the farmers of Huron County? J. J. J.: Huron County soil is ex- ceptionally well adapted to the pro- duction of good yields of fine quality table turnips. Last year yields ,rang- ed from, 500 to 1,000 ibushels per acre with an average yield of saleable tur- nips estimated at 600 bushels per acre. _Prices to the growers ranged from 20c to $1.00 per bushel, or an average of about 30c. Growers gen- erally are making some money out of turnips, and a sizeable production this year will be a very valuable -con- tribution to the food stocks ,of Can- ada and the United States. * * * GROWING GRASS TO COW'S TASTE • Whether' grazed or cured ' as bay, grasses are more palatable and nu- tritious when their fibre cdntent ia low. This' Means management of'the grazing and cutting of the hay crop before it becomes too mature and fibrous. If under -stocked pastures get out of control arid the grasaes be- come so tall and woody that stock avoid them, the.-anower should be run over the field. Young. succulent shoots will then spring from the roots. During the flush of grass in June it is often desirable ,to reserve a por- tion of the pasture land for hay, take an early crop and graze the after - Math. The composition and palatability of grasses was tla., subject of an ibter- esting study begun at the Massa- chusetss agricultural experiment sta- tion in 1931. The grasses selected for the test were Kentucky bluegrass, orchard grass, redtop, tiniethy, Rhode Island bent, sheep fescue and sweet vernal grasa There were also two legumes: white Dutch clover and Ladino clover. Two areas were used in the trials, one for determining com- position of the grasses, the other for the palatability tests. A high state of fertility- was maintained by the ap- plication of a suitable fertilizer in the spring of 1931, 1935 and 1936. Samples of. the • herbage were an- alyzed monthly during the season, and assays of the vitamin A (caro- teae) content were made on all :the grasses. Very slight variations in the nitrogen or,. protein content of • the grasses were found. The clovers' were naturally higher in this constit- uent. Orchard grass was highest- in phosphorus, possibly because this grass may 'be able to utilize large quantities, of the element when it is abundantly available in the soil. The clovers, being higher in moisture con- tent, were the most Succulent. Next in order stood sweet vernal grass, orchard grass and timothy. The manner of conducting the pal- atability tests was to "clock" the time the cows spent in grazing on each individual plot in the series. rh this respect timothy was given defin- ite preference, while Kentucky blue- - • grisa proved inferior to all except sheeP fescue which was almost en,- tirely neglected. In general the cows preferred grasses low in -fibre but high in carotene and moisture. It is significant that timothy abasesses these qualities in the highest avegree, especially in carotene content: The popular -esteem in which timothy has been held for so long is fully justified by these 'discloSures. Fruits Put Up Without Sugar Less sugar available for canning this summer neer not result in empty sealersvacant. shelves and wasted fruit, -for all fruit ca, be successfully canned without sugar. DirectiOnS for sugarTeSs, canning as well as for canning. by. the usual methods are contained in the new bulletin published by the Consumer Section of the Dothinioa. Department of Agriculture. Directions for mak- ing jam apd pelly within the wartime sugar allowance are also included: Every woman who plans to can this summer, whether she be experienced at ' new at the pob, should have a copy of this bulletin. It may be ob- tained by writing to Publicity and 'Ex- tension Division, Dominion Depart- ment of Agriculture, Ottawa. In all, casts where fruitaia.canned without sugar, fiveminutes extra sterilization time should be 'allowed. Strawberries,raspberries, cherries, blueberries, currants, plums and rhu- barb clan be packed into ,steriliZed sealers and crushed until the juice overflows. They are then partially sealed and sterilized. An alternative method, used for pears, peaches and apricots, is to pack the fruit into ster- ilized sealers, then fill the sealers with .boiling Water instead of syrup, partially seal and sterilize. 'There's no need to be discoUraged if the children .come home with their berry pails filieti and you find your- self without the needed "sugar. Can. the fruit the sug2rless way. Be sure to label the jars "n� sugar.", This fruit makes wonderful pies and • pud- dings andwhen' you have to take sugar from the family . ration to sweeten ibe fruit as you use it re- member—you'd have to use sugar anyway to make another desert! Poison Ivy May Spoil a Picnic POison ivy is one of the worst vege- table poisons in North America, and. is to be found growing under a varie- ty of conditions, wet or dry, shaded or exposed, and in any sort of soil from pure sand or rocky ground to rich woods or fields. While widely distributed across Canada, complaints of poisoning are most numerous from Ontario and the adjacent parts, of Quebec, especially from the wooded lake and highland regions so attrac- tive to campers and picnickers. ' Eaperienced picnickers in preparing the outfit for the day take the pre- caution to include a pieceof strong laundry soap. Many remedies have been suggested to allay the- burning and irritation caused by coming in contact with poison ivy, but one of the simplest is immediate washing of the parts affected with strong laun- dry soap. _ Poison ivy has many guises. It may readily be confused at first sight with 'Virginia creeper. However, t h e leaves of the Virginia creeper appear in leaflets of five. The leaves ef Poison ivy are borne alternately on the stem inthrees, similar to the strawberry leaf. In early summer, poison ivy has a whitish flower on a r-rpen Yawl:a:a:end: the Virginia creep - his elustey,. of blue fruit on red stalks. Full information may be found in publication No. 564,„"Poison Ivy," and may be obtained by writing to Dominion Department of Agricul- ture, Ottawa. He: "I wonder why we never Man- age to save anything?" She: "It's the 'neighbors, dear; theytae alWays doing something we met affordr (Roptinged- room seeding. They are the 400004 „Some' require only. one or two days 'to finish. Others, IPIXOsle lands, are low, haven't even started. Thero,Chas been much switching pr eeedorands and of 9ops to meet 00 unusual eon- ditioras.. However, one fact atanda out above all others, the acreage of spring 'grains will be away down and the harvest accoadingiY light. Hay promises to be a bumper crop. ' Th•e farmers are not -saying much; it is impossible to predict the unpredict- able, with Jupite? Pluvius 'behaving as he has' been. Even at- that, Huron is said to be in much better condi- tion than inost -Western Ontario coma' tie.--Goderich Sinal -Star. Stoker Brawn Down At Factory Hindered by rains in their attempt to erect a new faotory M time for the early pea pack, the Exeter fac- tory of the Canadian Canners suffer- ed a further set -back during the sev- ere *windstorm that passed over this district Tuesday afternoon. The large steel stacker, used for carrying the pea straw from the viners to the stack, weighing many tons, was ,blown down and badly wrecked., It will take several weeks to repair it. Work on the new building has been progress- ing favorably during the past week. —Exeter Times -Advocate. ' His Foot Slipped Harold Taylor has been discharged from Alexandra Hospital aiid is con- valescing from head inairiesreceived in ,an unusual accident in the 'Yard of the Goderich Lumber Co. He was clim-bing the side of a lumber pile to reach the' top when bis foot slipped halc) way up. He' reached up to grab a loose plank and at the same time fell to the ground, pulling the plank down on his head. Several extensive lacerations were opened, but other- wise there are to ill effects.—Gode- rich Signal -Star. Cows Electrocuted Entering Barn The fact that they were wearing rubber boots probably saved Robert Laidlaw and Lloyd Cook of town from receiving a severe electrick shock or worse. Mr. Thomas, ThomPSen, a short distance from Ripley,called them to salvage a cow which had' died in the doorway of his barn. When they arrived .they asked him to remove the cow with his horse to an- other location, so that they could but- cher. the animal with greater conven- ience. Mr. Thompson informed them that the ,horses -would • not go near that door: Previously another cow bad died there anal IA lUM1 tiiO an- imal away the horses had anted very wlld, in fact him' era*, beas'ss 80 much so that he could not CMItrol them. Mr. Laidlaw and Lloyd then butchere the cow where it was but Lloyd received a shock. They then discovered that the cows had been electrocuted. The switch was turned off and they finished theia. work. The rubber boots they-tWere wearing no doubt did them a good turn.----ViPing- ham Advance -Times. Some Facts About Weeds Control and, if ,possible, complete eradication is the farmer's chief in- terest in weeds, but some knowledge of them 'is essential to attain these ends. It should be known, not mere- ly that weeds are present, but what they theY are; what harm they do; and how; how each is vulnerable to attack; and what adaptations of agri- cultural or other practice will best' meet the situatioh. Agriculture has been defined as "a controversy with weeds." This is more than metaphorical language. As restricted to the meaning of field cul- tivation, agriculture is, recognized in- creasingly as largely the provision for crops of a weed -free environment. It has been demonstrated by experi- ment in. the American, corn belt that, apart from the object of weed control cultivation, of .a crop, of earn beyond the preparation of -a seed -bed could be often almost dispensed with. 'The man, horse -labour, ' and equipment costs incurred in the "controversy" are an amazingly large proportion of the total cost of crop produetion. In fighting weeds, it' is as true as anywhere, that prevention 15better than„erea--,Preventioi1 attends close- ly upon other successful farming practice. When a farmer starts to work on, well drained fields,- as early as they are fit for cultivation, and sows plump seed of adapted varietieswhile, the needed moisture is still .an this well prepared seed -bed, the conditions will have been provided .for a vigorong growth of the crop ahead of any corn- eria tanner become ,hreeder of Nve to1ie apother ipli*O*6 407,1*qs.1i!/' during a variety of emure and eulto.ro".' cutting m the asase' $)f-•ItaFia vatiosi in the ease Of entn or' tO weeds are prevented Irma seeds. Systematic rotation, &Iv fields regularly the :',O.dvantege.', cleaning, follows iogieauy. harvest tillage and slning IMePtOK1.4*.":" for late sown crops dispeoee with any necessity for itheafalla slimmer fallows, and rediteklkid* to a Minimum. "- When every advantage Nae taken of agricultural "aanitary" Maes: sures, enough problems still remalw Why resort to bare fellows (unlessia dry land grain farming), cheaalealir mulches, and similar resource4r foz special occasions, While room re- mains to improve agricaltUral prae- tice? , For practical advice regarding" these elementary principles of ,'weed • control the. Field Husbandry iXvisdeM Central Experimental Farm, OttgiWa; may be consulted. The Divisientof Botany, Dominion Department of riculture, Ottawa, can also ferquently through its "ease" work with Indi- vidual species Mackay how to suit the action to the weed. r`r UNUSED STEELDRUMS Farmers who are keeping,uxtutted steel oil drums en their farms are holding back some 80 pounds of metal in each instance. This steel could go into the making of tanks, planes, ear° other muchneede,d` war weapons. The Wartime Prices and Trade Board, suggests that every drum that is Iy- ing around farm yards: should be - turned into the neareseoll dealer Im- mediately. Yee RON TWA &MV" OGDEN ST CIGARETTE TOBACCO FAT 15 AMMUNITION! Fut and bone conservation begins at home and ends in the firing line DO YOU KNOW - One pound of fat supplies enough glycerine to .fire 150 bullets from a Bren gun. Two pounds of fat will fire a burst of 20 cannon shells - from a Spitfire or 10 anti- airdaft shells. Bones -produce fat and aircraft glue. lf we saved fat at the rate of one ounce per person per week this would mean 36,000,000 pounds per, year, enough to produce 3,600,000 pounds of glycerine for explosives. • OUR FIGHTERS DEPEND ON YOU "Every householder who delivers to a retail' butcher, collector, or Salvage Committee, any rendered or unrendered fats or bones shall be entitled to receive from the person to whom they are delivered 4 cents per pound net 'weight for rendered fats, and 1 cent per pound for unrendered fat." • The oboye paragraph is 0 direct quotation from Order A-642 of The (s -Sir Wartime Prices and Trade Board. "Rendered fat" means fat melted down and strained to removesolid matter. It includes drippings arid strained pan grease resulting from the cooking.of meat.- "Unrendered fat" means raw or partially cooked fat free from lean meat and bone, but not; fully rendered. "Bones" means raw or cooked bones of cattle, sheep and hogs. EVERY OUNCE COUNTS ! SAVE AND STRAIN EVERY DROP TO SPEED VICTORY. SELL 1T TO YOUR BUTCHER OR GIVE IT TO YOUR, SALVAGE COMMITTEE. L NOTICE TO BUTCHERS, HOTELS, ETC. You have been mailed a copy of Order A-642. This Order affects operators of hotels, restaurants and other establishments where meals ore served. It is of immediate importance to butchers and slough- terers. If your copy has been lost, you can obtain another from the Nearest office of The Wartime Prices and Trade Board. '