The Huron Expositor, 1932-07-01, Page 6LFJ
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Of Interest to the Farmer
New Merchandising Idea Reported
by J. A. Carroll.
J. A. Carroll, secretary, Ontario
Markertring Board, whose study of
markets and marketing took him to
Detroit recently, has repor4ed, a new
type of merchandising,
Mr. Carroll observed that eight
retail markets had been opened
undert such names as "packers'
warehouse" and "canners' ware-
house." These markets are not in
" any way elaborate, and personnel
is cut to a minimum, consisting in
most cases of a cashier and a limit-
ed number of clerks who act as
gu'.ides. Business is condected en-
tirely on a self -serve basis. ''It was
pointed out le nie," said Mr. Car-
roll, "that this 'warehouse' idea was
designed to give the consumer tyre
greatest amount of high quality
food for the most reasonable price.
This, of course, would be 'effected
through the media of buying direct
from producers in carload lots;
POPULAR STALLIONS
LETANNA S.
Trotting race record 2.061/4; half in 1.01%.
Sired by Unko 2.1111. Dam Letha S. 2.091/4.
Will stand for season of 1912 at his own
barn, Brussels, Ontario, at $20 to insure a
mare in foal. .
Letanna S. is a smooth, thick horse with
a beautiful head and neck, the best of feet
and legs and the best disposition possible
in a stallion. He stands 15?%, hands; is dark
brown in color, and weighs,about 1150 pounds,
and without a doubt is one of the best stan-
dard bred trotting stallions standing, in On-
tario at the present time.
Any further information gladly forwarded.
E. G. PLUM.
Brussels, Ont.
The Pure Bred Canadian Clydesdale Stallion
MONCRIEFFE PRINCE
[24368]
Approved I
Monday—Widal leave the Commercial Stables,
Hensel] and go west to Parr Line and north
to John Forrest's, for noon; then to C. Stev-
enson's, for night. Tuesday.—West bi' aide
road to Goshen Line to Orval McClinchey's,
for noon; then east to Elmer Webster's, for
night. Wednesday.—North on 4th Concession
to McFarlane's corner, then east to Ed.
Ctenn's, on side concesion, for noon; and
south to William McKenzie's, for night.
Thursday.—South to.,. Robert Munn's, Hay
Township, for noon ; and east to London Road
to Hensel] for night. Friday.—By Landon
Road to 2nd CAncession, to George Arm-
strongs, for noon; then to Hensall, for
night.
Terms --310.00 to insure.
ROBERT D. MURDOCK,
Proprietor.
William Luker. Manager.
The Premium Clydesda'le Stallion
•FAVOURITE AGAIN
(24337)
Enrolment No. 1961 Form A 1
onday Afternoon—Will leave his own
stable. Brucefield, and go south to Kippen by
Landon Road 'to Al. Harvey's, for night-
Tuesday.—To Second Concession, of Tucker -
smith; south 114- miles, then east to 16th con-
cession to Angus McKinnon's, for noon: then
east to Ken. McKellar's, for night. Wednes-
day. ---East to Town Line, then north 114
miles to Lloyd's Colquhoun's for noon; then by
Staffa, to William Patrick's, for night.
Thursday,—North 114 miles to 7th Concession
to Coyne Bnos., for noon; then west to Hoist.
Doig's, for night. Friday.—West to Gem-
mell's corner, then north to Mild Road t5
Ceorge McCartney's, for noon; them east bo
MvLeAdam's side concession. and north to
Qarnochan Bros., for night. Saturday.—By
way of Broadfoot's bridge to Mill Road to
own stable.
Terms—Terms to insure, 513.00,
R. D. •MURDOCK,
Proprietor & Manager.' '•
The Pure Bred Imported and Premium
Percheron Stallion
RAVEN
[12804]
Form A 1
Commencing Monday, May 30th, will travel
-practically the same route as last season.
JOHN LIVINGSTON.
Proprietor and Manager.
The Pure Bred Imported and Premium
Pereheron Stallion,
RAVEN
[12804]
Enrolment No. 2200 Approved Form A 1
Monday—Will leave his own stable, Sbaffu,
and go south 2'4 miles to the 13th Conces-
sion, and east 214 miles to Hugh Dalrymplo,
for noon; then north 21.E and west 21:, miles
to Staffa to hjs•`bwn stable for night. Tues-
day.—West 66 the 8th Concession five miles,
and north to Montgomery Patrick's, for noon;
then north by, way of Sproat's Brick Yard
to, Ivy Hendersons. McKillop, for night.
Wednesday.—East 114 miles and north 2%
miles to Perm Little's, for noon : then by
way of 'Leadbury and then east to Isaac
McGavin's, far night. Thursday.—East and
south to Frank Johnston's. for noon; thee
east 11!1 miles and north 1'1,4. miles and eazt
to the Logan Town -Line and south to Ed,
Rose's, for night. Friday. --South 1l, milia
and west 14 miles and south to John Walsh's
for noon; then south 3 1i miles and, east 21,4
miles to Gray Bros., 4th Concession of Hib-
bert, for night. Saturday -South 114 miles
and west 21 mile+ and south to Staffs by
way of Centre Road to his own stable, where
he wild remain until the following Monday
morning.
Terms -413.00. to insure, payable February
1st, 1933.
LIVINGSTONE & TEMPI.EM.AN, Proprietors.
John Livingstone, ,Manager.
VALIANT GUY
37101 Can. No. 4070
Approved Form 1 dnterira--Cert.
Will stand this season at his na•n stable,
Brucefleld, for a limited number of mares and
until further notice.
Valient Guy, trotter; brown colt; foaled
March 31, 1924. Standard and Registered.
Bred by Walnut HAL,Farm. Donerail, U.S.A.,
is a son dE the great Guy Axworthy 2.0851.
His sire is the greatest producer of trotters
living or dead, having put four 2 minute
trotters on the Hat, and has 282 to his credit
in the list to -day. Dam, Lady Oralin, 2.16.
Terms --Standard bred registered mares,
$20; grade mares, 512.
WILLIAM BERRY,
Proprietor and Manager.
The Imported and Premium Belgian Draft
Stallion
DE HEMEL
Canadian No, 4369 American No. 15500
Form A 1 Enrolment No. 2666
WUII stand for the improvement of stock
•!hu'S Beason as follows: Monday—Will leave
his own stable, 1 mile north of HensaUl, and
go, west I1/., miles and 114 mlies south to
Zuriclh road, then west to Warn Pybus' for
noon; 'Mien north by way of Parr Line to
Harvey ,Gpi'emmn'9, far night. Tuesday.—
N'orlth 60 Logan's corner, west 11/4 miles to
Wlilliam Hayter'a, for noon; thence north to
Hayfield Road and east to Aliiei=f' Horner's,
for night Wednesday.—By way of Beyfiel•1
Road to second concession, thence south
moles to Fred Rathweul's. for noon; thence
south and east to his own stable for night.
Thursday—asst to William Brintnel•I'a, • for
noon; then north 114 miles to 10th conces-
sion and west 114 miles on 10th, hence north
2% miles to Louis Gormley's, for night. Fri-
dalq.'-.lEast 11/Mson,files, north 11/4 males and
West. :to. Ahex. Weui+la'ce's, tor noon; thence
south and west (Po I il. 'S3ir`7rat'e, for night,
s,aturdaq. »a9 *ay of Second Concession to
Itis 'oen stable for molt where he will re -
omen until the following Monday morning.
forms.- x$14.00 4o insure,, payable xebivaty
Ax
83. If , .1, $1.00 *iill beaid i before br the tat of
MaRltt'S & 611,1ILLI0,
Aivin Workmen, Martsger.
eliminating the usual retail store fix-
tures and decoration, except those
which are absolutely essential; and
reducing' the amount of help to the
lowest, efficient degree.
"One firth informed me," he went
on, "that if its first warehouse prov-
ed successful no hesitancy would be
shown in establishing a chain of these
Shopping centres."
These warehouses have been in-
stalled in vacant buldings, conven-
iently located on bus and trolley
routes. For shoppers who arrive in
private cars, ample free parking
space is provided. W'hile this scheme
was first tried in Detroit, a few
months ago, it has now spread to
several other American cities.
, A Turkey Club.
The latest in clubs for farmboys
and girls is a Turkey Club operat-
ing in Norfolk County under aus-
pices of the Simlcoe Rotary Club
in'eco-operation with the local agri=
cultural -representative, F. C. Pat-
erson:, Each Rotarian has furnish-
ed a boy or girl with five young tur-
keys.,° Instructions for raising them
are given by .the Department. Next
fall each Rotarian will receive one
full-grown turkey as the return ori
his investment. The aim is to inter-
est Norfolk boys and girls in turkey
raising and to improve the breed of
turkeys in this county.
Turkey, 'breeding is not the difficult
undertaking that - is generally sup-
posed when the breeding stock and
poults are properly handled. Es-
sentials to success in turkey breed-
ing are; clean soil, mature stock for
breeding, free range and above all,
the keeping of the turkey flock away
from other' barnyard fowls,
Farm Labor.
The following report from the re-
presentative in North Simcoe is
rather significant: "In spite of doz-
ens of men passing through Barrie
daily, it has not always been easy
to secure men to fill applications, for
farm eel):- A percentage oft this
floating labor population is, •of course,
not wel qualified for farm work, but
on the other hand few of those with
experience are willing to accept fari•i
work at the general. rate of $15 pee
month,"
Chemical Weed Killers.
Farmers, gardeners and others
are looking foran easy and effective
way of destroying small patches of
perennial weeds. --
The Department of Botany at the
10. P,i. C has been experimenting
with chemical weed killers for „the
past four years. The results obtain-
ed from iirelse experiments would
warrant making the following state-
ments regarding the destruction of
small patches of weeds.
'Field Bindweed and Twitch, Grass
may be killed by three applications
of Atlacide, Weed Cop or Sodium
Chlorate. The strengths required
are 1 pound per gallon of water of
Atlacide or Weed Coe per 100 square
feet, or 1 pound per gallon of water
of Sodium Chlorate per 400 square
feet. The first application should be
given when the weeds are in full
bloom, the second three weeks later,
and the third a month later.
Blue -weed and Burdock can be
killed by one application of Sodium
Chlorate at the rate of eight ounces
per gallon of water p'er 400 :quare
feet and by one application of Atla-
cide or Weed Cop at the rate of one
pound per gallon of water per 100
square feet.
Poison Ivy may be killed with one
or two applications of Atlacide or
Weed 'Cop at the rate of 1 pound
per gallon of water per 100 square
feet. The first application may be
made as soon as •the plant leafs out,
and a second spraying with the solu-
tion given if the plants begin to leaf
out again in three or four weeks'
time.
Perennial Sow Thistle may be de-
stroyed by two or three applications
of Atlacide or Weed Cop, the rate
of application being 2 pounds per
gallon of water per 100 square feet.
The first application should be given
just as the thistle commences to
bloom, the secokrd three weeks later,
and if -new growth appears, another
application of the same strength
should be given.
Ox -eye Daisy and Wild -Carrot may
be destroyed by one application of
Atlacide or Weed Cop at the rate of
1 pound per gallon of water per 104•
square feet, and by one application
of eodiusm, chlorate at the rate of 1
pound per gallon of water per 401)
square feet. The applications should
be made just as these weede..aze,com-
ing into flower.
Sodium Chlorate is one of our best
and cheapest chemical weed killer's.
Its use, howevere cannot be recom-
mended unreservedly because of the
danger of fire in handling it.
Little Dramas From
The "Big House"
I have always had admiration for
the old philosopher who suggested
that if you we+ald make e friend elf
a don rnrous man ha 'r. hi ,:1 do you d
favor, At Sing Sine I have Pic! it
cut, often with most satisfactory re-
sults. In the simmer of 1929 1 re-
ceived an unsigned letter of_ warning,
to the effect that the recent mots in
other State prisons would be mere
picnic compared to what' would soon
happen in Sing Sing. I summoned
the prison guards. They were pre-
pared; •but one of them was 'honest
enough to confess that while working
with a road gang he had lost his gen.
When a guard in charge of convicts
luxes his gun, there 'is an tro+mediate
threat.It was time to think and
think hard; to think of some way to
get that gun. A catreiles of the pris-
on ---o£ that road gangs—would be a
joke. Only hard, determined risen
would have the ,gun or know who had
it; and that kind' never talk. No-
body could help hue much. A public
plea to the 'prisoners would be poor
business—a confession of weakness.
There was only one thing to da. 1
summoned a former gang 'leader, a
man wiith Many bullet manes on him
and in him', a veteran of innumerable
street fights. Hie was in for man -
daughter and had become a power
among the prsoners,
"There is 'a gun loose," I said.
*You know what that means. Of
course, if anybody want a fight, it
will come—i-f We to be to the last
guard, including me. I want • that
gun.q
"You're on the square, Warden?"
asked the gang leader. "If you get
that gun) -no questions asked?"
"None," I assured him.
The »gun was placed on my desk
within a_. n hour.
Some ,prisoners have a peculiar
sense of honor that leads to strange
situations. 1 •leave often beep tried,
mentally and spiritually, in seeking
to iron out their twisted thoughts
and ideals. But occasionally, we are
able • to reclaim some -of the danger-
ous types—the cynical, resentful and
selfish men.
Once, among the prisoners up -
fore the Parole Board for Christmas
releases, there was a big brute of a
fellow, as tough as any that New
York has prodeced. In for robbery
and atrocious assault, he was the
type whose premature release can
become a great embarrassment. I
haslet() give this man the bete news
that the Parole Board had refused
his plea. I have seen few eights more
terrible ;than the working of that
mans farce. He was mad clean
through. I let him, brood over it for
a day. Then I sent- for him again. I
gave ,him a cigar to smoke and rea-
soned with him, pointing out that at
the next monthly meeting of the
Board I should urge favorable con-
sideration of Ms case.
"Here," I said finally, "is a Christ-
mas box for you."
Like many of the !utterly hard
boiled, he had a soft spot for a com-
mon law wife and two children. The
Christmas box e, gave him contained
candy and pastry '"sent by this
woman. It had been carefully ex-
amined for contraband—dope, drink
or blades or tools of any kind.
He took the .box, shook my hand
and thanked me. Later that evening,
asking to see me again, he brought
the box I passed to him that morn-
ing.
"I'd like to give you a Christmas
present, Warden," he said sheepishly,
although there was a meapingflli
glitter in his eye. We parl'iecl; but it
ended by my accepting the gift. This
was shortly afterwards opened by
my Tittle daughter. Beneath a row
of doughnuts and e'andy, there lay
my Christmas gift from him --a .38
caliber pistol. I- have never received
a present more gratefully. If this
manhad been put on the rack he
would not have revealed how that
gun came into his possession in 'Sing
Sing. But he had absolved .himself
by surndering it. I went ttlropgh
with- -my .promise to urge his parole,
. and he got it. .He is meeting its con-
ditions—and every Christmas brings
mea greeting from him.
Notinfrequently I have found
that the gesture of, trust will bring
its• return in honor` and faith. Sante
years ago we had among OUT prison-
ers a long termer, considered one of
the really dangetous men of the pris-
on. He had spent many years be-
hind the walls, the best years of his
life. His institutions reoord was
bad. Escapes and violations of rules
filled every inch of his card. He was
a typical bad man. We were very
careful with him.
One day word came of the death of
his mother:' Under the rules he could
be sent down to the funeral, if, in the
judgment of the warden, it was safe.
The prisoner was anxious to go. I
hesitated to take a chance with his
type, and told him so frankly. I ex•
plained the situation at length.
"Warden," he said when I had
finished, "you have my word that
nothing will happen. I will not make
any trouble for you. Do this for me
and you won't regret it" •
I did not give him a definite an-
swer, but told him that I would let
him know in the morning. Early the
next day I sent for him. He came in
tow of an officer.
"All right, offr(cele" I told the
guard, "leave hint with me."
Just then a member of my house-
hold, a woman, came in. "I'm ready,
if you are," she smiled to the pris-
oner, the had man, "Let's go, the
car is wanting."
The prisoner looked at me, then at
her. He seemed dazed—unable to
move. I motioned to him to go, and
he left my offvice as docile a_ man as I
had ever seen. His right arm hung
limply. Its wrist was familiar with
the pinch of handcuffs. They were
not in evidence, nor was any prison
official.
Late that afternoon the prisoner
and his woman guard returned. He
said nothing. But I am sure tnat his
day's experience influenced that
prisoner's whole outlook on life. Not
long therafter he was recommended
for a responsible • job which he has
held and filled to our every satisfac-
tion.
'One case of a twisted sense , of
honor caused me no end of worry and
grief. It involved a trusted clerk,'e
young man with only a short time
left to complete ,his term. A capable
worker, he had 'received high intelii •
genre rating from our psychiatric
,department. But he became ac-
quainted with several long termers
Who boasted spectacular reoords..and
they worked on his imagination. Tr,
him they were the .perfect "dyad"
men, daring, brave and true; and
they used him for their ulterior pm.. -
.pines in perfecting plans for an es=
ca]4e,
OnL evening as I sat with guests
at dinner shot cracked through the
prison. Trusties, house servants,
stepped quickly and quietly to their
posts to prct the women in, the
h,use. A guard dashed in.
"Pour men With glans in 'A' Block,"
he blurted,- "They rushed the keep-
ers, axil are shooting their way out."
In a few Moments our faeces .were
organized. The four desperate pri'e-
aners were 'rounded up. Shot, were
exchanged'. Several of 'the prisoners
were wounded. One of them, realiz-
ing the hopelessneee ' of their situae
tion, committed suicide. Tear gal
bombs ended the ''battle,
•
Famous Vegetable
Pills Make Short
Work o Indigestion
"After the first dose I was made aware
of their very real tonic value," writes
Miss M. "1 was troubled with Indi-
gestion and Sick Headaches."
Because' they are PURELY VEGE-
TABLE, a gentle, effective tonic to
both liver and bowels, Dr. Carter's
Little Liver Pills are without equal f or
correcting Constipation, Acidity, Bil-
iousness, Headaches, and Poor Com-
plexion. 75c. and 75c. red packages:-
Sold
ackages:Sold everywhere. Always ask fpr them
BY NAME.
Serious as this event was. more
interesting to me was the fact that
m1,y trusted young clerk had joined in
the plot. Had that prisoner wanted
to, he could have,picked a much eas-
ier way to escape. He could have
walked out alone, 'without the aid of
conspirators. And without a gun.
He stood before me late that night.
He was bleeding from severe wounds.
His most intimate friend lay dead in
the prison morgue.
"What surprises me is that you
could have walked ' out without all
thas.,fuss and trouble,' 1 toll him.
'°Why didn't you take advantage of
iit, instead of risking your life and
those of the other men?"
He looked me straight in the eye.
"I couldn't violate a trust, Warden.
You put me on my honor out there
and• I would not betray you."
Some prisoners,especially in the
death house, are often pront to ro-
manticize their plight. Consider the
flair of showmanship of the hymn -
singing negro who almost ran to tee
Gl air, .kissed it reverently and sane
a sermon on how, to him, it was a
chariot swinging low to life everlast-
ing and a harp among the angel
choirs. But one of the most callous
gangsters Sing Sing has known made
an even more dramatic grandstand
play in the death chamber. He fol-
lowed to the Chair another member
of hes gang. When his turn came he
asked for a rag, carefully wiped off
the• Chair and said:
"I've got to rub it off after that
rat sat in it."
Other Sing Sing dramas involve
mysteries to which we shall never
know the answer. There was Harry,
for instance, a lifer, who stabbed an-
other prisoner and killed him. Harry
was tried and sentenced to death.
Later, in the death house I visited
him often, He was in turn morose,
irritable and abusive. He 'quarreled
with every keeper. Hie took a sudden
»dislike to his chaplain and refused
spiritual consolation. Harry spent his
last days alone, and, I am sere, in
despair.
Toward evening on his final day a
woman whose identity cannot be dis-
closed, handed me a note. "Pleas.
give this to Harry a half hour before
the end. It's confidential. Tell hint
to destroy it after he's read it. It's
marked teat way, too," I violated
the strict rules of the Prison. 1
didn't censor that letter, and handed
it to Harry as directed. I sat a short
distance from him while he read it
slowly.. He must have read it over
and over again, for it was some time
before.he looked up. As I approach-
ed him he tore the paper carefully
into smell, bits. In all his 29. years
Harry had probably never shed a
tear, I don't know what was in that,
note, but now there were real tears
in his eyes. All he said was "Thank
you, Warden," and turned away.
With all the bitterness mysterious-
ly gone from his heart, .'.Bad man"
Harry went to the Chair without
heroics,
"Wihat's "the trouble, Searge? Nerv-
ous ? ". he smiled to the officer who
adjusted the straps.•
In Sing •Sing's visitin m o e
sees life throb in the raw. We had a
quiet, well-behaved prisoner serving
ten' years. He had just completed his
second year. He was married. His
child, a son, wasea little over a yea-t-
old
earold when he was "sentup." In the
two years his mall had been regular,
but his wife never carne to see him.
She could not leave the child, she
explained in her letters. He under-
stood . and never complained.
Finally news arrived that she was
coming and bringing the child, now
three years old.
He was a changed male he joked
and laughed with the other prisoners;
he prepared clean linen and pressed
his trousers. On the morning of the
visit the barber took particular pains
with him: Officers and prisoners in
the shop were interested. Everyone
knew that it was his first visit since
his arrival.
The prisoner waited eagerly for the
call. At last it came. "Don't hurry
hack," tee keeper said, "take all the
time you want. Have a pleasant vis-
it." He could have more than the
allotted hour. He went forth, smil-
ing,
Ten minutes later he was back.
Face pale and drawn, Without a
word he sat down at his table, bow-
ed his face in his ,hands. The officer
approached him. 'SWh'at'a the trou=
ble, Joe?"
No answer.
A full hour he sat thus. No one
could make it out. He did not answer
the call for lunch. Left alone with
the dejected man, the officer ques-
tioned him again.
"Yes, the wife came," he Said at
last, "and the boy, too. I hardly
knew the child. He was so grpwn up
and smart. But he was shy. Ip called
Mei. 'Come to your ,papa,' I said. He
leaked at me, then at his 'mother.
She pushed him to me. The boy held
back, Then suddeflly he looked up at
his mother and said, 'But, mamma,
my papa is +home!' "e
.Wants $4,000 Weekly
Salary in These Days
Just a mere four thousand odd dol-
lars per week is the demand, much
publicized during the past week, of
'Mr, James Cagney, of the West,
Coast. And ,his obstinate bosses re-
fuse resolutely to pay this. You
see, Mr. Cagn'ey Weeks for a f mr who
make motion pietures, and in the
light of past salaries the request
might even be reasonable. But after
all, his employers did raise him frpm
a modest $3000 per week to his rpres-
erit $1,400, though legally they could
have continued the entailer figure for
some time to cpme. Mir. Cagney has
introduced a new technique into the
amour of the films with his swift
slaps in the face dealt out to gals
seeming to deserve such treatment,
and his piece de resistance was the
famous and lusty kick delivered' to a
lovely blonde in one of his earlier
screen stories. Site had double-
crossed him, and retribution overtook
her in that unexpected manner.
Audience reaction was instant in
this case, and the young man has
'become quite a favorite. Be is a
real .drawing card in many cities. His
earlier films did not play in 'Ontario
but latterly he has begun to appear
regularly in Toronto. Thousands of
young matrons, constant movie -!goers,
appreciate vicariously his cavaliee
treatment of the ladies of the c{tst,
in his pictures. They feel a subs -
conscious wisih that their own, amen
would put their feet down 'firmly
once in a while, or even raise same
vigorously. As a matter of fact
Jimmy Cagney -is a good lad and a
good actor, smlal't enough to create
a new characterization of his own. A
child of the stage, of course, and
only two years ago was playing a
"bit" and doing a song and dance
in a summer revue. "The Grant Street
Follies" in New York. Prior to that
he had one of the greatest heart-
breaks an seethe has suffered in re-
cent years. His present success must
be a deep source of satisfaction when,
he reflects upon the time his grief
was overflowing.
Four years ago he was signed for
and rehearsed the leading role for
the company of "Broadway" being
assembled in London. He obtained
his •passperts, gave up his apartment,
and said farewell to friends in his
preparations for departure. At the
'very last minute, however, he was in-
formed by the producer that another
would be sent in his place. It was
his first big chance and his disap-
pointment_hwas intense. He did not
sail with the London company of
that outstanding modern -type play.
Being under contraet, he remained
in New York as the understudy for
Lee Tracy, also now in pictures.
Jimmy Cagney is entitled to a hearty
chuckle these days, The manager
who did not send him to England
would now gladly pay him ten times
as much. All that he desires to -day
to fill his cup of happiness is that
four thousand per week. If he
can "outshout" some film magnates
his chance of success is a good one.
Or will they tell him that their reply
to his demand can be put in two
words—im possible. Diversion is a
necessity for everyone at this time,
and it all adds to the scene to watch
a battle of this sort being waged
by a chap for that which he believes
is his just r;ht.
Thousands of people jogging along
on one'' per cent. of Mr. Cagney''s
'asking price view the matter as un-
real, or as purely publicity. It so
happens that the argument is a veri•
table one, with asperity creeping in
here and there. A flood of mail
has been sweeping into the offices
of Mr. ,Cagney's bosses upholding the
a'ctor's request for that resounding
salary. Many of the letters are not
of the usual type received from pic-
ture -goers and the correspondence
has been viewed with suspicion. Then
again, at the opening in New York
of the boy's latest picture his chief
boss found himself seated next to
a young lady who heckled him
throughout the filming to give in
about that salary. The unanswered
question arises, did this happen by
chance or design? Plenty of salary -
chopping has been going on in the
film business lately, and those fabu-
lous five and ten thousand a week
stipends are not forthcoming so read-
ily. A new co-operation among the.
studios has been effected, whereby
an actor cannot now play one pro-
ducer against the other.
An agreement forbids a studio
signing a player if a disagreement
has caused a breach with another,
company, similar to the arrangement
between professional baseball and
hockey .leagues. In some recent cas-
es a star has voluntarily asked for
or consented to a reduction. For in-
stance, Richard Barthelmess has just
adjusted his co1ltract so that he will
receive only $135,000 per picture in
lieu of his stipulated $1854000 at his
own request, because of present con-
ditions. This is because he has nev-
er made a losing film and did not
wish to take the chance of building
so great, an overhead that he milght,
spoil hie •fine record, Wages are rela-
tive after all, and many of the boys
and girls from Broadway- now
pictures do not need inflated pay
cheques to feel that they are cash-
ing in strongly. Actors who were
happe doing stage work at moderate
figures are drawing from the films'
six or seven times as much, and do-
ing so every week in the year. For
Robert Montgomery, Chester Mor -
example, it seems but"yesterday that
ris,'• Sylvia Sidney and Toronto's
own James Rennie were all in the
stage production of "Crime" in New
York. To -day their combined movie
salaries would reach a most interest-
ing total far beyond any figure that
one play could,, carry. And each one
of them was pretty good on the stage
so that it is not all a matter of new-
found ability. It is chiefly that their
audience is vastly, enlarged,
Political Convention
That Chose Lincoln
If yob. are sure we are hot weary-
ing yau, we shall tell you the story
of the Republican National Conven-
tion of 1860, also held in Chicago.
It was, we' think, the most import-
ant in American hietory, for it made
Abraham Lincoln president. Wash-
ington and Lincoln are rated the
greatest of American presidents, but
most of Washington's work had been
,done, before he became president,
and his nomination had no such
historic significance as Lincoln's,,
for all Lincoln's great work was done
as president, his previous .career be-
ing a mere training for his office.
At the time the convention as-
sembled the nation was, rent over
the question of slavery. So fierce
was the controversy that -„the Demo-
cratic natiorial coneeiition a month
before had adjourned after. 57 free: -
less ballots and had 'become hepe-
lessee divided, The great opportunity
tilts., came to t'be 1lep(q'bli�cans, woo
called• thelltlselves the National Re -
,publicans. ' They believed that if
they could wine the' West, vi.Gtory
would be theirs, and as a eonwpl:-
merit to the West they Chose Chicago
as the site of their convention. The
city teen numbered 109,000.
, When the convention assembled it
seemed certain that William H:
'Seward, former' govlernor of New
York, and long an ornament of Con-
gress, would receive the nomination.
The Fast wanted him, So CQ 1 ,dent
were his supporters that when the
tnews of his defeat reached Washing-
ton, it• was accepted at first as a
joke. Perhaps the bibulous tenden-
cies of the New York delegation had
a good dea,j, to 'do with Seward's
defeat, for the New Yorkers instead
of hustling for delegates embarked
immediately upon a "premature cele
oration.-. This offended, many of the
Westerners who had worked them-
selves into a religious frenzy over
slavery, and were highly dubious
about any candidate who was satis-
factory to the Eastern sots. Murat
Halstead, one of the most famous
journalists of his day, attended the
convention and. reported:,
morning I was aroused by a vehe-
ment
ehe-ment debate among them (the New
Yorkers), and rubbing my eyes dis-
covercid that they were sitting up in
bed playing cards to see who should
pay for gin cocktails all round, the
cocktails being an indispensable pre-
liminary to breakfast."
` Greeley, editor of the
New York Tribune and the moss
forceful editorial writer of Ms day,
was an ardent supporter of Lincoln,
but Greeley was considered a crank
and 'was' denied a place on the New
York delegation. But he had him-
self chosen from Oregon. He toiled
for Lincoln but had no hope of his
election. At midnight on May 17th,
the day before the choice was made,
he telegraphed his. paper: "My con-
clusion, .from all I can gather to-
night, is that the opposition to Gov-
ernor Seward cannot concentrate on
any candidate and that he will be
elected." But while he was publicly
despairing Lincoln's friends were
hustling. Their chief argument was
that Seward was not an available
candidate in the West. :He could,
not carry it but Lincoln could, and
if the West was carried the country
would go with it. This was specious
for with the Democrats -divided it
seemed altogether probable that any
Republican could have been elected.
Nevertheless the contention was ac-
cepted as valid and when Seward' did
not at once leap into a commanding
lead it was responsible for• the rising
tide of support for Lincoln.
On the first . •ballot Seward re-
ceived 173 and Lincoln 102 with 233
necessary for a choice. On the sec-
ond 'ballot Seward got 184 and-Lin-
coln
nd-Lin-
coln 181. The handwriting was- on
the wall and on the• third ballot
Lincoln got 2311 and Seward 180.
As the writing -boys of the times said
and as a matter of fact as they still
say, pandemonium broke loose. From
a dozen quarters of the floor came
demands for recognition by the chair
as one leader after another sough
the honor .of switching to Lincoln
with the necessary votes. It fell
upon D. K. Carter, of Ohio, who stain•
mered out, "I rise, I rise -eh -Mr.
Chairman-eh=to announce - eh - the
changeeeh of four votes -eh -of 'Ohio-
' eh- from Mir. Chase -eh -to Mr. Lirn
'coin." At his home in Auburn Mr.
Sewardwaited serenely expecting
word of his nomination. When noth-
ing came through he sensed disaster
and knew that none of his friends
lead the courage to tell him.' Whet
he heard his fate he remained out-
wardly unperturbed, and wrote him-
self the announcement for the local
newspaper, a task from which all his
friends shrank. .
Lincoln seemed equally call., ,but
he was by no means as astonished as
his elder rival, for he knew more
than Seward about the -emotions that
were then sweeping the country. The
New York ,Herald expressed its sense
of catastrophe in a few words: "Lin-
coln, who represents all that is
brutal and bloody in Seward's politi-
cal program, without possessing a
tithe of his ability." This was the
first American political convention
attended by large nunvbers of specta-
tors, others having been held in
barns, small halls and churches. It
was also the first time that any par-
ticular attention was paid to the
cheering although the devise of hold•
ing stop watches on the hullabaloo
had not then been invented. The oh -
servant Halstead reported that the
cheers for Seward were terrific. It
seemed impossible that there should
be such a frenzied outburst. But the
'cheers for Lincoln surpassed them,
thus giving more than a hint of
what was to follow when the ballot-
ing began.
Police'Dogs Useful
In South -Africa
At Quaggapoort, six miles from
Pretoria, is the only .governments
owned dog -training station in the
world. The dogs are 'used in police
work, for which the African terrain
mekes them particularly suitable. A
good deal of the ordinary crime of
the country is committed by natives•
and other citizens on foot, and it for
the tracing of these malefactors that
the dogs have proved valuable. An
article in the Police Journal, of Lon-
don, tells how the dogs are fitted foe
their work and gives some examples
of their powers of scent. At the time
the material was gathered, there
were 140 dogs on the premises, most
of them partly trained. There were
also thirteen trainers and a lice
number of students, who are called
learners. The practise is to train a
dog''or a brace of dogs at the same
time an officer is being trainee!,.
When they have passed the usual
tests, they are sent together to some
station in need of their services.
'They may remain permanently ate
tached to it or shifted as is necessary.
But one of the fundamental prin-
ciples of the whole scheme is that
the dogs or team of dogs, will work
for 'only one than. Be is the only
one whose authority they receginize.
The dogs bred for the police work
are-mlostly Dobermann-Pillselrers, a
German +breed, c'om'parable to our
large terriers; a eross between a
bloodhound and an Airedale,' and
some pure -bend Airedales. The last
named, which, we believe, were
about the first ever to be trained
for police work, are said not to have
been so easy to train in South Af-
rica, but once broken they make ez-
cellent officers. e'erhaps the reason
for the difficulty in training is that
the Airedale is a most uneven breeds
harboring an extraordinary number
of fools. The article in the Police
Journal notes that no matter what:
the breed chosen not all by any
means will prove suitable material.
It is a timely reminder that dogs
differ as much as human beings anti
that the fact of a dog being of any
particular breed means no more than
there are certain particular facul-
ties in it which may be developed'.
The Airedale -.bloodhound cross seems•
to be the best, which will suggest to
breeders that any 'outcross in live
stock is apt to give a new impetus
of strength or intelligence, even if
there is a marked departure frora
type.
This cross has proved easy to train
and naturally the bloodhound strain
gives excellent scenting powers. The
Dobermann-Pinschers are more ex-
citable
xcitable but quick to learn and excel-
lent on the trail. A trained dog of
any breed is worth, 180. Naturally
the greatest care is taken of the dogs.
They are'specially fed, have comfort-
able quarters and are never over-
worked. Their ,lessons never last
more than an hour and a half, and
they are trained by being rewarded
..when they do what is wanted and
rebuked when they fail. Their cur-
riculum consists of climbing ladders,
swimming, diving, retrieving ane
obeying signals»given either by whis-
tle or gesture. They are fed by their
masters, and never permitted out of
the kennel except on Leash. Nor are
they allowed to trail or chase game.
The only prey they are to know is
the human kind, and for this, of
course,;°' they rely wholly upon their
pcnvers of scent.' When they over-
take their quarry they are taught
not to seize 'but to stand guard vig-
ilantly, with teeth bared.
After two months' training in the
camp tee dogs are taken to the
surrounding veldt, and there ',get
their , first experience of tracking a.
human {being. They 'have been
known to pick up a spoor 72 hours
old. It is interesting to • note that
the dogs do not follow in the foot-
steps of the man they are tracking,
but trot always about 12 yards to
windward. The Dobermann-Pinscher-
follows a trail faster than an
Airedale -bloodhound, since it. is a
more active dog. Incidentally, it is
found that quite as many men as
dogs are unsuited for the work and
are sent »back to ordinary police duty.
Experiments have been made with
other breeds of dog than those men-
tioned, including Alsatians and other
shepherd varieties, but they have not
proved as useful in the South African
climate as the Pinschers, Airedales
and bloodhound crosses.
In one of the cases reported a
couple of Pinschers traced a quantity
of stolen sugar and coffee a distance .
of two miles and a half, the trail at
that time being some 12 hours ol'l.
They came to a hut and barked and
the police found the loot. In another
case an Airedale -bloodhound cross
,and a Pinscher -setter cross ivere
asked to trace a man accused
of rape. First one dog was put on
the scent, and after it had led to
a hut three miles away, ,the other
dog was put on the same trail and
verified the findings of its learned
colleague. The occupants of the hut
gave a description of a stranger who
was later arrested and convicted of
the crime. In a. third case a Pinscher
and .,an Airedale -bloodhound iwere
used to run down a man Who had,
stolen some cattle. The spoor was
six days old, and one of the dogs
followed it from 3.30 until dark, and
ithe {next »day until 'she became
exhausted in the evening. Then the
other dog took it up and followed
it for 50 miles, in the end' pointing
out a man in »whose possession was
found sufficient evidence that he
was the thief.
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