The Huron Expositor, 1921-04-08, Page 61G
R. FOry
R; • Nose aid T igeat
p Medicine, University of
tant New York Ophtha .
fast Institute, Mom* lige
Men Square Throat 1105-
dun
eaP orth, thirdr.Wedn os-
els =eac month Prod 11 a.m. to
Ord." p.Woa2o7, SSttreraettforSuh,
CONSULTING ENGINEERS
James, Proctor & Redfern, Ltd.
$ M. Proctor, B.A..Sc„ Manager
30 Toronto St., Toronto, Can.
:�nee
ass elitsns. Iciratnn, a wh
Public Haar. Houstno, Fastens, Arbi-
tration*,
Out Sea:—Ueusllr void out of
the manor we ..vis sur divots
MERCHANTS CASUALTY CO.
Specialists in Health apd Accident
Insurance.
Policies liberal and unrestricted.
Ovdr $1,000,000,, pdin for losses.l
Exceptional opportunities
Agents.
904 ROYAL BANK Kt BL Oat
2773-50
JAMES McFADZEAN
Agent for Howick MutualInsua-
ance Company. Successor to John
Harris, Walton.
address BOX 1, BRUSSELS
or PHONE 42. 2769x12
LEGAL
R. S. HAYS.
Barrister, Solicitor, Conveyancer and
Notary Public. Solicitor for the Do-
pjnion Bank. Office in rear of the Do-
minion Bank, Seaforth. Money to
Man.
J. M. BEST
Barrister, Solicitor, Conveyancer
and Notary Public. Office upstairs
ever Walker's Furniture Store, Main
Street. Seaforth-
PROUDFOOT. KILLORAN AND
HOLMES
Barristers, Solicitors, Notaries Pub-
lic, etc. Money to lend. In Seaforth
en Monday of each week. Office in
Kidd Block. W. Proudfoot, K.C., J.
L. Killoran, B. E. Holmes.
VETERINARY
F. HARBURN, V. S.
\Honor graduate of Ontario Veterin-
ary' College, and honorary member of
the Medical Association of the Ontario
Veterinary' College. Treats diseases of
all domestic animals by the most mod-
ern principles. Dentistry and Milk
Fever a specialty. Office opposite
Dick's Hotel, Main Street, -Seaforth.
All orders left at the hotel will re-
ceive prompt attention. Night calls
'received at the office
JOHN GRIEVE. V. S.
Honor graduate of Ontario Veterin-
aHni College.
diseases
Calls treated. promptly at-
tended to and charges moderate. Vet-
erinary Dentistry a specialty. Office
and residence on Goderich street; one
door east of Dr. Scott's office, Sea -
forth.
MEDICAL
DR. GEORGE HEILEMANN.
Osteophatic Physician of Goderich.
Specialist in Women's and Children's
diseases, reheumatism, acute, chronic
and nervous disorders; eye, ear, nose
and throat. Consulation free. Office
above Umback's Drug store, Seafortb,
Tuesdays and Fridays, 8 a.m. till 1 p.m
C. J: W. HARN. M.D.C.M.
425 Richmond Street, London, Ont.,
Specialist, Surgery and Genio-Urin-
ary diseases of men and women.
•
DR. J. W. PECK
Graduate of Faculty of Medicine
McGill University, Montreal; member
of College of Physicians and Surgeons
of Ontario; Licentiate of Medical Coun-
cil of Canada; Post -Graduate Member
of Resident Medical staff, of General
Hospital, Montreal, 1914-15; Office, 2
doors east of Post Office. Phone 56.
Hensel], Ontario.
"`TREE" HUNTERS.
They Find Atteestors •II''or the Stich
chili 4lmblupan
No, thle little article has nothing
Whatever to do with natural hietory.
The trees of which we speak are
"family trees." .and the searcher
works not in• woods and forests, but
in the British Museum and the Re-
cords Office.
Since the was' produced the profi-
teer, the business of the genealogist
has increased immensely, for the new
rich desire ancestors, and are willing
to pay large sums for proof that they
have royal or noble blood in their
veins.
Thie Is not so difficult to prove as
might be imagined, for most of us
who do posaesef family trees can prove
at least one strain of t'Qyal blood, and
.some as many as six or seven.
1u return to. our searchers. there
was a case recently reported in which
u searcher sued u new millionaire
for a sum of nearly $15,000 fur ser-
vices in finding for the rich titan a
family tree. The agreement made
was for 570 a`weok, and another $20
u week for expenses.
The rich man seems to htve found
the tree not up to sample, so, after
paying $1,500, he discharged the
searcher The case was compromised,
but the figures given show the sort
of money grade by aearciting.
These searchers have a second
string to their bow. In the course of
their researches, tree hunters occa-
sionally strike a .gold ,mine in the
shape of an unclaimed fortune.
In order to do this, the searcher
keeps in touch with notaries and with
Somerset House, so an to discover
when anyone dies Intestate. In the
course of u year there are always
wealthy people who die without
making wills, and sometimes without
leaving direct heirs.
With' the knowledge at his dis-
posal, the searcher at once turns to
his records, and, working backwards,
Is usually able to discover some col-
lateral branch of the family, the de-
scendants of which are the nearest
relative of the deceased.
Then he sets to work to trace these
people.
This is sometimes a difficult Job,
for they may either have sunk In the
social scale, or they may have emi-
grated. In some cases they may even
have changed their name. f
But patience is usually rewarded,
and sooner or later the patient
searcher gets on their track. They,
of course, have no notion at all of
the luck 1n store for. them, or any
means of finding out except through
the searcher. The latter, therefore, if
he is smart, can drive it pretty hard
bargain.
There was a case, not long ago, in
which the amount of money was only
about five hundred a year, and the
true heir, a very distant cousin, had
become a farm laborer in Stafford-
shire.
He paid the searcher a sum equiv-
alent to a hundred a year for his
share of the work.
Sometimes a man who is not bim-
self a searcher will go into this busi-
ness on a big scale. One such was
formerly a solicitor, but either volun-
tarily or compulsorily he gave up his
practice.
He has in his employ two or three
tame genealogists to whom be pays
a small but regular salary, and when
he does get on the track of an heir.
he makes him pay through the nose.
In one case, where the property 1n
question was worth $200,000. he ex-
torted no less than ;55,000 from the
inheritor.
In another, where the property was
estimated to be worth over a million,
and there were two heirs, he demand-
ed twenty per cent. One heir was
willing to pay, but the other refused.
This deadlock is not yet settled.
DR. F. J. BURROWS
Office and residence, Goderich street
east of the Methodist church, Seaforth
Phone 46. Coroner for the County of
Huron.
DR. C. MACKAY
C. Mackay honor graduate of Trin-
ity University, and gold medallist of
Trinity Medical College; member of
the College of Physicians and Sur-
geons of Ontario.
• DR: H. HUGH ROSS
Graduate of University of Toronto
Faculty of Medicine, member of Col-
lege of Physicians and Surgeons of
Ontario; pass graduate courses in
Chicago Clinical School of Chicago;
Rbyal Ophthalmic Hospital, London,
England; University Hospital, Lon-
don, England. Office—Back of Do-
minion Bank, Seaforth. Phone No. 5,
Night calls answered from residence;
Victoria street, Seaforth.
AUCTIONEERS
THOMAS BROWN
Licensed auctioneer for the counties
of Huron and Perth. Correspondence
arrangements for sale dates can be
made by calling up phone 97, Seaforth
or The Expositor Office. Charges mod.
erate and satisfaction guaranteed.
- R. T. LUKER
Licensed auctioneer for the County
of Huron. Sales attended to in all
parts of the county. Seven years' ex-
perience in Manitoba and Saskatche-
wan. .Terms reasonable. Phone No,
175 r 11, Exeter, Centralia P. O., it.
its f�1a, 1. Orders left at The Saran
Sfor Office, Seaforth, promptly
od. rya
TO ORgieltOYSTIRVO
A,ecording to a tleepatgjr Props Wa-
t
p N. Y., a new and successful
method d of destroying stumps and
mots; obviating both the extensive
excavations for danger of explosion
which generally attend such an op-
eration, is being practised by Jef-
ferson County farmers and could, it
is believed, be successfully applied in
ridding the city of soft maple and
willow roots which infest sewers in
some sectigps. The plan which has
been successfully carried out by farm-
ers consumes a considerable' period
of time, but the ease with which it
is accomplished is worth waiting for.
The first operation is to bore a hole
into the principal roots leading' rom
the stump, penetrating the cehtral
sap carrying veins. Tile hole is then
filled with s$ltpeter and plugged ,to
prevent the elements interfering
with the charge. This work gener-
ally takes place in the fall and the
roots and stumps are left undisturb-
ed through the winter, while the salt-
peter is dissolving and penetrating
to the very remotest tendrils of the
root branch, In spring the large
roots are ignited, the wood soaked
with the saltpeter solution burning
slowly. The fire follows the roots
to their very extremity completely
destroying them. The burning is
very slow, taking several days to
reach .the end of the root system, but
the fire follows through the entire
system as far as the ahltpeter pene-
trates, and if properly treated and
permitted to soak sufficiently along
the solution will work through all
the roots. The burning process is
quite like that of punk. There is no
blaze and no danger of setting fire to
other objects attends the "'rocas,
those who have tried it claim,
Mope May Call Lodz "W udzh"
The public, which remembers its
difficulty during the war in pronounc-
ing such foreign names as Przemysl,
will learn with relief from the Geo-
graphical Journal that a British offi-
cial system just has been completed
for the phonetic spelling 1n English
of the place names in 32 toreig -lan-
guages. If that system hence ale Is
employed in all maps of foreign coun-
tries there will be fewer puzzles. The,
Manchester of Eastern Europe, for
instance, which is now spelled Lodz
in our maps, will figure as "Wudeh,"
an odd looking name.
tl
These puzzles confront us inCan-
ada as well as abroad. Not everyone
knows the correct pronounciation of
Cirencester or Bieester or Pontefract.
British family names have long been
the subject of American Jokes,
though it Is not strictly true that
the English spell a name Cholmon-
deley and pronounce it Bajoribank.
It is quite certain thatnot one in a
•hundred English people could at a
Welsh booking office translate such
names as Liwyngwril or Machynileth
Into sounds intelligible to the Welsh
ear. We are not told whether the
new system will be applied to places
in that country. If It' is, there may
be an outcry from the localities af-
fected, while it it is not many of our
difficulties will remain.
Ai Superfluous Nib.
In his early days Sir W. S. Gilbert
served in a Government office under
a chief -with whom no fault could be
found on the score of economy.
"Candle -ends and cheese -paring" was
bis maxim, and he used to dole out
stationery in strictly "rationed" al-
lowances to the clerks.
To Gilherl he allowed twelve nibs
p •r month, -hat nn one occasion mis-
t•.ounted and gave hint thirteen. Gil-
bert at once went hack.
"Regarding my allowance of nibs.
sir--- ," he began.
"'Why. what of it? Twelve nibs
per month is enough for any clerk,"
declared hitt chief.
"I have no *1st to question your
wisdom," responded Gilbert, sweetly.
"I merely wish to report that 1 have
received thirteen nibs. and have has-
tened In you with the superfluous one
in order that itmay be returned In-
to store."
Flirty -two dally newspapers are
published in Loudon.
s
A self -loading motor track has a
body which is slipped backward, on
the Chassis to serve es a scoop,
Miss Laura Harlan, daughter of
the late associate justice of the su-
preme court, has been selected as
social secretary to Mrs. Warren G.
Harding.
CHOCOLATE A MEXICAN
BEVERAGE
Tho dsi$iqq els announced aA dudltln-`;
sppode, Ijld, of General 'Hettiamin'
Harrison, ,_ a , •�• -third President of
the Unitejltes, retiring from Mace
in 1tIWdb; 1 3,
The dost ''was announced in Lon-
don, Eng., of Arthur Gore, fifth Earl
of Arran, in 1839. He had
served in' British diplomatic ser-
vice, and had been special Commis-
sioner of Inegme Taxes. He was
Lord-L•ieuntenant of the County of
Mayo, Ireland.
In the Ontario Legislature the bud-
get was adopted, the Ross Govern-
ment being gguustained by a majority
of ten. Amo�tg the speakers of the
week were Mr, Whitney, leader of
the Opposition; Hon. E. ' J. Davis,
Commissioner of Crown Lands; and
Gol. Afatheaon,
An avalanche occurred in the Alps
near Lake Como. The mass of ice
and snow that slid down the moun-
tain -side killed eight soldiers and
several customs ofiici.$is.
It was announced at Ottawa that
W. H. P. Clement, legal adviaer to
the Commissioner of the Yukon, had
resigned, and had been succeeded by
F. T. Congdon of Halifax. Mr. Clem-
ent, a member of the Ear of Ontario,
wrote a schbol history of Canada still
widely in use.
The complete census of India gave
the population :.e 294 000,000, an'in-
crease during the past decads of
seven millions.
On the Montreal live stock market
choice beeves sold at 5c a ib.; sheep
4c; spring lambs, .$5 each; hogs, 6%c
weighed off cars. A't Toronto choice
export cattle sold at $5 per cwt.;
choice milch cows, from $45 to $55
each; sheep, $3.50 per cwt.; hogs, $6
per cwt.
At Montreal cheese was selling at
9%c; butter, finest creamery, 22o;
eggs, 15c a dozen; turkey, 9'Ac a ib.,
chicken, 9c; white comb honey, 12c a
ib.; maple sugar, Sc; potatoes, 40c a
bag of 90 lbs.; beans, $1.65 a bushel;
hops, 18c a it ; tallow, 5c ib.
Chocolate as well as gold was found
by the Spaniard Cortez when he con-
quered Mexico in 1520. It was a
Mexican beverage then, and Cortez
followers took kindly to it. The
Mexicans prepared the beverage with
milk much as we do at present. They
added cinnamon bark or vanilla bean
for flavoring as many housewives
add either flavoring at the present
time. •
The nutriment cont4ned in choco-
late depends upon the amount of oil
left in the commercial product. Cocoa
is not as rich in oils as is choeolate
and for that reason is much preferred
by some as a drink.
In ye olden times, the ladies of
France became well acquainted with
the stimulating effects of chocolate
and had it served, piping hot, to
them in church. It acted as a sort
of a bracer to enable them to endure
the long sermons then in vogue. Na-
poleon Bonaparte was unusually fond
of a cup of chocolate for his break-
fast and, in order to have it served
to his taste, he invented the chocolate
mill. The mill is a round stick with
a wheel on the end of it. The stick
passes through the, lid of the choco-
late pot. Turning the protruding
end of the stick between the palms
of the hands turns the wheel within
the pot while the chocolate is cook-
ing and prevents any sediment from
forming. These mills are seen oc-
casionally in antique shops. House-
wives use a cream whip for the same
purpose, when they want an extra
good cup of chocolate.
Chocolate often suffers in the
cooking. Boiling spoils the delicate
flavor of a cup of the beverage and
makes it tasty harsh. To make choco-
late fit for an epicurean, grate the
bitter chocolate that comes in half-
pouftd cakes, a teaspoonful to a small
cup, and mix with hot water; add
sugar to taste and simmer, not boil,
for five minutes. Heat the milk in
another dish and then pour into the
chocolate, adding a little vanilla and
beating briskly with an egg -whip.
Just before, serving, whip in some
cream beaten to a froth or the beaten
white of an egg. Two-thirds water
to one-third milk is a good propor-
tion to use in making the beverages,
either chocolate or cocoa.
Thin slices of bread and butter or
salted wafers should be served with
chocolate as it is too rich to drink
with any kind of sweet cakes. Choc-
olate is both nutritious and whole-
some, where one's digestion is capable
of dealing with it.
TWENTY YEARS AGO
In the Canadian House of Commons
the motion presented by Mr. Henri
Bourassa, of Labelle, Quebec, calling
upon Great Britain to end the Boer
war and again set up the Tr9nsvaal
and the Orange River. States as in-
dependent republics, was voted down.
Mr. Bourassa had only two•support-
ers.
The annual budget speech' was de-
livered by the Hon. W. S. Fielding,
Minister of Finance. Mr. Fielding
is again a member of the House and
takes a prominent part in the de-
bates.
Among those who took part in the
budget debate were Sir Richard Cart-
wright, Minister of Trade and Com-
merce' R. L.Borden, leader of the
Opposition; Mr. Belt, of Pictou, N.S.,
a prominent member of the Opposi=
tion, and Mr, Hyman of London, Ont.
later Minister of Public Works.
Lord Kitchener's offer of peace to
the Boers had been rejected by their
Commandant -General, Louis Botha.
The war went on until May 31, 1902.
De Wet with a considerable force
was back in the Orange River State.
He and Botha and Delarey were about
to meet in council to discuss the
situation which was weekly becoming
worse.
The Duke and Duchess of Cornwall
and York, now King George V. and
Queen Mary, sailed on the S. S. Ophir
from Portsmouth for Gibraltar on
their journey to Australia. On their
return voyage the royal panty visit-
ed Canada.
neve b$ deingion.
Where the,,throttle and Spark cen-
trol levers are mounted on the hand
'wheel the steering pont fasts tube.
Within it is another tube' to which
le attached a lever, controlling, with
proper linkage, the throttle, With-
in this inner tube there is a rod, with
a lever on the lower end, and linkage
from this controls the spark advance.
All 'the linkage mentioned here has
ball and socket connections, easily
kept lubricated and cleans and the
entire mechanism usually is easy of
access, ,so that there is no excuse for
not keeping it in order. And inas-
much as upon its condition much of
the comfort of steering depends, the
wise guy will spend a few minutes
occasional', 'looking after it.
Fortuna'ely there is little trouble
with the several devices which maim
up what is usually denominated the
steering' gear. About the only wear
there is comes to the worm and worm
gear or sector. These move together
for such a limited part of the thread
and gear that all the .wear cones
practically. in one spot. The worm
gear is fastened on an eccentric to
take up this play, but this only moves
the parts together and there might
be a binding when the wheel is turn-
ed fur a sharp curve or corner, So
that on an old car where there is
much play it is wiser to take off the
worm gear and turn the steering
wheel half round, then replace the
worm gear or sector, or put in a new
one, and it will engage a part of the
worm which is not worn.
If not kept lubricated the ball and
socket joints will wear_ and give an
annoying play, besides making the
front wheels wabble excessively, but
there ordinarily will be little trouble
beh•a8en the steering wheel and the
steering knuekles with slight atten-
tion regularly, according to book.
THE FARMER MILLIONAIRE
It is often said that a farmer, par-
ticularly a farmer on the compara-
tively small and not always fertile
farms of the Eastern States, can never
become a rich man. It is manifestly
true that the opportunities for ac-
cumulating wealth from the soil aro
not what the opportunities are in
mercanlie or manufacturing business
in a great city. Trading, buying and
selling shrewdly,dealing in money as
the farmer deals in corn and wheat
and potatoes, nave always been and
always will be the quickest and sur-
est roads to riches. But now and
then something happens to show us
that, given the requisite qualities
and the necessatty determination, a`
farmer can make a great deal of
money,
The other day a man died at the
age of eighty-nine years in the same
Massachusetts farmhouse in which
he was born and in which he had liv-
ed all his life. Ile never owned an
automobile, never extensively "im-
proved" the ,d 1 farmhouse, seldom
stayed up later than nine o'clock at
night. He ran his farm well, worked
hard and traded in cattle. Until the
end, old as. he was, he bought and
sold cows and drove then[ over the
road from his Massachusetts farm to
his pasture in New Hamshire. He
left an estate of a million and a quar-
ter dollars, a very large part of
which he gave to his native town for
public improvements. None of his
money came through speculation,
bnt all of through hard work, simple
living, honest and careful trading
and wise investement in moderately
paying but sound securities.
Of course, not many farmers can
expect to make so much as a million
dollars. Neither can most merchants
or manufacturers or professional men.
There is a special gift of money-
making, just as there is a special musi-
cal gift or a special gift of learning
foreign languages. Not everyone is
ready to make the sacrifices or.to ex-
ercise the self-control that made this
man rich, but he offers to us all an
interesting eiPample of what the prac-•
tice of thrift, aided by sound judg-
ment, ran do even in circumstances
that are generally called narrow and
unpromising.
EBONY FOR FIREWOOD •
Ebpny is used for firewood by the
people of Burma who have mahogany
dancing floors in their houses, but
their dance music is abominable, ac-
cording to a missionary oorres tond-
ent. The chief function of music and
the weird dances in the land of the
golden peacock is to drive away the
evil spirits, and it is essential to
Burmese ideas of"harmony" to have
each instrument toned, in a different
key. But it would be a great place
for the children. Parrots can be
bought for a nickel and monkeys for
a quarter. No word in the language
has more than one syllable, There
are no declensions or conjugations.
The Burmese are short on words and
hence every word is pronounced in
three tones having a different mean-
ing in each. The average wages is
sixteen cents a day. There are no
violent deaths, the plague and malaria
being the only scourges. The native
doctors prescribe on a principle of
opposites. If a man has rheumatism
they feed him powdered deer's bones
and the remedy for a sour stomach
is sugar.
STEERING GEAR IS A MARVEL-
OUS DEVICE.
You don't have to carry a goad and
shout "gee" and "haw" until 'your
lunge are sore to steer the auto out of
ruts and away from broken glass or
other obstructions. It glides about
the streets, turns corners and moves
up to the curb at the precise distance
prescribed by the police, and but a
simple twist of the wrist—and not
much of that—does it. Why is it
that you can steer the car so easily'
Well, it took a lot of midnight nil
and a lot of grey matter to produce
this result. Here are some of the
reasons why you have. so little
trouble:
Tie first autos had a long bar like
a tiller on a boat, such as you some-
times see on the electrics to -day, and
there was not much else except the
shaft and several levers below to at-
tach the shaft to the axle, first, and
then to the steering knuckles. It was
quite a genius who studied out the lat-
ter, after it was discover' that an
auto could, not go very fast with' a
loose front axle like a wagon. Im-
provements followed until to -day we
have an almost vibrationless, easily
controlled steering mechanism which
does not tire one's arms as though
engaged in hard manual labor. Nor
is the wheel wrenched out of one's
hands as was the old bar or early
wheel when there was only a gear
and rack to transmit direction to the
wheels,
The common steering mechanism
to -day consists of a wheel attached to
a rod or tube mounted in a housing
in which it turne. On the lower end
is a worm or spiral gear which
meshes with a worm gear or sector,
through which proper motion is trans-
mitted by a lever, called a drag link,
to one of the steering knuckles on
which a wheel is mounted. A:and
known as a tie bar connects this
knuckle with its mate on which the
other front wheel„tut'ns, so that they
GOOD ROADS
Before Robert Fulton made his ex-
perimental trip by steamboat on the
Seine in 1803 no man had ever trav-
eled over water more rapidly than
sails could carry him. Before the
first steam railway was operated, also
early in the nineteenth century,—the
date is uncertain—no one had ever
traveled by land faster than horses
could transport him.
The story of modern progress,
growth and civilization, is the story
of the advance of transportation.
Without steamship and railway, with-
out the great commingling of peoples
and the annihilation of distances
since the nineteenth century began,
we could not have had, or could not
have had so easily and abundantly,
many of the conveniences that we
have to -day,• but the colonists under
George III lacked: the quick and
cheap movement of goods and pas-
sengers over long distances; iron and
steel for a thousand uses; pulp for
the newspapers; meat and oranges
for our tables; wool and cotton for
our clothing; telegraphs and tele-
phones; everything, in fact, that we
need and use besides the products
of our immediate neighbdrhood.
For nearly a hundred years the
advance was owing to improvements
in the steam engine, which year by
year made efficient, by increasing
their power, their capacity and their
speed. But the horse, dragging the
buggy or the loaded truck, could not
be dispensed with. He and the ways
Prom Clirottie. Leather
A Horsepower Hahne Strap
OR
tiffitit hers
Those two orticles ;tae made (sow chrome
leather. the pyppg tangiest leather known.
'Mervin- vin- sot hardest with sweat or vasty. They
gays great strength and wearing qualities, that
wiS a or` than please you. May io show yea
oar d'i'e setectioa of halters asdareeai r e� a
M. Bt.ODERICK, Seaforth.
F. O'BRIEN & SON, Staffa.
R. A. SADDLER; Staffa.
e
$50 to $5,000
A YEAR FOR LIFE
I CANADIAN GAVERNMN ANNUITY ?ROVER R
--Ne better life iaveatment available
—Ito betas security obtainable
be seised sr levied wpm far say some
—Meeaffteted by treat &imam
•.Pm toss De i iicm Iaeease Tan
--an nedicM anminatiesissgairW
ifingwinstneer tie age ef S year, resi4mt se 1ws01r0 to Sowat
Amy tem penmen may pureke.s
joiniimployere may purchase for thei tly.
mmiacsa. el haat far
their t aci,nrycengregations for their
Array to your v: or w hoe, to a. T. saapdw ta
=Vent!
of Alum.1Ottawa. e taw ►rlpet tad ether Infoemtltres denied
�caezd Yse loot Way
in which he was used remained un-
changed, and so far the most part
remained the road over which he
travelled, usually roughly made, ir-
regular in surface, half the time deep
in mud, and the other half deep in
dust. But the horse was dumb and
could make no protest against the
hard conditions in which he had to
do his work. -
Then came the automobile. The
internal-combustion engine provided a
form of propulsion that almost im-
mediately exposed the poor quality
of American roads. Anyone might
ride over the roads at four or five
miles an hour without execrating the
highway commissioners, but at the
speed of the motor car the jolting
and consequent discomfort became in-
tolerable. Moreover, the roughness
of the highways caused so great an
expense in repairs to engines and in
the outlay for tires that the commun-
ity at last awoke to the need of bet-
ter roads. The desire for comfort and
economy, not compassion. for the
horse, led to the reform but the
horses benefit though they make no
comment.
When the internal-combustion en-
gine was first applied to the motor
car the roads of America were prob-
ably worse than those of almost any
other thickly settled civilized coun-
try. That is now all changed. A
great deal remains to be done, but
the wise course has been followed of
imposing substantial taxes on the use
of cars and of devoting a large part
of the proceeds to improving the
highways. States and the general
government are co-operating in the
work, and millions of dollars have
been spent in carrying it on. It is
now possible to go from north to
south and from east to west by
automobile without encountering any
such roads as formerly disgraced the
land.
Heretofore, as was proper, only the
main lines of communication have re-
ceived much attention. Country towns
and villages can be made accessible
by use of the government appropria\\-
tions, but local funds must do the
work of improving the crossroads
and village streets, and local pride
should furnish the money. Money
spent in making the avenues of com-
munication clean and smooth is well
spent, for it cheapens transportation
for both business and pleasure. And
perhaps our friend the horse has a
valid claim to consideration.
THE FIRST TAG DAY
Montem, a curious custom long ago
allowed to lapse, used to be an insti-
tution at the great public school of
Eton in England. In his reminiacenes,
Mr. Montagu Williams gives us a
description of it.
Montem took place once every
three years. It was originally found-
ed for the benefit of any college stu-
dent who in his last year attained
the highest place in' the School, but.
who, -by, reason of no vacancy's oc-
curring in time, had not the luck to
be sent up to King's` College, Cam-
bridge. All the money that was
taken, under the peculiar name of
"salt,” passed 'into his pockets on the
day that he left and was supposed
to go a long wey toward paying his
expenses at either Oxford or Cam-
bridge. The amount collected was
sometimes one thousand or even
twelve hundred pounds.
There was a certain number of
sixth -form, or upper -division, boys
who wore fancy dresses and acted as
salt bearers. They carried large
silken bags into which they put the
money collected from visitors and
passers-by. The donors received in
return for their contributions little
pieces of blue paper on which was
inscribed the motto for the montent
of that particular year. The motto
for the last mortem was pro more
et monte.
Royalty itself was not free from
the tax. Two salt bearers were sta-
tioned at Windsor Bridge, and when
the queen drove down the hill—and
she never missed a montem—the elder
of the two stepped forward, stopped
the carriage and, taking off his hat
with the words, "Salt, Your Majesty.
salt," placed under contribution the
highest and noblest lady of the land.
Iilillllllli11111111111111.
ACDt :�
,f L�
. ;1 ,i
PRINCE of WALES
CH`EWINC
TOBACC 0
Canada's standard since 1858
11111111111111 MIEN
,31