The East Huron Gazette, 1893-02-16, Page 4THE PURITAN SM00-11.
BELIEF,.THAT SPARING: THE ROD
SPOILED THE CHILD. ' -
-Many Ingenious Methods Devised to Tor-
ture the Disobedient Scholar --The Bod
and the Ferule in Frequent Demand—
Favorite Studies.
Great attention was paid to penman-
ship. Spelling was nought if the
"wrighting" were only fair and flowing
I have 'Never read of any criticism of
teachers by either parents or town offi-
cers saveLn the one question of writing.
How deeply children were versed or
grounded in the knowledge of the pro-
per use of "Simme colings not of mterio-
tions-peorids and comamoes" I do not
w. A boundless freedom apparently
_ was given, as was also in orthography—
if we judgefrom the letters of the times.
The school houses were simple dwell-
ings, often tumbling down and out of
repair. The Roxbury teacher wrote in
1681:
"Of inconveniences [in the school-
house] I shall mention no other but the
confused and shattered and nastier pos-
ture that it is in, not fitting for to reside
in, the glass broke, and thereupon very
raw and cold; the floor very muchbrok-
en and torn up to kindle- fires, the
hearth spoiled, the seats some burned
and out of kilter, that one had well -high
as good keep school in a hog stie as in
it.,,
This schoolhouse had been built and
furnished with some care in 1652.
"The feoffes agreed with Daniel Weide
that he provide convenient benches with
forms, with tables for the scholars, and
a conveniente seate for the schoolmaster
a Deske to put the Dictionary on and
shelves to lay up booker:
The schoolmaster "promised and en-
gaged to use his -best endeavour both by
pprecept and example to instruct in all
Schoiasticall morall and Theologicall die
cipline the 'children so far as they'be cap-
able all A. B. C Darians accepted." He
was paid in corn, barley or peas, the
value of 25 pounds per annum, and each
child through his parents or guardians
furnished half,a cord of wood for the
schoolhouse fire. If this load of wood
were not promptly furnished the child
suffered,for the master did not allow
him "the benefit of the fire"; that is, to
go near enough to feel the warmth.
The children of wise parents like Cot-
ton Mather, were also taught ""opificial
and benefieiai sciences" such as the mys-
tery of medicine --a mystery indeed in
colonial times. • - -
Pnritaa-schoolmastersbelieved, as did
Puritan parents, that sparing the rod
spoiled theehild, and great latitude war
_ • given ili-pnnfshment; the rod and ferule
werefiercely and frequently plied, as in
English schools of the same date. When
young *mantra publicly whipped in col •
gea. children were sure to be well
trained in smaller schools. Master Lovel,
that tigerish Boston master, whipped the
cndprlt with bitch rods, and forced -ail-
other.sobolar to holdehe . sufferer on -his
back. Others -whipped on the soles of the
feet, and one teacher roared out, "Oh,
the Caitiffs, it is good. for them," Not
only were children whipped, but many
ingenious instruments of torture were
invented. Oneteacher made his scholars
sit on a "Bark seat turned upside down
.withhisthumb on the knot of a floor."
.Another master_ of the inquisition in-
vented a emitted -sea. stool with one leg
sometiines placed in the middle of the
Beat, sometimes on ' the edge, on which
.the unfortunate scholar tiresomely bal-
anced. Others.. sent out the suffering
pupil- Fent a branch.of a tree, -and mak-
ing a split in the large end of the branch,
sprung it on the culprit's nose, and he
stood painfully pinched, an object of
ridienle with his spreading branch of
leaves: One cruel master invented also
an Inttrgment;.Ot torture which he call
ed a ." upper." It was a heavy piece of
leather six inches in diameter with a
hole` a the middle, and "was fastened at
the edge -to: a pliable handle. The pain-
initiated by this brutal , instrument can
well be imagined. At another school,
whipping oflucky wights:was done
uup�won a _of
-nneaked block with a tattling,"
an this expression of colonial seven
:Somata on an additional force and
se
-a,rt elty in our -minds that we do not at
know what a tattling stick was, nor
enderatand whatwasmeant by a Peek-
id
eaked block. Alice " Morse - Earle in hide-
' _pendent. nde-'._pendent.
.1 1
A Common -Sense Crusade,
By way of protest against the manifest
inconvenience- of wearing a long and
trailing skirt on the highway. an asso-
eiation: of sensible young women in
Nattl ighsm, England, have adopted the
_ fashion, of short petticoats for their
-walks abroad. The illustration: shows -
how independently a girl - may fare
through mud and- sin* with skiita seg
efiil niches above her Snide!, The wo=
men of_England are persuading fashion-
able tailors to make short costumes for.
tieir, out -door expeditions natty. and'
trim;- and wed with a facing of soft -
headier easily cleansed when- Splashed.
Thises tumerequires-"aweiI-fittiugboot
since it necessarily leaver the foot ex-
posed to view. It is- to be hoped: that
tine day of short skirts for out=door wear...
well soon dawn for - all' healthy women.
Forthe drawing -room" nothing= rs
beauti€nl as the.trained skirt = It con-
- with it the traditions of the past, -
when queenneatepped proudly over -Pate
tate fools. Eve'ry=fairwoniani iaotegneen"'
in her own riighf, and hersweeping gars
Bennis ern@hs her statelmeseoketh
house.- ton a sloppy =street or
an abysmal rad, what 80 forlorn
Es theclutchmgfrantically at her
Wan, lone of tier best yowl
TAW 1 to Aieep1-.
tate' bee or.
is
rhe monies saafteiesserie Pthger T _..,
Isiah s. Mei:o
n fldetit}_Scation. -.
Mr. Galton devotes hie` life' to the
elucidation of the- queeran he modem
fjndoub#�ly there.: ;le- o hing a_man e
masters Which i t not of 'Mule benefit to
bis fellows; thoughcentnries niay elapse
before the application comes: .Irl thin
present volume Mr. Galton:gives.the rea
sults of a number of years of research,
devoted to those tiny ridges of skit►
which appear in the -ends of the fingers.
They are the so-called "papilliary"
ridges. Carried away by his enthusiasm,
Mr. Galton declaresthatthese markings -
"are in some respects the most important
of all anthropologicaldata." . He makes,`
too. the statement that they "have the
unique merit of retaining all their pecu-
liarities unchanged through life, and af-
ford in consequence an incomparably
surer criterion of identity than any other
bodily feature.
The presence of these minute ridges on
the finger tips became the subject of phy-
siological study long ago. Strangely
enough, they are perfectly defined in
monkeys, but appear "in a much leas
advanced stage in other mammalia."
We know that the finger tips are stud-
dedwith pores. There are an infinite
number of mouths always open which
lead to ducts that secrete perspiration.
The ridges must assist touch, as they-
"help in the discrimination of the char-
acter of surfaces that are variously rub-
bed as held between the fingers. These
ridges are visible in the child unborn;
they increase with the growth of the in-
dividual, and are sharply defined until
old age sets in. Moderate work de-
velops them, and they are visible on the
toes. They are faintly developed in the
hands of ladies." The ensuing state-
ment used by Mr. Galton is not fortu-
nate, for he adds that "they are not
visible on fingers of idiots of the lowest
type, who are incapable of laboring at
all."
What Mr. Galton wants to show is
that through the prints made by the
finger tips we have an absolute method
of identification. As to that stupid
thing, palmistry, our authority says it
has no more significance ' than . have
the creases on old clothes. The ridges -
Mr. Galton divides into three categor-
ies of arches, loops, and whorls,
and his book abounds in curious pictures
of finger prints, magnified by means of
the camera. It seems to us to be terribly
complex. As no two persons' finger tips
are considered to be alike, and as there
is individualism in the fingers of the right
and left hand,and there are ten fingers
in all, there would have to be ten dis-
tinct examinations before an identifica-
tion could be positive.
When one comes to the real practical
use of the finger -mark method it seems
to have none. If there be any reliance
to be putin it as a means of identification
it would require an expert having un-
common powers of observation. When
we are' told that there are "about thirty-
five points (of resemblance) situated on
the bulb of each of the ten digits, in ad-
dition tosnare than 100 on the ball of the
thumb," it may be seen how troublesome
the matter is likely to be. Then, ea one
has to work up over a thousand points
on his own hands. or on somebody else's
hands, hours, days. and weeks might
elapse before anything like i -conclusion.
could be reached. - Scientifically, when
further treated,. the subject may be of
minor interest; practically, it has none
at all. The book, of course, shows that
dilligence and hard work which are coni -
mon to everything Mr. Galton does,but,
really, "the play is not worth the can=
dle."—Literary col. MY Times.
elateaseleeeeseseeeessee
Scientific dote: -
The celebrated high electric light
mast at Minneapolis, which is 257 feet
high, has proved ineffective for lighting
purposes, and know nolonger used, One of the latest inventions in connec-
tion with the application of electricity
to street car -service is a self-lubricating
gear for trolleys, which needs no atten-
tion after being once put in operation.
Carbonic acid gas which is ejected in
large quantities from the earth, is being
utilized in several localities. At Burg
brohl, near Coblentz, "a carbonic acid
spring opened during boring operations,
and which is eight inches wide and some
thirty or forty feet high, is being used
in the impregnation of mineral waters.
The color of certain shrimps and crabs,
and also the color of their eggs, are
knowntovary greatly with theaurround-
mcThose living in green sponges are
h larger, lay vastly more eggs, which
are also a little larger-, and the - shrimps
are green or yelloei, and .the .large claws
are -always - orange -red, : while those - of
the -brown sponges are red, bine or
brown:
Meaning of Words.
Speaking of the strange, eventful his
tory . Of word's, the Hartford Courant
notes that "queen" -originally meant
simply woman,: but now designates the
most . glittering place which the earth
canbestow, while with the slightly dif-
fereat"spelling of "queen" it stands for a
woman of a different sort; so, too,
"knave" at the -start meant only a boy,.
as in the Gernian-form, " knabe" but, toe
boys go .wrong sometimes,- the Word rS
Dine : obtained an unpleasant meaning
-The word otrap"3nig have been added
-aa having had- verb much�the same his-
tory as ''knave for,weaning;":first :a
scion or shoot it next stood_ for it child;:
and now it wanean:inferior devil,;
Lord Bacon spoke of `those most vie-
tnoas and goodly =young imps,:. the Duke
Of Suffolk and his brother."
I[nr sbiiftT of�Peneil ffiarias
The�old fashioned rndiarnbber is not
of muchnowadays, s for it will not
rub lead pencil merks-ont' ` The mater
ialthat enters i topenellsis-grewnim--
proved, and marks made are al-
meet 88tialiirdelibleas ink. Samebodyteils
he follO g in tine
"1 re aember t
`;Ouse s. sty
Curridabemtl
°e<must= t that _ N'ottiingham
armers`-axe. sE h thedtranc of what ve. er ,ras c
vier needful. Re a _ k 4vB ierc id
to>be etch ` 'awnY r4
der drift'
nr"sets long , cube, chairs a
seet emulating ; ung t ie de
Teri. -
pili tu�nn a air
GAIN Grim Winter is upon us; again we must bestir
ourselves to withstand his attacks.
MEMORIES of past winters and by -gone experiences
1 c have taught us what is needed, and we have secured
the best things in -
•
STAPLE and fancy ,Thy Goods, Fine Boots and
- Shoes Mtn and Women's Rubbers
Overshoes, etc,, that the market affords, and at
prices that -keen competition and stern necessity always
offer to the cash buyer. -
-J O YOU KNOW
that the word " CASH " has a wonderful
influence in the world of commerce!
Often and oftengoods are -secured at far less than the cost of production.
This is a lesson we learned long ago, and have constantly used our best en-
_ orgies and cash to secure the bargains offered from time to tune; and we stili
- adhere to the rule of sharing the advantages we receive with our customers.
893
We lead the Van in the MILLINERY BUSINESS
in this section of the country.
Our Customers come from far and near.
4i
a
Our Stock is fully assorted for Winter, and MISS KINSEY will undertake to satisfy the most fastidious iD this line.
ire
We keep constantly on hand a well -assorted stock of CHOICE FAMILY GROCERIES.
Our specialty is TEA. We say without fear of suceessful contradiction that our 25c. and 85c. Tea cannot be beat.
Do not forget the place, . and don't be afraid to ask to see any line, whether you waut to purchase or not, as we
consider it no - trouble to show goods.
REMEMBER—One Price to all ; and
right down' to the limit below which.
honest goods cannot be sold.
4
Montreal House, Gorrie.
. S. BEA
al EAtee & ho4n
At E1�TT.
FORDWICH, ONT.
—0—
Money to Loan on Farm Se-
curity at the Lowest rate
of Interest.
---o
GbOt NOTE DISCOUNTED.
pe cial Attention given
CONVEYANCING
---o-
Is 8. cooti
- North of the Poet Office,
PORDWICH
F'ord'1oh
Roller Mills.
WILSON Banos:, Props.
.
First-class Manitoba . Wheat Flour
manufactured and always kept in Stock
and sold in any quantities..
FLOUR per cwt. $1 90 to $2 00
BRAN., per ton. 10 "00
SHORTS per ton. 13 00
Special attention given to GRISTING,
which is done on the shortest
possible notice.
Highest Price Paid
for Grain.
The mill is fitted throughout
with the very best roller pro-
cess machinery andar pliances
and we are confident of being
able to give perfect satisfac-
tion..
- PATONAGE SOLICITrr. _
WILSON 1r Cs -
ement.
' Tl `i chased a.fnrst-classfull plate glass Hearse I am��in a better position
Star and. ' od t u,o c rtaldn : of this common �.ttnati:before;=and owing to-reductons in
;aftwere. E
we'= d . he rh s { ;:unser of : goods I am tri`a position en :give the use of this mag
;40t rd- naficent Hearse free, that is to- say toy charges will be se;nsore and some
tdsr a Less than before. :' _
C33- 'ice ! 4 V-`;
ember of 'Untarie Scher of E mbalniu
'airriits:re Dealer and -Undertake r
fast JIuroq Gazette.
GORRIE.
Home News,
Diserict News.
Miscellany. -
The Best Advertising Medium in this
section.
Have You Renewed
Your Subscription
for 1893 ?
The $ will be welcome !
OUR
Jobbing -
Department
Is Rsperra
With the Latest Faces of Type, Meet
Modern Conveniences, Rapid Presses
and every facility for turning out
first-class work on the short-
est notice and at the low-
est prices.
ho bave
plat theirfinge
.s began,
the train which later
,snitch like to think t
Buse they
cup of coffee.
for that cup!" they si
which air. Sothern d
fortunes is situated
Broadway. Mr.
thoroug
jected and anddissc o
did not seem to
had not learned
,ugh to forget
�left him alon
of mind- he m
ed him to come and
pyy. The fact that
to hear this play
perate his condition
very bad, and Soth
his opinion, said so
year later pthheey aphthtin
and the telegraphed
ed States for
was then trave
t engageme
ew York, and p
piece. This Mr.
cause he thought
lain, but because h
any salary for twe
return Sothern ask-.
of all people, he
leave one compan -
play the villain in
plied that on the
when he had firs
when he had read
noticed " a wicked
had said to limb:
" That is the man
my play." Acco •. ,
when he was about
had made it a
whereabouts of the
the wicked eyes,
that part. It woul •
ter story if I could
Sothern made the
sensation of the da
say, I cannot do; fa
saw him in the
was very bad in
Mira Helen Dan
seeing him play t
engaged him to pla
company. "—Harpe
Cheap C
A fish frequently
around Vancouver
Technically the
Pacificus, a remar
family Salmonidae
approaching the
never entering rive
cisco Call.
The specimens
length, and have so
ance of an eel, ecce
pointed and coni
mouth. The color
back, passing into
sides and belly,whi
with dirty yellow.
The Indians of V
vicinity use the fis
light. It is the fa
nous of all fishes
animals. It is im
or fry it, for the m
to heat it turns to o
The Indians, who
take them, and, wit
run a :hewer throu
pend them in the
arises from wood
quires the flavor of
smoke helps to pre:
Indians want to ma
they heat them, red
drink the oil.
When they want
dried fish, draw ti
rush pitch or a a
bark of the cypr
arbor vita. as a wi
wood being used f
fish is then lighted
steadily until const/
For
or
Every socie
gaged in popnla
forestry is rendes
service.
- A knowledge of f
eats is calculated to
and ruinous habits
which have already
the possible ornam
and fields and tli
jurionsly those
which nature boon
our protection.
The ruthless and
tion of the native en
the savage scalping
those " arboreal ' k
their heads with pri
up and burning of
rows along our roar
less destruction o:
thickets, whose do
with as much se
poetry, been called
ants of our murm
this wanton waste
provision for our h
has not only depri
country of its orig
changing for the w
our climate and eve
ter supply.
thus con
edge even on this c
is caned by ns civi
to a point by hum
ceases to be improv
simply deairaaction.
Docent t
Reviving an old
company proposes
nested by telegraph
tervala of 200 miles
A new invention
a tdotW`dog • for
timber in place, the
at the cross -legs ant
spring tension.
A recent inventic
emanating of an et
tube filled with hol
the same diameter a
of the tube.
-The perpendicnlai
is visibly affected b�
On every sunny da
a regular the sun. This Pawing,
hen
greater expansion o
the rays of the sun
Anew electric ap
*intended to serve]
fingers, nerves,
T'At_ r�
rtube, inolosi
and it is to
otip in in
to
that won
were in cc