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The Huron Expositor, 1870-02-25, Page 7e 25, 18# 0 a4 AND )DEONS -MED BY VILLI14MS )'! TO ONT. IF PRIZES .1 E BY m' instruments. :TION, TORONTO: 1851. AND DIPLOMA 1 PRIZE/ibi tion, Toronto 1862. r.EAN. UE LOMA,. ibition, i .ingston, 1 I) HIGHLY COMMENDED ribition, Hamilton, 1864. P,. :xhibition London, st Prize and Highly Eded,, Provincial Ex - ower -ower Canada, Mon- CI `i o - PRIZE, chibftion, Toronto, 186. SPECIALLY RECOMMEN- DED,: biiition, Kingston, 186.7. ,;corel of County Exhibitions,. truants have always taken whenever exhibited in ition with others.. FORTE found large and well select- first, and second-class approved le* Union Piano Company's tion is solicited before buying R. 4.. WILLIAMS, Toronto, Ont. 112-1y. is1 H OF. THE H OLLAIt, d begs to inform the Farmers the County of Huron,. that he class .. & SADDLERY 1f O E 'I' I-1 a position to pay cash for all is establishment, he can, and Ir inducements to any other. ,ess here. tS particularly, are acknow- papetant judges to be superior the County and from his tanee''with the wants of the satisfied that all who favor ronage will have no: .cause to kpery sion being given to all' d at his shop, places 'him in a It all work sold by him, and his ie nimble sixpence before the nerve along Farmers and judge charge for showing goods.. e the OM. Post Office, beafor ht WM-. OLIVER< 21st,, 1870. 80-tf. Homemades Cut Outs, )foray and Taste AT BLAND BRO'S, LILOS. God:erieh. Street. I 'ITS 1 kmanship Guaranteed. ES MODERATE. FIXT DOOR TO x Drug Store. . 21st,. 1870 82-tf.- SID LOT FOR SALE rr offers for sale a large Frame x 40,: new, and Village Lot, tilt Church, Seaforthe, Fan e.. e taken in. exchange. Apply ewe: ADEM. McAUKTHER., r `*(. 1870. 112-5ra February 25, 1869. . • THE I UBON EL • ITQB Study of First Principles by Inventors. Let us suppose a man skilled in the use of tools and able to construct. what his brain conceives ; or at least able to superin- tend its construction, and get it properly done. Let us further suppose our inch- , anic to have an inventive mind, .tapable of striking out new and useful methods of ac- complishing work by machinery. Suppose this talent to be so great : that its employ- ment in invention is very desirable, and if properly directed, more likely to prove pro- fitable than any other business in which he oan engage., Now -what kind of knowledge will this man need, in order that is nat;,ve talent and acquired skill way w rk untram elled l We answer he will n ed first a sufficient knowledge of mathema s to be able to gain a knowledge of first principles ; and second, he will need to know the first principles of physics, as well as the first principles upon which modern methods of changing crude materials into finishing fa- brics are based. The knowledge of the first piinciples of physics is necessarynot only to render com- prehensible the means of transmitting , mo- tion and its conversion into work, but also to prevent errors in conclusions in regard to proportions of the parts of machines, and the -results which will follow combination of parts. The knowledge of the first prin- ciples upon which modern industries are based are necessary ; for in most cases, these principles mus 'underlie any new method he may be able to devise. Pecu- liarities of cotton, wool, silk, or linen ma- chinery, originate in the different nature of fibers. Cottpn fibres may be readily drawn longitudinally in either direction ; wool fibers draw only one way, and need oiling or lubricating.iu order to be worked ; flax niers will not draw unless wetted ; silk. fibers are spun to hand by the worms, and are simple threads needing only to be wound, doubledand twisted previous td weaving. We might go on through all the category -of 4uoderri, industries, and in each an illustration of the truth that the .principles upon which they are based are really . first principles, which must be observed in any process designed to supercede them. Thus the principles on which sulpher and phosphorus are removed from iron is a fundamental one connected with the very nrture of those„ impurities ; namely their greed for oxygen. And all the new meth- ods from puddling up to the Bessemer, Heaton, and Ellershausen processes, devised to eliminate sulpher and phosphorus from iron, have been based on the property men- tioned. Bessemer puts in oxygen by pump- ing air into the molten mass ; Heaton! puts in oxygen chemically combined in nitrite of soda, which, decomposing by heat, liberates its oxygen to combine with the sulphur and phosphorus ; Ellershaasen puts in the oxv- gen` combined with iron, as found in certain ores ; while the old method of puddling con- sistsin stirring the partially melted me and exposing it to the free oxygen of the air. Ali these processes rest on a common bads. - The knowledge of first principles corn • prises what is generally understood by the term theory ; and while we are ready to ad-' mit that theory alone cannot subserve the purposes of the inventor or the mechanic, we maintain that practice alone will not answer. The truly great inventor gets as much of both as he can.. The inventor should therefore familiarize himself with processes of all kinds, and should first seek to learn *the general fund- amental principles which underlie the details rather than the .details themselves.; as the details will be far more readily understood and retained in the memory by adopting this method of study, while an intelligent conception of the purpose of, each will also be gained by subsequent study.—Scientific .American. A Negro Senator from Mississippi. Revels, the Mississippi Senator, the first representative of his race and color chosen to fill a seat to the upper branch of the na- tional legislature, made his appearance on Wednesday last on the floor of the senate, at Washington. Revels was dressed in a black suit of fine cloth, coat very long and cle-ical like, and pants and vest. of corres- ponding proportions. He wore dark glokres also, and carried a mulatto colored stick. The distinguished darkey made quite a sen- sation. The moment he came into the senate chamber and took his seat on one of the luxuriouslounges; several senators hur- ried elver to him, bhook him warmly by the hand and welcomed him to Ms new field of labor. Charles Sumner was among the first to offer, in very hearty style smil- ing all overand , saying a quantity of very pretty things, which the colored senator heard with genuine pleasure.- It wa a spectacle worth looking a Up see Sumer and Revels, thus practically illustrat ing : he idea of political and social equality. Th - er. Chandler, Howard, CaeronWarn r, Spencer, Drake, Lewis, Howe, and other senators paid their respects. Ganreron had quite a talk with Revels. Spencer of Ala- bama at down with Revels, and while milt- ing his' congratulations, took a . full survey of the klieg in the gallery, who were lodk- iiig down 'upon the scene, some with ple s- ure and. others with astonishment and hr- , :roe _ .Speneer1 you must know, is a gr at favorite among the ladies. An effort as to get fiery little _Garrett Davis to allow himself to be led into theresence of Revels for introduction, but the presence Kentucki n , fa could not see it ; neither could the - ,s�i�a, ting MeC r eery, colleague of Davis, who clings to the old timep re'udices with true antebellum tenacity.Revels duringall f this time, conductehimself in .a manner that left no room - for adverse criticism. He was dignified, polite, courteous and not near so proud as Sumner himself, whole humility is generally recognised. The Use of Straw. That straw, as a winter feed for all kinds of utock except hogs, will save much grain, none will deny who have given it to their animals. B'it we do not propose to speak of it as animal food, but, as food and pFo- tection to !trees, vines, plants, bushes etc. I- never permit, (as many farmers do) my straw tope to waste. What is not needed for stock I apply over the ground in my orchards and gardens. Over the orchard I spread it broadcast, four to six inches deep, about the middle of December, or a little earlier if the winter weather sets in sooner. Over my strawberry beds I put -it one to two inches thick. Over my rasp- berries I put it the ground about three or four inches , deep. The same around currants and gooseberries, allowinga con- siderable quantity of it to hang in the branches, which I, place on the ground around the bush(s early in April. In this way the plants are kept warm in winter, _and moist and cool around the roots during bearing seasons. By the time the fruit is gathered straw is sufficiently rotted to .be spaded or forked in. 1'teantime the straw inulching-keeps`down .weec's and grass much labor is saved, and more and better fruit produced. A few waggon loads are enough to use on a large garden and orchard. If the straw is, in a half rotted state, all the better; and to obtain this, it is well to have, p.n old stack or pile lying out exposed to the weather, which may be scattered or turned over several times during the year, which greatly facilitates the rotting.— Woodman, in Prairie Farmer. PUBLIC opinion and the law having al !ke proved powerless to check the hor- rible frequency of railroad accidents, science comes to the rescue. A •' Life Preserving Railroad Car" is a queen notion, but a suggestive one, and were it effective, in America at, least, it would find abundant sphere fog usefulness. P2cncla's " preven- titive" for __railroads accidents was to the point, namely, to put a railway director on every cowcatcher; but we believe it was never practically carried into effect. The design in the new invention is said to be to make the cars fire -proof, and so avoid danger -by burning ; and to make them so strong as. to prevent ,.he lossof life by splintering and destruction in collisions. The frame is made of soft steel rods, which it is alleged, wi,l not break by bending, as wood and cast iron do. An indestruction car would seem to be not only desirable for passengers but of benefit to the " accident •insurance" interes'e and indeed to railroad cgnpanies themselves to save their rolling 'stock—more especially on those roads which are in the habit of "telescoping" their cars now and then in full speed collisions. Sheep Husbandry. A writer in the Chicago Republican gives the following encouraging and sensible ad- vice to wool growers: " Sheep hiisbi.ndry and wool growing must son again come into importance, the dull prices for wool and mutton have led to a great slaughter of the sheep ---so much so that flocks now are greatly reduced. ' :Very possibly, by another season wool may begin to increase in price, then sheep will begin to be appreciated, and in two or three years it' will be nothing strange if,there was an- other brisk sheep : fever developed, and many who aie now allowing even their flocks to waste may then he buying themup at fabulous prices. But be that as it may, we think all properly situated farmers would do well to take care of their sheep and flocks and keep them up ; they will pay better at the present prices than grain; besides they will help to sustain the farm so that it will continue to grow grain. Good sheep will always pay better with wool at 35 cents per pound, than wheat at $1 per bushel, therefore stick to die sheep as one of the best resources of the farm, one year with another ; they afford two crops a year, ane of wool sed the other of increase and mutton. Do not 0 o buy so many tliuustrnd dollar bucks, nor yet use coarse and mean ones, not good for anything. -*Sew French Convicts In his. cell (barring the straight -waist- coat) a convict is perfectly free he can do what he likes—remain in bed, get up, go to bed again.. smoke, if he wishes to take ex- eicise, a court yard, surrounded by a kind of portiee to shelter him from the rain, is exclusively reserved for his use. He is as rule treated with the greatest leniency, but he is literally shut out from` the world ; nothing of what takes place outside the prison wails is suffered to reach his ears. Without a special permission, which is nev- er granted, no one is allowed to see him. The governor of the gaol visits him oc- cassonally, and, so far as the regulations permit, lets him pave all he asks for; but the turnkey ..and soldier who watch -him are' expressely forbidden to tell him anything of what is going on out side. M. Dn. Camp tells us that some of the convicts now and thea forget the horror of their position, and talk with their keepers, and that as a rule they revert to the days of their childhood and youth, and then; the force of the dead reality forcingitself upon them; they burst into tears. The chaplain of La Roquette alone has the privilege of entering the con- demned cell at all times. His sad functi- ons are to attend the prisoner to the scaf- fold, and perform the funeral service over his body afterthe execution: • The French= law, less merciful than ours, does not in- form the doonied man of the day vm' ;which.. he will hove to expiate his , crime, So that atter 'a fortnight has `passed- he is sub`` jected to a moial torture which can be more easily conceived than described. "NEW YORK HOUSE." The Subscriber has JUST OPENED! In the above House, A SELECT STOCK OF FRESH GROCERIES .-VJ' I 1\T E 8 1 AND LIQUORS! AND FLOER 6 FEEP! All of which he will self at the LOWEST PAYING PRICES 1 The fact that the entire stock [is Fresh from the wholesale Markets, should be sufficient argu- ment to induce patronage. FARM PRODUCE Taken in exchange for Goods at Cash Prices.,ItA 'Killoran and Ryan's Old Stand. PHILIP CLAPP. Seaforth, Jan'y: 21st, 1870. - 103-tf. $1. Canada Tweeds for 80 cents. AT The New York House. INTER STOC NOW, COMPLETE At the New York House. • A Large Stock of WOOLEN AND READY-MADE CLOTHING;! t,r WM. CAMPBELL. O MERCHANTS, TRADERS, dtc. Ace. The subscriber has just received a large assort- ment of DAY BOOKS, LEDGERS, JOURNALS, Blank Books, Bill Books, Counting -House Diaries, Pocket Diaries :for 1870 Bibles, Prayer Books, . Psalm Books—and - a large assortment of miscellaneous books in splend- did gilt bindings, suitable for Christmas and New Year's Gifts. Sabbath School Books ! ! Reward Tickets, &c. Plain and Fancy Note Paper and Envelopes, Pens, Ink, Pencils, School Books, etc. Musical Instruments ! Accordeons, Concertinas, Violins, violin Strings. Rosin, Bridges, &c. Briar and Mereschaum Pipes, and - Fancy Goods of all kinds. A large assortment of TOYS For Girls and Boys, At LITMSDEN'S Corner Drug and Book Store. Seaforth, Jany. 21st. 1870. 53-tf. FARMERS GO TO M'NAU HT AND TEEPLE, !OR WAGGONS, BUGGIES, GRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, and in A fact, anything drawn by the horse. A large assortment always kept on hand. And for first- class HORSE SHOEING & JOBBING thatis the place. A large stock of Dry Oak, and other Lumber, also Dry Waggon Spokes, for Sale. Seaforth, Feb. 4th, 1870. 11-1y. THE SION OF THE GOLDEN THE subscriber begs to inform the public that he has just received a great variety of Sad- dles and TRUNKS Which he is prepared to sell At Prices Almost Unparelleled. —0 of every description, warrant. COLLARS ed not to hurt the horse's neck. 0 In the way of Harness OF ALL .RINDS, He is, as heretofore, in a position to give his customers as good value for their money as any other establishment in Ontario. Quality of work and material, employed, " indis- putable: 'r SHOP OPPOSITE KIDD & Me t ULKIIV'S. - JOHN CAMPBELL. Seaforth f Jan. 31. I870. 52-tf. FARM FOR SALE. TAF. Subscriber offers for Sale, fifty Acres of good ' land, from forty to forty-five Acres cleared and fenced, and in good state of cultivat- ion, being composed of South -half of Lot, No. one, on: the llth con. Grey on the Gravel Road, adjoining the village of Ainleyville. Tittle in- disputable. For further particulars apply personally or by letter prepaid to D. MOLL1SON, Grey, P. O. Or to JI P. BRINE, Seaforth. Grey, Jan'y. 28, 1870. 112-6ins • INSOLVENT ACT OF 1869. Canada, In the County Court Province of Ontaria.` of the County of Huron County of Huron.. In the Matter) of CHANCY KING, An Insolvent. On Thursday, the tenth day of March next, at the hour' of eleven o'clock in the forenoon, the undersigned will apply to the Judge of the said Court for a discharge under t e said Act. Dated at Goderich, this 26th day of January, A.D. 1870. CHANCY KING, by JOHN BELL GORDON, his Attorney ad litem, Goderich, Jany. 28, 1870. 112-7ins. Notice of Guardianship. 0PICE pis Thereby given that atthe exeuation N of .twenty-one days from date,1 will jap ' l to ; be appointed ` Guardian; ;to. the - person a - estates s a B s of O eorge Burton,; aged 20: years' ;=.Ionath an urton, aged 15 years, and Joseph Burton, aged 8 years, infant children, of Thomas Burton, deceased, late of the Township .of Tuckersmith, in the County of Huron. ANN BURTON, Widow of decealsed Thomas Burps, . : `b3 McCAUGHEY & HOMSTEAD, her Attornies. ' Seaforth, Feb. 11, 1870. 3 -ins. LIVERY STABLE. TAMES ROSS desiries to inform the public 0 that he has opened a New Livery Stable in connection with his hotel, where parties can be accommodated with first class horses and vehicles, at reasonable prices._ . Seaterth, Jan'y. 21st, 1870. 97-tf. WATCH LOST Lost on the 9th Con, Township of Morris, a Hunting Case Silver Watch,—Detached Lever,— Number on case 0748, Between Seaforth Gravel Road and farm of Mr. James McDonald's. Any- person nyperson leaving it with Wm. Farquharson, Black- smith, Walton, will be suitably rewarded, HUGH McKAY, Howick 6th Con. Lot No. 12. 112 Jan. 28, 1870. J. SEATTER, EXCHANGE BROKER, - And dealer in Pure DRUMS. CHEMICALS. AND DYE STUFFS The Drug Department is under the special care of an experienced Clemist. J. SEATTER, Seaforth, Jan'y. 221st, 1870. Std-tf. IT IS UNDENIABLE that the Lockman Ma- chine is notonly the Latest but also thebest .of its kind, before the public. IT IS UNDENIABLE that the Lockman Ma- chine, although not much exceeding in price the very cheapest machine manufactured any- where, is yet Incomparably Superior to any cheap machine yet brought out, IT IS UNDENIABLE that the Lockman Ma- • chine has acnieved an immense popularity in the shert time it has been< before the people. IT IS UNDENIABLE that the Lockman Ma- chine already occupies a position only acord- ed to others after 'yearn of toilsome effort. TT IS UNDENIABLE that the Lockman Ma* chine, by the mere force of its inherit good qualities, is bound to become the universal favor- ite of the Canadian public. IT IS UNDENIABLE thateveryfamily, eith- er in country, town or city, should have a Sewing Machine, and it is equally undeniable that noneis so well adapted for universal use as the Lockman. • T-IFE, Sister and Father within the bounds ' of our happy land, importune their re- spective. USBAND, Brother and Father. until the Millenium (which is sure to follow the universal introduction of the Sewing Machine) has been inaugurated.- , WILSON, ROWMAN & 'CO. Hamilton, Jan. "21, 1870, 111-tf. GO TO THE BEST. The British American AND BRYAN T, STRATTON & ODEL° CONSOLIDATED BUSINESS COLLEGE. Now the- largest, Most extensive and complete; BUSINESS' 'SCHOOL in the country." It 1 the largest staff,of Teachers, the most practical and best adapted business forms, and the _best ar- ranged and most commodious apartments: It is under the management of thorough busi- ness men, fully alive to all the requirements of all the businees.community... _ The advantages, and facilities afforded inthis institutioi are unequelled in the country, and no young man should enter a business career with- out felly availing himself of its benefits. We were awarded the ' F1 RST ' PRIZE TN DU -SINE -SS ; WRITING. -at the late= Provincial Exhibition at London. A; t ' is the Sixth consecutive year that we hasa to n this prize, we feel confident that there can ut one opinion as where to. go to -learn to write, For specimens of writing, bank notes, circulars, &c., address, ODELL & TROUT, .. Toronto,. INSOLVENT.. ACTt O� ` 1889; In the -)44tter,of : HENRY HARVE-Y :SMITH, Aneblenkainats - en The Insolvt has. made an Asei meat: ;oft l ate t, me, -and the Creditors :are, .notified tc iti?ee` at ~the ;ia. realness athlete in Village of Seaforth, in the County of Inion on Saturday the 5th ;day- of February, 1$70, at, the hour ofEleven o'clock ?u-the;fore- iioon, :to reeiye statements of his affairs, and. o appoint an Assignee, _ ., Dated at Goderich this 17th days fieii ry,": A3),,:, 187(• - > JOEN it A.LDEN, intriem Ass.' BENSON & METER'S Solicitors for Seaforth. Seaforth, Jan'y. 28, 1970. 112-3: i7 •