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The Huron Expositor, 1870-02-25, Page 6
8.. -THE HURON EXPOSITOR. Feb. 25, 1870. Good and bad. Husbandry BY HORACE GREELEY. Necessity is the master of .us all. A far- mer may be as strenuous for deep plowing as I am—may firmly believe ° that. the soil should be thoroughly broken up acid pul- verized to a depth of fifteen or thirty inches, according to the crop; but, if all the team he can muster is a yoke of thin, light steers, or a span of old, spavined horses, which have "not even a speakingequaint- ance with grain, what shall we dol. So he may heartily wish he had .a thousand loads of barn -yard manure, and know how to make good use of it ; but, if he has it not, and is not able to buy it, he can't , always forbear sowing and planting, and Iso, be- cause he cannot secure great crops, do with- out any crops at all. . If he does the best he can, - what better can he do Again : Many farmers hat e fields that must await the pleasure of nature to fi them for thorough cultivation. Here is a field --sometimes' a whole farm—which, if partially divested of the primitive forest, is still thickly dotted with obstinate stumps, and filled with green tenacious roots which could only 6e removed at heavy, perhaps ruinous, cost. A rich man might order them all -dug out in a month, and see his order fully obeyed but, except to clear a spot for a garden; or under very peculiar, circumstances it would not pay ; and a poor man cannot afford to incur a heavy expense merely for appearance's sake, or to make a theatrical display of energy. In thegreat majority of cases, he who farms for a living cant't afford to pull great -stumps, but must put- his newly cleared land intograss at the earliest day, mow the smoother and pasture the rougher portion of it, and wait for rain and drought, heat and frost, to rot his stumps until they can be easily pulled or burned out as they stand. So with regard to - a process I detest, known as pasturing, I do firmly believe that the time is at hand when nearly all the food of cattle, will, in our Eastern -and Mid- dle States, be cut and fed to them—that we can't afford much longer, even if we can at present, to let them roam at will over hill and dale, through meadow and forest, bit- ing off the better plants and letting the worse go to seed; often poaching up the soft, wet soil, especially in spring, so that their hoofs destroy as much as they Tat; nipping and often killing in their infancy the finest trees, such ss the sugar maple, . a td leaving only such as hemlock, red oak, beech, etc., to attain maturity. Our race generally emerged from savageism and squalor into industry, comfort, and thrift, through the pastoral condition—the herding,l taming, -rearing and training of animals being that department of husbandry to which barbari- ans are most easily 'attracted; hence,. we cling to pasturing long after the reason for it has vanished. The radical, incurable vice of pasturing—.that of ;devouring the better planus and leaving the worse to form and diffuse seed—can never be wholly obviated: and I deem it safe to estimate that almost any; farrii will carry twice as ru uch. stock if their food be mainly cut and fed to them, aeric will if they are required to pick it up where and as it grows or grew, T ani sure that the general adoption of soiling instead Of pasturing will add immensely to the an- nual product, to the wealth, and to the pop- ulation of our older States. And yet, I know right well that many farms are - now as rough and otherwise unsuited to soiling as to preclude its adoption thereon for niftily years to cdme. j Let me indicate what I mean by Good Farming through an illustration drawn from the G-reat West : All over the settled portions of the Val- ley of the Upper Mississippi and the Mis- souri there are large and small herds of cat- tle that are provided with little or no shel- ter. The lea of a fence or stack, the partial protection of a young and leafeless wood, they may chance to enjoy; but that it is a ruinous .waste to leave thema prey to bit- ing frosts and piercing north -welters? their owners seem not to comprehend. Many farmers far above want 'will this winter feed out fields of corn and stacks of hay to herds of cattle that will - not be one pound heavier on the 1st of next May than they they were on she lst of last December --who have acquired that = fodder merely to pre- serve their uitality and escape freezing to death. It has mainly been employed as fuel rather than as nourishment, and has served, not to put on flesh, but to keep out frost: sheet;, taxing them more than their Nation al,: State, and Local Governments together do. 2, Good' crops rarely fail to yield a pro- fit to the grower. I know there are ex- ceptions, but they are very few. Keep your eyeon the farmer who almost uniform- :ly-ha i great Grans good ,Wheat; heavy Corny" .etc.. and unless he drinks, or has some other bad habit, you will, find him growing rich. I am confident thatwhite blackbirds are nearly as abundent as far- mers who have become poor while usually growing good crops. 3. The fairest and single test of good farming is the increasing productivness of the soil. The farm which averaged twenty bushels of grain to the acre twenty years ago, twenty-five bushels ten years ago, and will measure up thirty bushels to the acro from this year's crop, has been and is in good hands.. I know no other touchstone of farming so unerring as that - of the in- crease or decrease from year to year of its aggregate product -If you would convince me that X is a good farmer, do not tell the of some great crop 11e has just grown,.. but show me that his crop has regularly in- creased from. year to year. I shall have more to say on. these points as I proceed; It suffices for the present if I have 'clearly indicated what,, II mean by good .arid what by bad farming.. -ssa• THE GAELIC LANGUAGE IN SCOTLAND.-- -Out of the 3.395 places of worship in Scot- land, there at least 491, or about one eighth in_whioh the services are administrated, either in whole or in part, in the Gaelic language, at stated times. The six north- ern synods of Scotland comprehend a terri- torial area of nearly eleven' thousand`square miles, or a little more than one third of the kingdom, and in this area Gaelic is the -pre- dominating Language. The test of this must be -held to be the language in which religious srevices - are conducted. In the synods of Argyle, Perth, Stirling, Moray, Ross Sutherland, Caithnass and Glenrig, the Establishment has- 226 and the Free Church 155, making together 384 churches in which services are conducted either wholly or in part in the Gaelic language. -Within the same area there aro but 254 places of worship where Gaelic services are not conducted. Within fifteen Established Presbyteries of the Free Church in these synods there isnot a single church in which the Gaelic services are not conducted, al- though the churches within their bounds number 188. -fib ..► The Rich and the Poor. Now I am familar with the excuses for this waste, but they do not satisfy me. The poorest pioneer might have built for his one cow a rude shelter of stakes and polos, and straw, o'r p airie-grass, if he had realized its impo 1iEe; sim"ply in the light of economy., He wha, has many cattle is rarely without both' 'ti w and tiini e , and might. shelter; his stork i'bundantly if he only woucl. Nay; he coulciii'tIiave neglected or ornitdl' it if he had clearly ililderstood that his:/cattle must somehow tie supplied with lieat, and that he can far `'cheaper , war'm them from without than front Within.- , WHO ENJOYS MOST ? I will say, for example, that you are a working man, earning a pound or two a week, and that I am an independent person with an income of L10,000 a year. I will not take the example of a king, because I apprehend few persons in` their senses would aspire to that uncomfortable position — Well, then, we are both men with the same appetities and senses. As regards our ani mal natures, you eat, drink and sleep ; I can do no more. Provide we both have sufficient, there is no real difference in the satisfactionwe derive from these indulg- ences. My meal may be composed of the so-called " delicacies of the season," while yours may be simple steak and potatoes. When we have both laid down our forks and knives, and cried " Enough," the sen- sation is the same in both instances. If you hanker after my delicacies, you own to a desire to give your palate a passing grati- fication, your food is really more wholesome and nourishing than mine, and if you were content, you would enjoy it quite as much. The real fact ie,, that these delicacies of the season are invented and concocted for me, not because they are good for me, or be- cause there is any peat amount of enjoy- ment n joy- ment in the consumption of them, but be- cause I have a vast deal of money to throw away, I merely conform to a fashion in ordering and paying fur them. I -begin with salmon for instance. You think` -you would like to have salmon every day for dinner. Try it say three or four times consecutit ely. Why, in old days,' before railways established .a ready and rapid communication with the London markets, the servants of country gentle. men residing on the banks of Severn, the Tay, Dee, and Spey, made a stipulation in their terms of engagement that they should not be fed on salmon -any inorQ than three times a week. Pheasant and partridge are delicacies of the season ; but always to nine, on these would be less tolerable than per- petual bread and water. . There is nothing for which a man should be more thankful than an ever -recurring appetite for plain beef and mutton—nothing except the means of indulging that appetite.. Those highly - spiced dishes, called by' French names. which are set upon the tables of the rich and great, are mere cooks' tricks to stimu- late the languid appetite. Te -hanker after such things is to have a longing after physic, not for wholesome food. Many grand folks who habitually eat them. are miserable_ creatures who have to coax theirstnniachs at every meal—pitiable victims of dyspepsia' and gout. People who envy the luxurious feasts of the rich, should know that the wise men who sit down to them only make x pretence of partaking =of 4he -so-called -.:good things that st laceflt.}More;the,w:•I .A 1AY- .heard ilk` r t e . ue't ministers,: before they : ga - into.th-e ;Ayr to` -the Lord Mayor's banquet, _dine quietly at home oa asome simple .—arid 'wholesome viand, knowing that there- will - `'he maty dishes <,�nsthel 1,e gro tning. tables of :Guildhall which they dare not touch. The ;Queen Npreads )leri table -:with 11-' the mo$ a `elalio te' pf,iiductiox* of the.. Gitlivary--.,.art ; r bufrYab yet40 es er-41in iaer, off .-e1L1) The broad, general unquestionable truths on which I insist in behalf of Good Farm in are these ; and I do not admit that they are sty-bject to exception. 1. It is very rarely 'impracticable to grow -good crops, if you are willing to work for gena. If your land is too poor to gqw Whet it or'Corn, and you are not yet able to en} a pit, sow Rye- or Buckwheat ; earn o't :c pair it to grow good crop of any! thing, let it -alone, and, if -you cadet trim- awn.it, work out by the day or 0 l , foto f i,r:more fortunate: neighbours.:.. Tito, ti t. <l meanssquandered :inn trying g;to- ��n - _ grow crops where only half or quarter crops can be mit`de-_eonst furter "the heaviest item on-thewrang side' bf oiir farmers balance - Are offering GREAT BARGAIN TO CASH BUYERS ! IN THE GROCERY AND WINE TRADE. The Stock is very large, and MUST BE SOLD To made room for further purchases. It comprises the followingstaple articles :- 200 half cheats Fine Young Hyson Tea, 100 boxes New Raisins, 50 barrels New Currents, 10 hhds, Bright Cuba Sugar, 100 barrels Yellow Refined Sugar, 200 barrels No. 1 Labrador Herrings, 50* do White Fish, fall catch, 50 do Trout, " " 100 barrels Superior Windsor Whiskey, 50 barrels Old Rye and Malt do Also a large and well selected stock of GENERAL GROCERIES ! . Too numerous to mention. - Give them a call and see for yourselves. KILLORAN and RYAN. Jan. 21st 1870. 111-3m. CLEARING SALE OF WI\TER GOODS READY -MADE CLOTHING, CANADA TWEEDS Flannels, Clouds, Hoods, Also a large assortment /of WOOLEN GOODS. NEW FALLS WINTER GOODS. KIDD & III!'MULKIN,'` ARE prepared to show the Largest Stock of DRY 000DS! Consisting,of the Latest Styles of Dress Patterns, in Irish and French Poplins, all Wool Plaids, French Merinoes, and Twills of various kinds, ever offered in Seaforth. 10 per cent allowed on all Cash purchases over $2.00. 1• J. Bonthron & Sons Seaforth, Jan'y. 28, 1870. 52-tf.. Their Millinery Depart— ment. Is furnished with a large assortmcnt of Hats, ' Bonnets and Mantles of the Latest Fashi- ons, VERY CHEAP. READY-MADE CLOTHING ! For the Million. GOOD TWEED SUITS FOR :TEN DOLLARS. BOOTS & SHOES ! CHEAPER THAN EVER. Also a very choice stock of Fresh Groceries ! Be sure and call for their $1.00 Tea. 25 lbs. Rice for $1 ; 11 lbs. Raisins. and 10 lbs. good bright Sugar. FI. VE AND COURSE SALT. Give them a Call. KIDD & McMULK1N. Seaforth, Jan'y 5th, 1870. SIGN OF THE sits O 1!N HAS '�- CIRCULAR SAW Wm. Robertson & Co., DEALERS IN ALL KINDS OF SHELF AND HEAVY HARDWARE Paints, Iron, Oils, Glass, Steel, Putty Vic, Blacksmith Coals, Victoria Organs AND MELODEONS MANUFACTURED BY R. S. WILLIAMS, Hubs, Rims, Spokes, Weavers' Supplies of all kinds. JACKSC R EWS TO HIRE; .13e ►forth„, 28, 1870. _ _.11t TORONTO ONT. LIST OF PRIZES TAKEN BY R. S- Williams' Instruments. UNION EXHIBITION, TORONTO, 1861. FIRST PRIZE AND DIPLOMA .1 FIRST PRIZE, Provincial Exhibition; Toronto, 1862. FIRST PRIZE AND DFPLOMA, Provincial Exhibition, Kingston, 1863. FIRST PRIZE AND .HIGHLY COMMENDED Provincial Exhibition, . Hamilton, "1864. FIRST PRIZE, Provincial Exhibition, London, 1865. First Prize and Highly Recommended, Provincial Ex- hibition, Lower Canada, Mon- treal, 1865. FIRST PRIZE, Provincial -Exhibition, Toronto, 1866. FIRST PRIZE .& SPECIALLY RECOMMEN- DED, Provincial Exhibition, Kingston, 1867. We have kept no record of County Exhibitions, at which our Instruments have always taken FIRST PRIZES, whenever exhibited in competition with others. PIANO FORTE Our stock will be found large and well reelect ed, and comprises first and second-class approved makes, and the new Union Piano Company's Piano. An inspection is solicited before buying. Address, R. S. WILLIAMS, Toronto, Ont. 112-1y Toronto, Jany. 28, 1870. SIGN OF THE COTCH COLLAR, THE nndersigued begs to inform the Farsand others of the County of Huron, that he has opened a first class HARNESS & SADDLERY ' IN SEAF0i=t T111 And being in a position to pay cash for all material used at his establishment, he can, and will offer superior inducements to any other party doing business here. fl IS COLLARS particularly, are acknow ledged -by eompetant judges to be superior to any made in the County. and from his thorough acquaintance with the wants -of the community, he is satisfied that all who favor nim with their patronage will have Ito cause to regret doing so. His personal supervision being given to all work manufactured at Ms shop, places him in a position to warrant all work sold by him, and hips motto will be the nimble sixpence before the slow shilling." Come along Farmers and judge for youselves. No charge for showing goods. IsrShop opposite the Old Post Office, Seaforth WM. H. OLIVER. Seaforth, Jany, 21st, 1870. 80-tf. FARMERS! tilirGet your, Homemades Cut Out. With Economy and Taste AT SUTHERLAND BROIL TAILORS.- Goderich Street. C -OCD FITS Anc! rWorkmanship Guaranteed. CHARGES MODERATE. NEXT DOOR TO. Lumsden's Drug Store, Seaforth, Jan'y. 21st, 1870 - HOUSE AND LOT FOR SALE IIE Subscriber offers for sale a large Frame Cottage, 30 x 40, new, and Village Lot, opposite the Baptist Church, Seaforth. , Fa.rn . property woula-be taken, inexchange. Apply ea.a the Preuiiises 5� ; I LEX. McA II$7') • ,. ! - 8eaf4:irth, JUL 28. 1870, 112.6th' fitly Let us of s of tools an brain con tend its done. Le anis to ha striking ou coinplishi1 this talent trin in prolentperly di= fitable than cru engage. will th ma talent and ed Wim° sufficient k able to gain and second., principles o principles u ehangin cr brics are ba. The kno physics is n prehensible tion and its to prevent e proportio the results of parts. - T ciples upon based are these prinei method he Rarities of c chinery, ori of fibers. drawn lou wool fibers .( oiling or lul flax tib r:S w fiber$ are sp, are sirx,i)le wound, dou. weaving We Inigh .f rlodern, illustration upon which principles, w process desi Ththe aEnd phusospbo f clamental miunnts of th greed for ox ods from pu Heaton, and to eliminate :s iron, have be_ boned. ing air into in oxygen ch soda, which, its oxygen to phosphorus gen combine ores ; while sists•i-n stirrin exposing it t All these p basis. The knowl prises what term theory shit that thea purposes of tl we maintain answer '1'lio much of both: The invent himself with should 'first amen talprinc rather than t details will b and retained this method o conception of be gained by American. , A. Negro S Revels, the representat v, to fill a seat tional legislat Wednesday 1 at W shingto black suit 4 oleical like, _:a ponding pro also, and c tri The distingu' sation. The senate chain the luxuriou rieci over the hand and field of labor. the first to 0 ing all over ;a pretty things, heard with g spectacle wort and Revers, t] idea of politic er. Chandler, Spencer, Drak senators paid quite a talk w ba ma. eat dew ing his eon of the ladies ing down Alpo ore and ©the ror. _Spencer favorite amen to get fiery l himself to be ,1 for xntrodi ct' could not see ting ¥oOr•ee clings to the antebellum this tune, von that left no Ile was near so proud humility is go