Zurich Herald, 1953-02-19, Page 3Th an Who Put
"' lyu der On The Map"
The man who "pint murder on
the map" as far as the English.
reading world is concerned was
at cherubic, rosy -faced, elderly,
kind-hearted Seer whrr died at
84 last year, and whose name was
William Roughead.
His was a familiar figure in the
law courts of Edinburgh, Glas-
gow ,and the assize towns. Every
court official lx the country
knew 'him. and knew, Moreover,
that if there was an unusual, ex-
citing, or even mildly interesting
murder trial on that William
Roughead would be there taking
notes, watching, listening, and
observing the slightest detail in
the behaviour of the accused, the
witnesses. the counsel, and the
judge,
Chat About Crime
I knew Roughead for many
• years. I used often to visit him
on Sunday evenings for a chat
about crime over his admirable
malt whisky (warm and mellow
like himself), writes Moray Mc-
Laren in "Answers." He was a
Scottish lawyer, and used his
legal knowledge to explore the
byways of . crime — particularly
murder. It was his editing of, and
his introductions to, a well-
known series of books, entitled
"Notable British Trials," which
made that series famous indeed.
Rotgghead's methods of writing
about crime were as painstaking
and punctilious as those of any.
detective in fiction, or in real life
bent on tracking down the crim-
inal. There was no detail that the
left untouched in his researches.
He not only read through • the
verbatim reports of the Scottish
trials taken down by the official
shorthand writers to the High
Court in Scotland, but pursued
down to the smallest point of fact
every known thing in the history
of the accused, of the victims,
of the witnesses, and often of the
legal officials in the trials..
(Human Mania
fie had in his possession a small
museum of crime, including the,
chair with which the unfortunate
Miss Gilchrist was battered to
-death by the mysterious and un-
known assailant for whose vic-
ious attack Oscar Slater was un-
justly condemned just before
World War One, that it was large=
ly due to Boughead's unremitting
toil and .•the late Sir Arthur
Conan Doyle's publicity efforts
that Slater's. penal servitude for
life was cut short and a free par
don granted him; with;.a• sun --*of
money by • way of recompense.•
Neither Roughead nor Conan,
Doyle got much thanks for this
light For. Coronation --The fila-
ment of the Tight bulb, above,
in the form of a crown and the
royal cypher of Queen Eliza-
beth 11 is one of the souvenirs
of Coronation Year which have
been approved by the Corona.
tion Souvenirs Committee.
long labour in the cause of pure
justice.
Roughead used to take two or
more years to prepare one of his
famous "Trial" books. He knew,
of course, every corner of every
Court of Justice in the country,
and every official personality
connected with them. But he
would also visit the places where
the murders or alleged •murders
had taken place,
If the trial was concerned with
a lmppening that had occurred
many years ago, he would dig
out of the obscurest libraries
every piece of printed material,
whether exact or scurrilous,
whether picturesque or merely
libellous, and sift the grain from
the chaff.
If the trial was of more recent
date he would (without giving
offence) talk to every available
person connected with the event.
•Roughead so lived in his books
when he was writing them that
e used to conceive quite an af-
fection for his characters. He
used to refer to • Katherine
Nairne, the Baby Fernier, as "My
Katherine." He told me that for
the first ten years after he began
to be interested in the classic
Madeleine Smith case, be was
convinced that she had been
guilty of poisoning her lover
L'Angelier by arsenic in a cup
of cocoa. For the next ten years
'he thought her innocent, but for
the remainder of his long life he
held her guilty.
"But," he would add, "what a
lass she must have been — what
a lass! I was in love with the
idea of her all the time."
He began his writing about
crime with a two-year study of
the Arran murder in the 1890s,
when one mountain climber was
accused of pushing another over
a precipice, This two years'
labour was wasted for fear of of-
fending relatives.
Bangs of Death
In disappointment, Willie Roug-
head turned to the unspeakable
poisoner, Dr. Pritchard. This man
murdered his mother-in-law, the
n.aid in his house, and his wife,
praying by her bedside while
she was in the pangs of death
which he had induced, and actual-
ly entering in his diary on the
day she died a note of his sorrow
and the words of his prayer.
Willie Roughead specialized in
..dry comment. on dreadful facts,
but on this occasion he really let
hilnselt go: .
"Thus perished on the scaf-
fold one whom many in that
vast assemblage" (Pritchard
was the last man to be hanged
in public in Scotland) "must
long have known only as the
urbane and dourteous gentle-
man,. the kindly physician, and
the amiable and pious philan-
thropist ... However, no crim-
inal career of which we have
any record exhibits a more
shocking combination of wick-
edness,hypocrisy, and blas-
phemy."
"Truth," they say, "is stranger
than fiction." Wille Roughead
certainly ,proved the truth of this
maxim in the realm of murder.
OVERWORKED WORDS
The odds are more than 100
to 1 that you use 10 words one
fourth of the time: the, and, to,
you, of, be, in, we, have, it.
Without them you could hardly
talk at all. The odds are also 100
to 1 that 300 words make up
three quarters of all the words
you speak and write. For the
record Shakespeare used 16,000
words. Milton, 8,000. The ' Bible
uses 5,000. A. well-educated man
commonly uses 2,000. An un-
skilled .laborer hardly knows the
meaning oi more than the 800
most common, words in the lan-
guage.
CROSSWORD
PUZZLE
ACROSS
1. Srnal+ *wallow
4 Ocean
7 walk slowly
12 Olid number
18. 'Vasa
14, Straightedge
15. I3tjeest
17, ruffle
18. indigo plant
19 Put7s up
21. Fresh suPPly
21 Matt before
24. Pull after
27. Stripsd colors)
20, Orntit
80. ronststittg
of. linea
311 Flew aloft
266. Part of the eye
22 OR of rose
• attar
38 'entle stroke
39. Ftumminghird
40, pbtamtnntions
34. Return
47. Send out
18. Filnndly
pleasing
50 Earthly
52. tltnvtng
88 Turkish title
54, 8'1ra
66. Pares
80. 1Cnoclt
57. Corded febrle
DOWN
t. 01 the sun
2. Mills
2. Danger
4.
Institute gait
5. Gaelic
0, Thise a )reale
13 Coat' with a
(lard surface
30 till It 11111U1,3
22 41.l1irmative
85
26
attrget1 22
mountain crest 28
8 Donkey 00
e Tu milt
10.Uutded 31
11 Before
vote
Lyme poen
Ai.a rr•2
Courageous
Procession
Part of the
mouth
The of Lia' d's
tars
42 Salt of nitric
acid
81 •'ereal seed
37 Lfieerystoiiived
product
30 Declares
41. Dame
42 Slight
coloration
12 Precipitous
43 wickedness
40 Tissue
18 Weaken
ll t;tilise
51, 'year
lirpyfai
At swcr EIsewheW a1 1 This )'age
^ A.n': ::1
They Met at the Pump --While Mike Baglin, left, 18 months old,
was having a quantify of int poison pumped out of him in a
hospital, Bobby McPheter, 1, showed up, also needing a pumping-
out. Bobby had swallowed moth balls. Nurse Bonnie Norman
tends the' howling infants.
TIIEFMN FRONT
Harry Sokol, of Monmouth Co.,,
N.J., hasn't had any coccidiosis
on his place for the past 3 years.
—yet he raises a 6000 -bird re-
placement flock every year. The
secret of his success, he believes,
lies in following as closely as pos-
sible the methods of the broody
hen who steals a nest and raises,
a brood of chicks. "She ,doesn't
keep them in a hot room and.,
protect them from fresh air," he
declares. "Neither do I."
Even in Jan. or Feb. the ..win-
dows on the front of his brooder
rooms are kept open day and •
night as soon as the 'chicks are 2
or 3 wks. old. Often, there will
be a little ice forming on the
drinking fountains, Yet his, mor-
tality .for''` the 10 -or 11 -week
brooding period will be only 1 •
to 2%.
* **
Sokol starts 400 chicks in each
of his 20 -by -20 pens. "They grove
better in small families," he. ex-
plains. "In a small pen you never
get too much of a crowd under
one stove."
• * *
The "waren spot" in each pen is
provided by a gas-fired brooder
stove—and it's placed not in the
center, but near a corner. After
the first week or 10 days, Sokol
cuts the temperature under the
hover to no more than 70°. The
local gas company reports that
he uses less gas per stove than
anyone else around writes M. A.
Clark. in Country Gentleman.
. » a
For a deep, dry, nestlike litter,
Sokol uses 4 bales per pen of
either chopped straw or shredded
sugar -cane fiber. The .latter cost
hint $1.85 a 100-1b. bale early in
1932. When first put in, the litter
--especially the chopped straw
litter—is nearly knee deep and
Sokol has to be careful in step-
ping around so that lie doesn't
put a foot on some chick that has
burrowed down after the grain he
scatters about the pen each day.
* *
Litter was fluffy and dry as
dust all the way to the concrete
floor, although it rained for six
days straight last April. Only
time there is ever a trace of
dampness, Sokol says,, is occasion-
ally under the roosts the, first
few days after he lets them down
from the ceiling. He does this
when the birds aro 4 or 5 wits
old.
0'V
Sometimes, Sokol will re -use
the salve litter for a second
brood, yet still has no 'trouble
from "eoxy." With cool room
brooding, plenty of fresh air, and
deep, dry litter, his birds feather
fast. To further help them make
the change from brooder house
I. to range gradually, he has a
fenced -in "yard range" outside
each pen and opens the door so.
they can rtm outside after they
are 5 or 6 wks, old. "I'd be able
to put them on open range even
younger than I do if it weren't
for the crows," he says.
* *
Aside from his unusual *brood-
ing methods Sokol follows gen-
erally accepted methods in feed-
ing, vaccinating and other man-
agement practices? He has had
25 years experience in the poultry
business.
Use Rats To Test
41.. Diet -Alcohol .-Theory
Two Yate University scientists
have shattered a growing belief
that • bad diet has much to do with
alcoholism. Their tests were made
with rats, but are all the more.
startling because they are an ex-
tension of others made here and
abroad. A.11 told, 25,000 individual
tests on forty albino male rats
were carried out over an eleven -
month period.
After world-wide attempts to
connect defects in nutrition or
metabolism with alcoholism in
man it was discovered that if rats
4. could choose between drinking
water and alcohol, they would
choose water on a good diet,
alcohol on a deficient diet. To
some scientists this helped to
explain why men and women be-
come alcoholics.
Taste for Alcohol
Greenberg and Lester decided
that the evidence in favor of such
a • conclusion • was insufficient.
They fed experimental rats in test
cages on diets of varied nutrition-
al value, In each cage; just as
their predecessors had done,
Greenberg and Lester put a cup
of water and another that con-
tained alcohol. The poor -diet rats
promptly went for the alcohol.
Next the Yale team carried out
their simple idea to prove the
whole thing wrong. In each cage
they put a third cup which con-
tained a different solution, some-
times just sugar -water, sometimes
a fluid fat, sometimes saccharine.
The result was immediate and
startling. Rats on bad diets that
had been lapping up alcohol, gave
it up on the spot and turned to
the third cup.
11 the third solution was sugar -
water, even rats used to large
amounts of alcohol quit their tip-
pling entirely. But if the sugar -
water cup was empty the rats
went back to the alcohol, Sac-
charine and fat solutions also
drew the rats away, but not so
readily as the sugar -water.
Temperate Rats
To Greenberg and Lester it is
clear "from the present data that
as the choice of substances pre-
sented to the rat is widened to in-
clude more than alcohol and
water, the seeming preference for
alcohol vanishes." The extension
of the idea to human alcoholism
is not justified—"not only be-
cause man is not bound by the
restrictions imposed on animals in
experiments of this type, but
because the behavior of the
animals does not parallel that of
the human alcoholic."
The Yale men found that rats,
even though they were kept con-
stantly supplied with alcohol,
never became intoxicated. They
spread their alcoholic intake over
an entire day, never drinking
enough at any one time to get
soused.
It seems that rats don't drink
like men. Human alcoholics drink
to get drunk. Rats don't.
Speedy Camera
A new camera, believed to be
the fastest of its kind, has been
• developed by the University of
California's Los Alamos Scienti-
fic Laboratory, Explosive pheno-
mena can be photographed at
speeds up to 3,500,000 frames
per second (about 150,000 times
as fast as the usual picture seen
at a movie theatre). A small
thin two-faced mirror which ro-
tates at 10,000 revolutions per
second makes this high speed
possible. The image of the ob-
ject is relayed from the surfaces
of the mirror to successive posi-
tions on the film strips through a
series of lenses. The "shutter" is
a small block of plate glass which
is shattered and rendered -vir-
tually opaque within a few mili-
lionths of a second by a shock
wave from a high -explosive det-
onator. Initially "open," the
shutter remains so during a com-
plete sequence of fifty to 100 pic-
tures, which are taken in one
twenty -thousandth of a second.
to "A New, Liberated Egypt"—Celebrating six months as Egypt's
premier, Gen. Mohammed Naguib, reaffirms his loyalty to
Egypt as he addresses a crowd of 100,000 gathered in Cairo's
Liberty Square.
IIMtY SCIIOOL
LESSON
By Rev. ft. Barclay Warren
B.A... B.D.
How Jesus Answered Questions
Matthew 22:15.2?, 34 -40
)Memory Selection: Never ma22
spake Iike this man. John 1:46
Many questions are asked of
those in public life. Some are
for information; others are for
the purpose of entangling the
public speaker. But Jesus was
more than a match for his ene-
mies. His answer with respect to
paying tribute is a classic. They
used Caesar's coin; they must ad-
mit his right to collect tribute.
But there is also an obligation
to God. Some today would mar
the truth that Jesus was teach-
ing.
eaching. They place their business
life and their religious life in twte
rn u t u a 11y exclusive compart-
ments. What goes on in one is
no business of the other. A col-
oured woman was openly approv-
ing of the preacher's sermon. But
when he began to speak of the
evil of stealing chickens she turn-
ed to the woman next to her and!
said with disgust, "Ah, now he's
quit preaching and gone to med-
dling."
Jesus silenced the Saducees
who did not believe in the res-
urrection. He gave them more
than they asked. He lifted the
conception of the future life
from the merely materialistic. To
the clever lawyer he gave an
answer at which we would never
have guessed but to the truth of
which we must all readily assent.
Picking out two commands which
had lain separate and obscured
in the Old Testament he put
them together and said, "Ola
these two commandments hang
all the law and the prophets." Of
course, to love God supremely
and our neighbour as we love
ourselves is the answer to all our
ills, personal and social. Yes,
Jesus gave the answers quickly
and simply and the world has
been pondering them ever since.
"The Saviour can solve every
problem,
The tangles of lite can unrlo:
There is nothing too hard for
Jesus,
There is nothing that He can-
not do."
NO REPERTOIRE
Abel Green, the editor of
Variety, tells about a vaude-
villian who boasted to an agent,
"My name is Projecto, and I can
fly. Just let me show you my
act." The blase agent consented
to go with him to an empty
theatre nearby. True to his
word, the actor promptly took
off from the stage, spiraled to
the ceiling, circled the auditori-
um a couple of times, and zoom-
ed down in a perfect glide. The
agent yawned and said, "So you
can imitate boide. Whet else can
you do?"
(Upside clown to prevent peeking)
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. • ITTER —HELLO. • IT'S 11Mlz 3
-, Fore DINNER..,- - ✓'
,
By .Arthur Poinn'tor•
LOOK,FELLA.
T OON'r MEAN „# .
TO SCARS YOu
COME ON t
DOWN.