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Zurich Herald, 1953-02-19, Page 3Th an Who Put "' lyu der On The Map" The man who "pint murder on the map" as far as the English. reading world is concerned was at cherubic, rosy -faced, elderly, kind-hearted Seer whrr died at 84 last year, and whose name was William Roughead. His was a familiar figure in the law courts of Edinburgh, Glas- gow ,and the assize towns. Every court official lx the country knew 'him. and knew, Moreover, that if there was an unusual, ex- citing, or even mildly interesting murder trial on that William Roughead would be there taking notes, watching, listening, and observing the slightest detail in the behaviour of the accused, the witnesses. the counsel, and the judge, Chat About Crime I knew Roughead for many • years. I used often to visit him on Sunday evenings for a chat about crime over his admirable malt whisky (warm and mellow like himself), writes Moray Mc- Laren in "Answers." He was a Scottish lawyer, and used his legal knowledge to explore the byways of . crime — particularly murder. It was his editing of, and his introductions to, a well- known series of books, entitled "Notable British Trials," which made that series famous indeed. Rotgghead's methods of writing about crime were as painstaking and punctilious as those of any. detective in fiction, or in real life bent on tracking down the crim- inal. There was no detail that the left untouched in his researches. He not only read through • the verbatim reports of the Scottish trials taken down by the official shorthand writers to the High Court in Scotland, but pursued down to the smallest point of fact every known thing in the history of the accused, of the victims, of the witnesses, and often of the legal officials in the trials.. (Human Mania fie had in his possession a small museum of crime, including the, chair with which the unfortunate Miss Gilchrist was battered to -death by the mysterious and un- known assailant for whose vic- ious attack Oscar Slater was un- justly condemned just before World War One, that it was large= ly due to Boughead's unremitting toil and .•the late Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's publicity efforts that Slater's. penal servitude for life was cut short and a free par don granted him; with;.a• sun --*of money by • way of recompense.• Neither Roughead nor Conan, Doyle got much thanks for this light For. Coronation --The fila- ment of the Tight bulb, above, in the form of a crown and the royal cypher of Queen Eliza- beth 11 is one of the souvenirs of Coronation Year which have been approved by the Corona. tion Souvenirs Committee. long labour in the cause of pure justice. Roughead used to take two or more years to prepare one of his famous "Trial" books. He knew, of course, every corner of every Court of Justice in the country, and every official personality connected with them. But he would also visit the places where the murders or alleged •murders had taken place, If the trial was concerned with a lmppening that had occurred many years ago, he would dig out of the obscurest libraries every piece of printed material, whether exact or scurrilous, whether picturesque or merely libellous, and sift the grain from the chaff. If the trial was of more recent date he would (without giving offence) talk to every available person connected with the event. •Roughead so lived in his books when he was writing them that e used to conceive quite an af- fection for his characters. He used to refer to • Katherine Nairne, the Baby Fernier, as "My Katherine." He told me that for the first ten years after he began to be interested in the classic Madeleine Smith case, be was convinced that she had been guilty of poisoning her lover L'Angelier by arsenic in a cup of cocoa. For the next ten years 'he thought her innocent, but for the remainder of his long life he held her guilty. "But," he would add, "what a lass she must have been — what a lass! I was in love with the idea of her all the time." He began his writing about crime with a two-year study of the Arran murder in the 1890s, when one mountain climber was accused of pushing another over a precipice, This two years' labour was wasted for fear of of- fending relatives. Bangs of Death In disappointment, Willie Roug- head turned to the unspeakable poisoner, Dr. Pritchard. This man murdered his mother-in-law, the n.aid in his house, and his wife, praying by her bedside while she was in the pangs of death which he had induced, and actual- ly entering in his diary on the day she died a note of his sorrow and the words of his prayer. Willie Roughead specialized in ..dry comment. on dreadful facts, but on this occasion he really let hilnselt go: . "Thus perished on the scaf- fold one whom many in that vast assemblage" (Pritchard was the last man to be hanged in public in Scotland) "must long have known only as the urbane and dourteous gentle- man,. the kindly physician, and the amiable and pious philan- thropist ... However, no crim- inal career of which we have any record exhibits a more shocking combination of wick- edness,hypocrisy, and blas- phemy." "Truth," they say, "is stranger than fiction." Wille Roughead certainly ,proved the truth of this maxim in the realm of murder. OVERWORKED WORDS The odds are more than 100 to 1 that you use 10 words one fourth of the time: the, and, to, you, of, be, in, we, have, it. Without them you could hardly talk at all. The odds are also 100 to 1 that 300 words make up three quarters of all the words you speak and write. For the record Shakespeare used 16,000 words. Milton, 8,000. The ' Bible uses 5,000. A. well-educated man commonly uses 2,000. An un- skilled .laborer hardly knows the meaning oi more than the 800 most common, words in the lan- guage. CROSSWORD PUZZLE ACROSS 1. Srnal+ *wallow 4 Ocean 7 walk slowly 12 Olid number 18. 'Vasa 14, Straightedge 15. I3tjeest 17, ruffle 18. indigo plant 19 Put7s up 21. Fresh suPPly 21 Matt before 24. Pull after 27. Stripsd colors) 20, Orntit 80. ronststittg of. linea 311 Flew aloft 266. Part of the eye 22 OR of rose • attar 38 'entle stroke 39. Ftumminghird 40, pbtamtnntions 34. Return 47. Send out 18. Filnndly pleasing 50 Earthly 52. tltnvtng 88 Turkish title 54, 8'1ra 66. Pares 80. 1Cnoclt 57. Corded febrle DOWN t. 01 the sun 2. Mills 2. Danger 4. Institute gait 5. Gaelic 0, Thise a )reale 13 Coat' with a (lard surface 30 till It 11111U1,3 22 41.l1irmative 85 26 attrget1 22 mountain crest 28 8 Donkey 00 e Tu milt 10.Uutded 31 11 Before vote Lyme poen Ai.a rr•2 Courageous Procession Part of the mouth The of Lia' d's tars 42 Salt of nitric acid 81 •'ereal seed 37 Lfieerystoiiived product 30 Declares 41. Dame 42 Slight coloration 12 Precipitous 43 wickedness 40 Tissue 18 Weaken ll t;tilise 51, 'year lirpyfai At swcr EIsewheW a1 1 This )'age ^ A.n': ::1 They Met at the Pump --While Mike Baglin, left, 18 months old, was having a quantify of int poison pumped out of him in a hospital, Bobby McPheter, 1, showed up, also needing a pumping- out. Bobby had swallowed moth balls. Nurse Bonnie Norman tends the' howling infants. TIIEFMN FRONT Harry Sokol, of Monmouth Co.,, N.J., hasn't had any coccidiosis on his place for the past 3 years. —yet he raises a 6000 -bird re- placement flock every year. The secret of his success, he believes, lies in following as closely as pos- sible the methods of the broody hen who steals a nest and raises, a brood of chicks. "She ,doesn't keep them in a hot room and., protect them from fresh air," he declares. "Neither do I." Even in Jan. or Feb. the ..win- dows on the front of his brooder rooms are kept open day and • night as soon as the 'chicks are 2 or 3 wks. old. Often, there will be a little ice forming on the drinking fountains, Yet his, mor- tality .for''` the 10 -or 11 -week brooding period will be only 1 • to 2%. * ** Sokol starts 400 chicks in each of his 20 -by -20 pens. "They grove better in small families," he. ex- plains. "In a small pen you never get too much of a crowd under one stove." • * * The "waren spot" in each pen is provided by a gas-fired brooder stove—and it's placed not in the center, but near a corner. After the first week or 10 days, Sokol cuts the temperature under the hover to no more than 70°. The local gas company reports that he uses less gas per stove than anyone else around writes M. A. Clark. in Country Gentleman. . » a For a deep, dry, nestlike litter, Sokol uses 4 bales per pen of either chopped straw or shredded sugar -cane fiber. The .latter cost hint $1.85 a 100-1b. bale early in 1932. When first put in, the litter --especially the chopped straw litter—is nearly knee deep and Sokol has to be careful in step- ping around so that lie doesn't put a foot on some chick that has burrowed down after the grain he scatters about the pen each day. * * Litter was fluffy and dry as dust all the way to the concrete floor, although it rained for six days straight last April. Only time there is ever a trace of dampness, Sokol says,, is occasion- ally under the roosts the, first few days after he lets them down from the ceiling. He does this when the birds aro 4 or 5 wits old. 0'V Sometimes, Sokol will re -use the salve litter for a second brood, yet still has no 'trouble from "eoxy." With cool room brooding, plenty of fresh air, and deep, dry litter, his birds feather fast. To further help them make the change from brooder house I. to range gradually, he has a fenced -in "yard range" outside each pen and opens the door so. they can rtm outside after they are 5 or 6 wks, old. "I'd be able to put them on open range even younger than I do if it weren't for the crows," he says. * * Aside from his unusual *brood- ing methods Sokol follows gen- erally accepted methods in feed- ing, vaccinating and other man- agement practices? He has had 25 years experience in the poultry business. Use Rats To Test 41.. Diet -Alcohol .-Theory Two Yate University scientists have shattered a growing belief that • bad diet has much to do with alcoholism. Their tests were made with rats, but are all the more. startling because they are an ex- tension of others made here and abroad. A.11 told, 25,000 individual tests on forty albino male rats were carried out over an eleven - month period. After world-wide attempts to connect defects in nutrition or metabolism with alcoholism in man it was discovered that if rats 4. could choose between drinking water and alcohol, they would choose water on a good diet, alcohol on a deficient diet. To some scientists this helped to explain why men and women be- come alcoholics. Taste for Alcohol Greenberg and Lester decided that the evidence in favor of such a • conclusion • was insufficient. They fed experimental rats in test cages on diets of varied nutrition- al value, In each cage; just as their predecessors had done, Greenberg and Lester put a cup of water and another that con- tained alcohol. The poor -diet rats promptly went for the alcohol. Next the Yale team carried out their simple idea to prove the whole thing wrong. In each cage they put a third cup which con- tained a different solution, some- times just sugar -water, sometimes a fluid fat, sometimes saccharine. The result was immediate and startling. Rats on bad diets that had been lapping up alcohol, gave it up on the spot and turned to the third cup. 11 the third solution was sugar - water, even rats used to large amounts of alcohol quit their tip- pling entirely. But if the sugar - water cup was empty the rats went back to the alcohol, Sac- charine and fat solutions also drew the rats away, but not so readily as the sugar -water. Temperate Rats To Greenberg and Lester it is clear "from the present data that as the choice of substances pre- sented to the rat is widened to in- clude more than alcohol and water, the seeming preference for alcohol vanishes." The extension of the idea to human alcoholism is not justified—"not only be- cause man is not bound by the restrictions imposed on animals in experiments of this type, but because the behavior of the animals does not parallel that of the human alcoholic." The Yale men found that rats, even though they were kept con- stantly supplied with alcohol, never became intoxicated. They spread their alcoholic intake over an entire day, never drinking enough at any one time to get soused. It seems that rats don't drink like men. Human alcoholics drink to get drunk. Rats don't. Speedy Camera A new camera, believed to be the fastest of its kind, has been • developed by the University of California's Los Alamos Scienti- fic Laboratory, Explosive pheno- mena can be photographed at speeds up to 3,500,000 frames per second (about 150,000 times as fast as the usual picture seen at a movie theatre). A small thin two-faced mirror which ro- tates at 10,000 revolutions per second makes this high speed possible. The image of the ob- ject is relayed from the surfaces of the mirror to successive posi- tions on the film strips through a series of lenses. The "shutter" is a small block of plate glass which is shattered and rendered -vir- tually opaque within a few mili- lionths of a second by a shock wave from a high -explosive det- onator. Initially "open," the shutter remains so during a com- plete sequence of fifty to 100 pic- tures, which are taken in one twenty -thousandth of a second. to "A New, Liberated Egypt"—Celebrating six months as Egypt's premier, Gen. Mohammed Naguib, reaffirms his loyalty to Egypt as he addresses a crowd of 100,000 gathered in Cairo's Liberty Square. IIMtY SCIIOOL LESSON By Rev. ft. Barclay Warren B.A... B.D. How Jesus Answered Questions Matthew 22:15.2?, 34 -40 )Memory Selection: Never ma22 spake Iike this man. John 1:46 Many questions are asked of those in public life. Some are for information; others are for the purpose of entangling the public speaker. But Jesus was more than a match for his ene- mies. His answer with respect to paying tribute is a classic. They used Caesar's coin; they must ad- mit his right to collect tribute. But there is also an obligation to God. Some today would mar the truth that Jesus was teach- ing. eaching. They place their business life and their religious life in twte rn u t u a 11y exclusive compart- ments. What goes on in one is no business of the other. A col- oured woman was openly approv- ing of the preacher's sermon. But when he began to speak of the evil of stealing chickens she turn- ed to the woman next to her and! said with disgust, "Ah, now he's quit preaching and gone to med- dling." Jesus silenced the Saducees who did not believe in the res- urrection. He gave them more than they asked. He lifted the conception of the future life from the merely materialistic. To the clever lawyer he gave an answer at which we would never have guessed but to the truth of which we must all readily assent. Picking out two commands which had lain separate and obscured in the Old Testament he put them together and said, "Ola these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets." Of course, to love God supremely and our neighbour as we love ourselves is the answer to all our ills, personal and social. Yes, Jesus gave the answers quickly and simply and the world has been pondering them ever since. "The Saviour can solve every problem, The tangles of lite can unrlo: There is nothing too hard for Jesus, There is nothing that He can- not do." NO REPERTOIRE Abel Green, the editor of Variety, tells about a vaude- villian who boasted to an agent, "My name is Projecto, and I can fly. Just let me show you my act." The blase agent consented to go with him to an empty theatre nearby. True to his word, the actor promptly took off from the stage, spiraled to the ceiling, circled the auditori- um a couple of times, and zoom- ed down in a perfect glide. The agent yawned and said, "So you can imitate boide. Whet else can you do?" (Upside clown to prevent peeking) IT"TER WHAVT, ANCTN&R. THIS ONES A ;wr INVENT/0N? HONEY,r PDTA ._.,..._ 5MA.- RJ.nlO SET IN JITTE4lF2'3 WITH THI5 PORTABtS OUTFIT WE CAN BROAP- CAST AND CALL OR. ��r/lY11N A, 4 d Ai 44 ate 5i' FiE DOES WHEN X TRY t r out... JITTEt?... OH,JITTEry*... s}+te is 1"itEt7 . • ITTER —HELLO. • IT'S 11Mlz 3 -, Fore DINNER..,- - ✓' , By .Arthur Poinn'tor• LOOK,FELLA. T OON'r MEAN „# . TO SCARS YOu COME ON t DOWN.