Zurich Herald, 1957-12-12, Page 7Time Consumer
Got A Break
The United States possesses
the key to open the gates to an
ever -widening prosperity based
upon sound growth,
It has misused the key. It has
Ilu some instances ignored It.
.Xti is currently in clumsy hands.
This key is the consumer's
mood.
For two years the consumer
has had a rough time. He has
,been subjected consistently to
reteadily increasing prices, His
cost of living has jumped 6.6 per
cent. Now for tI e first time in
14 months the increase has been
halted.
The Unite d Steelworkers
Union forced through a wage
hticrease two years ago, and the
steel industry raised its prices.
It passed them on to the con -
earner. The whole price struc-
ture came unhinged after that.
The consumer is still on the
receiving end of the price spiral
which. big mass -industry wage
and price specialists have passed'
en to him.
He cannot buy a new auto-
:axobile today without paying
$100 to $300 over the prices he
would have paid two years ago.
His rent and housing costs have
soared: 5.4 per cent for. rent, 6.3
per cent for housing. His trans-
�ssoortation costs have never been
higher, up 9.5 per cent. His food
costs are up 6.1 per cent. His
clothing' costs 3.6 per cent more.
Taxes; direct and hidden, are
up everywhere.
What do we have?
We have a consumer pressed
to the last 10 cents in his pocket-
book to keep up with the pace
set for him by the pricing spe-
cialists.
Suddenly,- today, we are told
that the key to the economy —
the key to future prosperity —
the key to good business and a
continuing substantial tax rate
for the United States and the
gate and local governments —
is the consumer.
"It all depends on consumer
sentiment. What will his mood
be in 1958?"
It would seem that if the con-
sumer is the key to the nation's
prosperity — and, of course, he
ist — that he would have been
treated more gently and with
greater consideration.
.The "correction" we face to-
day is a correction of, the widely
held attitude in industry, in la-
bor, in banking, that the con-
sumer continually can be ex-
pected to keep everyone happy
while at the same time he is
being bombarded from every
direction.
Some place along the line last
spring or summer the consumer
decided that he would brace
against the raids on his re-
tources.
Now the country has awak-
ened to thefact that what is
needed is not a bracing consu-
Dier but a leaning consumer.
If he were expert at balancing
• teeterboard with some lively
youngsters on either end of it,
tt boy could tell us what is hap -
tening in the great economy of
he United States today.
Actually, this is a pretty good
period. The economy appears to
e In gentle balance, thanks to
the bracing consumer. It is not
without forceful pressures, both
up and down. But it never is.
Even positive pressures must
be kept from exerting violent
Up -pushes. Example: the over-
taxed consumer. These violent
up -pushes have been slowing
ACCOMPLISHMENT — Shinnying
up the Eiffel Tower is child's
play for this Parisian as he
proves the strength of a scale
model of the famous landmark.
Made of welded wire, the
model is more than seven feet
tall, weighs about 55 pounds
and can support 440 pounds.
down. If they can be made to
benefit the consumer with bet-
ter products at better prices,
the slowdown will be beneficial.
Now the problem is to control
the down -pushers. Industry must
earn a profit,
The pushdown must not be so
great as to destroy profits. If the
pushdown is sufficiently `-'ong
to encourage businessmen in
mass industries to resist wage
increases which are not support-
ed by the rate of productivity
(output per worker hour), "len
such a pushdown is beneficial.
All of the elements of a sound,
progressive economy exist. They
do not require creation. We
have consumers. They have jobs
and steady income. The govern-
ment is actively spending in the
economy.
The only thing missing — a
consumer's willingness to spend
— has been repeatedly beaten
down by businessmen, econom-
ists, and politicians — each for
their own reasons — by high
prices and forecasts foreboding
about the economy.
Politicians — always eager to
upset a balance if such an ,up-
set wouldhelp their side — have
complicated the problem by
talking about a depression which
doesn't exist.
Yes, at times, keeping a teet-
erboard in balance looks decep-
tively easy. Ask any boy expert.
—By Nate White, Financial Edi-
tor of The Christian Science
Monitor.
WELCOME GUEST
A burglar, who had entered
a poor minister's house at mid-
night, was disturbed by the
awakening of the occupant of.
the room he was in. Drawing his
weapon, he said:
"If you stir, you are a dead
man I'm hunting for your mon-
ey."
„
"Let me get up and turn on
a light," said the minister, "and
I'll hunt with you."
•3ET'S'NOT CLOWN, BOYS—Two English soccer players seem' to
be putting on an act for the fans at Craven Cottage, London.
But Stevens of the Fulham team, right, only appears to be
balancing the ball on his head while McGarry of Huddersfield
tucks his shirt in. The boys were completely in ernest as Fulham
Went on to win, 2-1.
More About Great ritish Telescope
That Keeps Track. Of The Sputniks
by TOM A. CULLEN
NEA Staff Correspondent
(Concluded from last week)
The $2,500,000 radio telescope
at Jodrell Bank, which is the
largest of its kind in the world,
is using a $15 ex -Army radar
transmitter in tracking the Rus-
sian satellites in outer space.
"I bought the transmitter as
Army surplus in 1945," Prof.
Bernard Lovell, the radio -astron-
omer in charge of the giant tele-
scope, told me. "I picked it up
for only five guineas, which
would be about $15 in your
money."
Hitching a piece of scrap
equipment to a $1,00,000 pre-
cision instrument which "would
snake a magnificent plaything
for the gods is entirely in keep-
ing with the British "make -do"
tradition in science.
In fact, the machinery which
tilts the 800 -ton reflecting dish
of the telescope was salvaged
from the scrapped British battle-.
ships HMS Royal Sovereign and
Revenge.
I had no sooner recovered
from the shock of the $15 radar
transmitter, however, than Lovell
sprang his second surprise.
"Of course, the satellites have
completely wrecked my priority
research program," he remarked
quite casually. "They have set
my work back months."
I had expected to find a scien-
tist hollow-eyed from lack of
sleep, but elated over the success
of his telescope brain -child.
Instead, I found a mild-man-
nered man of 44 who looked re-
markably fit (Lovell captains
his local village cricket team),
is a sort of moon landscape dot-
ted with radar aerials that gy-
rate like wind vanes. Instead of
hot -houses for rare tropical
blooms there are huts In which
the nervous heart -beats of the
universe are recorded by a stylus
and by a green squiggle on a
radar, screen.
The radio -telescope was switch-
ed on for the first time last Aug.
2 and was still being broken in
when Sputnik I burst upon the
scene. Immediately the British
public clamored for the telescope
to be used in tracking the satel-
lite. Lovell was faced with a
dramatic decision.
Satellite -tracking is not part
of the telescope's normal job.
Normally it acts only as a re-
ceiver, picking up radio waves
from outer space with its aerial,
which sticks out of the centre of
the reflecting dish like a stamen
from the heart of a flower.
When the aerial is pointed to
a star, the radio waves emitted
by the star are collected on the
metal surface of the reflecting
dish and focused onto the aerial.
The telescope can operate at any
wave length from 10 meters to
the important 21 centimeter
wave -band, which is the signa-
ture tune of interstellar gas.
But the telescope can also act
as a transmitter, and as such,
becomes the biggest steerable
radar set in the world. It is as a
transmitter using radio echo
equipment that the telescope
tracks satellites, being able to
pick up an object the size of
an aircraft as far away as the
moon.
In consenting to switch over to
satellite tracking, Lovell ran the
risk of damaging the instrument,
INSIDE THE TELESCOPE'S EYE: Huge reflector bowl of Jodrell
instrument picks up signals from space, which are then focused
by 60 -foot aerial in center of the bowl.
but who was anything but hap-
py—a reluctant "boffin", if ever
there was one.
"This telescope," he informed
me, waving towards the window
where the giant was on full
view, "wasn't designed primarily
to track earth satellites. That was
only a minor part of its job,
which is to explore the limits of
the universe.
"But now," he shrugged his
shoulders resignedly, "we've had
to switch over to satellite -track-
ing in order to satisfy public
curiosity."
Prof. Lovell is the world's first
professor of radio - astronomy,
Manchester University having
created a special chair for him
in 1951.
Having made his name during
the war as one of the team
that developed top-secret radar
bombing devices, Lovell got the
brilliant idea after the war of
applying radar to the study of
cosmic rays.
He then persuaded Manchester
University to give him the use
of 10 acres of botanic gardens
which the university owned at
Jodrell Bank, in Cheshire.
Lovell arrived at Jodrell Bank
in December, 1945, in an old
British Army trailer, loaded with
surplus Army radar equipment,
and in this he proceeded to camp
out in the dead of night.
"There were no lights," Lovell
recalls, "and it took me two days
to thaw the ice from :the diesel
generator."
This is how Britain's radio-
' telescope, which is the envy of
the scientific world, was born.
Today, 12 years after Lovell's
arrival, the university would
hardly recognize its old botanical
station. It has turned into the
sort of Luna Park foretold for
1984, when Creat Britain may
be known as Airstrip One.
Instead of cow pasture there
which had not been fully broken
in.
The radio -telescope picked up
Sputnik I for the first time on
Oct. 12 at 10.54 p.m., an event
which was hailed with mild
"Eurekas" from the thick-sweat-
ered scientists who clustered
around the radar recording ma-
chine drinking cocoa.
Not until early December will
the Jodrell Bank telescope come
fully into its own. It will then
be the world's most accurate in-
strument for supplying informa-
tion in which the scientists are
keenly interested: the behaviour
of the satellites as they enter
the earth's. atmosphere.
Jodrell Bank scientists have
spent years in studying the dis-
integration of bodies moving
through the earth's atmosphere,
but this will be their first chance
to observe the behaviour of
bodies of known weight and size,
and it may save then•, years of
further research.
No one knows what will hap-
pen to Sputniks I and II in their
death throes. Ionisation will
probably occur when the satel-
lites fall to a height of 60 to 100
miles. They may then circle the
earth several times, followed by
an ion trail, or they may come
straight down.
Lovell thinks there is a good
chance they will come down
reasonably intact.
When this happens, the pro-
fessor may be allowed to get on
with his work, which is that of
detecting radio waves from stars
a hundred million light years
away, waves that started on their
journey .to' the .earth at a time
when lift was just 1�egifining to
stir' on this planet.
"With this telescope," he says, •
with characteristic modesty, "it
would be extremely bad luck if
we could not reach the limits of
the univ&se."
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Secret Signs
It is often thought that secret
signs between criminals only
exist in fiction writers' imagina-
tions. This is not so. Secret
signs are essential to real-life
criminals because otherwise
their intentions would become
known to the police.
When an American crook was
being interviewed by the po-
lice he used a language trick.
Amid outbursts of grief at the
hard-heartedness; of the police,
he gabbled instructions in Yid-
dish to his wife to hide the loot.
The detective listened poker-
faced. Then he announced that
he spoke Yiddish tool
Sometimes secret communica-
tions are sketched. Tramps all
over Europe have a picture -
writing of their own which gives
news and information about
local residents. Sometimes the
sign indicates a wealthy man's
house which can be robbed with
ease.
Another method of indicating
a prospective victim was prac-
tised among pickpockets. When
the "spotter" singled out a man
with a fat wallet, he contrived
to pat him lightly on the back
with a palm well rubbed with
chalk. Thus marked, the victim
was picked out from the crowd
by the gleeful experts waiting
farther .along the street.
Much has been said about
secret writing. Words written in
saliva are invisible until seen at
an angle under brilliant light.
German crooks had another
method which was to wet a
sheet of of paper and impress
a message on it. When the paper
dried the message was supposed
to be invisible until the paper
was made damp again. But po-
lice experts have got wise to
these and similar methods.
The police have their own
secret signs. Detectives knew
that a wanted murderer was
living somewhere in a certain
street. One of them put on old
clothes and, taking his voilin,
moved slowly along the street
watching the houses. When he
was sure of the house he played
a laud and lively tune on his
volin. This was the signal for
the waiting detectives to go in
with a rush and get their man.
Gem Stratagems
Jewellers have to watch out
for many ingenious tricks tried
by would-be thieves. A cough-
ing customer drops his handker-
chief on a jewel he wants to
steal; another lays an adhesive -
backed visiting card on a dia-
mond; a "beggar" comes into the
shop and a kind-hearted woman
customer tosses a few coins—and
a couple of diamond rings—into
his hat.
One jeweller displayed a large
gem, apparently unprotected, but
in reality it was guarded by an
unbreakable, immovable, and al-
most invisible glass plate. He
had a lot of quiet fun from ob-
serving the innumerable dodges
used by covetous customers to
steal this gem. It also distracted
their attention from other valu-
able items.
To steal part of an Essex jew-
eller's stock, a thief worked by
night, boring a hole in the show
window frame, inserting a bent
and twisted wire and fishing out
rings.
Last year, British. Customs of-
ficials discovered a new dodge
used . by diamond - smugglers.
Boats bringing eels to the Lon-
don market from abroad were
also bringing gems. Most of the
eels were alive and wriggling,
but a few were dead. These
were .packed full of industrial
diamonds!
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FOR SALE
LIGHT duty, steel, portable sawmill
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W. A. CORNELL, Thornbury, Ontario,
MEDICAL
PROVEN REMEDY—EVERY SUFFERER
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PATENTS
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PERSONAL
LOOK I THE BIBLE SAYS —
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RABBITS
NEW Zealand Whites, breeding Does,
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VERNON SULLIVAN, Station "B" Fort
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WANTED
I want to buy flint arrowheads and
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ISSUE 50 — 1957
$25.00
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