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Zurich Herald, 1940-08-08, Page 2T H E WAR -WEE K—Commentary on Current Events Determination One of Britain's Greatest Weapon s: Canada's Training Plan GREAT BRITAIN The German offensive against Britain became somewhat stronger last week and bombing in streets and congested areas resulted in many easualties in the south of England. Reports say that the Nazi have cleared zones across the channel along the coast of France as military opera- tions extend some hundred miles Inland. This zone of activity ex - ;tends from Dunkirk to Brest, opposite PIymouth, and the south- east corner of Englund. In spite of heavy bombing raids Britains are prepared to deal with the enemy and anti-aircraft batteries and the R.A.F. have been in con- stant combat with effectiveness, downing satisfactory percentages in every encounter. NAZI UNEASY Britain's blunt rejection of Hit- ler's "peace" advances were fol- lowed by the preparation of an "eight -point peace program" by Hitler and would indicate that Nazidom is more anxious to end hostilities than it cares to admit. The best offer Hitler can make therefore, is a return to the pre - September status quo, perhaps with some concessions to the Czechs. This, though a far cry from the eight points which would leave his boundaries as they are at present, would assure Herr Hit- ler of continuing as Fuehrer. It is not rash to assume that he is ready, if not eager, to strike a bargain with Britain somewhere between those extremes. However, the determination of Britains to rid Europe of the Nazi power will not tolerate such ideas. * * * THE BALKANS—The German warning to King Carol of Ru- mania leads us to wonder whether he is or is not King. He has been playing both ends against the middle for so long that there is little left for him to attempt fur- ther. He must settle differences wit Hungary and Bulgaria before September 15th, so say the- Axis Powers. Failure to meet this dead- line, authoritative quarters say, may result in intervention by these powers to impose their own settlement. Reports of the German warn- ing were circulated as Juiiu Maniu, leader of Rumania's pow- erful peasant party, arrived at Bucharest from his home in Tran- sylvania to oppose any conces- sions to Hungary or Bulgaria. Sources close to the government had indicated that Rumania might try a compromise solution of Hungary's claims to Transylvan- ia by offering to cede the three border cities of Satu-Mare, Or- adea and Arad and arranging an exchange of populations in other districts. Maniu pointed out that Rumania's chief strength in op- posing Hungarian and Bulgarian demands lay in Germany's desire to maintain peace in the Balkans. * * THE MEDITERRANEAN—The hard -handed briskness with which Hitler and Mussolini are extend- ing their domination down the Balkan peninsula increases the threat to Britain's great interests in the Near East and makes it more than ever imperative that she should maintain her contrcl of the Mediterranean which Italy is challenging. Bombs over Eng- land tend to obscure the fact that the Battle of Britain reaches fats beyond the British shore. Gibral- tar (gateway to the Atlantic), Malta and the Suez Canal are vital to the existence of the Bri- tish Empire. The British are guarding the Suez canal as zealously as they are their own home shores. In- deed, if it weren't for the neca essityof maintaining such strong naval and air forces in Egypt, Gibraltar and Malta, the hone de- fenses would be much mightier than they are now. * * * CANADIAN DRAFT FOR HOME DEFENSE: The details of Canada's Home Defense Policy were outlined in the House of Commons on Monday, July 29th by the Hon. J. L. Ralston. One of the most important of our war ef- forts is rapidly taking shape and the present plan is to train 300,000 men for home defense yearly at the rate of about 30,000 a month Mr. Ralston explained. These men will be trained in thirty or more training centres across Canada, each of which will handle about 1,000 men eaeh month. The 300,- 000 figure for a year set by Mr. Ralston is apparently predicted on doubt whether 'training can be carried on during the two Mid- winter months, "It is unlikely that married men will be called slurs ing the first year," he stated, There are to be no exemptions from service. Physieally fit men, regardless of their occupation, are to report when their cheeses are galled. The first class is to report about October 1st. RECRUITING FOR 0 V E R - SEAS SUSPENDED: Mr, Ralston indicated that during the period when Canada was mobolizing a new army for defense, recruit- ing for overseas service would be stopped, "It must ba remember- ed," he said, "that there is at the present moment no shortage of manpower in England; the real demand is for equipment." POLICY TO CAUSE THE MINIMUM DISLOCATION TO INDUSTRY: There are difficult- ies in withdrawing so many men from the normal life of the com- munity even for the comparative- ly short period of thirty day's training, but difficulties cannot be allowed to obscure the goal to be reached. The plan has been worked out so that it can be speeded up or glowed down as events require. NO DISTINCTION TO BE MADE BETWEEN NEW RE- CRUITS AND REST OF MIL- ITIA: It is important that from the outset of this training plan these men drafted be regarded as members of the Canadian army. As recruits they will pass direct- ly into the militia regiments. No distinctions shall be made except than the men called under this plan will not be available for duty outside of Canada unless they volunteer for such service. As part of a mighty Canadian army which will be available to defend the county, they will share its traditions and be the cus- todians of its honor. * * * THE AMERICAS TO PREVENT AXIS POWERS FROM CON- TROL IN COLONIES Students of history will now have another date to memorize in the future. The plan to pro- tect territory in the Western Hemisphere now belonging to European powers, was embodied in a draft resolution Iast week, called "The Act of Havana" and provides that The American Re- publics may establish "regions of provisional administration" in any areas now held by non -American nations which are in danger of be- coming the subject -matter of ex- change of territories or sov- ereignty. Thus the 21 American Republics have prepared to back up' the Monroe Doctrine with whatever force is necessary to prevent American territory ruled by European powers falling into the hands of Germany or her friends. Its implications mean that for the first time in history the arm- ed forces of the United States can be used to protect any part of the hemisphere without incurring any liability or charges of imperial- ism, since the United States Gov- ernment would be acting on be- half of all other republics. Since the United States is the only Re- public in this hemisphere with a navy strong enough to prevent an invasion or to prevent any power from taking over the French and Dutch possessions, the resolution was considered to nominate the United States as the hemisphere's defender. * * * THE FAR EAST CHINA: Foreign quarters close to the Chungkin government as- serted a few days ago that China had rejected unconditionally re- cent Japanese overtures to halt hostilities and conclude an all - embracing settlement between the two nations — largely at the ex- pense of third powers' interest in Eastern Asia, These informants said the Japanese proposals in- cluded the following: 1. Outright cession by China to Japan of five provinces, Hopei, Charhar, Shantung, Shansi and Suiyuan. 2. Recognition of Wang Ching - Wei, Japanese sponsored puppet, as president of a Chinese repub- lic made up of the remaining Prince Bernhard Engaged In London ese Y: errtete rt? teeetteaeat ete Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands, whose wife, Crown Princess Juliana, and children are at present in Canada, is pictured here shak- ing hands with the mayor of Falmouth during a good -will visit to that community. Prince Bernhard is actively engaged in London with rep- resentatives of the Dutch government. provinces and also British Burma, French Indo-China and Thailand (Siam), in which China and Ja- pan would share economic op- portunities. 3. The status of Manchukuo would be left in abeyance in- definitely. * * * JAPAN: In the meantime some dozen British subjects were ar- rested in Tokio by Japanese police and are being held in connection with Japanese military secrets, The reply to Sir Robert Craigie's protest said the arrests were "the first step" against a British es- pionage network covering the en- tire country. Authoritative sourc- es said they understood that Craigie in protesting against the arrests had touched "on the fact" that a strong German Nazi party organization exists in Japan, "well instructed" in propaganda and political activities. Indignation is being expressed in London and demands are being made for the re -opening of the Burma Road whereby China re- ceived many of her materials for carrying on her war against Ja- pan. "The most effective reprisals," suggested the Daily Express, own- ed by Lord Beaverbrook, Min- ister for Aircraft Production., "would be the arrest of fourteen ' Japanese citizens in Britain. A ban on trade with Japan would be even more effective and the Jap- anese deserve it." SHOULD CHOOSE BEST FERTILIZER The "best" fertilizer for Fall Wheat is not the same for all the soils and conditions, writes Prof. Henry G. Bell, of the O,A,C., Guelph. The most suitable fertilizer is de- termined from modern Rapid Soil Tests supplemented with a record of previous cropping and manuring. All Ontario Agricultural Repre- sentatives are equipped with in- struction sheets as to How To Take Soil Samples, These may be obtained either from -the local Ag- ricultural Representative, or from the Division of Soils, 0.A.C„ ori re - qt est. TAKE SOIL SAMPLES Soil samples should be taken as soon as summer work will permit. These may be forwarded td O.A.C„ or to any of the other testing sta- tions. The test will show -the level of phosphoric acid, potash, nitre,- gen itro•gen and whether or not tite soil is in need of lime. With the aid of brief notes as to previous cropping (which are called for on the soil sheets) soil -chemists can give high- ly valuable hasp in the matter of the choosing of the most suitable fer- tilizers, Ptato-Tomato Plant Discovered U.S. Grafting Expert Gets A Single Vine to Bear Double A single fruit tree, and a scrawny one at that, becomes a veritable or- chard when Thomas Glover, of Stouington, Conn., a gardener for 30 years, gets his hands on it. HE PERFORM'S MIRACLES Glover, who has conducted many experiments in grafting and bud- ding, has foe example, taken one trees and caused it to produce 20 different kinds of apples, as well as a quantity of Bartlett pairs. Back in 1925 he began notching stocks of various other trees on the • trunk of a Baldwin apple. Today the tree produces Baldwins, Green - lugs, .Gravensteins, McIntosh, Gol- den. Sweetings, Denison Reddings, Gillyflowers, Icings, Russets and no less than el•ee-en other popoular kinds. THEY'RE OF SAME FAMILY ' The basic principlea grafting, Glover explains, is to keep the dif- ferent fruits of a family together. A pear might do satisfactorily on an apple tree fox a few years, while a peach or a plum is not likely to do well. In other words, fruits of seed are of one family and should be kept together, while those with stones are of another family and should not be crossed with a seed species. Potatoes and tomatoes are of the same family and Glover has gone nature one better by having a and the acid fruit above the ground. single vine produce "spuds" below College Is Opened For "Gh,.. st" wn Big Educational Achievement In Western Area South of Regina In a derelict ghost townekl f the west, once a historic centre of a wealthy wheat -glowing area, until drought and the depression wreck- ed havoc, there has sprung up a college which is the envy of the educationalists from coast to coast. • The town is Wilcox, 28 miles south of Regina in Saskatchewan, and the school is Notre Dame Col- lege with a Catholic padre as its dean, but with a non-sectaeion out- look. IN DDPRESSION DISTRICT The dean, short, twinkling -eyed Father Athol Murray, recently told the story of the founding of the college to MontrealStar reporter's. While In Regina he formed the Argonaut Boys' Club and after the Archbishop's death, decided to Bound the college. It took shape •in 1930. Buildings worth thousands of dollars were picked up for a mere song, and two former bank buildings were re- quisitioned, * * * Today the school has 200 stud- ents, 70 of them being girls. BOYS DO ROUGH WORK The boys do all the rough work around the school, including the heavy household chores, and they have just completed a $4,000 bun- galow for the Arts girls. The boys live in bunkhouses, once used by wheat threshing gangs. He considers sport as important as academie training, and in hockey and baseball the college has an enviable record. Last year the .hoc- key team travelled 30,000 miles and it has already given 11 players to the National Hockey League. VOICE O F T H E PRESS WHERE'S THAT SUGAR In all conscience, what happened to all that sugar which was hoard- ed in the first week or two of last September? — (St. Catharines Standard. SAID ENOUGH Politicians say, columnists say, radio commentators say, experts Bary. No wonder Confucius quit say- ing. — (Brandon Sun). FAIRS MUST CHANGE OR DIE There is no good reason yet for cancelling a fair, but there are plenty of reasons why the small township fairs should be reorgan- ized, rejuvenated and made to re- flect the agricultural activities of their constituencies. Times have changed temendously. The town- ship fairs must change or die. -- (Farmer's Advocate). FARM LABOR SHORTAGE One of the pressing problems at the present time is a shortage of farm labor throughout Ontario. Ac- cording to an official of the Ontario Department of Agriculture, .many hired men have enlisted in the army thus leaving their employers with- out adequate manpower at a very inopportune time. Farmers' sons have also deserted the farm for the army. The department is endeavor- ing to meet the situation by rush- ing school boys, registered with the department as available for farm work, to the localities most in the need of help. .411 along it has`beeu contended that it takes longer to train a ran for farm work than for soldiering, so that the seriousness of the situation facing the farmer should not be min.izecl. — (Simcoe Reformer)•. ,r_ r rltisb `Prefer Canada's Cheese They're Grazy About Our Cheddar — Inerea.sed Pro- duction for Export Is Looked. For Here The beleaguered United King- dom will take all the cheese Can- ada can supply, Government dairy officials say, Cheese it is explained, is in its way just a's valuable for fighting as guns. A man can survive on cheese for a long time. The Un- ited Kingdom wants it in quan- tity because of its high nutritive value, because it is comparatively easy to ship and will keep and be- cause the British like Canadian c'he'ddar cheese, Production is believed to be • stepping up a little in Canada, but it is still far below what it was 35 years ago. In 1940 Can- ada shipped 234,000,000 pounds of cheese to the United Kingdom. In contrast to this figuee the whole production of the Dominion in 1939 was not more than 1220- 772,000 pounds. Early in the year the dairy, products board made a,deal with the British food ministry to ship 1,500 long tons in May and 3,000 Iong tons in June, but upon re- presentations from the ministry, moved June shipments toward the 6,000 -ton mark. Wants Bridges With "Oomph" Woman Expert Claims Spans Should Have More Beauty It's accepted in the best engineer- ing circles that bridge building is a job for men but: Sarah Ruth Watson, 30, and pret- ty and a bridge expert with a Ph.D., is out to make some changes. Cantilevers and trusses, suspen- sions and bd'scules — they all need more "oomph". She's confident that she can give it to them, Dr. Watson has taken her ideas on bridges and beauty before en- gineering groups over the entire U. S. and is a convention speaker much in demand. A petite figure, wide blue eyes and long Alice in Wonderland bob don't make her task any harder. In between times she does his- torical research at Western Reserve University and writes poetry. Next fall she will teach "the history of structural engineering" at Fenn College, the first course of its kind. Daughter of a prominent engin- eer, she wants to "bring aesthetics into bridge building and makes it an integral factor; to make the big spans of the future as much a mat- ter of beauty as of stress and of strain." Her self-appointed task is to induce engineers to give up the "standard practice of calling in the architects for adornment purposes after the plans are all drawn. LIFE'S LIKE THAT IviVvtF2IVJ.'7,77 ��/ // '/� 13y Fred Neher (Oepyr{ght, 1538, by Fred Ploher.1 "Oh, please, Pm havit,' company this afterncon!t" R.EG'LAR FELLERS—Traffic Problem Solved By GENE BY NES .®..-,ate GOgH, J NEVER SAW TRAFFIC X30 HEAVY IT STRETCHES. FROM CURE, TO CURB tf %1 wit• • EVEN WHEN THE LIGHT CHANC,,ES IT NEVER CIETS Ci:EAR f WE'LL hiEVER ('ET ACROSS TI4E STREET/ VM RUIN' TO TRY •SUMPTNIN' NEW GMON,JIMMIE ,O ate t7. s.. P* Oce All 1gt, rcactvo3 _..