Zurich Herald, 1944-09-21, Page 3CANADA' PACKERS LIMITED
REPORT TO SHAREHOLDERS
(Continued from previous Page)
'.As stated above, the profit of Canada Packers in
the period 1927 to 11944, has been .:.. , ,, . 4,4% of Sales
Probably for the whole Industry the percentage of profit was
less.
But suppose it were more.
An outside estimate would certainly be , ....-... , , .. ,
What would the benefit have been to Producers if, over this
period, of seventeen years, the Packing Industry had made no
profit whatever?
The answer to this question is arrived at by a siiiipl;calcuation..
In that seventeen years, total cash
sales of live stock were (Dominion
Bureau of Statistics) ,., , . $3,403,000,000.
•
Average per year ........ ,..;.. $200,000,000.
If a profit of 2% is assumed, it fol-
lows that the profit of the total Pack-
ing. Industry has been 2% of 200
million dollars, i.e. $4,000,000. per year
So that, If the Packing Industry had
made no profit whatever, the maxi
mum benefit to Producers would £ ;•b
have been v $4,000,000. per .year
The number of farms producing and
selling live stock is approximately.. 500,000.
Therefore, if, in these seventeen
. years, the Packing Industry had made
no profit whatever, and if all its pro-
fit had gone to Producers, the ad-
dition to Producers' income would
have been $8.00 per farm, per year
And if, as is more likely, the profit
of the Industry did not exceed 1 %,
the advantage to Producers would
• have been $4.00 per farm, per year
Many Farmers will be astonished by this statement.
Over a period of many years, charges have been made from time
to time;—
(1) that the Packing industry takes a heavy and un-
fair toll of profit on the Farmer's live stock.
that this is made possible by monopolistic condit-
tions and practices.
It is not surprising if the effect of these statements has been to
Create in the Farmer's mind, a feeling of uneasiness. •
in regard to Item 1,—a semblance of support for the charge is
found in , the amount of, the - profits of the larger companies.
Those of Canada P Q 'lerally the target. In the year
t—bei ,....,-revs •..,. � �oxt. of o C da :tEackerrl..w.
�, ;,� ltd ._- f _a}� _._ _._
were . ...... .,,.. .. $1,687,000..
To e individual Farmer, who compares it with his own profit,
thi ono doubt seemsa stupendous sum.
In relation to the total sales, however, it is a very small sum. '
Those sales were $206,000,000.
If Sales had been two million instead of two hun-
dred million dollars, •the relative profit, at the
sante percentage would have been ,$16,870
(2)
That would certainly be considered a modest profit on a busi-
ness of two million dollars.
Yet, in terms of percentage, the two results are 'exactly the
same.
And, percentage is the only factor in which the Producer is in-
terested.
As to Item 2,—the charge of monopoly also has its origin in
the size of the larger companies. The trend in the Packing ln-
fustry has been continuously toward large units. It is not : sur-
prising if the Farmer is disposed to listen to this charge. He
realizes that competition between those who buy his live stock;
is, for him, the most vital consideration of all. And he may fear
that a small number of large companies would give less .assurance
of competition than a large number of small companies.
The, fact is that each large company is not a unit,but a group of
units. For instance Canada Packers operates seven . different
plants located in widely separated areas (from Montreal to Van-
couver). Within each area its local unit competes with many
other units.
And the further fact is, that in addition to the companies oper-
ating multiple plants, (there are three of them) a large number
of other companies operate single plants. Many of these single
plants do a large and increasing share of the business in their
own /ieid. It is entirely misleading to represent the Industry aS
dominated by the larger companies. The latest report of the
Dominion Bureau of Statistics (1942) shows 148 plants as
follows: --
Ontario .. • .. • • • 67
Quebec ... 29
Alberta 13
British Columbia 11
Manitoba 41
84
4
Saskatchewan
Nova Scotia
New Brunswick ...
P. E
148
Nothing in the history of the Industry gives ground for the fear
that the development of large units results in lessened competi-
tion. From its bginning the Packing Industry has been the most
fiercely competitive industry in Canada. And competition be e
tween large units is more (not less) keen than that between
small units.
Two proposals to transform the Industry have been suggested
by those who constitute themselves its critics. In principle they
are diametrically opposed.
The proposals are;
(a) that Canadian live stockP, slw
number of co-operative plants
(b) that the Packing Industry sho
Every Packer would welc.oiiie the d
plants. Only one .exists at present
Packers at. Barrie,. Ontario, It is u
at least one in each of -the.; chief liv
Such plants would ° be sources of 'in`
of the Industry which Farmers'w
The existence of a number of bo -.p
a greater measure of understain
Packers than has ever existed In tit
However, the establishment of c
necessity be a slow development:
competitive nature of the business,
ference between profit.andloss -is ac
„pound. As Farmers became aware of
hand, and of the very low margin of,
sire to launch co-operative plants s ,bt
p'wcossed in a large
Denmark;
ilatiotalized.
pent of cd -operative
ire . First Co-operative
orf, to that there is not
'reducing Provinces,
regarding the facts
pt without question.
larlts would lead to
Producers and
a 'five plants would of
eason lies in the highly
thefact that the dif
ll.•fraction of "a cent per
risks of loss on the one
Eit on theother, the de -
'd be' less keen.
r,.; wt;
it is worth repeating, however, that nlelsigle development would
do so;; mudli to promote a realizationif the common interest of
Producer and Packer, as the esta.blis:inent of a number of co-
operativeplants_. '
Aft
As to`.thes�econd proposal, it is hard t;1 think.of an Industry less
suited for nationalization.; The object10n which comes to mind;r'
first is the danger of lose turn spoilagel if a Governirzet►t or(ani
zation were handling clailsttene of
able 'foods. The danger would`ariseste use the chief -safeguard
Would. be removed,'by .reason of wh;6 such losses are avoided.
That safeguard is competition.
The `reason such' losses are avoided slider a system of competi-
tion is that the penalty of not avoid ag. them is ruin.'.Under a
state-owned system the National,:Treieury would foot the bill.
However, the chief penalty of :elirniaating 'competition would
fall upon the Producer. To him the loss would come as the re-
suit of lowered efficiency. �,,
The net profit of the Packing Industy,ass-it exists, probably does
not exceed 1 per cent. That is the total prrc�eyhich the Producer
pays for the Packer's efficiency. Can anyone doubt that:. na-
tionalization would result in a loss of efficiency equivalent to
several
times 1 per cent? l
The Producer would be the only Jerson to absorb this -loss. It
would come to him in the form oft a lower pay -back out of the
sales dollar.
e
The foregoing has been an attempt to set down the facts of the
Packing Industry. It has dealt chiefly%�.vith the obligations, and
the mutuality of interest, which obta:lras' between Packer and
Producer. .
The argument has been that the Fackler has played a large and
constructive part in the development df the Canadian Live Stock
Industry, and that he has done this at very low percentage of
profit on his sales.
But, in a repoi,t to S,hareholders, it is. i ting that some reference
slipid ben d, eposition ap oma, stt of the investor.
The Capital Investment in the Packing Industry in .Canada is
$96,000,000 (Dominion Bureau of Statistics, 1942). Those
who supplied this Capital did so with the hope of getting a re-
turn on their investment. And for this no apology need be
made.
The attraction of the Industry from the Investor's viewpoint Is
that turnover is rapid. Capital is turned over many times in a
single year, so that a small percentage of profit on turnover pro-
duces a satisfactory yield on capital. In the case of the success-
ful companies, the investment has been profitable.
These facts have been sufficient to attract adequate funds to the
Industry, in spite of the further fact that large sums have also
been lost. The hazard of the Industry lies in the fact that the
difference between profit:4aiid loss is a minute fraction of a cent
per pound on the prodalk"'old.
By reason of the great increase in live stock deliveries, the plant
of the Industry has been under constant strain. This has involved
a corresponding strain upon Employees of 'all ranks. The loss
of experienced men, and their replacement by inexperiencd men,
has brought an inevitable decline in plant efficiency.
In contrast with war industries, demand for the produ'ets of the
Packing Lndustiry, will be maintained,—per-haps increased,- fol-
lowing the close of the war. It will be a happy day for both
Company and Employees when experienced men return, and
the large volume can be maintained without the severe physical
strains of the past year.
The Company has maintained its prefit sharing :policy begun in
1934.. For tile first time, Bonus distributed to Employees ex-
ceeded Dividends to Shareholders,
Dividends were .
Bonus was • • + • .
Toront, September 5th, 1944.
Extra—copies of this Report are a
last will, be mailed to anyone requestm
Packers Limited, Toronto.
$800,000
$937,000
L
J. S. `McEAN,'President.
ailable, and so long as they r
• them, Address to Canada
HEIRESS CAN PUT ON THE DOG
TI•i'.T ...i 1:n•C' E:s.�.v...:Cl".i` S."v.i'C JW `v�,h. `� h •` :r.4
t shouldn't happen to a woman, but rs.
Ita McGuire, of Mineola, N: Y., inherited
'five Pekingese dogs from Mrs. May Mar-
;guerite Shaw, of Long Beach, N, Y. But the
silver lining is that if Mrs. McGuire, pic-
tured with some of the Pekes,keeps and
cares for them, she'll receive $100,000 in
monthly installments r
-Mit( if yisse
.=,s Awa
ON THE DOTTED LINE
Gen. - Dietrich von Choltitz, commander of Nazi forces in Paris
dejectedly signs terms 'for surrender of French capital at desk in
Montparnasse Station. More than 10,000 German troops were
captured when city fell. German general has completely lost
arrogant air.
SIGN LANGUAGE
Unable to speak French an Allied soldier uses his ingenuity when
foraging along French roads by displaying a sign printed in "French
which says: "Have you any eggs?" It's hard to tell from
mademoiselles' gestures whether they're giving "V" for victory
sign or telling Pvt. Sanders they have two eggs.
"IMPREGNABLE" DEFENSES NOW RUBBLE
A
The West Wall at Dieppe, before which so many Canadians lost
their- liveswhen they attacked from the sea two years ago, is shown
above, shattered beyond recognition by Allied artillery fire as
Canadian forces took the Nazi -held French town from the rear.
FRENCH' BEAUTY GREETS LIBERATORS
When Canadian units rolled into the city of Rouen, this beautiful
French girl, Mlle Gilberte Pore, greeted Lieut, 3. M. Dassault,
of Montreal, with. flowers and a happy smile, The civilian popu-
lation of Rouen, one of France's largest cities, went wild 'with
joy when Allied troops entered They had been under Nazi
rule nrtore than four years.