Zurich Herald, 1923-04-12, Page 3q+:
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aces Around the World
A race round the world has always
been a popular. theme with novelists."
Jules Vergie, for instance, wrote,
" Riaand the World in .Eigety Dam" ill
which lie described the record-break-
ing journey of one Phineas Fogg.
Wonderful performances have been
accomplished by real people. The
actual round -the -world record is held
by an American,. J. H. Mears, who, in
1913„ circled tine earth: in thirty-five
days, twenty-one hours; thirty-five
minutes, and four-fifths of a second.
•Before this the record was he' -d by
Andre Jaeger-Sehrn dt, who performed
the trip in thirty-nine days and rather
less than twenty minutes,
Mears undertook time feat with the
support of an importanh• American
neweaaper, and the time allowed Was
thirty-five days, twenty-three hours,
thirty minutes. Mr. Mears left New
York for Paris on July 2nd. From
there he travelled by the T,t;ane-siberi-
an Rairway.
At one point he was held up for
eighteen hours` by a flood. IIe mans
aged to pick up nine of the lost hours
-,by bribing the engine -driver, but the
Russian ,officials threatened to throw
him into prison if thie continued this
poQicy.
In all he covered 21,066 miles, aver-
aged 587 miles, a day. He arrivedback
in New York on August 6th, well in-
side- hire time limit. The total cost of
the tripe was only $840.
Schoolboy's Wonderful Trip.
Two of the most •notab'le record-
breaking trips were those of. Charles
Fi'tzmorris, a s'oh•oolboy, who won a
• raoe€ organizred by an American news-
paper by travelling round the world in
sixty days and thirteen and a half
hours, and Nellie ply, a• woman jour-
nalist, who c•om'pleted the journey in
just over seventy-two days in 1889.
The earliest krowaa trip Mend the.
world was that of the Magellan expe•
clition in 1519.1522. These beady ad-
venturers took 'three years' over their
voyage.
It might be thought that, as ten
years have elapa'ed since the present
record was oet up, a modern traveller
might lower it. ' A journey, round the
world to -day would take considerably
longer than thirty-five days.
The last three records were set up
with the assistance of the Trans' -Si-
berian Railway° Tliis is not working
now owing to the state of affairs in
Russia, and a world traveller would
have to use the route which the early
record -breakers followed—that is, by
the Mediterranean, Suez Canal, Indian:
Ocean, and China. Fifty-four days ' is
the least time it would take to get
round the earth to -day.
Three Months by Aeroplane.•
A traveller starting from New York
could get to London in six days by
means of ane of the fastest liners;
then from Landon to' Paris and from
Paris to Marseilles he could use the
regular air services, whch take about
a day. From Marseilles a P. and O.
mail steamer could take 'him to Hong
Kong in twenty-nine days. From Hong ,
Kong to Yokohama Would take five `
daps, and the journey from there to '
;Vancouver would occupy another nine.
From Vancouver to New York by train-
would,„occupy four days: '
By aeroplane the world could be
circled in 'less than fifteen days—that
is, if there were a machine capable of
making the journey ` without a stop.
But this is not possible and when
.—ANT) THE WORST IS YFT ' 'O TIME
stops and so on are taken into con-
sideration the'time works out at near-
ly three months; ' At least this was the
time allowed by Sir Ross Smith, who
was. preparing . for a round -the -world
flight when, he met his death.
A Birthplace of Invention.
In the centre ofthe mining -town of
Redruth,.. Cornwall, stands a hoitse
which is intimately associated with
two of the great inventions that made
Britain the supreme industrial nation
-throughout the nineteenth century.
The- owner of the house, William
Murdock, ,while experimenting in 1784
with coal gas, had one of those 'happy
accidents" that happen to clever and
ob'servent men.
'Do put out the gas flame he .clapped
'his, wife's thimble over the end of
the pipe. As the sme1R warned him,
that gas was, still escaping, he held a
light to the thimble and was surprised
annid delighted to find that the tiny
apart` of gas through a hole in the
thiinbl•e , gave 'a much brighter and
steadier light than the streets of :gas
frorn the open pipe. Thus was born
the gas -burner.
1Iurdcek also invented the pneu-
matic pump arae two different kinds of
valves for the steam-engine invented
by. James . Watt, whose assistant 'he
bad been, • •
• But it wars in the cellar of the house
that the greatest •idea of all was born.
There 1Vlu;rdock` had: built a .,small
stearal -engine, wlr'iele was then used
solely as a pumping and stationary en-
gine. 'Richard Trevithich, Murdock's
friend, saw the engine one day and had
Where the Custom of Stand-
ing During: -the "Hallelujah
Chorus" Originated. .
W. F. Gates, -the writer of a book en-
titled "Anecdotes of Great Musicians,"
gives us an interesting clue to .the
origin of the custom of standing du1'
ing the singing of the celebrated fial-
lelujah Chorus•" from Handelee, "Mes-
'siah.t' , "The uninitiated," he says,
who attend a performance of Handelrs
'Messiah'. are frequently surprised
when, at the first notes cf the 'Hallelu-
jah Chorus;' the 'whole audience rises
to its feet. •Some think this custom
arose from the desire to pay homage
to the words. But if that be the case,
they might wen stand during the
whole oratorio: Others imagine that
it . was because of. the intense enjoy-
ment in the mucro lsoiiieaudience had
a hundred and fifty years ago, which
brought them to their feet.
But this is said to be the truth of
the matter: At one of„the early per-
formances of this grand oratorio, the
Ring of England, George, I., was pre
'sent. During the 'singing of this
chorus, His Majesty, either greatly en-
joying the music, or perhaps simply
desiring to •changehis position, stood
up; at once the courtiers and people,.
followed suit, thus originating a cus-
tom which is quite pleasant in view.
it explained to him. He went away of the physical relief afforded by the
thinking, set to work, and in due time change of posture in a two-hour per-,
''eomiv�e
built the first. loot, the father. formance.
of all railway engines
lluedsck's house was partly des-
troyed by fire some months ago, but it
is to be restored and preserved as a
local memorial to the two inventors.
Honesty.
Whatever happe;is, go straight, go
square, be able to hold up your head
as a man of honor and you will be in-
domitable.
If you go down, if you became in-
volved in financial or other difficulties,
your very reputation for going square
will put you on your feet again.
If you are true to this oours,e, true
to the principles of manhood, there is
no power that can make you a failure.
If you have played fair and square,
if you have not quailed before danger
or bent the knee before Baal, if you
have been .a hard fighter for your
ideals, a server of your fellow -men, a
lover of your race, whatever may hap-
pen to your material fortunes, you are
a success.
It doesn't •matter whether you have
mroney or not—that alone can never
make a man a success—whether you.
live in Park -Lane or in the alums, in a
• mansion or in the workhouse, if you
have stood the test of man, you are a
winner; you are the noblest creation
of God -you area 1VIan.
More Profit In It.
The Hostess --"You play, don't you,
Me. West? Would yeti care to make
a four at bridge?"
Wooleley West ---"No, I thank you,
Your ltusbanid has justnow invited nfe,
to his den rhea) 1. think I sail make a
fifty ata>olcss," •
Short and Snappy.
"Why is he always so snappy?"
"Because he is always, so short."'
Horseshoes of Paper.
It has • been proposed to make a
paper horseshoe that shall; for general
purposes be the equal of the steel ar-
ticle in the following way: Parchment
paper is cut in horseshoe form and
built up to a suitable thickness by the
use of a mixture of turpentine; Span-
ish white shellac and linseed oil treat-
ed with litharge and the whole is
placed under an hydraulic press, Thie
produces very light and uniform
pieces and it is an easy matter to
stamp out the nail holes and grooves.
Instead of nailing to the horse's hoof
they can be"rapplied with an adhesive
composition whose principal part is a
solution of rubber in bisulphide of car-
bon. Paper waste could also be mould-
ed into the shape of a horseshoe by
use of the press, but the result is not
so good as with the above,
Why Are Americans Often
Called "Yankees?"
When the first English people wont'
to Amerca,'the Indians, unable to pro-
nounce the word English, called the
settlers Yengee:s or Yangees, as the
nearest they could get!
In course of time this Yangoe or
Yankee becaine a clang tern: for "ex-
cellent," or the, "very best." The Bri-
tish troops in the war of Independetee
Picked tip this• word, and used it in
derision of their opponents; calling.
them Yankees, and as we first have the
word in Ha modern sense.
C-M1,hHN W}►p
HAS girl- PLAWIRD
oMg
ON RIA4'5
DOOR-5"rEP AND
►B MB,
Mummies in the Making.
The world has. awakened suddenly.
to an interest in all matters• pertaining
to the ancient Egyptians, and particu-
larly to mummiege
,The elaborate precautions taken to
preserve the dyad in those. far-off dans
a-esre from, humble beginnings dating
back 'thousands of years, when the
dead were 'dried 'Au. the sun' and placed
in a vault containing a few flint inetru-
meats and a pot or two of food for sus=
tenance of the departed'ss soul on its
journey.
It was found that this method ' did
not 'prevent the body from decaying,
and so the fashion for embalming
started, the object being to preserve
the features of the dead
A king's tomb was prepared while he
was still in his, prime, and when he
died he was em,balm1.d with. great re-
ligious ceremony.
When a personof importance died
the enlbaianling process was room
started. An incision was. made with
a stone knife—for some reason metal
knives were never used—end the vis-
cera was drawn out. The brains; too;
were removed. The organs were pre-
served in jars, which were enclosed in
a box and put into the tomb with: the
inuminy
Strong. embalmingg fluids werepour
ed into the body, which was then
steered in natron and left for seventy
days. After this' it was washed and
bound with strips, of the finest flax,
strong gum being used to secure the
wrappings.
The mummy was first placed in a
wooden coffin. The latter was deposit-
ed in another coffin, which In turn was
enclosed in a third ,shaped lathe form
of a human being.
The idea was that the soul was free
to wander through the abodes of the
dead for a period of about ten. thous-
and years, after whichit was supposed
to return and look for'its earthly body.
Transmission was imagined to have
taken place if the body deeeyedeor was
disturbed.
iy
What Sunlight Does.
According to a French scientist long
residence in a city makes, a person's
eyes, grow paler and this hair lighter
in color because he is less in the sun-
light.
unlight.
The -,Advantage of An
Education.
Jamas "Mulligan was the .only man in
the village who could be hired !to saw
and "split: wood or to use a lawn
mower; and' he never lost a chance. to
impress," the fact upon a casual listen
er.
"I've got to get this" job througihl for
your .!ma.'qui ok as ever I can," he an
pounced to the snualll son of cone. of his
empkoyers. "I'm losing sixty cents• an
hour`.' right alttong every minute I'm
here.:' Thare's three people: waiting for
; me now, and I d,on:'t know �hiow they
are gout' to get along till to -morrow
wit1w it me; °any ' sine of them"
Mu4leg•an," said the bey.
s
rem, �� '
"tri. ' "�rir�'t see howyou u are
Y
i losing;. a,ix Vy cents an hour when moth
I be; pays ye`u"'twenty, and you couldn't
be lnaivere.than one place at the same
r tame, arnd—"
"Hove. you got as far aseome in
g trY
I your studies?" inquired Mr. Mu?ligan
coldly, _resting his arms on the handle.
',of the lawn mower.
"Ne," admited' the boy. •
"Whin; you do you'll understand a
good many things that's .hid from you
now," said i\lr MuhI.igan,. resuming hips
w�
leis` x,yr er over the ;lawn.•.,.
Magnetic Rotation.
Tono-magnetic rotation is the terra
given to a certain phenomenon. If a
spark from _ a ooardenser of consider-
able capacity is scent horizontally
through' a gas' and two small vertical
planes, of mice in tare form ,of •a cross
are suspended in the middle of the dis-
charge by- a-iine-fibre attached to the
centre of the cross the spark produces
no rotation of theesu'dss. If, however,
a•vei'tical magnetic field is established
in- the gas the," cross rotates through
a considerable angle :it the gas is' • air
and over a scall anglein other gases.
This rotation, is ascribed by some
authorities! to thebending •of the paths
of the ions or electronsand to the ad-
ditional protection which the vanes af-
ford each other against impacts from
one side rather than from the other in
these circumstances, The observed
rotations indicate' teat the effects of
the positive ions are in general great-
er than those of the negative.
A POLISH Vr'iW or THE, GOLD KING.,
Uncle .Sall ---"Wily don't you quit worrying me a.bont taking- any name 04
Europe on uty hands.? l7on, t you, se's I am loader1 clowii as' it is?"
—Fiesta 'Mut clia, Warsaw
piny Ridge, April :9, 1917
This is the living and the dead who fought for us,
Who fought and lived, and died for us on Vimy Wage;
This is our living sons, our dead, who bought far us
Our greatest; held for us, with sword, the nations' bridge
This is the men who sealed their faith in blood for us,
Who mocked for us at death; took up the challenge Prtnh;
Who fought like warridi• kings of old and flung for us
The gates of freedom wide, valiant of heart and limb.
The nations, rising, bring homagee rare to them facedtie thundering
guns, the rush, the dire advance;'
Who sto1 med the fearsome height, and breached the line for
them,
And, dying, brought to death a sweet, a new romance,
Our living heroes ! Rapturous praise we bring to them!.
Theirs was the hour, at last, to conquer and to live;
What shall we render, humbly, in our love to them,
What wreathed incense shall the nation proudly give?
Nought we can bring, in pride, shall pay aur debt to thein
Who fought, and lived, or bravely fell on Vimy Height;
Yield we our all, our lives, in tribute free to them,
Who drove the darkness back for us—who brought the light:
Anna Durie.
Minstrel Show Programmes
Should Not. Contain Negro
Spirituals.
he averageCanadian, who loves the
old negro melodies, ;will readily agree
that the movement to preserve the
negava spirituals from abuse deserves
eve'ryone's moral support. To mak&
use of suet) pieces as "Go Down
M'os'es," " Low Se hrio,".
cr "I Ain't GoiSwingng to DIe AnyeeMC ho ," tat
a minstrel show or in a turn on the
vaudeville stage is'just as irreverent
and out of place as to make light of
such world favorite hymns as "Lead
Kindly Light," and "Nearer My God to
Thee." This is because the spirituals
are sincere religious, • outpourings: of
the negro hieart that had their birth
during Vlroubloue times, of the slavery
days in the South.
It is, true that from a musical, theo-
logical
healogical and poetical standpoint, the
spirituals may be considered outland-
ishly imaginative and even, crude, but
they are none the less sanoere. No
gentleman nor lady would use such
pieces in a way to give offence to the
negro people any-, more than they
would make disrespeotfua use of the
religious songs 'of any other race. •
One im dispose,d to think that the
use of negro spirituals as comic
choruses for e. minstrel show is al-
most always unintentional, Our Cana
dian young people are too •courteous.
and well bred to knowingly ,give of-
fence not only to colored people, but
to all musicaovers and those who ie-
spect tee feelings of others, by singing
essentially sacred.eongs as funny min-
strel stunts. A number of these songs
.re :not habelief sacred in their titles,
and• .it..,ia only -necessary' to have . our
young people acquainted with the faots
to guard against a misuse of negro
spirituals:
Any person' who h'as ever heard one
of these numbers rendered by the
Mendelise'ohm Choir or by the Fiske
University Jubilee Chorus of over 200
voices in their home city, as the writer
has done, will never fail to realize
what the negro:`spirituals really.mean..
Highest Dwelling in U.S. an
Mount Rainier,
For the purpose of providing shelter
for mountaineers, who may be over-
taken by storms, the United States
governmegt recently constructed a
novel stone drweliing at an altitude of
10,000 feet, on the south side .of Mt.
Rainier, Rainier National Park. The
location of the shelter is on a sand and
pumice --stone ridge at the base of Gib-
raltar, a famous landmark in the park.
The spot is known as. Camp Muir,
named after a famous explorer who
ascended the mountain in 1888, and
chose this piece for a camp, because
it is practically the only spot on the
mountain sheltered from heavy winds.
The shelter is built .of stones gather-
ed on the site, and the style of archi-
teeture resembles' that of Indian
dwellings of the Southwest. Construct-
ed by the National Park Service at a
cost of $2,500,, the building houses cone
for•tably 25 persons.
Simple Perfume Making.
At first thought it might seem an
iinposs•ible feat to collect the perfume.
of flowers after it has escaped into the
air, yet it seems simple enough by bh'is
method.
Fresh, high scented blossoms are
placed in an uncovered bowl filled with
water and set near tee "collector," .
which consists of a common glass fun-
nel with the small end closed. The
funnel is filled with a mixture of
orushed ice and salt and suspended in
au upright position. Moisture from'
the air of the room forms on it and '
unites with the einanatices from the
flowers. As .the moisture collects it
runs off :the tip of the funnel into are- '
oeptaole. Ie this liquid is mixed with
an equal amount of pure alcohol the
perfume of the flowers is preserved in-
definitely.
Permits for Radio.
While radio broaacacting has been i
begun in Brazil from stations in Rio
de Janeiro. the Government requires
permits for the installation ef-reeeiv-
ing sets.
What the Clock Does.
Ma ---"Is the •clock runnng, s,onnite"
Sennie—"No,, mar it's just standing
still an' waggin' its tail."
Queer Fashions in Engage-
ment Rings.
Romance was not associated with
engagement rings when they first
came into fashion.
The engagement ring is said to have
originated as an institution to bold the
fickle and forgetful man to his bargain
from the time he declared his, passion
until the wedding ceremony took
place.
It was during the second century;
B.C. that women began to flash an en-
gagement ring on the fourth finger of
the left hand as a symbol of betroah-
al.
It was displayed on that particular
finger because of the belief, prevalent
at the time, that a special vein rang'
from that finger to the heart. Later
thisidea was scouted and ether fingera4,
became fashionable.
In Russia th,e. ring was worn on the'
forefinger, and in France on the mid-
dle finger, while during the seven-
teenth century English women wore
the ring on the thumb.
At one time the engagement ring
consisted of three hoops looped to-
gether into what was. known as a puze
zle ring. On the wedding day ene of
these rings was given to the bride•
groom, another to an intimate friend,
and the bride kept the remaining hoop.;
For many centuries the engagement
ring did duty as a wedding ring as
well. The wedding ring, also, was not
given from sentimental motives, :but
was at the start an article almost asi
practical as • a frying -pan! The wife
was. given a plain goad ring with a key,
attached so that she and she only,l
could have access to household goode.
The' wedding ring was adopted- by;
the Anglo-Saxons about A.D. 860, Dur-
ing the generations since then it has
been alternately plain and elaborate.!
Very often the rings were inscribed in
a puzzling fashion by interlocking the
names of bride and groom.
A,
• Affecting the Fish.
"Doesn't dumping all this booze into,
the sea affect the fish?"
"To be sure it does—they're catch-'
ing pickled herring everywhere."
Getting Butter from Columbia.
Fish.
Butter from a fish? Sounds ridicu•
louse but it is true. In Meath only the
butterfish, or colichan, comes from the
unknown depths of the Pacific up the
rivers ,of British Columbia to spawn.
It is almost pure oil, and it le to the
Indians of the region what butter is
to Anglo-Saxons and olive oil to south-
ern Latin races. The Indians get a
year's supply of the equivalent of life
sustaining fats of other nations in
three weeks. Then the fish le seen
no mere for another year.
The fish, from six to eight inches
long, are taken in millions by Indians
in nets', then thrown into rough cedar
bins ashore to soften in the sun, the
first of the fat rendering process. Af-
ter a week or so in the aun, aeoording
to the weather, the fish are put in
great cedat vests of boiling water, the
water heated by dropping hot stones
continually in. This, oddly enough,
makes better colichau butter then toil-
ing, the white man's way. A parallel
may be cited in old and new methods
of producing maple sugar, the old
much better of flavor. The oil is
Skimmed off into cedar box containers
holding from ten to twenty gallons
and ha,rtlens to an appearance very.
much , lake lard. The cedar box oorr
Miners are marvelous works of join-
ing and are watertight. Tho colichan
butter when well made 'is palatoble
and contains no strong flahy taste,
Needless to say there are as many
grades of good and bad colichan but-
ter as Cow's.
The Imperfect Looking Glass.
Man --"Whet bseame of that mirror
I bought for my wife?"
Maid ---"The inissus Made Inc take;
it back, sir. She said it didn't do her,
justice.'
Practice makes pttri'e vices ar
well as virtues.