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Zurich Herald, 1925-11-12, Page 7PROMINENT AMERICANS VISIT CORN BORER AREAS IN ESSEX AND KENT BY L. CAESAR, QNTAR10 AGRICULTURAL COLLI~1G1! , On September 30th a party of about gerous pest and one worthy of the One hundred leading men of the Un- closest attention on the part, of all kited States visited the worst infested corn growers, A committee of their Corn areas iii Essex and Kent. The own number was formed to Arouse the party, was composed of representa- interest of farmers in the United tives of the government at Washing- States and to get the support of the ton, the .state commissioners of agri-. public in taking whatever measures culture, heads of :agricultural colleges seemed necessary for dealing with the and experiment stations, entomole pest wherever it appeared, They real- ogists, agronomists, managers of can- ized that should the borer get into the ning factories, representativesof great corn belt of the^United States large farm implement companies and and cause the sane 'sort of dev'asta- „members of the press. These men tion there that it is doing in parts came from all parts of the United of Essex and Kent that it would be States, some of them from as far a terrible blow to these states; for,, away as Kansas and Nebraska, they said, se far as they could now see On -.the following day they net with there; was no crop which could be the Canadian entomologists at the' grown nearly so profitably in these Prince -Edward Hotel, Windsor, for al areas as corn, general discussion of the borer. In -In the discussion on control meas - this meeting, without exception, the' urea it was seen that the American visitors expressed amazement and investigators in their' recommenda- ularm at the devastation they had Been tions agreed •entirely with the`methodls In the corn fields . visited, most of advocated byProfessor C sa � r and which had been totally ruined by the Mr. Crawford for Ontario. Briefly borer. The majority of those who these are to destroy all borers by spoke said they had been somewhat feeding, burning or plowing•. down of skeptical until now of the importance all the corn remnants including the of this insect; but no longer had any stubble, and having all the work coin - doubt that it was an exceedingly dan- pleted by not later than June. MUSHROOM CULTURE Attempts' at growing mushrooms are not always . successful, but ars a rule failures are due to misakes in. • management or location. A cellar,: • outbuilding or barn where the temper- ature can be kept fairly uniform be- tween 45 and 65 deg. F. answers very well. For a winter bed preparation should be made about the end of October. The bed consists of horse stable manure where wheat or oat straw has been used for bedding. As much as pos- sible of the long straw in the manure should be removed. The heap re- quires to be sheltered from rain, and 'kept from burning by forking over several 'tames at intervals of four to seven'.days until the first violent heat- ing is over, which will take from three to fear -weeks. By this time It will have become thoroughly mixed, of a fairly uniform consistency, and will have lost its rank odor. If dur- ing the heating of the maniere it be- comes very dry, sufficient water may be added to maks it moist, but not wet. A good way to determine whe- ther the manure is of the correct moistness and consistency is to take up a handful and squeeze it tightly; if, on opening the hand; the manure falls to pieces, it is too dry, or if water is squeezed out, it- is too wet, but if it retains its shape without any] My experienoe has' been that sheep water being squeezed out it is in per -i do much better and keep in healthier fleet condition to use for making the condition when allowed to remain in `mss. the open air as much as possible, and MAISTNG ..THE BEDS. protected from storms by well ventil- The manure may be placed on the ated sheds. I have made the mistake, Seer up against a wall so that the like many other flock owners, during pile its ten inches in front and sixteen the winter, . of confining my flock too inches 'at the back; or spread en closely during stormy and severe shelves one above another. Suitable weather, only to discover in a few shelves are ten feet long, three feet, days that I had done my sheep More six inches wide, and ten inches deep, injury than good. with eighteen inches clearance be- Sheep are abundantly protected by tween the bottom of . the shelf above nature against severe cold, and too and the surface of manure in the close housing is very, likely to cause shelf below. These measurements a great many members of the flock may be altered to suit the .size and to take cold. Here, proper manage - shape of the space available. If the ment will help one out. Hardy sheep, manure is to be placed on the floor, in good flesh condition, possess won - care should be talken, that the beds derfu•1 disease -resisting power and, if rest upon a dry bottom and not direct properly protected against storms and Iy on cement. The manure should be housed in well ventilated. stables; need compacted with a spade or other tool not become victims to attack. when the bad is being made. For the first week or ten days after the bed is mode ib will gradually heat up. The temperature can be d•eter- mined by inserting a common glass thermometer in -to the manure. When the temperature is found to be 65 to 75 dega F. when taken in various parts of the bed, it,, is then time to insert the spawn. the condition of the beds. :If they get very dry quickly, water oftener. In a pamphlet on mushroom culture prepared by'Mr. F. L. Drayton; Plant Pathologist at the Experimental Farm, Ottawa, . it is pointed out that old manure or manure mixed with shavings or sawdust ;are :not suitable for growing mushrooms. The curing of the manure should not he attempt- ed too late in the season when cantina: ous frosty weather wild • hinder the proper heating up. It is important that the spawn be not planted 'until thetemperature of the manure is cone stant at -abou 65 deg. F. for three or four days, because manure will heat up again after the bed is made. Over watering is especially to be avoided as the manure must' be kept just moist. The spreading of the soil over the manure must he delayed until the spawn has started to make a mould - like growth. • With . these precautions observed, the growing of mushrooms should not prove difficult. Preventing 'Winter Ailments of Sheep. Sheep are subject to a number of ailments, such as colds, catarrh and indigestion that, while not considered dangerous, impairs the health of the flock. Prevention is advised, par- ticularly with ailments attacking sheep during the winter when confin- ed to limited quarters, and are dry fed. • SPAWNING. Bricks oj< spawn can be obtained at a moderate price from any reliable firm dealing in seeds and garden sup- plies. The bricks should be broken into ten or twelve pieces and these pieces should be planted eight to ten inches apart each way in the bed, and half to three-quartersinch deep. This is best done by inaldng a hole on the sur face of the manure, inserting the parked en four blocks had fenders Sheep during the winter months should be kept in good flesh, well nourished, and muted to take plenty of outdoor exercise. Confinement makes them sluggish, impairs the di- gestive and circulatory systems, and reduces physical vitality. Well nour- ished and properly housed sheep sel- dom become dis11ased.—L. C. R. a. The Under Surface -Save It, Too. Paint and varnish save the outer surface on most ,automobiles, but the under surface is neglected. The under- side - of automobile fenders suffers most. Recently, in a small -town, where nearly all of the cars parked belonged to farniers, I counted and found that.uiie out of every six cars piece of spawn, covering- it over and pressing down the manure on the surface over the spawn. In about two weeks a piece of the tactors, and where scratched and rusty • spawn should be dug up d exam- spots are not'eexposed to view they are ined. If a number of white threads not green attention, Even on ears are seen to by running out from the with the .bast of finishes, mud, -driven spawn like mould, it is then time to, sand, and loosely adjusted chains soon!1.; _spread two or three inch -es of good piny havoc with the finish given the' loamy •salt aver the,surface cf the chassis and under -side of fenders. manure, Metal surface is exposed. It rusts,: wasagING. Paint or enamel.epplied immediately No watertshouid be' put on the beds would stop the damage.; after spawning until the mushrooms As the surfaces are'not exposed to appear which will be • six to eight Weeks from the time of spawning, It is very; des'iable however to keep the n.iraround the beds as•moist as pos- sible. This can be done by occasion- ally sprinkling the walls and floor with water, After the mushrooms- bo - gin. to appear the beds should be prinks+ad vary lightly every day or two until the surface is just moist. After that one or tw.twsprinklings a 'Week will bo sufficient, according to rusted' through from the under -side. J • All of us still regard paint and ver- na'sh as -beautifiers rather than as pro -1 t TyCobb,Cob b great baseball star 'and manager of the Detroit Tigers, photo- graphed in Toronto en'route to his 'annual hunting and fishing vacation in Northern Ontario. UNCLE BEN AND . • THE BEAR BY M. P. Uncle Ben was going to his wife house when he met the bear. He live on one plantation, and she on anorther five miles apart, and twice every w4 on Wednesday and Saturday, he wen to see her. Usually he started'in the' afternoo those many years ago, but on this par ticular 'day he had been detained, an it was after nightfall before he ha halfway accomplished his walk. Ho ever, he cared but little for that, sine knowing every foot of the path by heart, he could travel it .by night as easily as by day, and he trudged along at a rapid, pace, thinking only of Betsy and his childa-en. He was in the depths of a thick piece of woods, when he heard- a Testl- ing in the undergrowth near him. "`One er Squire Thonrsonas . hogs done run off," he thought. "Well, I ain't got time to ketch um for him dis night, sushi" and he kept on. his way, looking neither to the right nor the left. The rustling continued, and in a few moments, as he came to a place where the path widened •a little, and the trees grew further apart; letting in a Little moonlight, what should come out of the -bushes just in front of him but a great black bear! Now Uncle Ben knew a bear.when he saw it, but none lived in that part of the country, and he could' hardly believe his eyes. - "Brother Moses!" he said to"h self, and stopped short, looking at the bear. The bear looked at him, and then, growling, came toward ;him. The old man felt scared, and with good reason. The bear was really a very large one, and here was he, alone in the woods, a mire from- any house, with no weapon except the thick walking- staff which he held in his hand. As the bear drew 'near him he grasped his stick, and, with the energy of despair, held it up, threateningly. To his joyful surprise, the bear, at this, stopped immediately, and rising on its hind legs, began to dance. Doubtless many of you have seen -a dancing -bear, but not one of you ever enjoyed the spectacle as did Uncle Ben, • As the bear stood up in the moon- light, he saw that . a rope was tied 'around its neck, and the long end dangled on the ground, He understood from this,• together with the dancing, that the bear was a tame, or at least an educated one, and he realized the necessity of not showing his fear of it. .So he walked boldly up to the bear„ and seized hold of the rope. At once the bear, feeling the pull, came down en its forefeet, and followed its cap- tor, who kept tight hold of his stick, inwardly thankful that he had not very much further to go. Near the edge of the wood, and di- rectly on the path, was a young per- shernon tree, loaded with ripe fruit. When the odd companions reached this, the bear showed a strong desire to stop, and Uncle Ben, wisely reason- ing that if suffered to satisfy its hunger on persimmons it would be less likely to eat him, paused readily, and ehook the tree for it again and again, until it would eat no more. Then they took up their lino of march once more, Uncle Ben leading he bear, which showed mo signs of. resistance whatever.. • Great was the astonishment of his good wife Betsy and their ehildren when, at nine o'clock at night, after. hey lead given hien up for thttt night at least, he appeared with his captive. Opening the door at his knock, Betsy started back, with both hands raised, "Ben. Harrisen!" she exclaimed; whar'pun the top er the yerth did ou git dat bar?" • "You'd better be thankin' de Lord. Betsy," he answered, "dat. de bar idn't git me;; I thort he had done it whets 1 seed him, for shuali l" Then Betsy escorted her husband ad his bear up to the mansion -house f the plantatiion. The master canis out and listened to the story in aston- hment, shaking hands 'with Ben in earty :congratulation when he was one. • How HANDY. 's "You're a Mucky fellow, Ben, in more d ways than one," said he. "The bear wee d d belongs to a traveling manager which stopped in the village to -da and will give a show to -morrow. T bear escaped from them on their w and they have offered five dollars r ward for it." The bear was secured' for the ni in` an empty out -house, and by d • ELEt1RJC HEAT, LIGHT AND POWER BY CLARA Wo4LWORni, There's a modern little wonder- working' djinn that lives in the wall of every one of the thousands of electrically wired homes in this: Nun - try, ready instantly to do our, bidding. And since no one ever has been able to give a satisfactory definition of electricity, and we surnmen it to our aid by the mere touch of a button, why not look upon it as a friendly, helpful •,spirit that will step in and relieve us 4f. just as much of the .heavy burdensome^part of housework as we are willing to let it do? Until within the last dozen years people thought of electricity for the home principally in terms af light, and of the quantity of dight rather than the quality. When homes were wired for electricity in the earlier days one . outlet in the centre of the ceiling was considered enough. Even now in some sections this idea still persists. It means ens that the only way in which a floor or table lamp or some elec- trical appliance may be added to the equipment is by a dangling cord. Of course this emergency may be met by the use of a two-way plug, but that is never very satisfactory. LIGHT W TERE YOU NEED IT MOST. Certainly having just enough out- lets to furnish enough lights to read and see by,'but not enough for well - distributed, comfortable lighting, is a ie long step in advance over candles and y, oil. lamps, but it is not getting the Th most out of the investment you have ay, made in your power and light outfit e- or in your wiring. It is an easy matter to add base- htgboard and side wall outlets, even da where the wiring has been installed for some years. But putting in enough outlets at the time the original wiring is done, to take care of all possible future needs, is considerably more economical than adding them later. light the next morning a boy was sent e, on horseback to the village with the news of its capture. - Very . soon its owners appeared,• much rejoiced to recover it in good condition, since they had been very uneasy for fear lest some. one might have shot it, not knowing its value. "I'd a -killed it, shuah, sah," said Uncle Ben frankly, "ef I had a gun; but when I held up my stick at it, an' it begun ter dance, I know'd it wa'n't reany savage, Thank you, sah!" he added, as he pocketed his reward. "He would have been savage,. though, if that fellow had shown any fear of him," said the man, to the white people around him. "His cour age and coolness saved his life." And then, having muzzled the heal he made him dance and go through th manual exercise for the entertain ment of the household-, and then their great relief he took him away Care of the Greenhouse.. • view- extreme: skill in applying the � y finish is not essential. There is, there- fore, less excuse for the unskilled man not attending to these neglected under d surfaces. As a, rule they demand at- tention every six months. It is well worth whi•.e, in fact, to paint or en- a anel the whole car chassis 'once tit o year, The best wayto make money s byh Y helping-othere to make money, d r, e to The growing ef vegetables and flowers under glass has becofne an in- dustry of great importance. It is estimated that there is about six mil- lion square feet of space under glass in Canada devoted to the growing of -these crops which are valued up to about three miblion dollars per year. These crops are. subject to innumer- able insects the ravages of which en- tail heavy losses. It was to reduce these as far as possible that the bul- letin entitled "Insects Affecting Greenhouse. Plants" was prepared by Dominion Entomologist Arthur Gib- son, and his 'assistant W. A. Ross. As the authors say, ,much of this 'loss may be. avoided if growers adopt the remedies that are recommended in the bulletin, which is freely obtainable by application to the Publications Branch, Dept. of Agriculture, Ottawa, How prolific and consequently how de- structive these insects may become is illustrated by the fact that scientists have estimated that if, all the progeny of a single aphid were to survive they would in 30.0 days be equal in weight to the teeming population of China seven fold: General recommendations given in the bulletin are as follows: Working among his plants the grower should keep careful watch for -any insect pest before they become destructive and have time to spread-. Hand-picking for leaf -eating cater- pil;iars should be practiced whenever possible and infected material burned lir otherwise ruthlessly destroyed. Weeds should be rigidly kept down. In selecting soil see that it is free from insects, such as cutworms, white grubs and wirewerms. If there is reason to believe the son or manure introduced is affected ster- Kizo it before planting. Examine carefully any new stock imported. , Rotation is often advisable. The common white fly is, for instance, very injurious to tomato, prim•rese atd other plants and if new locations are used for such crops control of the in - met will be easier. Observe. how the insects feed, as by so doing the proper remedy to apply will be better revealed. If the insect be a biting one, such as •caterpillars, a stomach poison, such as arsenate of lead, is usually applic- able; if a sucking ono•, which get their food by their beaks, such as aphids., scan insects, etc., other insecticides are recommended, such, for instance, says the bulletin, as pr•e;:arntione con- taining tobaeco. Keep tho greenhouse •clean and burn all rubbish, ease Nothing makes a woman Madder' when she's sick in bed, than to hear 1 er husband telling folks ovcz the telet phone that she's just firie. The main thing to be considered in planning your original wiring, or for additional outlets, are the comfort and convenience of the whole house- hold. For good lighting that means having fixtures and lamps of a type thiit will' give you the right quality and quantity of light where you need it most. But there are a few general rules which anyone may follow for the plac- ing of . righting and appliance outlets throughout the house. In the kitchen the most important thing is to have the lighting source so placed that there will be no shadows on your work. Usually this means one centre light, 75 or 100 watt, placed quite close to the ceiling with the bulb itself inclosed in a white glass bowl of any favored shape. This costs a -little more than the fluted glass shade that is open at the bottom, but it gives a much more comfortable light to work by and'' -is just as easy to keep clean. If your kitchen is .a large one and you stand in your own light while working at the sink or •at the stove, you will need a bracket light, protect- ed by a shade, so placed that it will do away with the shadows. Two lights ought to be enough for any except the 1 largest kitchens, Sometimes two ceil- ing cutlets, ones toward each and of • the kitchen, give the best' results, As you may do most of your iron-' ing and perhaps your washing in the, kitchen, a side wall outlet, placed at a convenient sport and height for op-', erating the electric iron or washer,' will be a big help, `In the dining room, where the table,, is the Main thing to think of, a dome or a candelabra fixture, so shaded that no lanips are in sight from any' place - et the table and hung high enough to' avoid shadowing any part of the table,!- Will give all the light needed, Off, course side wall brackets for supple.' mentary light. are nice to have, but. not absolutely necessary to that cern fort and convenience we are talking, about here. A floor outlet under the table, for connecting the table appy-; ances—percolator, toaster or waffle iron—is a real convenience. if you can{ manage it without cutting the rug. 'Some of the newer dining -room domes} are made with a convenient outlet! concealed in a tassel hanging under-' neath. A baseboard outlet et a con- venient point where no one will catch' the cord in passing wi•11 do for table` appliances, the vacuum cleaner or an' electric heater on cold mornings. In the living room, "local" lighting' —that is, by floor and table lamps, placed where they will be most useful' for reading or sewing or playing games, is pleasant, but if the room is quite large, a central light close toy the ceiling is almost necessary. LAMPS FOR EVERY TASTE, If you know just about how your large pieces of furniture are to stay,1 you can plan your baseboard outlets so that you can connect your lamps with the least display of cord. There are all kinds of attractive bridge and floor and table lamps, from the •simple wrought -iron ones with parchment shades, to be had around four dollars, up to the very beautiful and expensive porcelain ones with wonderful silk shades. But you can probably snake your own silk shade at a very small cost. Whether or not you have a base- board outlet in the hall depends a good deal on its size and shape. If it is' one of those lovely big wide ones you will want an outlet for a table lamp and side wall brackets on either side of the mirror, in addition to the lantern or candelabra fixture near the door. If the hall is small you need only the one fixture. In some bedrooms once well -shaded overhead light will do for general lighting, but to prevent shadows at the dressing table it is well to have side-wall lights on either side and a ibaseboard outlet far connecting a boudoir lamp or curling iron. A small table lamp by the bed for reading and another outlet to connect the vacuum cleaner, heating pad or electric heater will give you every- thing you possibly need in the larger bedrooms. - In the bathroom, either a centre light, which may be a small edition of the kitchen unit, placed to throw a good light on the mirror, or side ights at the mirror, with one base- board or side wall outlet, will do. quires :3% yards of 36 -inch, or 2% yards of 54 -inch material. If con- trasting color material is used for the panel and jabot, the dress requires 3 yards of 86 -inch and the panel and jabot 1% yards. Price 20 cents, Many styles of smart apparel may be found in our new Fashion Hook. Our designers originate their patterns in the heart of the style centres, and their creations are those of tested popularity brought within the means of the average woman. Price of the book 10 cents the copy. HOW TO ORDER PATTERNS. Write your name and address plain- ly, giving number and size of such patterns as you want. Enclose 20e in stamp:: or coin (coin preferred; wrap it carefully) for each number, and address your order to Pattern Dept., Wilson Publishing Co,, 73 West Ade- laide St., Toronto. Patterns sent by return maim THE LONG-SLEEVED yAT1N FROCK. . The straightof--line is we'd portray- ed in this gown of shining satin, indi- vidua:ieed by shaped jabots set under the edges of the panel front. The back is in one piece, and the narrow belt; girdles the hips, passing through slots in the jabots and ties gracefully at the front. The long s.k eves are finished with narrow pointed cuffs made of the lame material as the jabots. Tho diageam pictures the simple design of the partly finished frock, No. 1216, which is in sizes 16, 18 anti 20 years (34, Sts and 38 inches bust). Size 18 years (36 bust) ro•- .wwe wells Only run Down. Iinbby -"Our old'' clock -mender has gone out of business." Writ© e"1112" Rubio-et-No—only run down." Wifely Pride. "Spike, dear," ahnapered the ho:mo prowler's wife as she handed limn his burglar tools and -kissed him good- ' night, "try to be a little more quiet when you come in to -night." "'Smatter, babe?" inquired tate fond huebancl: "1)id T' wake 'youse up Ias! night?'' 'No, but you awakened another," war the roplyi And i don't want her to go horns and toil fatheir 1 's.arrjed ax amateur."