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Zurich Herald, 1924-05-22, Page 2ar Roasted .For pa .For people» rild packed same day in airtight cans C-1 IP r 'address. communications to Aurora) SUMMER SPRAYING AND DUSTING. It is rank foolishness to plant pota toes unless you are prepared to spray them. The potato disease is a fungus the minute spores of which float about heist, 73 Adelaide St. West, Toron:e As distinct in their habits from the eating and chewing insects, aphis or _ green fly suck the juices from the plants and cannot be killed by the same insecticide. To fight these pests we have to use a contact poison such, unseen in the atmosphere during the late spring and summer. These spores alight wherever they can, but whether or not they happen to rest on the po- tato foliage they can develop only under particular conditions, warmth and moisture each being an essential factor. The potato plant is the congenial host of these spores, and when they reach the leaves or stems they lie inert until the required conditions prevail, when they immediately de- velop slender threads which enter the tissues of leaf and stem, and as soon as this happens the fungus has in- stalled itself in a fortified position. What is necessary is that before the spores have an opportunity to se- cure themselves, the whole surface of leaf and stem should be covered with a chemical film against which the fungus cannot battle. Therefore, in order to make sure of success, the po- tato plants must be sprayed several times throughout the season. In addition to disease there are a number of insects ready to prey upon the potato unless they are held in check. These insects are all of the chewing or eating kind, and we can fight both disease and insects by using a combination mixture, such as lead arsenate and Bordeaux. Spraying first when the plants are six inches high, and continuing at regular inter- vals of two weeks, we can check dis- ease, also potato bugs and flea beetles. The commercial grower .prepares his own Bordeaux -arsenate mixture at home but • as a liquid nicotine emulsion or kero-I emulsion, and the liquid must envelop them. Tobacco powder may be used. The corn -ear worm has become a serious pest in some locations. So far/ the only remedy that has proved fair- ly successful in the control of the' worm is a mixture of equal parts of powdered arsenate of lead and flowers of sulphur. This poison must bei maintained throughout the period that the silks are green and succulent. Immediately the silk appears a little pile of poison is placed upon it by means of the tin sifter, repeating at intervals of a few days until three or four applications have been given or until the ears are ready for har- vesting. Cutworms are a serious pest. A quick and certain remedy is found conditions and ellmate, and the crops in a poisoned bait, using a quarter may vary some with the locality. The pound of Paris green, five pounds of main idea is to get something in that bran, one quart of molasses and three will make a fair growth and will sup - parts of water. ply green feed for the hens.The crops Mix the Paris green with the bran, need only be three or four inches high and in a separate vessel mix the mo- -just so the birds ,can get some green lasses and water. Pour the liquid feed. Another purpose that green feed QIJLTRY We all agree that .green feed f. the layers is essential in: winter, bu I'm afraid we quite forget it is equal ly necessary in summer, And the comes a time in late summer when vegetation is not so green and .plan tiful. Maintaining a crop •of green. feed all during the summer and early far not only aids the bird by furnishing them with a constant supply to eat but it helps to keep from contamina- tion the ground upon which the chick- ens are running, Where birds are allowed the run of the farm this problem is not' so keen as where they are confined, The bads will get a sufficient supply all sum- mer where there is some damp portion of the farm. There comes a time, however, when the growth becomes woody and not available.:' This ` is where the following suggestions for a permanent supply of" green feed will ft in: If possible, some permanent sod should be provided. Alfalfa or clover, especially the former, is desirable. Where it is not possible to'xnaintain such a permanent sod other,arrange- ments may be made. Green feed may be provided by putting in a succession of crops. To allow the birds to run outside and at the same time provide green.feed it is necessary to have a double yarding system. Under such a system one yard is growing a green crop while the birds are feeding in the other; when the green crop is entirely consumed the other should be ready ' to take its place, and so on. The following rotation. may be used in sections where, in general, the growing season is not very long. Yard A—April 1, oats and peas; June 1, birds feeding; Aug. 1,'soy beans; Oct. 1, birds feeding.. Yard B—April 1, birds= feeding on fall -planted crop; June 1, buckwheat; (�,xeh�rd.: or Dealing mainly with the renovation t of neglected orchards, the Dominion - Horticulturist, hi Bulletin No. 79, re'. gives a few general principles that apply to the younger and more vigor- - ous orchards. In pruning, the oper- ate!: must bear' in mind that each tree is in itself a proposition, and that 1 each variety has some general char- acteristic which must .be considered. , To prune the King in the same 'mane ner as one would prune the Wagener is to court disaster. Pruning wood growth heavily in the spring would induce such a heavy wood growth that matters would be worse than be- fore, while in the case of the Wagener, not being such a vigorous grower, rather heavy pruning in the spring might be advantageous. To a certain extent it is true that in pruning -it is desirable to cut out all branches that grow in towards the centre and also all branches that interfere with each other, but if this principle were rigor- ously followed in the case of the King, there would be little left to bear fruit. The whole matter is a case of judg- ment and personal experience. It is quite possible to over -do pruning, and it is a good idea to prune no more than you have to. The orchard hav- ing once been put in good shape,. the removal annually of dead wood and diseased wood, with now and then a healthy branch that ie inclined to the obstinate, will suffice. The bulletin quoted is available on application to the Publications Branch of the Do- minion Department of Agriculture, Ottawa. Pruning the Potato Inspection and Certification. Arrangements have been made for the continuation of potato inspection and certification during the coining season, and forms of application have already been forwarded to all potato Aug. 1, birds feeding; Oct. 1, wheat growers whose fields were inspected and rye. last year. These: forme are returnable These dates may vary two weeks up to July 1st, so that there is still either way, depending upon weather ample time for any other growers who may desire to submit their fields for inspection to write for a form and secure any.particulars they may de- sire in respect to the work. Letters (postage free) should be addressed to the Dominion Botanist, Central Ex- perimental Farm, Ottawa, who will see that every attention is paid to re- quests for forms and additional infor- mation. He will arrange for the carrying out of inspections at the ap- propriate time during the season. Two field inspections will as usual be made, the first as near as possible to the blossoming period, and the sec- ond one three to four weeks later. The standard for the field inspec- tion will be the same as that applied last year, and any fields, as the result of the two inspections, found to mea- sure up to this standard, will' be con- sidered eligible for certification, sub- ject to an inspection of the tubers after harvest and the grading out of any which may appear undesirable for seed purposes. slowly into the bran -and -Paris -green mixture, stirring continuously until a damp crumbly mass is formed. Small pieces of the bait are placed among the plants in the evening, as the cut- worms feed during the night. The bait must not be used where chickens are allowed to run. Finch Dairy Station Proves Profitable. whale only a limited The charge often made that a gov- ernment establishment can not be con- ducted with profit has been disproved by the success of the dairy station operated by the Dairy Branch of the Dominion Department of Agriculture at Finch, Ontario. This station is operated as a combined cheese fac- tory, creamery, and milk and cream shipping station. Its milk supply is received from about 120 patrons farming within a few miles of the plant. Last year the factory handled 8,213,531 pounds of milk, of which 1 107,156 pounds were sold as whole milk. As cream 210,579 pounds of butter fat were disposed of. From the balance of the milk there were manufactured 20,302 pounds of but- ter and 148,479 pounds of cheese. The quantity is necessary for the home gardener, there are reliable pastes on the market. SAFEGUARDING THE ONION OROP, On some soils and in certain sea- sons the onion crop may come through safely, but on the other hand the plants are liable to be attacked by the onion fly, or if they escape that scourge, a visit from thrip is always to be feared. To prevent the fly from damaging • the crop, mix one cupful of kerosene in a pail of sand and strew it along the young plants, or spray with kero- sene emulsion, The emulsion is prepared by mixing three pints of kerosene and half a pound of soft soap—or whale -oil soap —with one gallon of boiling water, mixing thoroughly by churning with a hand pump, and adding seven gallons of warm water when the onions are young, and six gallons when they are forming bulbs. The spray should be applied in the form of a dense mist, repeating at intervals of two or three days, and always after heavy rains. Another method is to dust the plants with lime and flowers of sul- phur, mixing one part of the latter in six parts of lime. Onion thrip may be present among the plants for some time before its presence is discovered. The thrip is such a small microscopical rascal; but in spite of lack of size it can ruin the crop if not checked. The spray used may be either kerosene emulsion or nicotine. Once a week is not too often to spray. Tomatoes are subject to certain dis- eases such as blight, represented by the sudden wilting of the plants. Any plant affected in this manner should be dug up and burned. Bordeaux mixture will help to keep the disease in eheck. Fruit rot as it appears on the blossom end .of the tomato fruit is a bacterial . disease.; sometimes all the fruit on the plant will be affected. To prevent the above and other troubles, it is advisable to spray the plants with Bordeaux just after they are planted, and two more applications thereafter at intervals of tett days. A DOURLI.-BARRELEr, WEAPON. Cucumbers and melons are subject to the wilt disease._ Troubled quite exs. tensively at ane time with the wilt disease, we naw have practically elim- inated the disease by regular spraying. with Bordeaux, Start with a Bor- eleaux-arsenate spray as soon as the vines begin to run, repeating at regu- lar ten,day intervals, and it will take dare of both insect pests and disease. Aphis are to be feared when they find lodgment on the melon vines, for as they work on the underside of the leaves they are dificdit to get after. ISSUE No. 20—'244 serves is the supplying of. vitamins, necessary alike to old birds and young. The question of green feed in the summertime brings up another, name- ly, the cultivation of the land, to rid it of worms. • Whenever these pests pop. up it is,.a good plan to keep the birds confined to the houses, closing th , rd ing to the recommended` piett.ods and 'removing and burning the litter at. frequent intervals, at the same time plowing up the land on which the birds are to run later and liming it at the rate of two tons of lime to the acre. The longer the birds can be kept off the land the better, but in the meantime a crop of some sort can be grown on it. If green feed can be supplied all during the summer to keep the birds in shape and if plowing and liming can be done occasionally to keep the and in shape, good results ought to follow. Remember this about growing green craps. They keep the birds in good health; they help to maintain gg production; they supply vitamins o the birds; they . maintain proper sanitary conditions by keeping the oil from being contaminated. e t station is used not only to demon- strate the handling of these products s according to modern methods,but also to conduct experime;Its and investiga- tions relating to the manufacture of butter and cheese, and, with other things, to study the economics of 'A few more flowers strewn on the pathway of life And fewer on graves at the end of the strife." dairy factory operation. In Pamphlet to No. 44 of the Dominion Department When a man feels the reprehension of Agriculture reviewing the work of of a friend seconded, in his own heart, he is easily heated into resentment, - this station it is shown that during the seven years of operation the such of $93,029.60 was distributed among the patrons over and above what they would have received if paid for at the average price paid for cheese milk in Ontario. This amounts to an average yearly premium to patrons of the sta- tion of more than $13,000. Milking by Machine. A special circular on the milking machine issued by the Dominion Ex- perimental Farms, states that the ex- perience of an ever-increasing num- ber of practical farmers, coupled with that of a number of the experimental farms and stations, goes to prove that the machines are decidedly advanta- geous. Three years' experience also shows that the cows do not dry off any more quickly than when milked by hand. Some of the advantages of the Machines are: that it is a partial solution of the labor problem; that it takes the place of a hired man; that it' is always ready for work; that its work is noted for uniformity; that one man with a machine can do the work of three men at band milking; that the cost of 'milking is reduced; that much of the drudgery of the farm is eliminated, and that if the machine is kept clean the milk will be as good, or better, than.that pro- duced by hand -mincing. Old cows used to hand -milking may object to the machine, but heifers take to it readily, Stripping by hand after taking the machine ori is advised, The operator must be quick and quiet, have an eye :for details, andkriow the machine ends the cows. • A men's hobby rides hien a great deal oftener than he rides it. `Watch for Clogged Oil Holes. The connecting -rod bearing had burned out and a new one was instal- led. This burned out almost imme- diately .and though the crank shaft appeared all right a careful examina- tion was made. The shaft was one of the well drilled kind through which the oil is fed under pressure to the bearings by a pump. The hole lead- ing to the bearing causing the trouble was tested by forcing oil under pres- sure through it. It was found to be clogged with metal from the burned - out bearings. Careful cleaning of this oil hole put a stop to further trouble. Therefore, in replacing burned -out bearings it is a good plan first to test the oil holes by at least forcing air through them, as it is an easy matter for the melted metal to run in and clog them, causing further trouble. Handy Built -In hon -board BY WALTER "Every time I want to iron," said my wife one day, "I have to dig the ironing -board out of the closet, put one end on the sink and the other on a chair -back, and then, get the electric iron from a drawer that sticks when I try to open it. Next I get a chair, balance myself on it, reach up to the electric -light bulb, unscrew it, screw in the iron attachment,. step dawn and put the ,chair away. After the iron- ing is done I have to go through the same unhandy performance in reverse order. Isn't there some way to snake things more convenient?" I put down my newspaper and tried to fix my mind on the tragedy, for.o such it evidently was—to her. And tragedies in the home give a' fellow an uncomfortable feeling that pre- vents a calm enjoyment of the daily news. Besides, I like to see the little wife happy anal singing. "I'11 think it over," I remarked hopefully. Whereupon she looked so comforted that I was intrigued into adding; "And P11 fix things handier for you." But the more I thought of it the more hopeless I bolt, What did I, a mere man, know about the innermost ethics of well-behaved `ironing -boards? All' of a sudden I remembered a bun- galow owned by one of my friends who. was always bragging about his wonderful built-in. conveniences. Per- haps he might give me a hint. Sc I dropped over to his house one; night, ANDREWS. and, luckily, found him at •home. 1, Humbly I laid the problem before him. He laughed. "No problem at all, my dear fellow. Conte out in the kit- chen and I'll show you." He led the way and I followed. Hope was begin- ning 'to bud in my "bussum"—as Bank Peters used to say, when I was a boy on the farm. "See this long, narrow door in the -kitchen wall?" asked my benefactor, whose every -day name is Henry. I saw it. Also I watched him open it. Inside was a new kind of double- jointed ironing board with a very up- right and tiring disposition. He pulled it down easily, a hinged leg dropped into place, and presto! there was the board all ready to use. Then he grab- bed an iron from a handy little shelf beneath the board, inserted the plug in an' electric socket close by in the same wall—and his benefactions were complete, With his permission I drew a little sketch of the whole handy contrivance. But don't tell that to my wife, please. She thinks to this day that I am "the most wonderful man." All I did was to go home, look wise, and tell her to be patient for a few days. A car- penter and an electrician dict the rest, ] and the bill wasn't much either. ow I can read my newspaper in peace on ironing -day. 1 need only add that it would be equally convenient and de- sirable in any kitchen, even though elcctric rower were not available, The' board is a handy thing in itself. Mother's prescriptions OHNNY is taking a prescription: His careful mother —the family health doctor—ordered it. ' Her daily ounce of prevention -Lifebuoy Soap ''works •wonders in combating disease. Every day your children touch dirty •objects and cover themselves with germ -laden dirt. Give them Lifebuoy --the health soap. N •• 1 ' Lifebuoy ,protects The rich creamy lather of Lifebuoy carries a wonderful health. element deep down into every pore. The skin is completely purified, and cleansed—delightfully stimulated. LIUDY.. k.j: HEALTH SOAP More than Soap - a Health habit The odour vanishes after use, but the protection remains. LEVER BROTHERS LIMITED, TORONTO Lb -4-92 Comparative Yields from High and Low Testing Milk in Cheesemaking. Investigations carried out by the Dairy Department and the Chemistry Department of the 0. A. College with low and high testing milk used in the manufacture of cheese gave results that are interesting to cheese factory patrons. The low testing milk con- tained 12.01 per cent. solids and 3.41 per cent. fat. The high testing milk contained 12.29 per cent. solids and 3.62 per cent. fat—not very much dif- ference between the two samples. The yield of cheese per 1,000 lbs. of milk was 89.85 pounds from the low testing lots, and 95.84 from the higher testing lots, or nearly six pounds of cheese more per thousand pounds of milk for a very small increase in the percent- age of fat and total solids. This is further evidence of the injustice of paying for milk on the basis. of weight only and not considering the fat, and solids content of milk when dividing:-, money among patrons of cheese factories. Export of Live Stock and Products. Exports of cattle from Toronto in March were 3,836 compared with 5,- 382 in the corresponding month of last year. The cattle export from Canada to the United States in March this year totalled 7,596 compared with 6,356 last year, and to Great Britain 11,386 head compared with 11,373. Calf exports to the United States were 2,381 compared with. 1,810 and for the quarter this year 4,168 com- pared with 3,067 last year. Beef ex- ports to the United States in the first three months of this year were 1,650,- 100 lbs. compared with 892,500 lbs. last year, and to Great Britain 1,414,- 100 lbs. compared with 3,645,100 lbs. Bacon exports to Britain were 26,- 404,000 lbs. compared with 27,074,000 lbs., and to the United States, 118,500 lbs., compared with 48,000 lbs. Pork exports to Great Britain am- ounted to 1,277,600 lbs., compared with 1,202,000 lbs., and to. the United States 351,000 lbs„ compared with 248,900 lbs. Mutton exports to the United States were 2,400 lbs., com- pared with 700 lbs. I Begin Culling Early. Does it pay tocull chickens? It certainly pays me. I cull mine for the first time when they start feathering out. All that feather out quickly across the back, with all feathers ly-, ing down smooth in the wings, with' good shape of head and body, I. mark for breeders. The,rest r sell at nine weeks of age for broilers. This saves feed and work, gives me more room andmore profit. Then what I have saved I watch closely. Whenever 'I see any that are not developing prop- erly, I cull them out at once. In fact, I cull the year around. Thus I keep fewer chickens and yet get mare eggs at less cost of feed. Too many folks keep all the pullets, whether they lay much or not—L. H. Once more, speak clearly, if you speak at all; carve every word before you let it fall.—Holmes. CHEVROLET Brings your friends close to you rfHE isolation and loneliness of the farm have gone. Friends miles apart are now neighbors. Cities once the mecca for holidays and market days only, are now only a 'few ' minutes away. On the other hand, the country places, the beauty spots of nature and the friends in the country are now within easy reach of the city folks. And in bringing this service to Canadians, Chevrolet has gone beyond any other car built. Chevrolet offers quality, depend- bility comfort and full equipment at a price unapproached by any other quality car in the world. Moreover by its low prices and easya. ment plan, Chevrolet has -further enlarged the group of those who can afford to own this fine quality car, and bring to them the enjoy- meets of motoring to a still greater degree. Before you buy a car at any race, see Chev- rolet. Examine its fide quality thoroughly,. Ask for a dernonstration, • c-sIs Ask About The G,1l2,A,C, Deferred Payment Plan f'bi'Estonomicai Transpor aiion� Chevrolet . Ta1lcotQr Com ala p i of i.,oetoM:, Limited Oshawa, Ontario Dental?s and Sereice Statloas lfvcrywhere.