Zurich Herald, 1924-04-03, Page 3kNADA !S HEAVY MINERAL IMPORTER
Million , •Dollarg a Iia y for Mineral Goods,
In 1923. Canada .bought raw and +ed the view that it to perhaps a natural
maelifactured mineral goods from
'other eountries ,to the value of $381,-
000,0,00—or
381,-000,900 or an average of more than
a milder' dollars •wortha day. The
Dominion also aid a considerable ex -
anti inevitable condition that, for the
time being, Canada should have to
face a considerable deficit in 'her min•
eral trade each year. Since 1900, ac
cording to the Natural Resources In-
port trade in moll goods, but last year telligeuce Service of the Department
our mineral sales' abroad fell short, by of the Interior, the, Domiuton's re-
$227,000,000, of balancing our bill for sources in the forms of arable and
mineral products imported from the forest lands have undergone amazing.
United States and eusewhere. • development.' Great new areas have
'lilxr;,so were value of the significant been opend up, with whole provinces
facts laid- before the annual meeting of new rural communities, with a
of the. Canadian' Institute: of Mining; dozen or so new towns and cities, and
and Metallurgy at Toronto by Dr. with hundreds of smaller centres. The
Charlee Camsell, Deputy Minister of consumption of mineral commodities
the Department 'of Mines at Ottawa. has expanded at a remarkable rate. It
Dr. Cameeli brought into the limelight' would, have required . an extremely
several arresting features of Canada's rapid rate of growth for mineral de-
position as a trading country which ve,apment to keep pace with the ex -
have not ordinarily attracted . much pension in these other .directions, and
notlee. Analysing the Dominion's pur- taus to prevent a decided increase in
chases and sales abroad as 'revealed our national deficit on mineral trade.
by theeimport and export figures, be Looking on the matter in this light,
showed that Canada -despite the ex- the position of sum mineral trade is
tent and variety of its, mineral wealth not to be regarded as an evidence of
—is heavily a debtor nation in its, in- national negligence or failure. It is
ternational trade in the preclude of rather a temporary and inevitable
mining and mineral -manufacturing in- stage in Canadian development. But,
dustsi cs. if our mineral resources in Canada are
During recent years., particularly in anything like as great and varied as
the last quarter of a century, Canada we believe them to be, there is now
has been drawn into foreign trade on every incentive to bend every effort
a very large scale. Judged by the value toward making the mineral trade oc-
of external trade transacted per head cupy a position in Canada's interna
of population, the Dominion now tional ,commerce vastly different from
stands in the very front rank of trad- that which it now Bolds. Froin the
Ing countries Broadly viewed, the standpoint of strengthening the gen-
activity of the" Canadian people in in eral commercial position of the Do-
ternational commerce resolves itself minion it looks very much as if noth-
very largely into the process of swap- ing could be more desirable for the
' ing their raw or manufactured farm, next few years than to see mineral
forest, and fisheries products • for the
mineral products and textiles of. other
countries Generally speaking the
country's commercial position is -a
strong one, showing a fairly large sur-
plus of exports over imports, But, Dr.
Cassell pointed out, the part played
bythe mineral trade does not appear
to do anything like full justice to Can-
ada's natural capacity as a mineral -
producing country. To anyone who
las studied the mineral possibilities
of the Dominion there seems to be no
good reason why the Canadian people
should continue indefinitely to buy
several hundred million dollars worth
of mineral commodities abroad each
year and to pay for those purchases so
largely with the proceeds.' of her sales
of farm and forest products:
Dr. Oams,ei1 drew attention further
to the fact that Canada's debtor posi-
tion in mineuai trade has, been em-
phasized rather than reduced in recent
years.. One might imagine that the
growth of our mining and mineral-
manufa,cturing industries fin .the last
twenty -years. of so would have made;
the Dominion less dependent upon im-
ported. 'mineral products. The ten
dency, however, line been in the op=
pcsite direction. In 1900, for instance,'
Canada's imports of mineral products
exceeded her exports of,such goods by
Tess than $30,000,000, whereas last year
the encess, ,of imports amounted •to
over $227,000,000. In 1900 mineral pro -
duets figured very prominently among
ourpurchases from other countries•,
but our mineral sales were sufficient
to pay for $48 out of every $100 worth
of imported minerals.. Last year our
mineral sales were sufficient to cover
only $40 out of each:, $100 warth of
mineral purchases abroad.
This growing dependence of Canada
upon foreign mineral commodities ap-
plies particularly in the direction of
the United States. Dr. Camsell refer-
red to our heavy adverse balance of
trade with the United States and
,pointed out that in this situation the
mineral trade plays' a remarkable part.
In •one sense the mineral, trade is en
tirely responsible .for the huge annual
balance against the Dominion. In
fact, Canada gets decidedly better than
an even break on,, Canadian -American
trade ifeene leaves• out of account the
trade. in mineral commodities. Our
mineral purchasee transform the whole
face of our business relations with th.e
United States•.:' For example, on the
4rade in products other than mineral
goods we had a balance last year of
nearly $75,000,000 in our ,own favor.
But on mineral products, alone we had
an adverse balance• of $262;000,0001
which wiped out the favorable balance
of .other ,classes of goods and left us
with an unfavorable balance of $188,-
000,000 on the year's trade as a whole.
The very tidy avorable balance, creat-
ed mainly by the trade in forest pro-
ducts, simply melted away under the
huge deficit piled .up by our purchases'
of Amerioan mineral ,coainiodities.
Public attention, said Mr. Carnrelt,
Is constantly being drawn to the
phenomenal rise of our pulp and paper
industries and to the . astonishing.
growth of our exports of newsprint
and other raw or manufactured pro-
ducts of forest origin. As a people we
are very well acquainted with the .fact
that this rapid. expansion in our sales
of. wood and paper products to the
'United States has , been one of the
most speotaouiar features m. the entire
commercial history of the Dominion.
But ordinarily we ere trot even eon-
soious .of the equally important fact
that the whole of our trading surplus
on the exchange of Wood and paper
products with the United States' falls
far short of the sum required to Meet
oar • deficit on the exchange of niizterra
tennnociities. Out of every $100 worth
Pf. Airierfean geode bought in 1923 by
Canadians $54 worth took the form of
jtthtoial products. Furthermore, the
United States sold to the Doriniien
$100 worth of mineral products for
ever•,• $0 worth they botight ,Groan yrs.
In concluding, Dr, O'ainsell express.
development, ,along broad and varied
lines, hold the centre of the stage in
our industrial progress.
O
For the Heathen.
Wealthy Miser—"I never give to
missions."
-Collector—"Then take something
out of the bag, eir. The -money is for
heathens."
The years should bring you not
merely old age but wisdom.
--AND THE WORST 'LS YET TO COME
a..
Keith
When Black First Worn.
It was not till the 16th century that'
black was used generally as a sign of
mourning in France. The royal family
alone did not fellow this rule. The
king had the privilege on _such, an oc-
casion to wear violet, and the queen
and the prineesses• grey or white.
Add Boiling Water...
When the water in the underneath
section of the double boiler gets, low,
pour in boiling water to replenish it.-.
Cold water will make the article being
cooked take just that much longer to
get done.
Women as Linguists.
The women of Russia, Hungary and
Turkey have the reputation of being
the .beet linguisits• of any women in the
world. In the countries named it is
rare to find an educated woman who
does not know at least three or four
languages.
A Needlework Stool.
A small floor cushion covered with
needlework in a fascinating old-fas-
hioned design is low enough and small
enough to be of much service.
He who blows in the dust fills his
own' eyes,
Nova Scotia's Tourist Traffic
A.n increase of .thirty per cent, In
the number of tourists who visited the i
Province; of Nova ;Scotia in 1923 as
compared with 1922, is recorded by
the Nova Scotia Tourist Association..
Approximately 00,000 .summer visitors
entered the province during the past
year, compared with 50,000 in the pre-
ceding year. Frain May 1st to August
31st, 3,300 tourist motor cars entered
the province, as against some 2,000
during the 1922 season, ,As the fall
weather was usually mild it is expect-
ed that the figures for 1923 will be con'
siderably increased when the final re-
turns are made.
The records show that these tour-
ists cane from all parts of the United
States and Canada, the New England
I States, especially, being well .repre-
sented. The proximity of Nova "'cabs
i to Maine, `New Hampshire and New
York State has made this province a
favorite holidaying centro for people
from those states. The middle west-
ern states are also represented, while
in one or two cases visitors from the
Pacific coast are recorded as having
visited the province during the past
year. In addition to the American
tourist traffic, there was a consider-
able interprovincial movement.
An idea of the importance of the
tourist traffic to Nova Scotia may be;,•
gleaned frop the figures comp,' -ed• by
the Tourist Association. Basing their
estimate on an average expenditure of
$20 for each tourist, which is very con-
servative, the Association figures that
approximately $$,000,000 -Ares left by
the visitors amongst the various
tourist centresof the province, This
strut was of greater value in actual.
cash distributed than the combined
values of the coke, the gold, the build,.
ing materials and -the game and furs
produced annually by this province.
While the showing made in • 1923
was very gratifying, it is thought that
the historical, ;scenic and other attrac-
tions of the province have not been
sufficiently brought to the attenion of
prospective tourists, and plans are un-
der consideration for an active adver-
tising
dvertising campaign during 1924 in the
larger cities of the Eastern 'United
States and Quebec and Ontario. In
addition, it is proposed to print a num-
ber of leaflets setting forth the many
points of interest in the province.. The
goad roads of the province will also
be well advertised, and it is antici-
pated
ntic,pated that the number of tourists
visiting the province in 1924 will be
well over the 75,000 mark.
Childhood Days.
When the iceman came out of the
house he found a small boy sitting on
one of his blocks:
"Here," he roared, "what are yer a
sitting on that for?' Git off of it!"
The boy raised a tear -stained face.
"Was you ever a boy?" he inquired
faintly.
"Of course I was," said the iceman,
fuming. "But—"
"And did you never play truant?"
put in the youngster. "Of course I
did," said the iceman. "Now, then,
you—"
"An' when you got home did your
father take a stick and—"
"Sit where you are, my little man,"
said the iceman; I understand."
To Protect Pedestrians.
Autos in China must wear mud
"splashers" to protect pedestrians as
well as the car occupants.
He—"Is your answer final?"
She—"Oh, no. I'd like the chance
to give you the same answer a few
times more."
Dollar=a=Day Hospital Service for Alberta F
Ill health has always seemed suf-
ficient penalty in itself without having
to meet hospital and doctor's bill into
the'bargain, yet few of us have found
any satisfactory way in which the bilis
following in the train of sicIiness may
be avoided.
Hospitals Act of 1917 was not satis-
factory so that activity dates only
from the amended act of 1919, in which
By Rene B. Stern regular private hospital rate for ser
.,... vine.
Public Health and the proposed dis- Suppose some families do pay their
years and no
.member
year the Alberta Department of Public trict is surveyed. Possibly the area, hospital tax for
Health was also established. a hos itaT is .too small or of their families reap personal bene-
_) demanding P fit? says Arthur Whiston, Secretary of
What does the Municipal Hospitals secludes a district logically belonging the Municipal Hospitals Branch.
Act accomplish? o sane- other area, An organizer
InChiva the doctor receives an an-, P "None of us regret .enjoying good
from the department interviews the
nual fee while his patients.retain good Suppose a man had to go to hospital health, do we? Many persons pay le from the proposed district and ac -
health but should they fall' ill, not:only for a month and, after.a major opera- peopcident or health insurance for .the feel -
meets with their councils, going over of safety it produces but do not does his pay cease, but he may be tion, had had day and night nurse 'for ing
re -
obliged to reimburse the patient for the first three weeks and one nurse the previsionsof the Act, discussing
various' types of hospital that can be gret that they have not collected on
suffering and inconvenience incurred."the remaining' week of his stay:'' Intheir policies. And while such policy
A samowhat similar scheme to that of the usual one or two -bed room where built and deciding on the district final -
1 1 d d as tributary to the pro is personal, the man who pays his
the Chinese, at least in its results, is such a serious case would b e ouse ,
b h d y ,urs u •e rates o the municipal hospital, pro-
found in the anual health and accident by the time he had paid for his room posed hospital. vides n'uft for his family but also
policies forwhich an annual premium and board, operating room, fee, two I
Two -Thirds Majority.
is paid for care to be provided when nurses for three weeks and one for the A municipal hospital may be estab-
hurt or 111.
These insurance ,policies have help-
ed many a family over a hard place,
but they do not serve in all contingen-
cies. In farming districts far from a
city, facilities for caring for the sick
are often inadequate, hospitals usually
being out of reach and the average
home not being designed for adequate
care of sick folk. Also, while people
seldom begrudge the expense involved,
hospital service may add greatly to
the heavy burden of debt a long sick-
ness involves, especially if the chief
wage-earner be incapacited. Of course
there are the free wards, but people of
moderate means who are used to pay-
ing their way, do not, as a rule, care to
become charity patients.
Scattered Population.
The problem of caring for the
health of its • people was one that
years ago faced the Province of Al-
berta. Alberta is known as a country
of magnificent distances as well as of
great opportunity. Less than 140,000
of its half million inhabitants live in
its two large cities,' Calgary and Ed-
monton. The others are in towns of
under 10,000 inhabitants or on farm-
steads and in nines scattered over its
quarter million square miles. There-
fore, to "send for the doctor" means a
long journey in many instances, while
appliances -for the comfort and cure
of the sick person are not always with-
in reach, as farm dwellers in any rural
district know too well. What was
needed was hospitals; hospitals within
reach of the people both geographical-
ly and financially. Alberta proceeded
to get them. ,
She argued that as we have recog•.
izecl the valuo of co-operation ih pro -
n
viding our water supplies, our -tail
service, dire protection, the mainten-
ance of our public schools and the en-
forcement of public health regulations,.
the next logical step was public pro-
vision for the sick—the insurance of.
public health. What good was the
safeguarding of property, the enforce-
muent.of school attendance and keeping
in touch with the outside world if the
people had not the health and strength
to take advantage' of these provisions?
Publicly -owned hospitals paid for by
taxes (as was any other public utility)
that would make health-care as easy
for the farmer as for the city -dweller,
was Alberta's solution of her problem,
Municipal Hospitals Act.
Those interested in establishing this
self-inflictedbenefit planned and Work-
ed to tech good effect that today
twelve hospitals are in operationin
the Province and four more hi.moues
Of organization, The first Municipal
fourth, as well as their board and "in-
cidental items" such as dressings and
medicines, he would do well in getting
off at a hundred dollars a week, exclu-
sive of his doctor's fee. In any Alberta
district maintaining a municipal hos
lished on receipt of petitiions from the
local councils or from twenty-five rate-
payers of each area included in the
district but effort is made to have the
district large enough to keep the tax
from becoming a burden. Small build-
pital, that man, if he is a rate -payer, Ings, designed for enlargement as
need arises, are recommended so that
unecessary expense may be avoided.
Sometimes an existing hospital is
taken over and sometimes service
from some running institution is con-
tracted for at municipal hospital rates.
The scheme under which the Act But no scheme is ratified unless car -
operates is simplicity itself, as it well ried by a two-thirds majority of the
should be. It may be as well to state
at thio outset that the word "munici-
pality" means a given district town or
would have a bill of something be-
tween $33.50 and $66.00, depending on
Isis particular hospital district. This
is not a weekly rate but his •entire bill,
exclusive of the doctor's fee, for his
whole month in hospital!
total votes cast.
helps care fur the little widow next
door who may be having all sorts of are the mothers of the race—life
illness and misfortunes to contend givers. Now that woman has greater
with; also he is helping maintain a voice in matters at large, than she has
place where women from lonely farm- ever had before, the vital question of
steads will have the best of care— public health is being "mothered," as
care that is reducing our infant racer- never before. There is no greater
tality rate and the loss of young moth- work in which women's clubs can use
ere to the minimum. It pays. the corn- 'their influence.
munity to keep its people fit, that they
may not be a charge on the district.
Lowering Death Rate.
"Our death rate showed that over
110.3 individuals in every thousand
under -one year of age died in the three
years previous to the installation of
our hospitals. Four babies, two of
whom died from influenza infection,
to the hospitals for the district nurses
are the pioneers who make a com-
munity realize the value of proper
health-care, and the building of a
municipal hospital is a logical conse-
quence of this awakening. "In time of
health, prepare for sickness," a favor-
ite
avorite slogan of the hospital advocates, is
bearing fruit. The hospitals are prov-
ing a boon. to their communities, and
also, fortunately, are living up to that
other slogan of theirs: "The maximum
of service at the minimum of cast."
Perhaps the burden of sickness,
speaking from the standpoint of com-
munity or class consciousness, is most
heavily felt by women since women
Scoured Violins.
A man was out of work for some
time when his friend introduced him
to an Antique Violin dealer who offer-
ed him a job in his place. The man
did his utmost to give satisfaction.
One day his employer had to go away
for the day and left the ,shop under his
The rate varies from two and a half is our total loss in hospitals while only , care. As it was a quiet day the man
to our ,
city or farmlands and that all of these , average on a quarter section of land. dred maternity cases have been lost, : violins looked rather dirty, so he would
hospitals, so far, have been established' Besides the dollar. a day (the one hos- Leaving all humanitarian considera- give them a good turn and scrubbed
in cities or towns of under 10,000 in- I pital charging two dollars has only a tions aside it would seem as if these them with water and soap! It would
hospitals are worth while from a prac- have been interesting to see the face
r
f' cents tin acre • $4,80 is a fair three mothers out of some sixteen hun- ; started tidying up. He thought the
habitants and form the centre for two and one-half cent tax rate) a
farming districts. charge, not exceeding five dollars, is tical standpoint. of the employer on his discovering,
Educational or prapaganda work us- made for operating -room service. "Money makes no difference in these after his return home, that his assist•
reduced to a minimum, if not entirely These are charges to the rate payer haspitals where private rooms are as- ant had done.
wally begins through some farmers' or- and 1s i family, and nonrate payers signed to cases needing then and as
. i
ganization, the women's clubs or Wo- like teachers, clerks and farm hands people grow stronger they go into the infiormatiore
men's Institutes. 'When the people may enjoy like benefits by a small an- two -bed or four -bed wards. At the Small children frequently see things
breve been interested in the project, a nual payment. Non -rate payers who same time, special nurses and all , from an angle which surprises their
request is sent to the Department of do not pay this annual fee are charged types of special care are available for •elders, as the following story, told by
serious cases and again money makes a Sunday -school teacher, indicates.:
no difference for the 3iat rate of a dol- The lesson was from II. Kings, and
lar a day for rate -payers and a little had to do with the mocking of the
over double that for other folk is rain- I prophet Elisha by little children, and
tamed." l their punishment at the hands of two
Mr. Whiston is very proud of his i sire bears, who ate forty-two of the ot
nursing staff for they are all graduate !fenders.
nurses and the, past year a training "Now," asked the teacher, "which
class for probationers has been started l little girl can �tell me what this 13ible
15-
- J- at High River Hospital. It is hoped story teaches.
that after a year of probationary work After .a brief silence one tiny girl
they can be sent for a regular course spoke up: "Teacher," she replica, "it
to the University of Alberta, which teaches us how many little children
two she bears can eat,"
BLACK SHEEP
I .always hold to the belief that men are mostly good and
straight, and so it brings mebitter grief when someone proves a
crooked skate, betrays the earmarks of a thief, and earns bus
neighbors' scorn and hate. It's sad to see a neighbor lose his
grip on honesty end worth; this spectacle gives me the biter,
and stifles all my bubbling mirth; and it is sad to see the crews
of guys who'd hoot frim from, the earth, They will not wait an
hour for proof that he has sinned as people claim:. they gaze from
minaret and root, and say bis record is a shame; they kick him
with exultant hoof, rind' hang the jinx sign on his frame. They
will not listen to a word that one would •say in his defense; such
argument' is vain, absurd, and short of truth and common sense;
the sinner is a vile old bird who should be shooed and chivied
'unto, But I refuse to shake a friend because mine say he is a
crook, unless the evidence they lend is final as the Sacred Boole,
and gem in arm with him I wend 10 fish for stickers in the brook.
Let others, ply the vicious knout, and say time sinner should be
t 1• think m friend a good old scout nn U1 they prove that
shot, I l u y g
he is not; l'il'ta,ke hire panulkins of kraut, and luscious wienies,
=eking hot.
now • maintains a fine medical school
and is entering into the plan for train-
ing its provincial nurses.
Hospitals are not all of one type.
Drumheller, with its coal -mining dis-
trict, has erected a forty-two bed
building with special provision in its
finely equipped operating room for ac-
cident cases, At the other erld of the
scale, Maunvilie and Onoway have ten
beds each, their chief function being
care of maternity cases and the usual
run of a farming community's illness-
es and accidents.
Minimum of Cost,
Sometimes the lr:ospitais are taxed
to their limit, the eighteen -bed institu-
tion at Vermillion having cared for
thirty-four patients at one time. In
times of epidemic the provincial De•
pertinent of Health steps in and' as -
mimes command, so the focal hospitals
can count on aid at such times.
The nursing' service is another aid
Shovelling by Air.
Compressed air shovels have bean
found • great time savers in orarnped
places.
Then the Siren Shrieked,
Nephew -"And I've gotten the best
looking siren for my ear I could find,"
Old Aunt --"My dear boy, I'd always
hoped y,ott would never .get :mixed up
With wonxen of that kind,"