Zurich Herald, 1932-10-20, Page 3A
(rice f the $r}`ress
Canada, The Empire and The World at Large
CANADA
The Deadly Pea -Shooter
One juvenile nuisance follows an-
other iii, St, Thomas: Now it's pea-
shooters—tie. peashooters costing one
cent each. Motorists have complained
about boys shooting peas and shot at
them ass they passed and Friday even-
ing telephone calls were received at
the police station from. nervous 'wo-
men reporting that mischievousyoung-
eters Were shooting peas against the
windows Of residences, A woman also
reported to the police that she stepped
on peas on the sidewalk, lost her bal-
ance and fell, injuring one of her
limbs. Boys with pee -shooters who
were nearby when the woman fell are
believed- to have been responsible.
Definite instructions have been
given the members of the police tone
to take possession of all shooters that
they see in the hands of youngsters.
Merchants should be prohibited from
selling such things to children. — St.
Thomas Times -Journal.
Rural School Fairs
The rural school fairs, becoming
eaoh year more popular, are undoubt-
edly doing a great Ileal to inspire
country boys and girls to know more
about farming and its possibilities,
and the growth of this movement is a
healthy sign, These school -fairs are
contributing an important service, and
they deserve the support of the tom
munities in which they are held. Tliei
success is a
good omen for the pro
gress of agriculture.—Peterboro EY
miner.
•
normal eflicienoy is a problem which
our health services have not yet
solved. It must become of greater imm
portan.co year by year:, --London Daily
Telegraph,
The Results at Ottawa
The material results are not very
great, 13ut the agreements are import-
ant in that, when ratified by the vari-
ous Parliaments, they will -formally
regularize Commonwealth trade ar-
rangements over a wide field and form
a solid foundation on which more am-
bitious structures can be erected,—
Natal Witness, Pietermaritzburg.
Empire Cooperation
One of the great troubles of the ,pre-
sent day is that industrialists and mer-
chants have lost their ability to make
plans confidently for the future. The
great value of the Ottawa resolutions
lies in the fact that they reveal to the
world that British policy has the
backing of the whole British Empire -
An appreciation of this solid and sig-
nificant fact may, and we believe will,
exercise a determining influence upon
the deliberations of the coming Inter-
national Conference—Cape Argus,
The British Navy and the empire
New Zealand has been wont to claim,
with pride that Britain has been given
preference of many years without any-
thing being asked in return The atti-
- tulle is legitimate up to a point, es -
r • pecially as evidence that sentiment in
- favour of Empire trade has long flour-
- fished. It is not quite correct to say
nothing has be -en given in return,.
whether asked or not. As Mr. Downie
Stewart pointed out long ago, Britain's
entirely disproportionate burden of
Empire defence has properly been
claimed as a set-off to preferences.—
Auckland Weekly News.
The Rise in Prices
Newspaper readers leave heard a, lot
about the renewed feeling of confi-
deuce preveding business in Canada
and the United States. The upward
trend of basic commodity prices, ex-
cepting Wheat, which is all-important
to the West, in the last two or three
months accompanying the remarkable
activity in stock. and bond prices has
given ground for that confidence. The
advance in prices has not, however,
narrowed the gap between farm pro-
ducts and manufactured goods, and
until that has been done progress is
not likely to be very satisfactory.—
Saskatoon Star -Phoenix,
Turning Point Reached
The general feeing that the turning
point in economic conditions has been
reached is supported by "The Econ. -
male Annalist," published by the De-
partment of Agriculture, Ottawa. It
shows that there was an increase in
tix :;;yBux'eau;^of Statisticsaeindeereme
wholesale 'prices for August which
marks the first upturn since Novem-
ber, 1931. The amount of the in-
crease, which was from 66.6 in July to
66.8 in August, is not in itself signifi-
cant, but the fact that a slight in-
crease was registered may be of im-
portance. The price level of a num-
ber of basic commodities including
sugar, rubber, cotton, silk, copper, tin,
silver and coal registered gains on
Canadian and world .markets,
"The Economic Annalist" adds that
perhaps the most satisfactory indica-
tion of what may be ahead Is that for
about a year prices and the trend of
'business, though slightly downward,
have passed the period of mild gyra-
tions that characterize the earlier
stages of a depression. Tudications of
stability have not been lacking in re-
cent months. Such stability has, pre-
ceded an upturn in business during
previous periods of this nature.—Tor-
elite Mail and Empire.
Decrease in Juvenile Crime
An official report from Ottawa shows
that there has been a decrease in juve-
nile crime amounting to 10 per cent.
in the major offences anti 25 per cent,
in the minor ones, This is satisfac-
tory and naturally enough, people aro
asking the reasons for it. Some of
theist think that greater facilities for
games and recreation have a good
deal to do with it, wliicli can be used,
as an argument why home Iessons
should ` be abandoned, so that more
tine can be devoted to them, Another
reason' given is that the depression
has been making people stay more at
home and thus the children have conte
under greater parental care.--Iings-
ton Whig -Standard.
THE EMPIRE
Jailed F'or Debt
There were 60,000 people sent to
jail in 1930, according to the report of
the latest prison inquiry. Thirteen
thousand of these were imprisoned for
debt. Twelve thousand were impris-
oned tor not paying the fines inflicted
on them. Seven thousand were kept
in custody on remand. A great num-
ber of these were Imprisoned in this
way because they could11ot i ud bail.
r1ius, about half of the prison popula-
i ion were put bellied the walls be-
ause their principal crime was
Po'1 erty. London Daily Express. •
Survival of the Fittest
We should not ignore Sir George
Newman's warning that the great de-
Grease in infant mortality means the
Survival of "many weakly and perhaps
even defective" children, who swell
Elie iauitebere of the nett. Whether
bene ti' klier zneinbors of the conk
'tix'ittty tan be raised to a standardof de
Vegetables For Canada
Signs are not wanting to show that
a good number of persons intend to
grow vegetables In Jamaica. Their
objective is the Canadian market. The
line of vegetable culture that interests
them most is tomato. Canada im-
pors about two' million dollars' worth
of tomatoes between October of one
year and May of the next. The bulk
of the tomatoes that are offered for
sale in Canada during the six months
referred to are' from the Southern
States of America and the Republic of
Mexico. The possibilities of the Cana-
dian market should appeal to parties
in Jamaica, as they have appealed to
growers in some of the sister colonies.
It is of importance to.remember that
he-. om ai °.0 •,
!Wien "tomatoes duty free,
while the foreign product is subject to
a duty of 30 per cent. ad valorem.—
Jamaica Gleaner.
OTHER OPINIONS
St. Lawrence Waterway
The next step in the development of
the inland American empire is the St.
Lawrence Waterway, already five -
sixths completed. There are 22 States
linked together over a period of years
to effect this Waterway opportunity,
and every one of them knows on the
evidence of long, painstaking examina-
tion that the benefits from its comple-
tion will be immediate, and its future
fruits, to those who prepare for them,
incalculable. This Waterway is com-
ing, and it is coming soon, in face of
the 55,000,000 people directly affected
by it, it will take -a, very intrepid and
reckless political party to try to ob-
struct it.—Detroit News.
Child Labour
Mr. Hoover has made an eloquent
and sensible appeal to the whole Na-
tion to Areas for the abolition of this
monstrosity. It is to be hoped that
his words may receive the attention
they merit. He urges a declaration of
war on child labour for two reasons,
either of which, alone, should suffice
to unite public opinion actively
against that bleanish upon our national
life. It is, the President points out,
an evil which connotes injustice to
children, Impairs their health, and re-
striets their preparation fat manhood
and womanhood. It is, further, a
gross injustice to the adult worker,
who needs all available opportunity
for exnployinont that he may support
his fancily. This problem is no unite»
portant matter. It affects the actual
lives of upwards of 2;000,000 American
eleildren to -Clay. ---Boston Globe.
Island to he Auctioned
Belgrade.—I-Ivan, one of the love-
liest islands off the Dalmatian coast
and a popular bathing resort, near
Spalato, is for sale, complete with
hotels, beach and sunshine, to the high-
est bidder.
It is .the property of a Croatian.
named Jeliceo, who, after snaking a
fortune in the United States, loaned
large sums at low rates of interest,
to the municipality of Itvar, to enable
them to transform it into a modern
resort,
Rear hit by the slump, Jeliceo had
to realize his assets, and his loans
to liver passed into the bands of a
committee of creditors. These have
now ilecided,o sell the island at auc-
tion, liver possesses xuany histori-
cal :mnouuxnonte Of the Venetian epoch.
Exactness In little duties is a even-
tful source of cheetfnlueesee-W-Faber.
I3orore you tuck baseball out of mind for the year, take one look
at this picture from the third game of the world's series, which shows
Bill Jurgen, Cub shortstop, safe • on a slide to second. •
Grain Spoilage Is
Less In Canal
Montreal,---Gra;;r wastage is de
dining in transit from. Western Ca
uda to this port. For the few year
'preceding 1929 the average amount
spoiled grain was :.0 bushels to ever
100,000 transported. Since 1929
f rther cut has been mace in th
amount of waste. Today the nverag
is four bushels per 100,000. Th
change has been brought about by im
proved operating efficiency.
So far this scaoon a total of 67
443,643 bushels of grain have been
ccnveyed to Montreal compared with
36,618,830 at this time last year. An
improvement in the figures for orders
has broug/at
n
b o ht about 'I
� rise to
139 49•.
g1
bushels in the 24 hours contrasted
~With 354,`287 on the sante day last
season.
Deliveries from Montreal grain ele
vators to ocean-going vessels in this
port reached a total of 1,192,813 bush-
els in the 24 hours of Sept. 3. It has
been many weeks since the 1,000,00!?
mark was reached in a single day.
Botanist Finds Corn Grows
Rapidly in Evening Glow
Ames, Iowa—Direct sunlight on
the leaves and low temperatures
have been found by Professor M. E.
Loomis, of Iowa State College, to
deter the corn -plant growth, The
botanist discovered the growth of
corn stops when the temperature is
about 50 degrees Fahrenheit, or lower.
"As the temperature rises from 50
degrees," he says, "the corn plant
grows with increasing rapidity up to
a certain point, provided the sun is
not shining directly an the. leaves,"
Professor Loomis found corn plants
grow most rapidly in the' evenine
when the sun is low or has
oVa "" i c" on ci"ou y; 'Wenn a ays;
Seek to Control Goitre
Prague,—As goitre is prevalent in
Czechoslovakia, the Health Council of
Bohemia has instructed directors of'
Another American Firm
a Opens Plant in England
London.—Another American firm is
Can
establishing a factory in Great Bri-
s titin, to serve its British market and
of to afford closer access to European
y demand. It is Liptak Furnace Arches,
a Ltd., which °has set up a factory at
e 13roadheath, near Altrincham, for the
e manufacture of high temperature ce-
e anent.
The factory has been equipped to
produce fire -brick and furnace -arch
,- cement and operations are now in full
swing. It will supply the whole of
the company's European market,
which formerly was accommodated
from the company's factory in the
United States.
Raw materials aro i l
p
m otic
,. from
America.
Rural Schools of Michigan
Least Affected by Depression
Lansing, Mich.—Rural schools in
Michigan are weathering the depres-
sion adversity better than are large
city schools, according to Webster
H. Pearce, State Superintendent of
Public Instruction. Most of the cost
of administration in the rural schools
is in teachers' salaries, Mr. Pearce
says, and a reduction in salaries has
brought about economies,
Friend So you: honestly think
ave ;,:,.•tre'"*"' antr *t'°"bti`ttenYn e
earth?"
• Fond Fathei—"Maybe he isn't
yet, but he will be if he keeps on
making me answer all the ques-
tions he can think up."
schools to report to the district putt'- Believe, if thou wilt, that moue
sician the names of all children who tains change their places, but believe
shout sympotnis in order that they not that man changes his nature.—
may receive early treatmeut. Mohammed.
The Gish
Sisters
Wh^.t conte of us were mere kids, Dorothy and Lillian Gish
landed out plenty cf thrills in "Birth of a Nation," and other heat.
linen. This snap of thein was made just recently outside their
Parts hotel.
167,000 Visit Shakespeare Theatre
During Spring and Summer Season,
Stratford-UJpon-Avon --- The solid
success achieved by the new Shake-
speare Memorial Theatre in the first
Year of Its existence Is strikingly de-
monstratee by some preliminary lig-
tires of the attendances during the
birthday and Summer festivals,
The birthday festival, which began
April 23 with the opening ceremony
by the Prince of Wales, brought 40,-
000 spectators In five weeks. The
company then played two weeks in
Birmingham and a week in Chelten-
ham to packed houses In both towns,
The Sunnier festival opened June
27 and by the time it closed on Sept.
10 some 84,000 persons had attended
the plays. In addition, 43,000 people
have in the last four months paid a
shilling to look over the theatre with-
out seeing ,a performance, Apart
from audiences on. tour, therefore;
167,000 have already entered tixe nets'
theatre, a most encouraginb lie gin.
ning, which fully proves the value of
the Stratford festivals,
Familiarity ,vitt). the theatre is
leading to a growing appreciation of
the purpose of building, All who see
the interior agree that only such a
building could contain the amazing
mechanical contrivances for the pre-
sentation of Shakespeare's plays in
every form, from the Elizabethan
apron stage to the full and complete
stage of the most modern producers.
The Great Western Railway will
continue its Sunday service to Strat-
ford this Winter for the first time,
another tribute to the growing popu-
larity of Stratford and Shakespeare,
Copenhagen Notes Study of Huila pity
Is Factory Need
Many Danish authors aro dissatis-
, Analyses of Psychological
Causes Reduces Acci-
dents
c&dents Doctor Declares
Would Tax Loaned Books
fled with the sale of their books
for, with the lending libraries and
book clubs in city and country, there
is a very small sale each year. Since
last year, when Peter Freuchen for.
bad the loaning of his last book on
Greenland from libraries or clubs,
the agitation for state help on the
question has gradually arisen, and
there is a request before the Minis-
ter of Education for a tax to be
placed on the latest books loaned,
for a certain length of time, so that
those desiring to read the book dur_
ing that time must pay extra for the
privilege. It is well known by lib-
rarians that the demand for a novel
is usually from three to six months.
Art and Advertising
In the arcade of the new Vester-
port Building is an art exhibition,
free to all who walk there. It Is
an excellent method of combining
advertisement with education, "ome
very good works of art are to be
seen. Among the ceramics are the
"Hans and Grethe" children's ser-
vice for the breakfast table; small
stone figures, modeled by a Czecho-
slovalian; weaving from both the
province and city schools and pri-
vate workers, in beautiful designs.
The furniture workers also have
their share in "the permanent," as
it is called, and ideas for rooms are
shown in full detail for the new
house or apartment, so that a home
can be furnished completely in
theory before the stores need be
entered. The work of changing and
arranging the exhibits is in the bands
of competent artists, who see that
the . general effect of each depart-
ment is interesting.
Carlsberg Fund Votes Grants
The Carlsberg Fund, founded and
endowed by the late Mr, I. C. Jacob-
sen, with capital rivaling that of the
Swedish Nobel Institute, has voted
grants aggregating 861,976 kronor—
$220,000—in aid of natural scientific
study, publications and research in
1932.
Among many substantial grants
is one of $10,000 to the Society for
Danish Language and Literature, for
the publication of Haus Andersen's
correspondence with his friends
Edvard and Heiiriette Collins, A
similar grant was made toward a
new volume—the thirteenth—of the
society's great Danish dictionary and
a slightly smaller grant toward be-
ginning the publication of a Diplom-
atarium Danicum.
Dr. Lange Koch, the famous Green-
land explorer, receives $8000 to as-
sist in the publication of the results
of his more recent explorations, and
Prof, P. 0. Pedersen gets $10,000 for
the erection of two stations in Green-
land for experiments in connection
with the electric conditions of the at-
mosphere.
In spite of apparent tightness in
the financial world, the Municipal
Board of Copenhagen is building 700
new dwellings for the citizens. The
Common Dwelling Company has on
hand 659 fiats. The Workingman's
Building Association and the Co-
operative 'entitling' Company together
have 370 flats under erection, al-
though the loans from the mortgage
companies are given only at a high
percentage.—The Christian Science
Monitor,
Rccnr'd3 125 i(cbi'a Old Taken
To New French Repository
At the Hotel de Bohan, where the
national archives are kept, writes the
Paris correspondent of "The Christian
Science Monitor,' the records of
twenty-eight Parisian notaries have
been lodged in a new repository. This
is the result of the law passed by
Parliament in 1928, which "authorized
and implored" notaries to Store those
of their rifted which were More than
125 years old in departmental or na-
tional a ,chives.
Until now a historian wishing to
find out some details in the history of
Paris, or In that of any other French
town, has often been obliged to hunt
through the records and files of the
notaries of that town, a procedure
which was inconvenient and entailed
considerable loss of time. The re-
cords of the twenty-eight notaries
which have been stored at the Hotel
de Rohan fill no fewer than 28,000
voluminous files.
Geneva,—Spurred by American in..
vestigations of the "human factor"
in occupational accidents, the Indus.
trial Hygiene Service of the Inter-
national Labor Office has been mak-
ing a survey of the subject on a
worldwide basis, with the result that
Dr. Luigi Carozzi, chief of the service,
is convinced the time has • come for
theo
dcorstobe1
ca led into consul-
tation by the engineers who up to
now have been trying to solve face
tory safety problems along their own
lines.
Dr. Carozzi, former professor of
pathology at the University of Milan,
feels that a large number of indus-
trial accidents are not due to mach-
inery or objective causes, but to the
workers' susceptibility and constitu-
tional make-up.
Drafting Standard Code
Despite recent recognition by many
experts of an accident percentage as
high as 80 per cent due to the "hu-
man factor," he declares, preven-
tive work so far has involved only
education and propaganda, with con-
sequent neglect of physiological and
psychological causes.
Simultaneously with its study of
accidents, Dr. Carozzi'.s bureau has
been drafting a standard code of in-
dustrial hygiene, incorporating the
the best practice of countries most
concerned with the health of their
workers and designed to serve as a
guide to those lagging behind in this
respect.
Pending farther analysis of tha
data obtained on occupational acct
dents of the most varied origin, Dr..
Carozzi is not ready to outline de-
finite conclusions. However, he be-
lieves enough evidence of biological
factors is alrady avaiiable to result
in measures that might eliminate a
large percentage of accidents for
which no methods of prevention have
been found hitherto. Only accurate
knowledge and interpretation of the
known facts are essential, in his
opinion,
'While not denying that some acci-
dents may correctly be labelled as
due to the fault of victim or employ-
er, or oven as due to a single cause,
Dr. Carrozzi holds, nevertheless, that
too much credit is given to the con-
scious or voluntary element when
many accidents are dismissed situ.
ply as caused by negligence or the
fault of victim, fellow workers, fore-
men, supervisors or employers.
Seeks Production Improvement
He declares that the results of
studies made by many .A,inerican au..
thorities support his views, and that
it is mainly to eo-ordinate the varl-
ous indications and observations
which have appeared from time to
time in the United States and else-
where that the survey has been un-
dertaken by the Indui,riai Hygiene
Service.
Machinery, apparatus and tools are
but one group of many factors which
Dr. Carozzi and his staff have con-
sidered. Attention has been given
to means of protection, as well as to
the possible effect of wages and
labor turnover. Working conditions
have been analyzed with regard to
lighting, temperature, Itumidity and
ventilation, The time of occurrence
of accidents has been studied to note
the effect of climates and Seasons,
days of the week, hours of the day
and day and night shifts.
Regarding the industrial hygiene
code, its aim is declared to be not
only the safeguarding of the workers°
health, but the improvement of pro.
duction as well.
Tariff Aids Razor Trade
According to Sheffield Firm
Sheffield—Au order for 10,000,000
safety razor blades, whch is believed
to constitute a record in the industry
in Great Britain, has been received
by a Sheffield ilrm, The blades are
being made for a London farm which
previously bought them from Contin-
ental producers. The head of the firm
said that by bringing dowat his costs
to the Continental level Md with the
help of tariffs he was leave able to
compete in the world's rickets, The
firm now has two tactoriri here work-
ing at full strength.