Zurich Herald, 1932-09-29, Page 7Latest Findings
Of Science
Earth's Diameter Expanding
According to One
Theory
It cannot be said that Sir Arthur
Eddington added anything to our
knowledge of the expanding universe
in the address which he gave before
the International Astronomical Union
in Cambridge, Mass. At last year's
meeting of the British Association for
the Advancement of Science, he re-
marked that "the theory of the ex -
pr. universe is in some respects
so preposterous .. that I feel almost
an indignation that any one should
believe in it—except myself." But he
believes in it so strongly that he has
taken the trouble to figure the rate
of expansion. Because of his work we
now say glibly enough, as. if it were
an indisputable fact, that the universe
has doubled its diameter in the last
1.,300,000,000 years.
In these days space is as important
as matter --perhaps more important.
The universe is curved, because mat-
ter wraps space around it. To deter-
mine the diameter of the universe at
any time we must therefore know the
amount of matter that it contains,
Here the mathematician may do little
but guess: Dr. H. P. Robertson. of
Princeton, on the basis of some facts
gathered by Dr. Hubble of Mount
'Wilson, has reached the conclusion
that the universe has . expanded to.
thirteen time its original size.
The highly problematical character
of all these estimates is shown by
the difference in the results if the
existence of dark matter is consider-
ed. Thus Dr. Robertson has shown
that, if enough !natter of that kind
be presupposed, the universe may
have expanded to less than twice its
original size.
Eddington has made the interesting
suggestion that the universe may be
shrinking instead of expanding. The
outer nebulae would then appear to
rush away just as they do now. An
observer outside of the universe
would see everything contracting--
atoms,
ontracting—
atorns, animals, planets, stellar sys-
tems. The earth would spiral nearer
the sun with dizzily increasing speed:
"We walk the stage of life, per-
formers of a drama for the benefit
of the cosmic spectator," he said at
Cambridge as,he did when he deliver-
ed his presidential address before the
Royal Astronomical Society. "As the
scenes proceed he notices that the
actors are growing smaller and the
action growing quicker. When the
Past act opens, the curtain rises on
midget actors rushing through their
parts at frantic speed. Smaller and
smaller. Faster and faster. One last
microscopic blur of intense agitation.
And then nothing."
BACTERIA THAT ATTACK
STONE.
For seven years Professor S. C.
Paine of London, England, has been
studying the decay of stone. "Com-
mon air and water organisms are
nearly always present in decayed
stone in surprisingly large numbers,"
BACKACHE NOT DUE
TO AGE
_ Many people think that backache is
a trouble that comes naturally with
advancing years, but this woman of 71
proves that it is not.
"I suffered for a long time from
'backache," she writes, "but put it
down to my ago (71). Reading your
,announcement, I thought I would try
IKruschen Salts. I have been taking it
for some time and have found great
(relief. 1 thought you would like to
know it has' done me a world of good"
—(Mfrs.) E. R.
Pains In the back are the penalty
Paid for inactive kidneys. Eruscheia
;Sa1ts can be safely trusted to set the
natter right. Because Krnsehen coif-
*AJns ?ult :Is t Nature needs to�
euade your kidneys back into a health
,?ivol."mal cendltion. Aftar that, yb{ti'
lbsogdl throws off all impurities; there's
iso more ttoubie; no More Paine; bagk-
D �'WOW peertiry, a bad anetablet,
he told the British Association fox the
Advancement of Science. Apparently
many of these stone -attacking bac-
teria are developed in rain water.
Professor Paine finds that nitrifying
bacteria, which destroy buried rocks,
are likewise present on decayed stone.
Even cement may be disintegrated by
them. What usually passes for sul-
phate incrustation on building stones
may be due, in Professor Paine's opin-
ion, not to sulphur dioxide in the
atmosphere but to a recently discover-
ed bacterium which is capable of liv-
ing on sulphur compounds.
DIAMOND DIES FOR FILA-
MENTS.
ILAMENTS.
In a sense the inhabitants of the
little town of Trevoux in France are
responsible for the glare of Broad-
way and the hundreds of Main Streets
that imitate it. For nearly all Tre-
voux is engaged in the inherited task
of drilling diamond dies through
which tungsten is drawn to produce
the filaments of millions of electric
lamps.
A little six -watt incandescent lamp
has a filament four ten -thousandths
of an inch in diameter, which is ten
tines finer than the average hair of
a man's head. Even after it is coiled
1,390 turns to the linear inch to form
a spring-like filament through which
electricity flows to produce light, the
filament has an outside diameter less
than that of a human hair.
Enough filament wire for 666,696
lamps is drawn from a bar of tung-
sten three -eights of an inch square
by twenty-four inches long, weighing.
11-3 ounds. The bar passes through
ninety-five dies of progressively
smaller aperture. Nearly two-thirds
of these dies are rough -cut diamonds
in which the workers of Trevoux have
i Billed minute holes. A six -watt fila-
ment wire in its final drilling passes
through a drilled diamond no bigger
than a mere speck. Often as many as
thirty attempts .at drilling must be
made before a good die results. A
conical hole is drilled exactly through
each side. The aperture formed by
the meeting apices of the two cones
constitutes the die.
HOW THE MOON WAS BORN.
Hundreds of millions of years ago
the earth was undoubtedly a perfect
sphere of gas. The late Sir George
Darwin, son of the great Charles, pro-
jected himself back mathematically
to that remote time, and so did (deer i
P.oincare. In their equations the two
beheld the gaseous earth spinning so --
fast that it assumed first the shape Loaves and Fishes
of a spheroid and then of an egg. As He mastered his work until it seemed
the egg-shapped gnaws cooled and be to him
carne liquid it spun still ore dizzily, A game to be played with pleasure
Darwilt saw a temporary collapse, and vim;
causing the egg to become a pear. lie mastered his thoughts till bis
The stalk of the pear developed aevery word
bulb, and the waist of the stelabe Rang clear and uplifting to all who
crme thinnerand thinner. The length heart!,
of day was now only three 'hours. lie governed ` his likes and desires
Tides raised by the sun aided cen- until
trifugal force in distorting the earth. IS.e overcame bondage to personal
The liquid pear, coated by this time will;
with a .crust thirty-five miles thick. He sought to live life with a higher
could not withstand the combination.; aim
Five thousand cubic miles of matter •That man's approval and world fame•
constitt: ting the bulb was wrenched , Hegave little heed to the loaves and
loose, in that stupendous convulsion i ashes,
the Moon was born. Some astron- Yet he always received far more than
orders profess to see in the basin now his wishes.
filled by the Pacific Ocean the sear
of that planetary catastrophe.
Dr. Arthur Neubcrg of Meissen
steps forward to destroy this theory.
A simple calculation shows that the
basin of the Pacific Ocean is only
one -thirtieth as large as the Moon.
Throwing in the material required to
fill the Atlantic and Indian Oceans,
Dr. Neuberg is still unable to collect
enough to make up a Moon. He be-
lieves that the Moon was indeed split
off from the earth but not that it
carne out of the Pacific basin.
Owl Laffs
Healing Through Repose
Repose after struggle, absolute rest
following effort, is an indispensable
preliminary to healing through psycho-
therapy.
The condition is technically known
as "anapausis," says Dr. E. Berillon
in the medical review Guerir (Paris).
Anapausis is really one of the hyp-
notic states, self-induced or otherwise.
The mind then tends in the most na-
tural way to sink into a profound "I've always admired your judgment."
slumber. Writes Dr. Berillon: You can be afine, upstanding, respect -
"The state of hypnotic anapausis able citizen, but to a banana skin
ought to work out in a full, complete you're just a flop.
suspension of all thought.
"Attainment of this state does not
signify merely absolute inertia of the
mentality, a total obliviousness to all
excitations or stimuli from without;
it is attended likewise by' immobility
of the bodily organism, calm, peace,
tranquillity of countenance.
"Ask the subject: 'What areyou
thinking of?' He answers: 'Nothing.'
This means, the certainty of full hyp-
notic anapausis.
"It is realized when the countenance
of the patient expresses complete in-
difference to whatever might other-
wise excite of enervate him. He is in
the antechamber of slumber.
"Under the influence of the slight-
est fatigue due to the effort to heed
or to attend, of the least monotony or
of the least encouragement in such a
direction, he will pass into a state; of
agreeable Passivity. •
"The ease with which hypnotic ana-
pausis can be attained by children ex-
plains the remarkable effects of the
application of psychotherapy in the
school period of juvenile life.
"Habits of lying, of theft, of idle-
ness, of nail-biting, of cowardice and
the like have been quite obliterated.
"In view of the perfect safety of the
t it tobe1 1 d that
There was a time when a man had
to read several fashion magazines to
find out all that women were wearing,
instead of just sitting in the same
room with them.
Then there's the story about 'the
actor who toured the country in "Ham-
let."
Friend—"What kind of a run did
you have in Savannah?"
Actor—"Well, we beat the audience
over the county line by three min-
utes."
It was a pretty wise man who said:
"The man who isn't a fool half of the
time is usually a fool all of the time."
This 'N That
The person who really likes to get
things done seldom attends a commit- I
tee meeting. We may all eat hominy
before we die, but we'll never see wo-
men wearing cotton stockings again.
To get on a man's friendly side say,
Lady (admiring a little boy who had
been. "left in her care)—"Where did
you get those great big brown eyes?"
Little Toddler—"Oh, they came with
my face."
Gladful Gladys says: "If kissing
really does shorten life, a date with a
few boys I know would prove absolute-
ly fatal."
Missionary—"My friend, are you tra-
veling the straight and narrow path?"
In silence the man handed over bis
card,e,nhich read: "Signor Ballancio,
Tightrope Walker."
Mr. Jones was in a nearby city res-
taurant the other clay. He was study-
ing the menu as the waitress ap-
proached to take his order..
-He--"Have. you frogs' legs?"
Waitress—" lNo, sir. It's my rheu-
matism that makes me walk this way."
•
A saxophone is manufactured every
forty seconds in America. That is
good news, because we thought there
were more than that around.
Fishing may be a pastime at which
there is a fish at one end of the line
Nothing like Red Rose
when you cr ve
a real s e� tea
What New York
Is Wearing
BY ANNEBELLE WORTHINGTON
Illustrated Dressmaking Lesson Fur-
nished With Every Pattern
A simple and neat affair is this
darling sheer black woolen, now so
modish.
It is given new distinction by its
pin tucked neckline and sleeve cut.
The skirt is just slightly flared. It
is very slenderizing, cut with gores at
treatment is cep ore r the front.
more children of tine neuropathic, im- and a fool at the other, but our ob- And to make it! You'll simply be
pulsive, and 'cliffi:eult' types are not servation has been that the fish does amazed at the extremely easy manner
given the benefit of it." not always perform his part of the in which it is put together.
, combination. Style No. 2551 may be had in sizes
. 16, 18 years, 36, 38, 40 and 42 inches
"Mummy, that dentist wasn't pain-
less like he advertised," "Why, did he
hurt you?" "No; but lie yelled just
like any other dentist when I bit his
finger."
+ Do You Know? +
That this beautiful mountain has been set aside by the Canadian
Government ae s perpetual monument to Edith Caval!, British nurs-
ing mister who wit executed by the Germane during the World War.
Each year, on the nearest Sunday to the fourbb. of August, memorial
sgry ,sate he d„ fit t ebale: of . . e mountain. It has ain. elevation 01
11,083 feet and 1e ei datein Jeer National Park, Alberta, It is
*now covered the ytsar round and bears one of the most otriking
gla tiers In the Roo14ildyq't i
wf: tn , Cenadian National hallway!?;,
Agitated Caller—"I should like to bust
see the judge. It's a matter of vital
importance."
Secretary—"Sorry, sir, he's at din-
ner right now."
Agitated Caller—"But, look here, I
must see him at once. My life de-
pends on it:"
Secretary—"Perhaps, sir, but after
all His Honor is at steak,"
"I wouldn't exchange my iittle
wife for any ten women I know."
"I know — one's enough these
hard times."
3 --
Hold 50,000 -Year -Old Tusks
Tusks of mammoths which Iived
nearly 50,000 years ago are in stor-
age at the Londonclocks awaiting an
owner,
In warm moments make your reso-
lutions, and in cold moments make
that resolution good.—Tyndall.
For Baby's Bath
More than that of any 'other
member of the family, baby's
tender, delicate skin needs the
greatest care and attention. The
soft soothing oils in Baby's Own
Soap make it specially suitable
for babies, and its clinging fra-
grance reminds one of thp.
roses of France which help
to %splre it,
"It's " est r. VA (OW Adit
v,
Size 36 requires 3% yards 39 -inch.
Vivid green wool jersey, and tweed -
like woolen in brown mixture are
smart.
To wear 'neath your fur wrap. for
matinee, it's stunning in Persian
green crepe silk.
HOW TO ORDER PATTERNS -
Write your name and address plain-
ly, giving number and size of such
patterns as you want. Enclose 20e in
stamps or coin (coin preferred; wrap
it carefully) for each number, and
address your order to Wilson Pattern
Service, 73 West Adelaide St., Toronto.
Schools As Consumers
Under the beading "Schools Can
Bring Better Times" Dr. John K. Nor-
ton, writing in "School Management"
(New York), compiled some Interest-
ing figures. We rarely give thought
to the equipment used In the "little
red schoolhouse" but the following
table of supplies used by a Los An-
geles school is quite au eye-opener:
60,000 gallons floor polsb,
5,000 baseball bats,
10,000 playground balls,
24,000 packages washing -powder.
22,000 cans of cleanser,
400,000 cakes laundry soap,
300,000 composition books,
360,000 boxes crayons,
40,000 pints library paste,
51,000 rulers,
40,000 blackboard erasers,
20,000 gallons liquid soap,
20 oar -loads pupils' desks,
15 car -loads paper towels,
6 car -loads teachers' chairs,
10 carloads steel. lockers,
Austria to Open Glider School
Vienna, ---A training school for
glider pilots, the first of its kind In
Austria, is to be established by the
Austrian .Mr League on the "Schnee -
berg," near here, at an altitude of
6,000 .feet,
Genuine work alone, what thou
workest faithfully, that is eternal, as
this; Almighty Founder and World-
buIlder bimself,---Carlyle,
Classified Advertising
N OFFER TO EVERY 1NVENTOlts
List of wanted inventions and rule ,
infurmation sent free. The Atamsay Coen..
any. World Patent Attorneys. 273 Bank
Street, Ottawa, Canada.
MOTOR BORT FOR 3aJ..B �y
l U H A li f) SUN D U,i31.ib CAS1!'d
cruiser. about thirty feet, in us
altogether on1• four or five months 1
two Seasons; complete equipment !meld .I
Mg carpets, bed and table linen, chin
glassware and silver as well as all mark.
e,ulprnent and many extras. '1'hl
cruises with its two cabins and its ,veld
equipped galley is an unusually comfort -i
able boat for week -ends or longer
cruises for four to six people. It is ex..
ceptionally seaworthy and has crutsed
all over the Great Lakes. It has a sig'
class and very economical 50 horsepowers
six -cylinder power plant with complete
electric lighting throughout and „peed)
of 12 to 14 miles per hour. It is a see..
tial paint lob and very attractive in ap�
Patience. Owner will sacrifice for nal
its original cost. i3. Watkins. 73 17P,:
Adelaide St.. Toronto.
Meet the Day•
We must rise and meet the day
As the day meets all mankind
Morning puts the night away,
Leaves the darkness all behind.
Yet in human hearts we find
Shadows lurking gaunt and grey,
Shutting out the morning's ray
Fro mthe chambers of the mind.
We must rise, the clay to meet,
As the things of earth arise:
Birds that face the eastward skies,
By the dew of night made sweet. -
From the hills the shades retreat,
With the dawn the darkness dies,
Only golden sunshine lies
On the valley, on the street.
Let us put the past away,
Face the future, fair and bright,
What men do or what men say,
This alone can make them right:
Looking eastward to the light,
Trying some untravelled way.
We must leave behind the night,
We must rise and meet the day.
—Douglas Malloch
----- mss—
Noise -Abatement Society
Is Formed in Budapest
Budapest. — Prominent citizens of
the Hungarian capital have organized
themselves into an anti -noise league
They complain that the sounds fro%
loudspeakers, traffic on the streets
and particularly sounding of automo-
bile horns on all occasons, are mak-
ing. things unpleasant for the ordinary,
inhabitant.
A committee of experts has been ap-
pointed to suggest how an anti -noise
campaign can best be inaugurated and
put through, and an appeal is made to
all inhabitants to co-operate in reduc-
ing
educing noise to a minimum.
I refuse the rule of woman, but 1[
accept her influence.—Jules Simon.
Acidity Overcome
Wonderful Results From
Famous Vegetable Fills
Instead of having an acid stomach and
being constipated, Mr. Frank C. is
well. "I can eat anything since trying
Carter's Little Liver Pills," he says.
Because tbey are PURELY VEGE-
TABLE, a gentle, effective tonic to both
liver and bowels, Dr. Carter's Little
Liver Pills are without equal for cor-
recting Constipation, Biliousness
Headaches, Poor Complexion and in-
digestion. 25c. & 75c. red pkgs., every.,
where. Mk for Carter's by N ? IE..
to
Poor igitiard's into n wean
dish. Rub liniment gently in;
then apply it according to
directions - and soon
yolarii get t'elief s
ISSUE No, 39—'32