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Zurich Herald, 1930-04-03, Page 3Submarines and Security Not Merely a Scrap of Paper Tighter Watch On All Liquor Being Planned By f. I,, Garvin 'Guarantees against misuse must be ing to America, Britain and Japan asked at this Conference, and we can` Would :have been over 2200,000,000, not doubt that so far as signed paper otherwise bound to be spent by there can provide them they will be given. on„ replacement” between 1934 and :At present even' on Paper no guaaan- 1937 tees exist except what are implled— Now•. comes the greater lead, If the and we do not underestimate it—by whole Conference and Britain wirecierocatee n in absolute renunciation of war un- other ways, Dries der Article II. of the Kellogg fact, begin this year to scrap a larie pro - There are, however, such things on portion of their existing battleship record as the "Root Resolutions;" fleets. The process will go on, as fast which have never been ratified by as the Admiralty can manage it. This France, Why? These Resolutions country at present has two more bat - were intended to form a part of the tleships than the United States, and, rest. They were introduced by that must do most for parity, By next great veteran of law and wisdom, Sen- autumn at furthest Britain would ator Elihu Root. Amongst other scrap five of her sea -castles, America things these articles prohibited at- three, and Japan one—that alone tacks on any merchant ships what- eight, m e wen ineaht llshout ofofthe) ever by submarines. There is no more indispensable pro- whole bulk of metal now embodied in vision in connection with the Kellogg the monsters. Nor need it end there. Pact and the accepted "outlawry of For the purpose of bringing the Con- war"—by the whole world. At Wash- ference to a memorable triumph in ington, in February, 1922, just eight every chief respect, the three battle - years ago, the Root Resolutions were I ship Powers might well agree to scn'ap signed by all the delegates, including within the next half -decade twice as the representative; of France. But much as they already contemplate. from that time to this they never have Details about the future of cruisers, been ratified by Trance herself. They both large and small, are about the are consequently null and void. The future of destroyers, involve many extraordinary position at this moment cross -arguments which are exceeding - is that there is no legal protection for ly important. We cannot go into the shipping and trade of any country those details now. As regards Britain against indiscriminate OS. lntc destruction insufferable ble basisy and Aof parity ismerica iensured onent on the thorough- suhinarhnes. Intc this 1 situation the interests of all maritime ly reasonable and considerable lines peoples in the world )rave been with regard to cruisers, as in every brought by the logic of one people in- other respect. Mr. Stimson's state- sisting on complete Armed Security ment means President Hoover's fair for herself without any normal regard deal, and there could not be a fairer for the logic and security of others. deal. We still quite decline to be - ht follows that two things are re- lieve hat Japan by of the ten -thou sand ton cruiser tmore,ing pwi l en - on one quired. First, the agreement French delegation to Resolutions those ick ofngle follow ing Bismarck's whole i advice and n ticlesu of the Root e"outlaw" 3n our later language " the as- reinforcing the imponderabilia of Se- sassination of merchant ships; ancl, curity by a further gain of both Am- secondly, m- sec duction ,the actual aenchcisubmarine uate re- 81ican and British The American and British proposals program, , the totalpsIlei program, with specific limitations as for th�renvtlt sweeping are a t emend• andtion of battle - sizes. ship strength practical twonumbers ons example of moral and p \�'e repeat our hope that of thosey courage in the cause of Naval disarm - two points, the first will be amicably ament. Will France make an 'equal secured. France can have no interest response by reducing her submarine -in! resisting wor l'.te or the Co opinion programme and agreeing to prohibit of wi on thd. For if question that absolutely the use of that arm for the failed on the submarine queorion destruction of merchant shipping. r In would have to be organized, will she insist upon a logic of Armed totheand ore becomingm Ili due course, every signatory Security, which is vitedKellogg Pact would have to be lit- more incompatible with. the security titles to thee71 the Resolutions, ar- of many other nations, and conflicts possi of Root this part of t. Byi no with the world's urgent opinion and tion be alcali part of the quest its rising causes?—Montreal Standard. tion be allowed to remain where it ,now stands. But that is not enough. Submarines, of all naval weapons, cannot be ex- empt from reduction ani round with complete elimination of the competi- tive element. Without tough difficulty sufficient success in this direction will not be secured. Prance will not only reject on military grounds the British and American arguments for abolish- ing the submarine. Cue, the famous "global" principle, France claims the elastic right to allocate a large mar- gin of tonnage either to one type or another as she may deem 'well. Her naval policy still is to create a clomim ant submarine force. We understand the argument. But there one login meets a larger logic firmly represent- ing, as we said, the general interest of all maritime peoples. In international affairs, as in natural affairs, the logic of a large majority cannot be expected always to give way to a minority, no matter how convinced, cogent and tenacious. • Elasticities of trausfer within the "global" system of total tonnage so as to enable the most .sinister type of naval weapon to be increased though other types might be diminished—this is a most dangerous principle. It strikes at the very roof of a main ob- • jest of the Conference—eradicating naval competition. For example, so far as France at the end remains free to develop her submarine war, so far Britain will be compelled to multiply and improve destroyers.. No . pti Up to ri ,.would be left to this country o now, our neighbors, in reply to every suggestion for reducing noof sub - marbles, and standardizing the types marines, could point to the American, British and Japanese monopoly of giant battleships. At .last, that pat- ticular ground of objection has been swept away. Here we come back to the new and d drastic policy ot scrapping the s a - castles most distinctlydeclared t though the American Secretary oe Mr, Ramsay MacDonald and' the Bri- tish government are well known: to bte in absolute harlttouyc The idea, though good in itself, was far less sweeping and trenchant than what is now offered. Under the terms of the Waslii agto Treaty le- fortresses, .forty-eight of then now possessed by America` Britain and •japatl, were to be abolished by 1912; 'but outer Goliaths, equally large and more destructive, as embodying the ceaseless progress of n asaen l science, were to replace thet . Th Conference otened with a general willingness on the part o trecietromeri can delegation, quickly lagan by Creat Britain, to p'lolta the life of, the naval 1kflalcaln and to sus- pend tall replace-aeat until 1936, w en `at another conference, the Whole 'ton of the fti.ttme of battleships would be freely re-oonside) d in relatioritne. to political' 'circumstances at the and to the advances of naval tech- nique in the interval, This by itself was a great lbil„ The danliclal saw- Disquietening News from Border Officials Received that Speedy Boats Aimed to Intercept Smugglers, Leaving Canadian Side of Boundary END OF SMUGGLING With reports from Ottawa indicat- ing that the probosed bill prohibiting ciearencos of liquor ship ne'its from Canada to the United• States will be carried successfully, there is further news of en extremely disquietening nature to those associated with the "liquor rings" across the internation- al boundary, It was based on a report from Cleve- land, Ohio, that a giant cordon ot "mother ships" with schools of small speed boats plying between, will, be stretched lengthwise through the cen- tre of Lake Erie this spring in a new attempt to block the flood of Canadian liquor pouring into the United States. Just what this • cans to this inter- ested in the liquor business here is indicated in the fact that, even if the Government's proposal to ban clear- ances of whiskey to the United States proves a failure, and liquor is stili per- mitted to be cleared under export for the United States, rum -runners are still confronted with the possibility of having their wares stopped half way across the international boundary 11110. Whether or_not the Government bill will be passed, of course, remains to be seen, but the fact remains that whatever happens, United States au- thorities are tightening up their bor- der patrol and are aiming themselves more strenuously than ever against the inroads of the smugglers. • One thing is certain, however, those hi touch with the situation claim, and that is the fact that if the bill is pass- ed, liquor prices across the border will go skyrocketing overnight. Although liquor made in Canada is still plentiful across the border rum- runners will have very reason to boost their prices if the bill is carried, "risks," etc„ they will claim, warrant- ing any increase. And with the Uni- ted States' customers demanding their liquor, it is quite certain that what - this side 0 e o n asked ever prices are the boundary they will willingly • be paid. The news that the United States was preparing to tighten its patrol, was still more disquietening when it became known that the plan accord- ing to Arthur P. Fenton, V.S. Com- missioner of Customs at Cleveland, calls for the removal of the rum - chasing activities of the coastguards and allied patrols from the harbors and rivers of the American shoreline to the international boundary out on the lake. To do this, all the nine coastguards districts, it is reported, will be unified into one front against the smugglers. Reports from Cleveland state that the "mother ships" are to be the 75 - foot cruisers. These will be station- ed at approximately 10 miles anchor- age along the watery border line. Be- tween these ships, the small speed boats will keep a constant patrol on the look -out for raft laden with Can- adian liquor, each ship being in con- stant communication with the others and the shore. Word of all boats leaving Canada laden with liquor will be wired head- quarters at Cleveland and the informa- tion will be relayed to the cordon. There are now 34 small picket boats in service, Fenton states, and to these will be added 15 new 32 -foot cruisers capable of attaining a speed of 50 miles an hour. As yet the Canadian shore is ice- bound; but as soon as the ice breaks up the war Will be on. Washington—Passage of the pre - 'posed Canadian law which would ban clearance of liquor cargoes to any country which forbids such importa- tion, would end all important liquor smuggling on the Great Lakes, but would increase activities of this kind all along the Atlantic seaboard, ac- cording to ASS/Stant Secretary of the 'Treasury Seymour Lowman, in charge • of customs and coastguard services. He also believes that it would do away, with the need for any great in- crease In the number of men for the :Consolidated border patrol, whioh has been pronosed to Congress by Presi- dent Hoover, Nerve Saves Plane Captain Kingsford Smith Performs Unique Experi- ment With 'Plane Sydney, Australia.—Capt. Charles Kingsford D. Smith, the Australian ace who flew from the prated States to Australia. in 1928, has just performed one of the most thrilling exploits of his career. • He is now the director of an air- line. Recently when one of the com- pany's triple -engined machines made a forced landing in a forest clearing near Bonalbo, Northern New South Wales, it seemed that the plane could be removed only by being dismantled. Smith went to the sdene, repaired. tete damaged under -Carriage, tied the plane's tail to a tree and set his" en- -gives going full speed. When the ma- chine lifted from the ground a farmer cut the rope and the plane flashed away like a rocket. Eveu then the straining plane, duck- ing like a broncho could barely rise above the towering forest trees. A topmost bough tore the fabric from underneath the fuselage and 'the ma- chhie trembled like a wounded bird, 'bet it kept up and Smith got it safely to the airdrbme. , The Late Earl Balfour For whom an Empire mourned and the civilized world paid eulogies. "Passage of the Canadian Anti - Liquor Clearance Act, which I under- stand is expected•to be accomplished by Easter, will greatly lighten the work of the customs and coastguard services on the Great Lakes," he said. "This has already been shown by the fact that on the Dominion shores op- posite Detroit and Buffalo, the ware- houses are being cleaned out of what liquor they have on hand and are not restocking. This indicates that the Canadian liquor dealers who have been shipping to the United States are assured that the anti -clearance law will be passed, "At the present time we have ;:boot 200 men in the Detroit area and about 150 in and around Buffalo. I doubt if these forces will be materially re- duced for some little time, but these men will have as opportunity to pay more attention to other work, and this will enable them to handle a large part of the tasks for which President Hoover asked an increase in the per- sonnel of the consolidated border patrol he suggested to Congress. "Another; effect which the passage of this act VIII probably have will be increased efforts to smuggle Can- adian liquor to this country via the French ports of St. Pierre and Mique- lon, at the mouth of the St. Lawrence. At the present time these two places are the bases from which the greater amount of liquor illicitly entering this country comes. The Great Lakes sit- uation being well 'in hand, and with the coastguard relieved of its concen- trated patrol of the inland waters, it will be able to handle this situation far better, without any great increase in' personnel. Petty Stuff Only "The passage of this act will mean that smuggling on the Great Lakes and its tributary water ewill be con- fined to petty stuff. In the past the rum -runners could take their boats up to export docks and load them with scores or hundreds of cases of whisky. Now they will be compelled to rely upon the liquor stores run by the various Canadian provinces, and can only make their purchases by the ease at the most and then at far high- er prices than they have paid in the past. "Perhaps more important than any- thing else will be the fact that a con- tinual source of friction between the two countries will be removed and this country will do its part to repay the Dominion for its action by halting, where possible, all smuggling from this country to Canada." Business Good Compared With 1929 Department of Finance Re- port Shows We Have No Reason tor Fear Future. Ottawa;----Aithaugh buainees in Cana' ads, in so fit^, as its course was re-', fleeted in the indices of the chartered banks, showed a recession during the first month of the carrent year, the situation as at the end of January compared favor ably with the Cor- responding date last year. The monthly bank statement issued by the Department of Finance the other day showed that current loans in Canada, an accepted index of busi- ness activity, totalled at the end of January 31,386,806,716, an increase of 3160,000,000 over January 31, 1929, although• a decline of 319,000,000 from December 31, 1929. Current loans outside of Canada were $25'7,516,432, a decline of $2,000,000 from. January 31, 1929, but an hacrease of $7,000,000 over December, 1929. Call loans in Canada at the end of January were 3237,421,000, a decline of 331,000,000 from January, 31, 1929; tall loans outside of Canada were 3211,750,000, a decline of $115,000,000 from January 31, 1929, indicating a lessened demand far brokers' '.cans in New York. - Notice deposits, wh'ch were $1,439,- 814,000 at the end of January were higher by 35,500,000 than at the end of December, but dowr by $84,000,000 from January 31, 1929, indicating a certain drain on savings accounts. Bank note circulation at the end. of January was $156,062,C00, a decline of $19,500,000 front December 31, 1929, but only of $2,000,000 from January, 31, 1929. The bank note circulation at the end of January is always about 320,000,000 less than at the end of December, so the decline indicated above is slightly ass than the seasonal change. Bank note circulation in Can- ada attained its highest end -of -Janu- ary figure in 1920, being then $217,- 000,000, but that was at the peak of high prices. Since pre-war the note circulation has increased from $97r 000,000, Jan. 31, 1914, to $156,000,000 an increase of 61 per cent. While these banking figures, on the face of them, seen) to indicate that business in Canada in January of this year was as good if not better than in January of last year, that view needs to be discounted by the fact that the banks have substantial loans more or less tied up with the wheat pool, and probably with private grain traders. These loans are doubtless good busi- ness for the banks, with the three, prairie governments standing behind the wheat pool; but they have been and stie are to some extent inactive, loans; they have eta contributed much' business to the transportaticn coin-- panies, although probably most of the dollar -per -bushel loan made to the pool and by it advanced to the wheat' growers has been expended by them, to the benefit of business. SEES NO HARD TIMES IN WEST Theory Discounted By Hon. V. Massey Tide of Auto Travel Not Due to Prohibition • Washington.—Hon. Vincent Massey, Canadian Minister to the United States, discounted the theory that pro- hibition is responsible for the tide of automobile travel into Canada from the United States. In an address before the annial con- ference of the United States Automo- bile Association and Motor Club ex- exutiVes the Canadian Minister assert- ed that considerably more cars per capita come from Canada into the United States than move north into the Dominion. During 1929, he said, more than 600,000 motor cars crossed the line moving south, while 4,500,000 cars drove into Canada. "To conte up to our standard as ' visiting neighbors in proportion to oI must population," he continued, politely point out that you will have to send us 7,500,000 cars. I have suggested the motor car as a very potent factor in international relations. The automobile is now en- gaged the world over In crossing boun- daries, reminding its passengers of different characteristics which mark people on both sides, and giving them sympathetic appreciation of why such differences exist." Defence of the Dominions • Singapore' Free Press: At 'present, and • presumably for a good'. nasty years to come, there will be noone of the Dominions which could regard it- self as being in a pesit1an to ..resist the aggression of any of . the major .world powers, nor, it may be added, owing to 'physical and geographical conditions,' could a .combination of Dominions which excluded the Mother Coiultry carry out such an effective re- sistance. For the present, therefore, the. Dominions have:to recognize that reliance 'Must be j lticed' upon Great Britain tto, carry 1 the nlain burden of Commonwealth defenc'e•: • Dr. Cook Appointed • Manager, of Camp British Youths Come to Canada Chicago. — Dr. Frederick. A. 'Cools, who won transitory fame its the Arctic and paid tor a misstep by spending five years in ,Leavenworth peniten- tiary, started his "come back" recent- ly with the cheers of 900 boys ringing in his ears.. He has accepted a post as perman- ent physical director 'of the Boys' Brotherhood Republic rind will direct the erganization'$ 'sumuior camp at Burlington, Wis. ,- The 655 -year-old man straightened hid sttou'iders and smiled when the 900 boys shouted their confidence in hies. as 110 1N-1114innatea life member of thein or ganlsation, Only l.wb • liersons have beau so honored in the past, lolls. Matai harbor: In distance may be seen the pcpatlalC bat Wog { shall Field and i'rosideut RooetVelt. The world's deepest oil well, drill- ed in 1929, is in California and is 9,350 feet deep. He: "Am I the first you have ever kissed?" She: "0E course! Why do all men ask the same question?" In a certain club they own an ab- normally slow card player. His part- ner once observed, "Excuse me but is this Auction Bridge or Suspension Bridge?" Winnipeg. --A hearty vote of opti- mism was sounded by C. 11. S. Bam- ford when he addressed the annual meeting of the Manitoba Retail Mer- chants' Association here. Mr. Barn-, ford is general sales manager for one of the biggest retail concerns in the city, and he baser', his statements. largely upon the figures supplied by. W. Sanford Evans, M.L.A., who is recognized as one of the ablest sta tisticians in the Dominion. Every sign points to a decided im-. provement in business condition in the West, Mr. Bamford told the gathering, and there was no •reason for pessimism provided ordinary caution and com- mon sense are employed. Sales are mounting in Winnipeg every day, and we are'on the threshold of a better and brighter day in Western Canada, he said. "I don't believe for an instant that we are in for hard times in 4 h West," Mr. Bamford emphatically declared, "Everywhere signs point to a decided improvement in business." One of the reasons tho speaker advanced for his optimistic views is that the agricul- tural production of the three prairie provinces --field crops, livestock, dairy produce and poultry--anoui.ts annual- ly to a figure approaching the enor- mous total of 31,000,000, while the railroads are this year embarking on Montreal.--Suvenile immigration to Canada was inaugurated for 1930 dur- ing the week -end when the first par- ties of British youths for Canadian farms landed at Halifax, having been brought forward under the auspices of the Canadian National Railways. Two parties, totalling 46 boys, reached Halifax during the week -end, and will be placed on farms in Ontario by the British Immigration and Colonization Association. These boys have been specially se- lected from various parts of the Bri- tish Isles, by the Juvenile branch of the colonization offices of the Cana- dian National Railways in London and represent a splendid type of British youth eager to better themselves by gradually winning ownership of land in Canada. Juvenile immigration is one of the most promising features of coloniza- tion at • the present time. Last year some 1200 youths were brought to Canada ander the auspices of the Canadian National Railways, the t of whom are making good on majority w t farms throughout Ontario province, a western expansion prograuz costing There was never yet a truly great man that was not at the same time truly virtuous.—Benjamin Franklin, An Unusual Picture from the City of the Dodges $60 000;000 and the industrial output of Manitoba alone is worth $162,000,- 000. He did not mention the :alining developments which are estilnat:d to be circulating, 31,000;000 a month in' 1\�Ianitoba alone, but he pointed out that so Torg as there ar' people pro- ducing all that wealth in the west; there is a sound 'market for a vast amount of goods, as people must live and hue something left over alter buying necessities with which to pur- chase luxuries "Hard tines" is largely a mental at- titude, forget them, and go on as you would haveLou never heard of such a' bogey, was Mr. Bamfor.i'3 counsel. Two commercialtravellers met hi the dining car and opened conversa- tion. "0f course, you're from Lance- shire?" said one. The Manchester man replied that he was, and asked why the question had been asked i saa "Oh, I was just accounting for Yott fra accent," said the other, Suddetli1 »r •r,¢, y�2:` c :os:: '" �ss'� 'raZw the rilanCb0St0r Malt said: 1111?r where do you come from? �ftiCe italte ,'� at a•-•-:,•.:---•----- -.. •� ter," replied the trttvollerrq}Iitbi4htlt� HANGED PHOTOGRAPHY THE WORLD OVER Iles In Venice csattellitc„:.71l, itosv I can ants+' gtili s tltrt '° s7HE AIa Gieor HAS Ores t1e0t1RFlS' "Lr„�''•� Pell Tower on )slant' of San (Tsr.,orgio 1laggsore, Italy, is known to thousand of tourists, an i "t resort.