Loading...
Zurich Herald, 1930-02-20, Page 3THE GREAT CONFERENCE By J. L, Garvin The delegates of, the Five Powers are in London; conversation has a1 - ready begun. Franco -Italian relations are the hardest crux. To the fortunes Of the whole Conference itself, though not necessary to events afterwards, France beyond doubt holde the key; and it is well indeed that she is re- presented by the most brilliant o,f her younger statesmen .-- Monsieur Tar- dieu, whose personal knowledge of the English-speaking world is remarkable,. The three main issue:; technically are those of battleships, large cruisers and submarines. Floating Fortresses Must Go Itis absolutely certain that unless there is drastic dealing with the float- ing fortresses there will be no finan- cial economy worth speaking about, and no real change of heart as re- gards naval armanfents. They have involved Britain and America especial- ly in vast waste of money and they will be the mock of satire in another generation. They are the world's worst symbols of war -mentality. They are not suitable engines for any future war. They are another unimaginative example (history has furnished many) of exagger'atedpreparation Por—the dependence so long as the Coyeuant and the l[elogg Pact give her no Con- crete oncrete guarantee of support. You may profoundly disagree with the thesis, but to be impatient with it is foolish It may he an almost insuperable lire pediment to the general progress of disarmament; it may be, as we think, both a psychological mistake and a technioai fallacy as regards ultimate security itself. But It Is an absolute French conviction not only fixed in the mind, but burnt into the flesh by the terrible memory of two trampling, ravaging, wrecking iavasione. The new French national system of arma- monts and• fortification provides re- latively to the rest of Europe, Britain included, a dominant diplomacy linked up with Poland and the ittle Entente; a dominant army; a dominant air- force; and a specialized navy which when plans are completed is to in- clude marked strength in cruisers and destroyers as well as the most formid- able submarine-ferce exiating. No Abolition of Submarines How can the Five -Power Conference mitigate the situation on the naval side? It is uselessly suggested that France, in 1 «i• present state of mind, shall abolish submarines altogether. past war. The monstrous battleship She will do nothing of the -rind. No as a monstrous fallacy. Hostile air- French Government could do it. The craft, if there is another .grapple to Repubilo.eon'lnands the most coherent the death between nations,, will attack and unified of colonial empires. Our first the. supplies and the life of an neighbors regard as indispensable to an importing people, not the fleets. Air- their complete project of security craft will bomb, burn, and stifle the assured connection with the man - ports and shipping and the dense key- power and material res..vrces of their towns in spite of the "Nelson," "Rod- great consolidated North African do- ney," "Hood," and so forth. Rather minion. The Marseilles-Alglers pass - than depend on those—if we are in- age forwards and backgrounds is held [feed to think in realistic war -terms— to be a chief line of life, requiring to it would be better to halve the fleet be protect d by a definite submarine ,and treble the air -force. and cruiser supremacy in the Mediter- Germany's Famous Pocket Battleship ranean. Stop Preparin,l for Past War Germany is settingcan example Then, is nothing to be done? Are ;which may a spthe prey o. brains.Ta. we to throw up our hands? Not at 'ortonally, size isthe prey havef e all. Though submarines cannot be into'More brains and science gone abolished altogether a most valuable ties the than weres German "pocket bat -intermediate gain is possible. As we into on e packed before said,let the statesmen of America, into one bell. ch,rhContrived thought, original Britain, and Japan stop "preparing the of "Ersatz Preussen," tn" t ht, and skill, for the past war" at enormous waste the ous displacement, though only f of money and gross misuse of ma - match forors any splacem p willo wbe a terial. Let them agree accordingly to match anwarship up will twice abolish the gigantic battleship, even comparable sera now afloat. She rbin- if the present monsters must be per- contparable as a blockade -breaker ing mitted to die out within a specified and fighting ship sh As a hunting period instead of being summarily and fighting ship she reduces to insig-dscrapped. Let them reduce by at ni.fice a the cruisersto of equal havealeast one half the maximum now al- caue d the pro 10,000 tons, • which n lowed for replacement ships. Noth- cauerd prodigious fuss between ing smaller than proposals like this ;Amckica and Britain. The German would he worthy of the decisive spirit "igned tto nearly is wonderfullyars ipsde- of Charles Hughes at Washington in bated to sink alld the warships 1921. Let this be done, and France, that could catchdher, and to escape the though still unable to abandon her un - few that could sink her. derwater boat, could not refuse to No understood Over 17,000 the Tons diminish the gravity of the submarine It is mpro that will Confer- question by consenting to some de- wneeith some proposals s be made— finite limitation of sizes and numbers. de - with everyge lent -t r easy but made- She is now completing at Cherbourg life o agreement foe lengthening the the sinister `Surcouf," a giant sub- ing of existing battleships maximumand size c- marine of over 3,000 tons. That way theirhg more a sors the mrs,forsize of the old madness lies—threat and successors. put Rma, what counter -action, poison 'and antidote. it is worth, ppre that maximum too Limitation offers the likeliest means ' high. The present "�'4ashington" of accommodation with Italy*. standard should be cut down by fifty But are we equally boand to say per cent. Allowing anything bigger that the German pocket battle-ctuiser, merely giveslas more scopeto cothing but however natural and masterly as a place aso well as to cost. Nothing but triumph over Versailles restrictions, limitation h sizesnwill compel the is crammed -vith challenge to competi- sailors of other nations to equal Ger- tion. More of these aro to , man efficiency as stimulated by the built (thoughof these four vessels as yet awayifro restrictions; i; and toh break bmenl.ioued) by the great maritime na- War." from .hall be on for the Past tion which won again the blue ribbon any• We shall be diietd is of the Atlantic for passenger steam - ea ofgrace battleship allo downdto after this erg Anyone who reads: "Nauticus" year n at t is most. to exceed 17, -and. the "Marine Rundschau," the 000 toes se the most. • ablest naval annual and monthly in . . Cruisers and Common Sense Canada's New High Commissioner? MAY SUCCEED LATE HON. PETER LARKIN Hon. Vincent Massey, Canadian minister to Washington, who is likely to be the next Canadian high commissioner in London, in succession to the late Hon. Peter C. Larkin, it is believed at Ottawa. George Washington Stephens, former head of the Saar governing commission in 1923-26, may be accredited to the White House to replace Mr. Massey. Sealers' Drama British Youths For Dominion London,--^ 'under au agreement between the British and Alberta Governments, 100 youth from 17 to 20 years of age are being selected by Herbert Greenfield, agent -gen;, sial for ,Alberta, for agricultural training and settlement in Alberta by early sumer. The Rret group will sail on March 18 Next Fifty Years Belong to Canada Sir Esme Howard is Full of Admiration for Dominion CanadamColoxnbia Trade Expanding Jorge Gonzales, Consul -Gen- eral, Predicts Future Steady Growth The rise in trade between Canada and Colombia in the past seven years has been remarkable, said Jorge Gon- zales, consul -general of the Republic of Colombia to Carada recently. Since he began his dutie in 1923 the ex- ports from the republic to the Domi- nion had increased 20 times and the exports from the Dominion to the Re- public had increased 12 times, he ad- ded in illustration. Senor Gonzales said that the possi- bilities ossibilities of a still greater volume of trade between the tw^ countries would be much enhanced by a direct line of ships between them. Canada was lit- tle known in South America and al- most unknown in Colombia. This was largely due to the fact that there was no direct communication by sea. At present goods from Canada reach- ed Colombia only through the United States, and when the goods reached the south they were known, not as Canadian produce, but as American. 0 . Only when the produce reachea Col- ombia as Canadian would the trade reach its full possibilities. Demand is Great For there was great demand for the Situation Serious in Rank of things that Canada produced.. Though NATIONAL SPIRIT British Ambassador Hopes to Return for Longer Visit Washington,—"I think the next fifty years belong to Canada," said Sir Esme Howard,, The British Ambassador, soon to re- tire, returned from his farewell visit to the Dominion obviously refreshed: and invigorated and full of admira- tion. "It was delightful to visit Canada .again and renew old acquaintance- ship," he said. Discussing the economic future of Canada, Sir Esme remarked that, un- like less fortunate countries, the Do- minion's eggs were not all in one bas- ket. He foresaw the industrialization of the cotintry with the development of hydro electric power sources "in which it is wealthier than any other land," together with the advance in industry and the use to which vast and varied resources might be put, and proportionate and necessary in- crease in agricultural production. Expressing a particular interest in the opening of Hudson Bay, Sir Esme said he wished he had been able to visit that part of the country as well az the Cobalt district. CANADA'S NATIONHOOD With obvious pride the Ambassador then spoke of the Dominion's nation- hood and said he had noted with a thrill of interest the national spirit of the Canadians which, inherently Brit- ish, ever grew and strengthened. He observed also the breadth of the Can- adian outlook reflected in the press where prominence was given to world and imperial affairs. This was Sir Es:ne's first visit to Canada in the winter time. "The air is so clear," he said. "The bracing air in Ottawa I should think is not unlike that in the Swiss Alps." The Ambassador hoped that some time he would be able to return to Canada for a longer visit. When it was suggested he should take six months or so for a leisurely trip from Halifax to Vancouver, he said "that would be a 7e:'y great pleasure in- deed." "I ani growing old, growing old," he said. His eyes were merry. He rose Religious Battle Will Be Filmed Upsets England Ori ice Floes Colombia is rich and can produce Anglican Church flora and fauna of every known de- Varick Frissell, Amateur Dir- ector, ir ect Heads Company the world, sees at once that German Cruisers are a simplier matter in sea -spirit is intense though iepressed. spite of all the preposterous bother The Five -Power Conference would be that has been made about then since foolish if it turn 1. the blind eye to the British -American muddle at Gen- that fact. At least let them get a eva. For the necessary adjustment to 'any agreed parity with the United : States, British requirements . in this branch have been cut down to a mini- ' ini' It is settled that we shall not go to War with the United States in any cir- cumstances. It does not matter a brass farthing to this country wheth- er America in the name of parity gets • -▪ .'three, or four 10,000 -ton eight -high gun 'crui;;ers over and above what Our Ath nii>`als think justified by a pedantic idea of parity. Let them r•enlernber that what their professional counter- parts across the Atlantic have 'want- ed wanted in their hearts, is two to one.. The .statesmen on both sides, not the sail ors,..leave saved us from that. the Position of Japan • But it is said that Japan will jeopar- dize the contingent Hoover -MacDon- ald understanding by insisting on a slightly higher ratio for 10,000 ton crus vers, giving her an additional two or three of these vessels. We do not • li'elieve for a single instant that the Conference wil be imperilled on this of all issues. Our reasons are both po- litical and technical. The Japanese are a wise people. They know that we here admire and like them; that the whole English-spoaking world de- sire:, amity and co-operation with theist on the fairest terns of live and let live; and that further goodwill, • though an imponderable element of sec:lrity, is a real equivalent to a cer- twin amount of tonnage. Again, they are \cell aware that the "Ersatz Preus- sen" will make obsolete the designs of all he eight -inch cruisers which were so lately the nowest boast. Burnt facto the Flesh 'Oral:es for the present is wedded to th '11(1',t•y of armed security by land, Circles scription because of the vast variety Or, London—"The biggest crisis since of her climate, yet she needed and imported great quantities of manufac- tured in Newfound- the Reformation." This is the des- articles, of maohanery itself, land A sound -screen romance with its theme centering about the adventures of Labrador seal fisheries and the perilous lives of the old-time fisher- men out of Newfoundland ports is the project undertaken recently by Var- icic Frissell, amateur cinema director, whose expedition, aboard Captain Bob seription being applied :o the re- and particularly of flour. Iations between the Church and State, "But," said Senor Gonzales, "]f which are again agitating the entire Canada is unknown in Colombia, the country, following recent action by reverse is also true, It is not under - the Church Assembly in adopting the stood that the inhabitants of our under- the of York's recommendation public are 60 per cent. white and that that a commission be appointed to they carry in their blood all the cour- probe Britain's religious ills. age and energy of their Spanish fore - A statement issued recently by the fathers, the Conquistadores. We have Archbishop of Canterbury describing many of their fine qualities and we the situation as precarious is regard- have cast off many of their bad ones. eel as moderate in the circumstances, We are not a conglomeration of peo- ples. We have an organized state. We have a life and mind of our own." The geographical situation of Col- ombia olombia was such. that it had no sea- sons and all climates, said Senor Gon- zales. From the torrid, humid at- mosphere of the coastal regions, where tropical products grew, to the high, clry cold atmosphere of the Cor- dilleras, where the products peculiar to temperate countries grew, the Col- ombians could draw all sorts and kinds of produce. While coffee was the largest export of the country at present, there was a great field for other exports, particularly of fruit. Government Stable The government of the country, too, lie added, was stable. This was wit- nessed by the fact that the Colombian peso was practically at par on the Canadian exchange and fluctuated very little, if at all. There was every - Bartlett's schooner Morrisey, will sail because it is realized that if the ex- from sfrom St. Johns, Newfoundland, early tra-legal actions of the Bishops should in February for the sealing grounds. be brought into open conflict with In collaboration with technical ex- public law, the question of disestab- perts familiar with the requirements1 moment will be raised in an acute of sound film production, Mr. Frissell will utilize as, the stage for his drama the ice floes and north Atlantic wastes which constitute the seal hunt- ing grounds of the fleet of sail and steam vessels which annually puts out from St. Johns in quest of the pelts of these denizens of the near - Arctic regions. During one of his trips to the north - forte. The Archbishop of Canterbury says that nobody wants disestablishment, but the Archbishop of York says that "perpetual anomalies are arising in the divergence between the marriage law of the Church and that of the state. Not Too Great "The price of clisestablishnrent," land Mr. Frissell became acquainted continues the latter, "would not be with Captain Bob Bartlett, veteral too great to pay for spiritual rode• seal hunter, fisherman, sailor and peuclenee-" "The water adventurer, whose tales '.And the Bishop of Durham: „ the of his trips abroad the Morrisey shave only solution of spiritual indcpend- been material contributions to the en'ce is disestablishment." saga of sailing men.' Captain Bartlett The Bishop of Winchester: "We will not only supervise the selection are face to face wita the gravest chal- of locations on which scenes will be lenge between the spiritual and secu- "shot," but will play the part of a lar 'since the Reformation." sealing captain in the film, a char- • Other Church leaders are stressing acter role not far removed from that the' fact that lawlessness is beginuieg which he plays in actual life. to spread in the Church. `of England, Those in charge of the production btit they admit that those in favor of have selected Charles Starrett' and alieeastablishment are in tbe wml inoritygreat. Miss Louise Huntington for the p10' o, however, ly increase if an open conflict through he law courts•begins, as it is expect- ed to shortly, plain answer to a'plaifi t1uestioii. How i tagonists of the play. Although llir. many of the 10,000 -ton eight -inch gun cruisers would be i egttired, to be a. match fon. one "Ersatz Preussen?" Greatest Sacrifice ''Made by Britain . No sacrifice can be asked from any nation approaching that made by Bri- tain, ritain, which held the sovereignty ,of the seas for long generations and now on the Hoover -MacDonald basis ac- cepts equality with ail its implications —the greatest change of fts kind: dura ing a few short Sears that history has known.—MVloiltreal Standard. • IR -10O Will Not Be Taken to Tropics Gasoline Engines Would Be Dangerous in Extreme ` Heat London.—The new British airship R-100 is not considered suitable for use in tropical climates and conse- quently her operations will be con- fined, for some time at least, to north- ern latitudes, said Hon. F. Montague, Under-Secretary for Air, in reply to questions in Parliament Mr. 14iontague explained the' 8.100 was fitted with gasoline engines, which wottld beahighly dangerous'in the extreme heat of the tropics. It was not proposed as yet to re -engine the vessel with compression ignition engines using crude oil, as used in the sister ship, R-101, since these engines were still, in the experimental stage. The R-100 is to make her trial flight from Britain to Canada in the spring. Starrett has figured in leading roles in screen stories before, Miss'Hunt- ington has never before appeared in this capacity. "The most successful religion is a superstition. which has enslaved a air, anci sea alike as the only sure philosophy."—Dean Inge. •:•-------- We weaken when we exaggerate. briskly. Saskatchew n to Have No New Court Buildings Anderson Government Re- quires all Funds for Edu- cational and Highway Developments Regina, Sask—There will be no new court house for Saskatchewan this year. That's the decree of the Anderson Governmeut which has been urged to build several new law court struc- tures. - The answer is that the Government must look after educational and high- ways expenditures first. Sir Frederick Haultain, Chief Jus- tice of the Court of Appeal, other emi- nent jurists and barristers, and Re- gina civic leaders, pressed the Govern - thing, therefore, which was likely to' meet to build• a million -dollar law give great promise of expansion of trade between the two countries. • Colombia was, moreover, predis- posed to trade with the British peo- courts building in the Capital City, but they were turned down. Saskatoon asked for a new court house and there was rumors of a plan files, for they still remembered the to move the Court of Appeal to. the day when Britain had sent out arms and money and hien to aid them in throwing off the Spanish yoke. the world would be done in the Salisbury.. "Half the evils of stop if they had to light of day."—Lord ' Looking After Canada's Interests 'a -at '"'"aaaalaitala Northern city. The Government has called a halt•to Saskatoon's ambitious. While the Government turned down requests for a new court house, intentions, are to spend some millions on buildings of other kinds this year. A million -dollar school for the deaf at Saskatoon, a new Arts building at the University of Saskatchewan, an institution for mentally deficient child- ren, additional accommodation at the Provincial Home for Aged People and more accommodation iu provincial sanatoria are among the thiings plan- ned by the Anderson administration. On top of that Dr. Anderson is keen about putting in new schools in re- mote parts of the province, iuciuding northern areas where half-breed and white children are not now served. The highways program is a particu- larly ambitious one. It is planned to spend $10,000,000 within the next three years on im- proved roads. PHOTOGRAPH HERE SHOWS CANADIAN DELEGATES FOR NAVAL CONFERENCE fIN defers LONDONnd Col, Lett to right—Commodore Walter Hose, chief of naval staff; Col. J, L. Ralston, minister G. P. Vanier, D.S,O., ivl,d. , Devotees of Sport Chicoutimi Progress: People of all ages and both sexes waste precious hours discussing the chance of this or that club, and of this or that boxer or wrestler to vanquish his opponent. I should like to see a part of these thousands of hours, which are lost each year, employed in the study of matters which may improve our young people; I should like to see some of then used in work of a social, literary, artistic, economic or other useful char- acter. In all sincerity we waste much time talking about sports, Mrs. Blabface -- "That new hat makes your face look short." Mrs, Styles ---"That's strange. It made my husband's face look long."