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Zurich Herald, 1927-07-14, Page 3,IREIaAND kb PEJ# Gains Under "Bargain" With Great Britain Are Shown in Detail by Mr. Smiddy in Lecture Before Har- ris Foundation Chicago.—The Irish Free State hopes in no small wayy to help to make prevail ideas of peace and bet- terment of mankind and it isin a par- . titularly favorable position to do this, 1 having no foreign "territory, no ene- mies and is unlikei)„ to foster any in time to come. So declared Timothy A. Smiddy, Minister of the Irish Free i State to the United States, in the sec -1 and address of the Norman Wait Har- 1 ris Memorial Foundation's fourth In-! stituto at the University of Chicago, the series this season being devoted to problems of the British Empire, The ,more •political freedom is an established fact, he said, and the more the absolut€' equality of statue of the Irish Free State with that of Great Britain and of her other do- minions manifests itself in the order- ing of its own affairs, the greater wil be the moral bonds which bind asso- ciates in the British Commonwealth of Nations. Self -Determination. Of •relations to the British Empire, Mr. Smiddy stated, "We have co- operationand no coercion and the bonds which bind the various nations are bonds which are intangible. And, so. far as the Irish 'Free. State is con- cerned, whether these symbols signi- fying our membership in an associa- tion of free nations .are bands which attach or bonds which chafe is to be determined by future experience; and since tbe establishment of the Anglo- Irish treaty we have been free to work out our national life in our way without hindrance from any outside source whatever." - At this point the speaker digeessed from his manuscript to remark that the Irish Free State and Great Bri- tain have both adhered to the letter and the motive of the "bargain." Facts and.figures were presented to show that Ireland and England ale interdependent economically; in fact, "more so than any other two coun- tries oh the face of the earth." He showed that 98 per cent. of exports of the Irish Free State are to Great Britain and northern Ireland, and 85 per cont. of the imports of the Irish Free State aro from Great Britain. Possibility' of a substantial and im- mediate increase in exports of the Free State to Great. Britain are great and the government of the Free State has devised methods and affected legislation by which this trade can be increased in a short time both in quantity and qualiity, he said. "If one of the 'tests of self-govern- ment is ability to insure stability ant to lay the foundations for an econo- mic' and cultural" development that will create for the average citizen the opportunities for a full life, the people of the Irish Free State have already, during the last five years, amply justified their • claims to be al- lowed to govern themselves," Mr. Smiddy asserted, and he reported numerous progressive steps to sub- -stantiate his claim. effejects of devising ,the best`:means for industrial and commercial education, 1 it was told. Tills commission includes experts from Sweden and Switzer- land, 'so that we shall he in a Posi- tion to develop a s, -stern by which continuation .education and technical education can best be integrated with general education," he said. Some other achievements described werethat as a result of a tariff com- u 1ssion 49 new factories have been established since 1925 and an exten- sion xtension of many existing factories has been made; a Trade Loans (Guar- anty) Act has been. passed, the object of which is to facilitate obtaining of capital for establishment and de- velopment of business undertalcings the total amount paid out of the trea- sury for housing purposes has been $7,500,000 and 14,000 homes have thus been established and houses are in pricess of erection; taxation has been considerablynreduced, including a cut of 50 per cent. in the income tax since 1922; grants to relieve local taxes of farriers have doubled by a contribu- tion ot $81,000,000. and lnvestinents !of more than $1,000,000,000 by Irish Free State citizens in British Govern- ment and foreign industrial securities the Irish Free State is a creditor na- tion. A •Maligned Leader General .Sir Frederick Maurice, IHC:M.G., in the London Contempor- ary eview:. (A reply to Mr. Winston Churchill). Mr. Winston Churchill (in The World Crisis) sets out to de- molish Toffre's military reputation.: .. There are few more marked. contrasts in history than that be- tween the sickly von Moltke, in his distant headquarters at Luxemburg,. losing all power to &petrol and co-or- dinate his armies, and the energetic Joffre, now here, now there, on the long front, teaching the doubtful bat- tle where to wage, ruthlessly sweep- ing away those, including close per- sonal friends, whom. he held not cap- able of' dealing with a great crisis, and refusing all temptation to be drawn piecemeal into battle, until he could strike "tenths forces mulles." Joffre's is, indeed, as fine an example of generalship in adversity as the his- tory of war discloses. Had Winged -His House. "Brown's the daffiest man on avia- tion I've ever known." "How come?" "Why, he's even added new wings to his house." '�•--- Tariff Equilibrium Vancouver Province (Ind.): The tariff in. Canada has more or less reached a stage of equilibrium. We can't cut it much without injuring some established industries and we can't increase it much ' without dis- orimina.ting against some other indus- tries. Politicians may talk about the tariff but they can not manipulate it Grading Improves Market Values. to any great extent and this fact is Tho fruits of freedom aro already b,e•oaming known. This is' one in- fluence that •!e pushing the tariff out of politics. Another is the Tariff Com- mission. This body has' not been long in existence, and it has advisory powers only. But it has taken itself seriously from the s'bart. It has in- vestigated freely and has let in a lot of light on dark places. It is making it fainby plain that international trade is not reailly such a mystery as some people had tried to make out, and also beat the raising of tariff barriers and the devising of taxes are matters for economists and' not for politicians. manifest, he said, and he described some of them. Good effects of tkie Dairy Prudence Acts by which all eggs and butter for, export must be graded, packed properly and shipped only from licensed premises, are al readL.. noticeable, he stated, and dur- ing the year eggs from the Irish Free State have obtained high prices as compared with those of competitors. By the Livestock Breeding. Act in- ferior types df bulls are being elimin- ated and - within a few years 'the qual- ity of cattle will be substantially in- creased, he reported. An agricultural credit organization is about to bo established with an ob- ject of cheapening the price of the farmers' raw material by purchase at wholesale prices, producing a better article, and through co-operative mar- keting and reduction of transporta- tion, costs obtaining" a better price, Mr. Smiddy announced. The aim is to bring the fernier into business 'and produce and sell in' accordance with the ideals of Sir Horace Punned, "pioneer of co-operation." By complete amalgamation of 26 railways in. the Irish Free State; freight charges and passenger rates have been substantially reduced and more expeditious delivery of agricul- tural commodities has been achieved, he stated, Introduction of the' sugar -beet in- dustry has niet with more than the expected success. Within 15 months hydroelectric power will have' been generated by the Government's pro- jedts:on the historic River Shannon, he reported. It is estimated that the cost of produotion a unit will be .as cheap as any produced in'°lerirope, 'he related, and it will thereby provide "cheap power for industry and bring light and cheer to every village in the Irish. Free State of ;500 inhabitants .and up," Gains in School System. The Goveritnont has completely re- organized education and put it on a Gaelic basis, the lecturer said, Prior to establishment of the Free State, printery, secondary and university 'education were under control of three different authorities without any con- neetfng links. Now .attendance at school is eenrpttlsory for all children • Commerce and Culture Hugh Walpole in the London Na- tion;and Athenaeum: The worst thing about American letters to -day is the noisy competition that arises round it. The air is filled with best-seller lists and contests; there is a sort of perpetual racecourse atmosphere among the hooks; the chink of Honey is always to heard; authors go up and down according to their commer- tial value. A young writer, if he has any success, is at once temptedby vast sums to produce too rapidly and too monotonously. Nevertheless, these things comae from excitement and from interest, and out of the ex- citement a new literature le being born and a new audience is becoming. critical; anything can happen with a public so vast and a horizon so varied. Canada's Splendid Isolation Quebec Evonenient (Coils.): (Since the war. -some eighty countries have raised their tariffs, some of there mere than once. ' Australia's tariff is up 45 per cent. since 1913, the Ameri- can 40 per cent, since 1914, Everi the British tariff is 20 per cent, 'higher since the war, while the tariffs of Ger- many, France and Italy have risen 50 per cent in the last 15 years). All this clues not prevent Canada, while'' she is following a different policy, from making as much economic pro- grecs as the other countries—with a! few exceptions. But the question is to know if our position would not be 1 still better le we had followed the general rule. Would *0 not have between ages of six and 14 years and benefited bybeing able to exact tariff commission has been "set inn withreprisals ag'ailts't the 'United States? 44 FJ.�M . jfM J F J"y 41'14!),- . a ),- Checking up the Log Crop Lumberjacks breaking up a jam of logs in the sorting runs at La '1' uque, on, the St, Maurice river, Que- bec., La Tuque is the terminal ;to which millions of logs aro floated annually from Quebec lumber districts. Buck Private in Education Salisbury Evening Post: West Point Fathers to Blame for Beauty Contests "SILENCE" Visitors to lumber camps in the big Military Acadenny's announcement Girls who allow themselves to be woods of Northern Maine or Canada that two soldiers from the ranks of the exploited in the Atlantic City beauty are impressed with the silence at regular army had Walked off with pageant usually do so because of the table. It seems strange, this subdued neholastic honors this year,but urging of their fathers, charges Mrs. brand of dining deportment, In direct contrast to the boisterous, rollicking demeanor of the woodsmen in the parallels the experiences of many col- Mina Van Winkle, Chief of the Wo - lieges and universities: the students men's Bureau, Police Department, from • the ranks are most'often found to Washington, D,C., in the June 11th' open. Yet it is an inflexible custom.. have passed through the barrages of issue of "Patches Magazine." 1 Some camps post such signs as examinations with the best records.' "These contests are the commer- ( "No Talking at the Table" or "Silence At Harvard, Yale and Princeton; men cializing of youth and ignorance," she i at Table." The experienced woods - from the public schools always show writes. "Do not be surprised that it man, however, knows the custom and an better in their studies than men is the fathers of girls who inspire and - abides by it. It is the unquestioned from the .private schools. In spite of finance them—for throughout history edict of the cook. There must be no tutoring and exeepitonal opportuni- men have put commercial interests l dallying over coffee and cigarettes. ties the man with .the pampered educe- before human welfare. This will have l In fact, coffee is gulped and cigarettes tion cannot, or ot 'least do -es not, hold to be a woman's fight—and women! are barred. The cook's slogan is its own with the man from the more can win it; for women are the spend- "Eat and Get!" unpromising source who has had to dig'ers This is a rule of reason. The cook for leis knowledge.' Why the buck' "Let the woman of the country boy- l has so much to do. It is seldom privates always seem to do best is cott Atlantic City, and there will no that the dishes from one meal are' something to make the educational longer be beauty contests there. Let washed before it is time to prepare theariets ponder long and deeply, them refuse to buy from the mer- for the next. The, cook's helpers, or �r. -I chants and rent rooms Erom the hotel , cookees," have to cut the wood for Britain and Egyptian even who countenance these exhibi- tions. Let them compel the Atlantic the stoves. This is hauled into the Nationalism City business men to choose between' camp yard as logs, and it is up to the y`cookees" to saw and split these into London Spectator: The British na- the sporadic beauty contests and the " the proper lengths. It takes time. tion as a whole is still of the opinion permanent, respectable Rocking Chair And there are innumerable details re - which Palmerston expressed to Na- Brigade, and the business men will And. hg. All these take time. poleon III: We want friendly rela- soon see where the bulk of the profits tions with Egypt, but as little respon- lies. It is economy in the end to des-' Experience has demonstrated that sibility as can be. The extremists troy such activities as this -for youth when conversation is permitted at ought to help us on our way to that is an asset only when you protect it. table in the lumber camps, arguments end instead of delaying us. It is dif- When you don't it is a liability—an are inevitable. And arguments gen- ficult to understand what they think expense to the taxpayer. erally consume a lot of valuable time they would gain if they could make.it Mrs. Van Winkler points out that and not infrequently end in trouble. impossible for Great Britain to stay beauty contests attract all the objet Occasionally, newcomers to the camp in Egypt If Great, Britain went'som.e- tionable types of men—the mental de will challenge the cook's right to en - body else would step in. Would' the fectives, the vicious, the perverted, force silence., Generally these trouble- Nationalists prefer Signor Mussolini? the unscrupulous and the mercenary. makers are from the cities. Recently Cyrenaca would be a good jumping Participants in beauty contests im• a New York rough, who had sought theisolation of a Northern Maine lumber camp for reasons best known to him- self, persisted in talking after the off place for the next candidate for mediately are flooded with mash let our responsibilities. And Signor Mus- ters, both signed and anonymous. solini would certainly have °a . very 1 She says, From, every point of cook had admonished him that con - short and sharp way with the Wafd;view these contests are outrageous. (Nationalist Party). 'Many girls with unsavory police his- versation was prohibited. .Itories take part 1n them. And the "Who'll stop me?" he asked. good. girls who aro innocently drawn The cook, being an upstanding man, Leadership into them are never the same again." , with long experience among the Indianapolis News: There is gen- l `f woodsmen, and appreciating that it - a. 'was a pivotal moment for his author - Heroic Remedy eral admission that the attainment of success in business ar the professions tames easier to one who has college training. , .. It seems hard, 'after hav- course he was seized by cramps. Each There was no come back. The tough ing beeraised for a high degree of time he floated and succeeded in kick- had had enough. n 'p inteileot . and for having spent four ing them nine miles.—Philadelphia The woods camp in retest years is years in the pursuit ofknowledge, to Inquirer. + a harmonious phaco. begin again at the bottom of the had-' I — der, but there' is where most of the I , How the Other Half Lives. Tho new maid was -not all that successful start. Colleges are not mill- i Brown—"What do you do with your could be desired. "Don't forget;' her tary schools, ,00nfe'rring the rank of worn-out razor blades?" mistrecs warned her before her first captain of industry at commencement Jones—"I shave with them."—Pen- dinner party, "coffee is served after time. They merely release the gradu- nsylvania Punch Bowl. everything." "Yes, ma'am,+I under- , to become privates in the ranks :.— — . stand," relined the girl. And during . They can have the leadership, ea It is not a good thing to thrust dinner she served coffee after the others have gained it, if they are will -imperialism down other people's soup, after the fish, after the meat, i throats.=Lord Byng- :as well as after tho sweets. ity, unloosened a "haymaker" that Twice on the way across the choppy ended on the jaw of the belligerent. in to work for it. Changing of The Guard HOLIDAY IN LONDON Crowd of 'i hiteuntide holiday niahrors ire Olcl London watching the changing of the guard a ceremony which always coinm<tude 1111010st, Whitehall,. "44 etiETIC There is not, perh.a.ps, lit all Watery, a greater fund of story attached: to any one art1c1Io of , furniture than there is to the chest. In the castles of the Middle Ages it was the moat important single possession, and on its broad surfaces were worked out moat wonderful patterns, with a de- votion to art aincult to understand 111 a people whose lives were filled with the action of primitive living. Chests seem to nave been a part of man's equipment since the beginning of time, but each. age and 'country had its own particular type.. They were at first made as tbe savego fashions his canoe, by , hollow - ink a log. Then came the rectangu- lar box with a lid, often beautifully carved, and the gilded Italian marri- age coffer, most elaborate and ex- quisite of al such pieces. Primarily, the chest was made for ut;e as a receptacle; but often it served as a seat at table; and doubt- less many a retainer has lain down on one, thankful for its services as a bed. In 1500 it would have been a seri- ous breach of etiquette to sit on a chair in the royal presence, but per- fectly proper to sit on a chest or cof- fer. Chests crossed to the American continent with the colonists, and when the use of chairs became com- mon, chests were raised upon trest- les, and soon drawers were intro- duced, a type which ultimately be- came the bureau. 'Tile materials of these old chests vary, naturally, although the batter ones remaining are of oak, mahogany or treakwood. Some are fitted With drawers, some open with doors, ::eine by means of a lid, as was the case originally. Some are provided with backs i norder to serve the double purpose of hall seat as wel las chest. Thorough all the ages bridal coffers have been important in the house- hold. Every bride, were elm rich or poor, peasant or princess, had a chest of some kind given her by her par- ents. It represented the best they could afford, and was always the chief ornament of the bride's home. Most exquisite of all chests, as has been stated, are the Florentine caz- soni. Noted painters of the four- teenth and fifteenth cents:ries were employed to enrich them with panels of such artistic value that mazy have been removed from their original set- tings and now hang in the galleries of Europa. Ot was a common prat- tice to inclose a series of painted panels in a gilded framework of eia- borate feral. The ail -over pattern of the lily is a :notif that proclaims a Florentine c gin. In Jacobean timer, when the coffer grew into theh chest of drawers, tall hanging clipboards also canna into use. By easy stages tba tallboy evslvel, expressing the need cf €onietbing more commodious than the primitive: chest. It was made in two sections, mainly for convenience in m;ving. In the eighteenth century the cone mode made its appearance. On nu- t merous of these were place l little i dressing glasses, set en swingirg frames, and with tiny dr a ere below the glass to hold the toiletearticies. • An Awful Lot. "Ile has no friends worth tinting about." "Why, ho has au awful lot of friends. '"Yee, an awful lot, but none w,._ ,hr talking about." Old and New .Cana: -..!a. izA:rm_e Leader (Lib.): These visite aY citi:rne cf Qu'e'bec to the West fro:a year to 3'''=t ..:e important They are vale:San, to Quebec and are va!uab'e to*t"a est. They tan. helping French- seeaknee Cana diens of varinus s,eeticns of tee Deanne -en to keep in touch with one another the better, entt more im- r'.zrteu.: relel, tbcy are cantriL'uting to betten feclin't l,•etx ccs tbe two cut- s: e. ria r c. ori elements in the papilla- They o rnla- They ere helping rir'o to ben% reg•:_t a boner tuniestnnding L•etwc 'n no Last end the West, It is to be hared that flit tour of neat month win Le a ,.icr:ss ,et-;r:i way. The u i'o- r f ern:n..,... 8:.:1 8 to kiln by sueh "In virtn&ly c: -ere mneionary in- evitably there `e a r : n inner arm r.rt..., St.rr£.i I,c wroiti' (1 1. oft, asn t:. editor if Tie in ties, in Jute Cur - :Jett, IIistni: 'They could not be in tel'i.ua, u:9 ainelonaries if they cid net sial that. they 1, ed .sinaothing to teach (`.hino^e iehleh is better than any- thing the Chin i.o know. in the beet of them this. diner arrogance trans - lata;, Went .ntr a desire to serve; in :ha newt of thenar it becomes the in- telerable. vnien ity of the man who win reap into the dim light of a. bean oiu- 13uddltii,$t temple and in his Barbarous alien Chinese denounce 'ouclly the superstitious of those who ,vi)rehip there, or will deem it au act grace to smash the heathen idols ea a Taoist shrine, In any ease the sensitive Chinese 1s. likely to be con- ' sclous of it in time of intense nation; consciousness• to resent It,"'