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Zurich Herald, 1927-07-07, Page 31e •e •'e x-. ie 0 lie o- en he le, u'y eat ar- hd ser id. she :ae "it vo• ler to on, 100 lee alfi. RIS RESTORED Famot 2 French Cathedral Raises Again from its Wrecking ROCKEFELLER HELPS Thouaands o$ Canadian troops stooci. aghast at the deetruction •caased by German II.E, shells, to French, ac''hurehes and cathedrals. Tyree, Axra$, Amiens,, were all familiar to the CE.F. Reims to a few only, except through picture and story. In. a' recent "Literary Digest" the rebuilding of Reims is described end In the telling, thoughts-. return to other magnificent edifies and we wonder "why war," QnAscension Day, May 29, the Arch- bishop -Cardinal Luton celebrated high mrass in the nave of the Cathedral of Reims for the first time since the war. The last 'time such a eeremouy took place was September 19, 1914, whets Monsignor Landrieuy, then Vicar -Gen eral of the Cathedral, said mass before one single worshiper. Bombardment of the town was in progress, and shells bursting overhead interrupted his read- ing of the Iiturgy. That night the woodwork of the Cathedral took fire and the whole edifice was gutted. Since that time the building hes been in disuse, save for one chapel and part of the ambulatory on the, north side of the 'choir, walled oft item the rest. Now eight years of patient work in re- storation of the intea•ior are crowned by the ceremony noted. A new altar • stands in the last bay of the nave, backed by a temporary wall which separates it from the transepts, and a diminutive choir, is formed by the few choir -stalls which escaped destruction.• What is clone has come in part from the benefleience of outsiders. Mr. John D. Rockefeller, Jr., gave 6,000,000 francs, only one-third of which has yet been scent. Denmark's gift amounts to 1.,200,000 franca, Norway's to 200,0001 francs, while double the latter amount has been guaranteed by Great Britain. The French Government has advanced about 1,000,000 francs a year, so that so far, 11,000,000 francs have been ex- pended on the restoration. In a de- tailed article in the Louden, Timesone sees >w1tat the. war did to: this glorious heritage of the; Miadle Ages; one,: how- ever, only of the ruined fanes in that much suffering country. Old days, whose : memories • are perhaps fading are here recalled: Much Accomplished "To any one who.has not seen the Cathedral in its ruined state the re- conditioning •ol. the nave may not ween, at the first thought, a great deal to show for eight years' work. With- out having" visited the building in de- tail and traced the course of the de- struction to which it was exposed for four years it is difficult to realize to what extent its masonry was shatter- ed and dislocated„or to estimate at Its proper worth the work which has bean accomplished. In September, 1914, after the first bombardment and the fire which followed it, people spoke already of the Cathedral as ruined. The damage done was •indeed , immense, The fire started with the s,caffoling, 'which at that date still surrounded REIMS CATHEDRAL keystones had: been smashed to bits, both to fire and changes of tempera - In the .center of• the church the trap- ture,.and.wliiclt has. the advantage that sept crossing,dooked as if a giant, 1}ke l any part of it can,be replaced at any Samson at Gaza, had tried to pull down tune without touching the rest. It has th openers on top of him. One of the t plieity of a boy's set o! 'Mac four master pillars had been hit by a s nd its clean, enact lines when shell of the heaviest caliber, and it i1`C ; „t,1 ,the inside- of the roof are drums so shattered that they barer 'r �t #;� a ,eye, The The same system held together. .A. great gash in ih.;, ,,,i kt'o,t+; �++ 1 for the churches of St. roof had brought down tans upon tons rc�l,i of masonry, completely burying the seem high altar. Severa' great shell craters purpc yawned in the floor of the nave, Lit ,ossa tie was left of the magnificent thir- cee teenth-century stained glass which had filled the windows of. the clearstory and the apse, and rain and frost were fast completing the ruin. "Outside the Catherral muck of the stonework of the towers hung totter- ing and ready to. fall. The facade was gashed and. splintered. Of the thirty- five great statues of the main porch live. Including the Queen of Sheba and t those of the apse. Much of its -perish- tho whole of the northwest angle of one of the famous smiling angels, were ed in the lire; the rest was mostly the building, testifying to the work of decapitated • and most of them were brought down by the bombardment, atibul restoration which had been sadly mutilated. The smaller groups and could only be collected in tiny 1 and statuettes had fared- likewise. trragn>,ents„ from .the .floor of the carried out during tae .previous forty Havoc had been played with the light- CathedraI. The piecing of it together years, all in vain as it proved. The er stonework of the exterior, such as has been the work of M. Jacques flames were fel by the masses of straw the corbels and gargoyles and the Simon, whose family has had the care which had been laid in•the nave as a3 moldings and tracery of the windows. of the stained glass of the Cathedral bed tor 200 German wounded who had This ares particularly the case at the ,for 200 years, Ho has succeeded after been collected there, by the chairs and east end of the church, which had hadlong and patient work in reconstitut- choir stalls, and, Fast but not least, by to bear the bruntof the shelling. Con- ing, partly with the original glass and the oak beams of the roof. -For two days the great church blazed, wails siderable stretches of the gallery partly with .facsimiles, the rose win - the melted le_atd from the roof poured.. which runaround the root of the nave dow and eight of those in the clear- tdoheii in stream from the •mouths of on the outside had been completely story. .Enough of the original glass the gargoyles. When the fire died destroyed.” remains to fill three of those in the down the outer roof was gone, leaving It was two . years before the first apse when the time comes." the stone vaulting bare to the sky, the stage of restoration could be begun. When attention is turned to the out - A temporary roof of corrugated Iron j>elfry of the north tower with; its eight aide of the church, the means are at avast ,spread, • some creeks ,filled , with bells had crashed to the ground, .the cement, loosened blocks Secured with hand for the restoration of the mufti - cement, stained glass of the tude of sculptured figural that adorn iron hitches, and arches supported clearstory :and the great rose' window It,though copy. can never. equal the 'wwith brickwork, When work really .a over the west door were pitifully shat- commenoed— original. • Plaster casts of the most eered, and a great real of the stone- famous figures, celebrated throughout The whole of the floor had to be work, both inside and .out, including repaved. .Each pillar and arch had to the world as jewels of medieval art, many .of the exquisite carved -stone fig- be separately doctoredbefore th o exist .in the Art Museutn of the Tro- ares of the facade, liad cr.aeleed and y e roof 'cadero in Paris; and the Department could be toadied. Under the constant perished in the heat er the fire. of Fina Arte has in its archives a hammering .of the bombardment the IC was, a disaster • fit to . appal the series of photographs of practically. sagged away from the arches had spa artistic sense of the whole world, but vaulting, leaving in some instances a every retail in the sculpture of the it was little egtnpared with what:, w,as , .a Cathedral. to fol�;ow. Until the very end of the oases of or .five .i to be ;„In, these. war the Cathedral remained in the fire- cases each stone had to be separately zone, constantly 'under fire, s and at tinges, as in April, 1917, exposed to a immense structures of sca'folding. had merciless bombardment of guns of to be erected to enable the masons to :heavy caliber deliberately directed at deal with theovaulting of the roof, atf t,Jacgues. at Reims, and it arly well adapted for the en onoe the slabs ; are ity,;.construction is ex- apld and economical. The roof of the nave has taken only thir- teen months to build. A Sad Loss. "The most grievous and most irre- parable loss is that of the precious stained glass which formerly filled the main rose }window above the west door, the windows of the clearstory, and put back into ,place, until the correct aurae of the -;arch• was restored. - Then TOBACCO OTES Cultivating and Topping Tobacco. Cultivation of the tobacco crop should begin from 8 days to 2 weeks after transplanting, It is advisable not to cultivate too closely around the plant until it has taken root as there is danger of killing it. In ex- periments described by the Publica- Wens ,Branch, Department of Agricul- ture, Ottawa, the best results were obtained 'by making the first cultiva- tion about five inches deep and each subsequent ope more shallow until towards the last not 'mere than a 2- iuch depth is reached.' The cultiva- tion should be stopped as soon as the tobacco has been topped, as cultivat- ing atter topping delays ripening. The topping, according to the bulle- tin, should be done as soon as • the majority ot the plants have develop-, ed the desired number of leaves. Post- poning topping until a large number of; plants have developed flower stalks retards ripening, increases the pro- portion of stalk to leaf, and reduces the yield. Protecting Tobacco Plants From Cutworms. Different methods of combating the cutworms as an enemy of tobacco plants are described in a bulletin of the Dominion Department of Agricut- tura on Tobacco Growing • in South- western Ontario. Applying a poison- ed bran mixture broadcast on the field after transplanting bas proved to be the most satisfactory method of control, . The mixture le composed of 50 pounds of wheat bran to 1 pound , of farts green, 1 gallon of molasses, and 114) gallons of water. Two light i applications of the poisoned bran on successive days bava.preyed more et fective than one heavy application. I have seen many scenes in this House, but I have never seen one that, did any good to any party,—David LIoyd. George. is No fewer thou 287 direct hits ou itheeetructure were cottntbd, and many more must have escaped observation. \The Cathedral continued to stand in ;spite of the rents and gashes in its shell, a monument" to the skill of the •thirteenth"century masons who built it, 'but as the Pitiless bammoring was again and again , renewed its stoAe- work began to loosen and break up. It ,could not much longer have withstood the ordeal, Terribly Battered "By the time the Germans withdraw ;and Reims was released from the ter; ror of bombardment, the Cathedral ,had reached a stage, at which the fabric was beginning to disintegrate, ,At a little distance the building retain - ,ed all its old grandeur''and aPPealed to be intact, but its actual state was ,desperate. Pillars atad buttresses} .had begun 'to crumble 'under the,.pottnding •which they ,had received; .,walls ,Vere laeginning to sag, Arches had hail theft'• thrust distorted so that they no longer ,gave support to the weight•.which they weirs built :to bear: Tete vaulting of :the toed .was:; broken-thtbugh eaglet • r.'r izin4 ,different Plaolife 44,e4 Of 140 which was opento the sky in several places. • Clever Work. The restoration, of the outerroof levee a problem in itself, which has been 1 solved by the ingenuity of the arohi-' tect, M. Deneux, The roof which bacl been destroyed in the Conflagration of September, 1914, was made of oak ! beams and covered with lead. At the end. of the war all. Deneux made in guides as to the'.irossibility ot replac- ing it. He was told that it would take at least five years to collect the neces- sary, timber; the cost would have been prbhlbitive. :Ara alternative which' presented itself • Was to use ,cast iron, as , was • done .at the Cathedral at. Chartres, but in this case the roof Would have had to be covered with cop - Pea, and ' the lead available frotn' the old roofs Auld have been wasted, M beneux lift upon a soiution•Whlch wan there •ft $cticxl, simpi,er, and more peon= urn oar than eitber timber'or ikon. He used beams of pre-ceet ferroconorete, ldld together by dowels of Abe sante material, and fastened with oak pegs, dageitha tee Means isa,,haa produoed a s altrttct* '*bleb 18 fight, street, great a: nI ,��.u«f. .<..:•,>, Vit~ A RAILWAY SAFETY DEVICE `xhe Safety Department of the Canadian National R�'tilways has irate - dewed a safety device which eau be Installed on hated cats and motors to prevent .derailmont. The deyiee eonsists of four metal. brackets piaoed in front afld rear of the wheels, eis shown its the illustration. ;These are bolted to the 'rratne of the ear both horizontall nmol vertically, Exitaustivo 'testa y 5 'were ;made with a gasoline car to which these brackets were attached, at peeds war. •in • froth t . y g ten to thirty wattles an hoof•" aid it was clearly demon attated that these brackets held the ear intact on the vette., TO STUDY BLUE "GOOSE IN ITS ARCTIC HOP Parts of Sid. on Steel-'Sheath- e.d'5 hQoner to Get Data on This Little-Knovvr1 Bird Within a few days the sturdy little a:uailiary schooner Aire! will leave Pairltaven,, 'acmes the river from. New Bedford, Mass., on the first leg of •a voyage ,that will eventually take her' into Arctic waters nth a party of sb Americans who will seek the little-known blue goose and other ornithological specimens of the frozen North. The Ariel, which looks like a frail craft for such an undertaking, has just been steel -sheathed to protect her from the ice. Her designer, Wil- liam H. Hand, Jr., drew the plans from watch the Zodiac and Donald McMillian's famous schooner Bow - (loin were built, Both these vessels withstood successfully the rigors ot the North. The Ariel will go first to New Ro- chelle, where, under direction of the leader of the expedition, Dr. Oliver L. Austin of Tuckahoe, she will take on supplies and a moving picture out- fit for photographing wild life. Her first stop will be at Meadows Bay, an island harbor on the west coast. of Newfoundlaud. From this point the Ariel wil sail to Battle Harbor. Here more fuel will be taken aboard for the voyage along the Labrador coast. The primary objective of the ex- pedition is the blue goose, ate as yet inooanpletely identlfled and clazsliled 1 Marl Maverick of the white alcgtb.. ;Feathered specimens obtained will Ibe turned over to l:Iarv'ard's tnuseixm of comparative zoology for detailed l study, IIDr, Austin, hopes to be able to place Identification, bands on hundreds oa young birds in the x}orthlarzd and will take 10,000 non -rusting -"moiler bands provided by the United States.Biolo- &loal Survey. When these labeled) birds are leder found lag other places, : the band data, it is hoped, will pro- vide scientists with new material con- corning oncorning the birds' migrations and geo- grapb.ical distribution, ()liver Austin's chief hope Is to find a spot in Northern Labrador or Baf- fin's. Bay, 1,000 -miles north of Indian arborgoose.Hthe last outpost of civiliza- tion—where he can ripen dthe Winter of 1928-29 making excursion s inland to the nesting region of the blue "It is still an unsettled question whether the lesser snow goose and the blue goose are related," said Mr. Aura tin recently. ,' We know from the Es- kimo stories, and otherwise, that the blue goose has nesting grounds in the southwestern part of Baffin Land. "Two years ago a Canadian scient- ist named Soper, of the Government steamer Arctic, which takes cupplies to the mounted police in that region, stayed at a spot there through tho Winter trying to get inland . to the nesting places of there blue gees, but he failed. FARM NOTES Retain Milk Flow With Green Feed The farmer who expects to run a dairy herd suocessfully must plan for an adequate supply of green feed to carry his cows from the time the pastures begin to fail until real -win- ter feeding begins,. Thin is a critical period and if he allows his caws to fail in flesh or In milk production, he cast- not expect profitable returns .for hie labor. At the Experimental Farm, Nappan, sufficient green feed is supplied to carry the milking herd from about the twentieth of July until the pastures are done and they are``stabled for the winter, which would be about the last weelt in October. The number of days which it will be necessary to feed green feed will, of course, vary from year to year but to be on the safe side one must figure on about one hundred days and it w111 take at 4east twenty on has t d 11 other b pounds per. cow per day. The man to support a resolution demanding with ten cows• would then require ten that agriculture be placed under the tons of green feed and to be sure of protection of the Safeguarding of In - having enough he shouil4 plan on hav- iitustries act, and put forward claims ing an excess over and above what tar a substantial duty on imported ale. actually thinks he will need. On barley far brewing, with the dem-end soil, two acres should yield that the importation of flour and the sufficient for these requirements. The exportation of milling offals be pro - crop which. we have found most satis- hibited; that the importation of con - factory is a mixture of oats, peas and densed milk be prohib•tod and that vetches, seeded at the rate of one and potatoes and bacon only be allowed onxe-half bushels of, oats, one bushel to be imported under license and in of peas and one -halt bushel of vetches quantities not exceeding require- , 'per acre. There are other crops which ments necessary to suppieinent homo might prove satisfactory but taking Production. one year with another, the above crop can be depended upon to give a satis- factory yield of aucculont and nutriti- ous 8odder.—Kenneth -Cox, Dominion Experimental Farm, Nappan, CARE NEEDED Bence that rcugh handling is the cause of most of the injuries. As the bulls of those hags were shipped direct to the plant it is evident that the greater part of the injury occurred in Ilandling at farms and shipping stations. Lack of proper loading chutes at farms cud unloading chutes at station yards is un- doubtedly responsible, for a big per- centage of these losees. The money losses each year run into very big fig- ures. ig ures. Surely humanity and financial interest will induce everyone handing interest will induce everyone handling equipped to da their part in preventing these inhumane and wasteful condi- tions. WANT AGRICULTURE GIVEN PROTECTION Essex Farmers' Union Request Suport in Resoluticn Adopted. The lascex, England, Farmers' 'Uni- on requested a o er ranches New -Wail Covering That • Washes The annual renovating of the house usually reveals a need for a certain Amount of now papering or calcimin- ing or other wall treatment. Thera is now obtainable a decora- The Bruising of Livestock in. tivo wal covering which will endure Shipping Causes Heavy for a considerably longer time than Losses and may be cleaned with water, thus obviating frequent replacement. In the report of the Veterinary Direc- This material comes in dry form by tor General just to hand, this pare - the pound, and is mixed with water to graph appears— a consistency slightly softer than "There does not appear to be any plaster. It is applied directly to the advancement in the method of ship- plaster after the old paper has boon ping and handling of livestock as the removes, or 11 the paper is still 1•osees from bruises are relatively lar- smooth and fast to the wall over its ger than the year previous. Much -of entire surface, the composition may this lues could undoubtedly be avoid- be applied over it. ed if even reasonable caro wore ager- Application to the walls is matte cased in the driving, shipping ,and with a small brash. Any color de- bandling. Gross carelessness rather sired may be chow, or a mixture of than ignorance is the uuderlying cause Golors that gives sotnothing of a batik of necessary loss•" effect. The decoration may bo a plain ThethisunIons suffered by fanners and stipple, which is the Ieast expensive, meat packers every year through cane- or it may be ono of many designs that less, iasadequate or antiquated meth- are more elaborate. The finishes are ods of handling shipping of live suitable for any room, from the kit - stock is. very seriousand. The worst of chem of an unpretentious home to the it is that not much general advance is drawing -room of a handsome ono, the being made. Much of the good work varieties ranging from the simple to being done by farmers and other live- the richly beautiful. st elt.iian,llers is negativenegativea by' others The cost is aro more than wall pa - net are careless. ivauy farmore aro per of equivalent quality for the some removing the horns from their cattle rooms, but the removal of horns oaten gives to those that have harass unlimited ep-i In hogs, the report of one peeking 1 plant for the week ending June 4 is as fellows:-,- Right stele ,.. 67 sides BruisedBruised on:' Right ham .. 216 .sides Left ham ... 151 skies Right side ... 67 sides Loft side : , .. 58 sides Right shoulder 43 sides Left shoulder 113 sides portunity to do damage, 571 Sides e 225 hoga Hogs fighting 15 hogs Clubbed over bilcit .. , . , 140 hogs Madly Whip. marked ... , , 18 hogs 613 hog's 81a hogs of the wee'k's reei ts w r.. a p ee badly hruited, Think Of the inhartitute ity revealed In the 218 liege , clubbed and whip marked, The grout number wired to the harass iai also 'eertata sat • Not Tice, but Borate. 9 hear she's hold to her old Taus, band by many, ties." "By tetany bends, I'd Sar." Wtfn' 'a contemporary: Wanted, * reepeetable than .to milk a Crow witKi rs good Tette and aeeuetotned tt► iiiaarll fat the choir.