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The Seaforth News, 1923-06-21, Page 7Observations 611-110g Grading. In the opinion of competent'obser.v- to el ors; hog -gradin; combined. tivith�,co- V 1 .operative shrppirg is doing mo1Q to The other' day I was Obliged to Mir- advance the quality of hogs in Caritiida' cheep a ,new collar for one of ,my- �^ x. ""^ANN, ` ' than anything else that has pe�eu horses. This animal I use in doing Z_:,ERE undertaken.' About forty pe: ct nt.one-horse work, and I had to gethim ! , cfthe hogs that reach the. Toreluo ready since the' bean field wilt soon be market'are shipped in by co-opefa r'e needing.: the cultivator. z 73 :; clubs. About fifty per cent,, of tate"'Ti's animal'`has always been hard ` i hog$ comtaided in these shipments / • to fit with a collar. The standard col ADD TO ITS BY onsi•stin carry • identification marks enabling lar comes close to the side of the neck POULTRY 1 POP put on a ration of soft feed c theproducers to obtain the premium near the top; but fits very loose at the CAPONIZING. of a mash containing a fairly 'large for those grading •"select" bottom. .I now have .the collar fitting The objects in unsexing a cockerel percentage of bran fora couple, of It is' claimed, by the officials in very„ satisfactory. ' ere exactly the same as the altering days .until the wound's are healed.' charge of this work that the improve- 1 .Ilere is how ,we did the lob° I of males of swine or cattle, Capons, They can •then be put on range and ment in the typo of hogs received Is gathered some oldcloths and these are unsexed male birds, , This practice fed with the other growing. ; stock. improving much more rapid than even. were first soaked and then wrapped is very old, in Europe and capons was. While capons stand confinementwell, the most sanguine would have ey;j;ect_ about where the medder path goes a favorite dish in the ,tables of they n.?ree range, ed,. indicating teat more care is being through the collar: This. was done' in kings,do much .better o and potentates in centuries growing larger frames and eons°- taken than heretofore in, the land of the evening, 'and' I left the collhr-in p past. In those days surgery was crude and quently attaining greater weigh, . 1 breeding stock Ikept. -- 1 the wet cloths till mo.min;g-Alen ;! mortality was high in working the, The capon market is at the best be.-; Hardly a shipping day passes at`was put on the horse and the • h .nes •birds. There also resulted', many tween Christmas and Easter. This some of the heaviest 'shipping points pulled tip' to the proper position.. The "slips." Slips are birds 'improperly requires that the bi:ds;be held over -a in Ontario without several fit:rmers,'horse was worked only moderately castrated, leaving a portion 'of. the portion 'of ,the winter.:, A cheap col- Presenting themselves who are on the that'day, but enough so the collar wt organs attached which exults in a, ony house :affording protection., from lookout for bacon type sows to put. in properly adjusted: to the neck. The stoggy condition. With' the,iniprove the weather,:which is dry; is all'that their herds.' A farmer looking far a collar then dried and now -fits and ment in instruments these dangers is necessary: They do'lotrequire ex- sow, and: not able to find just what.' works very satisfactory, - - were reduced until we can now count pensive br elaborate housing. week• s! satisfies him, is frequently assisted by —_-,; on a, very small mortality when t I Best gains up to within three a shipper, In some .cases a half operation is 'done by one with some of marketing will be made by hopeer !thedozen or more of the best looking sows experience and usually we don't find feeding hard grain, 00 wheat, and will be selected, by the intending.pur- more than five per cent mortality in cracked corn,, and feeding aarmorer chaser, and the shipper will assist amateur 'operations. 1 mash once ,a .day, consisting of: equa him in choosing the best specimens Capons are very docile and jean be parts of ground oats, ground corn,i from these. They are:then purchased raised on tyle. same range witk pullets bran, middlings, and two, per cent, of at the market price for thick, smooth and cause no. trouble. They grow ground, limestone: This can bemoist-,i hogs, plus the ten per cent. premium: rapidly and lay' on heavy, soft; ousel- ened with sour milk, buttermilk,0r.; Reports' from many `of .the counties, - ing,, They make good foragers ,and .semi-solid. Milk, if available, should. more particularly in the middle' and make very economical use of a large be given to drink during the entire western -part of Ontario, indicate that range in late siinimer and fall. They growingPeriod, as it tends to produce; it will bo only a 'few, years until the In the Scales • have been used, grid still are to some a softer flesh or better flavor.' The sows kept are all of a high Glass,• Helper—"I don't seem to got the extent, for foster mothers, but this real quality is added, daring the• last bacon type. practice is limited. Capons have been ' t ,ree weeks when thre capons are con- ., right weight in meats." known to raise, chickens, turkey poults fined to crates and finished on a ra- 'Work has been -begun on 892 war Butcher—"That you .110011 When ariut ducklings, .and make excellent ! tion of equalparts of fine]ground 'cemeteries, and 431 have been com-You get your hand in, however, you'll g ! Q y be a goon clerk." "mothers.". - „This quiet disposition' corn and low-grade' flour, mixed to a.,pieted. makes them readily fattened and vas- batter with milk., ,Capons'stand crate- ily handled. fattening remarkably well. and make The great bulk of our capons come, excellent gains. They are usually fed from the general purpose breeds, as .arse weeks before killing. Plymouth Rocks, Rhode Island Reds! Capons do not sell on the ,market and White Wyandottes. We have,, under' the class of heavy roosters, but however, in some places a trade de -i aslcapod as '. Mini Should ips. It only t be dressedl• nd veloped sufficiently to make the rale- i sothe quality of your product and to de- big of poultry for meat profitable stzoy. the . demand, to pawn off slips as enough that less attention is paid to "meat" capons. A genuine capon shows very Two enactments are in force in the "Standard Quality," and "Second egbree d ioThisicin hasand a been done iii' E gel little comb: and Wattle mdevelopa development, Dominion of Canada relating to can- Quality." @ Y, land to some extent with Orpiugtons,1 and has a long, flowing, Si ned and evaporated fruits and vege- In addition to general standards,for Cornish and Sussex. Brabmas have growth of cycle feathers and tail- coy- tables. They are The Food and Drugs vegetables, specific grades have .been always•been'a favorite'breed`for capon' erts, Theses are his distinguishing. Act and The Meat and Canned Foods established for canned peas. These: are as follows: Size No. 1, Size No. 2,Size No. 3, and Size' No. 4. The size is determined by the opening in the sieve through which the green peas ° will pass. Canned fruits are graded for qual- ity and syrup. In grading for syrup the terms of "Heavy Syrup," "Light Syrup," and "Without Sugar" -are em- ployed. The degrees of syrup which constitutes these grades is defined. If demand for turkey has been so the packer so desires, he may;substi- capon Market. y good! and requires that the container bear tute for the wards "Heavy Syrup," question and one .and prices so remunerative: that little upon its 1'abel a true and correct de- "Light Syrup,"and "Without Sugar, The most commong. serlptkon`of the product.the words Peeked in Syrup.... which is difficult to nswer is, "How has be• en Bono along thi3 line.. Water« and how large should a cockerel be fowl are very - rarely caponized. Os- •This •Act:and the Regulations made Sugar," (stating the percentage of oldo titch are caponized to thereunder applies in .all plants doing sugar in the syrup). for canonizing? It is not a matter P give a finer pp ig g y p), and batter quality of plump. an export or interprovincial trade The terms denoting qualityand of age, or size so numb as it is a mat- P P g ter of stage of development. The age a • where fruits and vegetables and fruit grade must appear upon the main por- varies from six to ten weeks and the Opening the Trapdoor. and vegetable products are canned, tion of the label in plain type of a size size from. one and one -halt to three' evaporated, dried or otherwise pre- not less than % of an inch in height. pounds. Cockerels should be .capon- Our kitchen and echosare se ar- pared for food, or where milk is can- Thus, in the case of peas, the label ized just as they begin to show sexual ranged that it is necessary to have a ned; evaporated, dried or otherwise must indicate the quality and.size of development by the comb commencing trapdoor in .the kitchen floor in order preserved. It also applies to places the peas contained in the can. In the to grow. Usually in the heavy breeds' to reach the cellar. 'For years we had where such products are stored for case of fruit, it must indicate the qual- It is safe to say that cockerels weigh- a ring attached to the doer to raise it, interprovincial or for export trade. ity of the article as well as the con- ing one and one-half to two pounds, but this was a literal stumblingblock SANITATION. sistency of the' syrup so far as sugar end from, six to eight weeks of age, besides being unsightly. The last time content is concerned. will be about right: Leghorns will we put down a linoleum I -worked out The' declaration of -net weight on g thisplan of liftingthe door: • 1 h certain sizes of containers is "not -re- have to be worked younger due to the, earl development. At the time of About the centre of the first- riser— f P quired, as these sizes have been stand- ? P operating the organs should be about or joist if more convenient—is a block ardized. These sizes are known as the size of a navy bean. of mood about twelve inches long. This from the Minister' of Agriculture. Size 1's, 13 's, 2's, fly's, 3's and lO's. Special instruments • are required would not have been necessary but for Before granting such permit the The minimum net weight of both' :for the operation. These are mann- our joists being veiled. Pivoted to Minister must be satisfied that the liquid and solids as packed is defined factured and'sold by several firms: A this block. is -a cross bar about as long Premises in winch -the manufacturing for each of these sizes. • Sizes not great deal of stress should be placed as the door is wide. Attached to the operations are to be conducted are in standardized must; show om the • label right. end of .this barmeans .of a `all respects sanitary as to construe- on the selection of good instruments. gby the net weight andthe drained weight stove bolt is a plunger made of a piece The administration of the ;regula- of broomstick, This comes up through tions as to Standards is directed from the floor about • an. inch. A similar , Ottawa through a staff of trained in- spectors. The goods are examined at the cannery and check samples are sent in for confirmation. If the goods are found to be incorrectly labelled, they are held for regrading or re- labelling. If goods found in a whole- sale or retail ,establishment are not ments are met,such establishments truly labelled as to grade, they are held until properly graded. The packer are inspected from time to time by the is always given every opportunity to Department's inspectors. show that his, grading is correct, but The Act requires that all fruit, if it is found to be incorrect,•he must end and with a sharp bent hook at the In the movement for the; rector vegetables, mlk, or other articles in- . relabel the goods in such a way,as to oths. The blunt end is used to press consumption of milk and its educts tended for .use in an authorized estab indicate the correct grade. the intestines book and the sharp hook s ' bailment 'shall be sound, wholesome which }s. gokng on in many states of EXPORT 9IIiPnIENrs, to tear the membranes or peritoneum and in every way fit for food, Should the Union, California stands' at the which, lines the abdomen. ,t • any article of food- be found, either in The Act stipulates that no shipment head. There is scarcely a'eity of any of canted or evaporated fruits or The most important instrument is, the course of preparation or after it 1. size in California that has not some , of. course, the remover. This is de -has been prepared, to be,decfor food, vegetables or fruit or vegetable pro- sort' of milk service' in the public be' made Canada signed' to grasp the testicle and re- `chools. in San pro - Francisco diseased, or otherwise' unfit for food, ducts may ade otic of move it.` It should be so made to al - hs oft esareu sco 10,500 it shall be confiscated by the inspector without an export certificate first be- - low n'o part. of' the organ to slip back helf-pint b l p -rebased by the and destroyed under his supervision. 1 ing obtained: This certificate is issued children at the school lunches every or remain attached. It is largely a day. In Berkeley every school has a DESCRIPTION or THE PRODUCT. upon the written declaration of the preference to the.best , . shipper that the goods are marked a matter of refexensimilar service. Nutrition classes are The containers in which fruits, vege- g g q type , to select. There are several re- regards made and quality ine'onform- sets n : advertise in our lead- also' comianon in the principal cities. tables,. mklk or other articles ,prepared it with the Act. At the nine of lean - liable poultry pa er • uid magzines: In, Every child in'the nutrition classes is for food in any ,ailthorized -establish- }ng such certificate;; check samples are' e required to drink a :quart. of. milli a anent are, placed shall be marked, un- taken for examination and grading, selecting a set; determine front some a g d fig, one who had had sone experience, jhe day: • Doctors, dentists, andopticians less otherwise ordered by the Governor and a report of the. grading is sent to metits of tli i various instruments. The' give their services free of charge. In in Council (1) With the name and ad- the,. shipper. selection remover will pay 1922 the people, of, California con- dress of the packer, or, in the case of • eetian ofs a good i V niarpaT REGULATIONS. sumed 13,600,000 gallons more milk a firm or corporation, with the firm or inauy times over. in preventing losses. i No of canned e a o - and ski : s f om occurrin in ;worltin than in any_ previous. year, the per corporate name and address of the shipmentdor v p rat n p i' g g ca ita consuin tion.. increasin ,from acker '0r of the first dealers obtainln ed fruits or vegetables is allowed: to the birds, p- p g p g enter Canada unless it is accom 17% gallons in .1921 to 22 gallons in it -direct from the packer who sells or parried Space,}will: not.permht,a°dctakled die: - 1921' bya certificate declaringthat-the pro- cussion tion. 1922, '•The consumption of butter in- offers the same for sale. (Such dealer P s on of the technic of the opera creased from 22 ibsr'to 221 ,lbs.per shall, a on:the request of an inspector duct complies with the - Canadian re- Thesemstreetiens can be secured p > • qP •, ci • capita, in the sante: Period. a ointed'-under'the Act, disclose the quirements. If a shipment arrives from youraturersural collage or from cap P anwithout this declaration it is. held at vn name of the packer of such article)., the manufacturers of the instruments. . (2) With a true and correct descrip- the Customs till arrival of proper The .operation is not' difficult to per- if the currant worm becomes seri- tion of the contents_ of the container. documents. • As peon- as practicable form and.`earl be.readily done' by any- bus' when• the fruit ie nearly ripe, This desci•i p tion "is defined byre ala- after> arrival, the, steeds are examined one„with .a little, practice. It.is',poa-; fresh;hellebore should be used. Asa tion and issOregarded as the'standard for marking and.. a ,check sample is - Bible to canonize by following a good spray, apply. at , the rate of four of quality, taker` for grading.. If the goods are set of instructions but it is still bet- ounces in two or three gallons of improperly' marked they are held for �. - STANDARDS OF QUALITY. _ .. , ter to, have soineoae show you the! var- water; or •the .plants inay be' dusted proper marking; 1f improperly graded, 'Sous slips and supervise, your first at- with a mixture of ono pound: of •the' Four standards of ,quality have been 'they are held for proper marking,for tempt. material in five pounds of flour' or air- legalized', and; clearly defined, namely, °g ,ade r•ot3 et!wiee', Chey-are returned to After'the.birds are worked they aro slaked lime. - "Fancy Quality,” 'Choice Quality," the country of origin. Canadian Government Standards for Canned Fruits and Vegetables By C. S. McGillivray, Chief Canning Inspector production: Cross breeding has been marlcs and m dressing, the tali is left Act. They are administered respec- practiced in ,capon production 'to good on,.. also a ring' of feathers about the tively by the Department of health advantage Brahma and Cornish neclr, one on each hock, and the .wing and the Department of -Agriculture. males are commonly used and brei) to feathers from the last' joint to the tip. The Food, and Drugs Act deals with Rocks, Wyandotte arid Orpington fe-i Dry picking is demanded on most the purity,; wholesomeness and: weight males in order to secure greater: fe- cundity. markets handling capons. Dry -picked, of all food products, and is effective ;birds keep better and present a better, everywhere. in Canada. eundity. Pullets from such matings; t should be consigned to 'the block and appearance when' dressed than do the The. Meat arid Canned Feed Act not retained as breeders. The Medi- terranean breeds make poor capons. They do not attain sufficient size nor quality to make them of value on a scalded birds Ideals with the sanitary conditions of Turkeys are caponized to a. limited ,the plant. in. which- the food is menu - extent. They should be worked just�factured, the soundness of the raw as they begin to "shoot the red."The; material from which it is prepared, An establishment manufacturing either of the aforementioned products or exportor for interprovincial trade must first obtain a permit to operate This refers particularly to the remov- ers. The instruments required are: 1. Knife. plunger or lifting" rod is attached to used at the establishment. All em - 2. Dilaters. the left end. Thisrod just touches•Ployees handling food products in an 3. Probe. the door when it is closed. authorized establishment must be free 4. Removers. , r , By stepping on the plunger the door from tuberculosis or other communic- A sharp pocket knife will serve tbe, is lifted high enough for one to grasps able disease and must observe :such purpose very well if it is sharp. The it and open it. The plunger is near that sanitary regulations as the Depart - spreader or dilater is used to dilate baseboard and so entirely out of the ment may require. - the opening and ribs in order to per- way.—C. A. V. To see that these and other require - mit seeing and working. These are of several•'types'and have various 'means 1 of adjustment. Increased Consurnption of 'The probe should be flattened at one 4W Mills. tF'. tion, equipment and appliances. The number of the permit when granted must appear on all boxes, cases, etc. S'. Dissolve in boiling water Use enough to get a big lastiri' suds g Big lasting suds—one secret of Rinso's amaz- ing, maz- inpower to dissolve dirt. if you don't get lasting suds, you have not used enough Rinso. Soak an hour or more u"v uGwtorm. (Colored clothes only half an hour) After soaking, only the most soiled clothes a light rubbing with dry Rinso. Your clothes don't need boiling if you use Rinso. But, if you like to boil your 'white cottons, use enough Ririso solution to get the suds you like. Rinso is made by the largest soap makers in the world to do the family mash as easily and safely as LUX does fine things. need LEVER BROTHERS LIMITED TORONTO 8302 ../ 4-,_ uauw.mr » y mti nwe me l Our . Bogs C�9 and Work To® J By Frances Our boys love to camp, but until last summer we never figured out how they could camp and still do their share of the farm work. They had so fine a time that this year they intend to do it again. We had with us, Kent, a young city cousin of fifteen, who had been dan- gerously i11 in the winter. "Aunt Matty," said Kent one day, his face aglow, "why can't we camp over in the pines beyond the brook? It's a dandy camping plat-. We can make beds of boughs like we did last summer on overnight hikes, sleep there, cools our supper over the camp fire—I'm a crack cook—we'll sleep and get our breakfast there, tell stor- ies, and sing. It will be lots of fun. I can do that if I can't pitch hay or run the horse rake, "Don't know as it will do any harm," was my husband's assent. Then the Fletcher boys, Jack and Orville, from the farm below, wanted to join, and Billy Scott, an orphan lad. who worked at the Prescotts'. Six boys planned their camp. Kent' was, cook and councillor. He had had camping experience. He got D. Manning the supplies, arranged the packs for the boys to take over the first night, cooked a fine supper of roast corn and potatoes. Jack Fletcher brought up a three -quart can of milk as his share. After supper, when my dishes were done and I sat on the porch for a bit of rest, I could see the smoke of the camp fire, hear the twang of Kent's banjo, and the boys' voices as they sang. How they sang! Such a good time they hadi Every evening as soon as work was over the boys would hurry to wash up in the brook in real camp -fashion. Kent would be waiting for them with sup- per well started. Early in the morn- ing they'd take their dip in the swim- ming hole down the hill, then break- fast and off to work.' Except Kent, of course; he'd be fussing around the camp all day, though he'd come to the house for dinner. I thought they would tire of it, but they didn't. They kept it up all summer, only sleeping indoors on very rainy nights. It made things a bit easier for me, too. Kent got so well. And that motherlesi;:•lad, Billy Scott, said he never had had such a time in all his life. Don't allow a pig, once born, to just exist, but make a hog of him as soon as possible. Be sure to have the pigs on pasture. If you are not fortunate enough to have clover or alfalfa, June grass is: better than no pasture. It takes but a short time to grow a patch of rape or of oats and peas on which the pigs can be pastured very successfully. One thing of which you may be sure, you will get good pay for the time and ground used. At three weeks the pig should be eating shorts or ground feed and drinking niilk from a trough, They. will do better and so will their mother. Then, also, the pigs when weaned will not be given the usual setback. Make a small pen or runway that the pigs have access to at all times. Feed shorts, etc„ constantly. It said of certain farmers, "You never hear; his pigs squealing around." These farmers usually ,have hogs .:weighing' 200 pounds at six months of age, oftentimes more. Their slogan is, "plenty of good feed and fresh water at all times." Two two -hundred pounds hogscan be grown more economically than°can: one four Hundred -pound hog. Barring a poor market the pigs should go on the market at six months bf age. Some farriers have them` ready sooner but more not that soon. Far too many pigsare from nine to ten months' of age before they will weigh two hun- dred'pounds. - Not enough skim -milk, ground: feed, and good pasture, and lack of care has been their lot in life. If gi*en constant access to the proper; feeds tiie. hog cannot be over The worth of a thing is not indicat- ed by -the show it makes. The engine in a oar is more important than its glossy finish. c' Scientific experimentation ' show, that best results can be obtained by feeding an animal what he ought to have, instead of giving him what he wants. For ourselves, it night be stated that doing what we ought to do instead of doing what we want to dp, gives the best results. Galva nteed Copper -Waring. "Metallla" Shingles Fire, Llphtnfng, Rus& end Storm Proof - MeteRalliln, Wae !Roofster shed clean i Send Fos10,I Ghrd for $order '•It" The Metallic it flag Co.` Litrt6ted 404 1394' King St. W., Toronto �. For all flap omit.,-, Strains, sprains and pains, overworked mu5des, a twingeofrheumetisn all ofthem answers al once to Ken- dall's Specie :- Treatment. 'Kendall's' peneha. tea right to the sore spot - soothes, cools and heals. 'Kendall's Specie Treatment, known for snore than 40 years es Kendan'g Spavin Cure, fs econo- _ e,ield and close -no mussiness, no continued rubbing. no AsiC your druggist fora bottle today Girowing ;pigs as fast' as•possible is Eg the est economical in feed, time and labor used,. It aim helps .us to handle more h'ogs'each year, thus g}vng us a iofit onneater number: P ' .a g TREAT Pit E 'Says Sam; 'Talk is all right but y g 1: first of all,. take hold! ISSUE No. 25--'23. Your Dog in Suis caner Many peep) {, wl?ei1 tt ocCiut to them t0make the dop' n.�re cqn}turf able' m wnrnz wcatlte'r t+m1. cot 13 rt: one thing—clipping• Do tbticss -'shear• ing is advisable, under some condi- ' tions. ondi"tions. No defender of animals and their rights c nn approve the :" n im- rning' metbod5 practiced by many do fanciers—wherein climate, weather, kind of dog' and all other considera- tions are disregarded; for show pur- poses; but reasonable 'shearing dur- ing very warm weather is a great re- lief to the heavily -coated dog, who is, perhaps, living out of his natural habitat. ` The main thing is not to do a}in. his kind so late. in tlio seasonnyt1g, as to0ftrisk the discomforts of a possible premature cold spell. And whatever you do with the dog's coat, don't bob his tail; for it i.: his chief weapon; against flies and mosquitoes, I thins one of the most common causes of, suffering. from heat lies in the practice of following vehicles- especially motor vehicles' which usu- ally, go so much faster, than their drivers realize. By all tieoans'let the: dog ride if you are riding and the day is 'hot,. He may not submit willingly ,cit first, but he will soon become ac- customed , to it and learn to like it, I have often been surprised ;at the thoughtlessness of some sportsmen who let the dogs follow at a tiresome pace for miles to the hunting grounds, when they might just as well have been taken aboard the car so as to arrive fresh. A dog's kennel 'should be'iiioved to a cool place for the sum- mer'—preferably on a grassy spot. He likes to lieon a cool lawn and will eat a little: of the grass frequently when it is handy—with benefit to his digestion. The kennel must be well screened against flying parasites, should oper- ate with a both -ways swinging door so the ` dog can go and come at will, and must be cleaned and disinfected often. ' Brush the dog's coat.' every day and give him an occasional tepid bath. Four or five times a wealth, or even twice a week during ths'hottest weather, as a guard against fleas, rub in some of this mixture: Ong, pound of crown soap (English harnesh soap) and one ounce of powdered ciimphor. Be sure always to dry the ddg well. Don't have any unnecessary "har- ness" on the dog. If he must wear a collar, let it be narrow and light. A heavy, hot weight on the neck is bad enough any time, but a particular tor- ture in summer. Keep 'cool, fresh water where ` he can get it at all times. You and I know how important this. is, when we think of our own summer thirst. Cut down on his meat allowance and give cooling foods instead. A little meat is all right. Summer is the "fit season" for dogs, and while T do not wish to be extreme and say there is no hydrophobia, I do' want to remind you that there are different causes for fits, and that many dogs have been killed as "mad" when they were only III. If your dog has a fainting spell and foams at the mofith, don't let anyone kill him im-'. mediately. No matter how strangely he acts, do nothing rash; simply con• fine him till you can get the opinion and.. services:' of a real veterinarian, Do not listen to advice froli'i those who know no more about the matter than you do.—L. E. Eubanks. • Canada's Rivals ih Dairying. The Dominion Dairy, Commissioner, Mr. J. A. Ruddick, who with Mr. W, A. Wilson of Eegina, Saskatchewan, recently returned from a visit to New Zealand and Australia, states that New Zealand has made great progress in the dairy industry in. recent years. Many new factories have been built and many have been reconstructed.' and modernized. Australia too has made great advhnces, large factories,, as in New Zealand, being the rule, some ,of the creameries making as much as 800 to 1,000 'bones of butter a day. In New Zealand it is a small cheese factory that does not make 400 or 500' tons in a year. Mr. Ruddick ' is of opinion that Canada will meet much keener competition in the future in the matter of quality. and quantity of dairy products from these coun- tries than she has in the past. Re- lating to these facts it is interesting to note that the amount of batter graded in New Zealand in the month of December, 1922, was 9,758 tons, compared with 6,128 tons 'in the ,cor- responding month of the previous year, The total for - the last five. months of 1922 was 35,663 tont against 24,944 tons', in the same per- iod of 1921. Exports of Dairy Products. Canada exported 266,489 lbs. of butter vented at $118,884, and 562,400 Ilia, of cheese valued at $140,529 in the Month of March. The third inouth of the year is one of the smallest ex- porting months. 0f, the butter ex- ported, much was. destined for -Ber- muda and the West Indies, whereas the cheese nearly all went to the United `Kingdom. We also exported in th,, same month 174,286 tbs. of pewdered,Milk valued tit_$23,316, and 2,916,400 lbs. of 'condensed milk, val- ued :at. 1200,215• Of,../the' condensed milk' shipments, Russia took•' 110,000 lbs., the United Kingdom 424,600 lbs., the United States '702,400 )lis <Jo - make 165,000, lbs.,' Mexico '101,300 lbs., the Netherlands 150,200 lbs., and Cuba 132,000 lbs. ; Sone 164,300 of the powdered milk and 12$,400 lbs. - of the condensed milk` went to Ger- many.