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The Seaforth News, 1930-08-28, Page 7Pros and Cons of Consolidated Schools By Samuel Farmer, Pros. of Canadian School Trustees' Assn. As one travels through alio rural dis- 1 tricts, both good; bad and fair schotYls ; can be found. Some of them are in ex- :collent condition and are quite a credit 1 to the community others should make I tresteee who are responsible for them .ashamed; but apparently they do notI It must be quite a problem for three men to be entirely responsible for. the .upkeep of their local school. Always thereis the protest of thee° who look I upon the spending of money as an im-1 position that should not be'tolerated.l :Always there are those who consider I that what was "good enough" for Dad and Mother should be good enough for the youngsters. Recently this kind 01 argument was used by the trustees of a ochool, that had. not hada new floor for over fifty years. The inspector: pointed out that the trustees had made many improvements in their homes' .during that time; but the floor remain.: •ed about the same, except for the in-; evitable wear and tear which a school floor ' must endure, making knots into little hills surrounded by well worn valleys. The floor was renewed. Rural schools were generally first placed in such clearings ascontained :settlers of the more progressive type. When the forest was completely cut -down, it was often found that 'the :school had been built without relation to meeting the needs of the school population in the community. Some schools are close• together; some far apart. Seme•schoolshave a.big school population, others serve but very few •children. ' Because' of the comparative ly few people who are actually fn.' terested in. these little schools, it ire-' muently happens that they become neglected and ill-equipped. What is more to the point is the fact that in' many oases there is a duplication of educational plant that would be con- sidered quite unwarranted in any -other line o1 business. Consolidation of schools has, in many cases, proved to beahe way out sof these difficulties, and were the mat- ter of consolidation to be weighed wholly upon its merits we believe that this method of providing' school faeili-I ties for children would be the general practice, where roads and geographi- •cal conditions permitted of the con- solidation. That this is not the case and that consolidation might be term- ed. "unpopular" in rural Ontario-- these ntario—these are facts that must be admitted. Frankly, one is led to the conclusion i that the unpopularity- of consolidated l :schools. is due to two facts, one of which is. good, and the other of which is bad, ad The first fact is the undoubted loyalty of the people to their home .school. Itis theirs and they have note the slightest intention of giving it up.1 Were that loyalty to go a little further .and keep the schools in proper condi tion, there are cases where consolida- tion would bo unnecessary. The sec- ond fact is that sectional jealousy of- ten stands in the way of educational progress. The general arguments used against consolidation are these:. 1. The people lose control of their schools. 2. This is the first step to take the children off the farm. 3, It is too costly. 4. Transportation of children is both :difficult, expensive, and uupleasant for the children, If people would study the actual re- cords of the twenty-eight Consolidated Scheele in the province of Ontario, they would find that in the case of at least three of these arguments, the facts are to the contrary. Consoli- dated schools are very little more ex- pensive. Transportation is neither very difficult or expensive; and the trustees aro still the responsible con- necting link between the department of education and the ratepayers. The first argniaeat, that consoli- dated schools rob the people of local control, Is an entire misunderstanding . of this case. Where there are consoli- dated schools, there is nearly always a live community spirit, and the pride in the school and all that it represents. The inspector meets with the trustees of these school more frequently than is the case with the smaller schools. As is quite natural, he gives greater consideration to the larger school 'and has a pi'Ide in keeping It and its work in good' condition. More than that a consolidated school is much in the pub - tic .eye :and . everything that. goes on there Is common property. There, can neither be neglect of the school nor. abuse 'of "power, without the whole ,community knowing all about it. Taking the second argument, that the consolidated school' le the first, step to induce` the children to leave the farm; it must be remembered, that several other fadtors enter into. this Condition and that the school really has a minor partin the problem: Par- euts,'.who say that farming is one of the worst'occupations and that they, do not want to see their children have to work as hard as the old folke such Parents : are those who start the trek to the city. Parente who accept the services of their grown children with little or no pay are responsible fordissatisfaction and the determination to leave the Tarin, It is quite true that farming has its• problems and that it often happens that the profits are 'quite out of lceepirig with the labour involved in producing geode for market, In any case there is more opportunity to rem- edy unsuitable courses of study in a consolidated school than+there is in the; average one -room rural school. Please remember that troublee are not all to be found in rural district. Iii a future article the 'third and fourth arguments will be discussed and the figures given. Summer Stains It is Indeed a mercy that we wear washing . frocks so much during the summer mouths, for summer pastimes and' outdoor amusements seem• to ask for trouble. But some stains will not even come out with washing. Grass stains, fruit stains, tea stains, tar stains, all appear mysteriously from nowhere, but cannot be persuaded to vanish quite so mysteriously. Most of these stains should be treated before the frock is washed. Grass statue or any green plant stains should be treated with alcohol. The green coloring natter will then disappear and' the article should be wash ad. Bora± is invaluable for most fruit stains. Stretch the stained part tight over a snail basin of bot water. Sprinkle borax over the stain, allow it to get a little damp, thea rub gently round and round till the etain disap- pears. Tea status are easily removed 11 treated at once, and washed in the ordinary way. Old or stroug tea stains, like fruit status, generally re- spond to a little treatment with borax. Tar can generally be removed with benzol, With all stains, however, as prompt action as possible is advisable. A stain left to work its own sweet will, like a epoilt child, becomes obstinate. Umpire: "Take your base." Little Eph: "What bolt?" Umpire: "Why dat ball Mt yeas on de head." Little Epis: "Did' it?" Ideas in Advertising A new device for aerial advertising was denconstrated at PIanwortlt Air Park, England, recently. It consists of a banner trailed be - hied an aeroplane, and kept in one position and prevented from twisting or furling by means of a paravane. The legend on the banner could be clearly read from the ground when the plane was at a height of about 3,000 feet. All sorts of advertising ideas are used nowadays. A London (Eng.), firm of manufacturers of the new steel. furniture has arranged a window dis- play, which consists of a steel helmet, such as was worn by our troops in the trenches, in front, and behind it spec{- mens of steel chairs and so on. Attached to the steel helmet' is the legend: "Did good work in 1914," and to the furniture: "Doing good work to- day."---Answers, o-day." Answers. Bat -Line Glider Glider,' constructed by Hans Richter, after'deslgn of Herr Lilienthal, glider pioueer, with girl pupil at spot i.here Lilienthal was killed 50 years ago. Sunday School Lesson - turned upon him. No doubt it was aggravated•by some deep-seated men- tal disorder, an evil spirit from the Lord,' as it appeared to the men of that age. Again he sought to kill David, but David, aided by his wife BY ANNABELLE WOP.THTNGTON Michel, Saul's daughter, escaped and found refuge with Samuel at Ramah. -- Afterwards, we are told, thi.re was Illustrated Dressmaking Lesson Fur - What New York Is Wearing August 24. Lesson VIII—Jonathan and David (A Noble 'Friendship) = ' 1 Samuel 18: 1-4; 20: 14-17, 32-34, 41, 42; 2 Samuel 1: 25-27. Golden Text—A man that hath friends mustshew himself friendly. and there .is a friend that aticketh closer than a brother.—Proverbs 18: 24, another meeting with Jonathan and a ?deka 1 lv'rh Fvery Pattern passionate protest by David, "What have I done? What is mine iniquity? and what is my sin before thy father that he seelceth my life? It is true that David remembered and Jonathan also knew of Samuel's act of choosing and anointing David to be Saul's suc- cessor on the throne of Israel. Jon- athan might very well have aspired himself to such a position, but he chose to step aside and yield the suc- cession to his friend (see 23: 16-18), Jonathan at first refused to believe that his father still purposed the death of David, but was convinced by Saui's conduct at the feast of the new moon. Apparent! the king, his nuu- isters of state, and his chief cap.;tain were expected to be there. On the second day of the feast David's ab- sence was noticed by the king whose furious anger blazed forth against Jonathan when he endeavored to apologize for him. Meeting in secret before and after this feast the friends renewed their covenant and oath. III. A TRIBUTE OF LOVE, 2 Sam. 1: 17 - ANALYSIS I. A COVENANT OF FRIENDSHIP, 1 Sam. 18: 1-4; 19: 1-7. II. FRIENDSHIP PUT TO THE TEST, chap. 20. III. A TRIBUTE or LOVE, 2 Sani. 1: 17- 27. " INTRODUOP1oN—Jonathan first ap-; appears in the history as his father's lieutnant commanding the garrison in Gibeah his native place, and taking a leading part in daring and successful enterprises against the Philistine en- emy, 13: 3; 14: 1.16. Brave and gen- erous, beloved by his soldiers, he is quick to recognize in David a kindred spirit when he meets him after the slaying of Goliath, 18: 1-4. There is no finer example in literature or his- tory -of disinterested and loyal friend- ship. The character of Jonathan stands out with especial brightness, the very perfect, gentle knight, with- out fear and without reproach, the "friend that sticketh closer than a brother." 1. A COVENANT OF FRIENDSHIP, 1 Sant. 18: 1-4; 19: 1-7. The word "covenant" in the Hebrew language means a "bond." It appears often in the Old Testament, and is used of the voluntary agreement rati- fied by an oath into which men or na- tions enter with each other, or which, figuratively speaking,. a man or na- tion may make with God. The par- ties who en'.rr freely into such a bond or covenant become bound by every ollligation of truth and honor to keep it. such was the bond of friendship made between these two high-spirited and generous youths on the field where they had won so notable a vic- tory. And "the soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David, and.Jon- atiian loved him as his, own soul." It was a dramatic but'very sincere im- pulse of this warm affection which moved the young prince to duff his robe and bestow it upon the shepherd lad, "and his apparel, even to his sword, his bow, and his girdle." There are two stories told of Da- vid's first meeting with Saul. First, in 1 Samuel, chap. 16, where David is brought to the king as a "canning player on the harp," we are told that Saul "loved him greatly; and he be- came his armor -bearer." The second is the well known story of Saul's meeting with the young champion who volunteered to fight the giant Goliath. But now we read of David's growing popularity and Saul's jealousy (18: 6-16) a jealousy which, in the king's disordered mind, became a murderous hatred. It was at this time that Jon athan's friendship was put to the most severe test. Ile "delighted touch in David" and warned him of his father's purpose to kill him. At the same time she "spake good of David" to his father and pleaded David's cause so successfully that for a time Saul's jealous wrath was turned aside, 19: 1-7. 11. FRIENDSHIP PUT TO THE TEST, chap. 20. The reconciliation with Saul which Jonathan had effected did not last very long. Saul's jealous madness re - 27. Saul's last battle was fought in Mount Gilboa. , There Saul hint:,elf, Jonathan, and two other of Saul's sons, fell bravely fighting for the freedom of their country from the in- vading hosts of the Philistines. What- ever Saul's faults and failings as man and as king, they were, in some mea- sure at least, atoned for by the man- ner of his death. David remembered only his virtues and his former kind- ness, and paid his tribute of honor and of love to the dead in an ode of noble simplicity and power: "0 Judah, to your crying! 0 Israel, to your grief and woe! On your battlefields the slain are, ly- ing, and heroes, alas! fallen low. Saul and Jonathan, loved and lovely, never divided in life or in death! Swifter than eagles, stronger than lions! Jonathan slain on -rt field of battle, my heart is sore for you; 0 Jonathan, my brother! You were my dear delight; Your love for me was a wonder, far beyond a woman's love." —Moffat's Translation. Thoughts Thoughts are brief elusive things, Swift to conte, as swift to go, Like a butterfly's soft wings Flitting to and fro. Some are rosy -tinted, fair, Iridescent, golden"bright, Thoughts that mortals ill can spare, Each a pure delight. Some are gloomy, sullen, grey, Thoughts which sadden and oppress, Fret, disquiet, and dismay, ' Fill with fearfulness, Some are tender, kind, and sweet, Some are wise and some are vain— ,Good and bad alike they meet Iu a busy brain. —Answers. "You know, Martie, I wish I'd saved one of those old dollar bills just for fun,". "Oh, I thought, of that, I saved one." "Gee, where'd you put it so you wouldn't spend it " "In the bank, of course," Popular sports model Ibat Is un- questionably chic in printed linen in sailor blue and white colouring. The modern note is emphasized by plain white linen trim. Tuverted plaits at trent 01 the skirt give it length by carrying out ver- tical line. They also add sufficient flare without detracting- from its shin straight styling. Design No. 3499 can be had iu sizes 16, 1S years, 36, 38, 40 and 42 inches bust Ali the smart young things are choosing this model in baby blue flat washable crepe silk with white or- gandie • ontrast. Men's silk shirting, cotton pique print, sheer linen, shantung, printed batiste and printed dimity are ideal summery fabrics t0 select. HOW TO ORDER PATTERNS Write your name and address plain- ly giving number and size of such patterns as you wan5. Enclose 20c in s' amps or coin (coin preferred; wrap it carefully) -for each number, and address your order to Wilson Pattern Service, 73 West Adelaide St., Toronto. The modern type of light aeroplane has an average cruising speed of about ninety-five miles an holo'. Study of Soil Will Aid Farm industry Top Layer Passes Through Youth, Maturity and Old. Age New ,York.—The top layer of the soil„ in which most plants grow, me- lts through a protea Ofevolution broni youth, through maturity, to old age, according to .Dr, . F. Marbut, of the Bureau of Chemistry and Soils, U.S. Department of Agriculture.. Dr: afar - but, as a result of the surveys, points out that soil not only is a product of its euvironment,'but itt turn reacts up- on and determines the character" of its environment. "The forces residing in climate and organic life are largely the dynamic factors of the soil environment," he said. "During tate first stages of soil evolution the plants which grow in any location have more influence on the soil than the soil has on the plant. But later on the situation is reversed. "The adaptability of, a given region, therefore, for a given crop and the possibility of growing any variety of crop, especially the type of crops re- quired for economic conditions,• are all dependent on the characteristics of the soil," said Dr. Marbut. In the opinion of experts, the importance of governmental soil surveys as part of the activities of the Department: of Ag- riculture are quite evident. During the last twenty-five years the scientific' methods of soil. research have become standardized. Soil surveying in. North America and Europe consist .of research into the chemical and other characteristics of the soil and into their relation to their environment.' These surveys are expressed in the form of a map. "It is the only line of research in which the soil is studied in relation to the plant coverage and iu which a cor- relation is made between the char- acteristics and successful growth of 'given plants, and the characteristics of a given type of soil," he said. He declared it is desirable that there be conducted forest irrigation and pas- tural surveys to be used to classify public lands, as well as soil surveys for establishing international co-operation in agriculture. • Children Taught Farming in School Adelaide, S. Aust.—Elementary agri cutters is being taught in 190 South Australia schools, and there are 3280 children receiving instruction from 807 qualified teachers. , "There is no doubt that the practi- cal and experimental work done in the school gardens has a direct rela- tion to the more important primary industries of the State and to local re- quirements," Malcolm M. McIntosh, elinister of Agriculture, said recently. Mr. McIntosh says that another help- ful institution is the seed wheat col- lection competition. By this arrange- ment, children learn the advantages of collecting seed wheat each year, and at the same time reap the profit that may be made from an acre et crop. An increase has been shown In the number of schools at which agricul- ture is being taught. The number of project clubs and the amount of pro- jects worked have also increased. The agricultural course in the high schools is intended to stem the great drift to the city, encourage boys to go to the country and develop the land, and to influence those with a leauiug toward rural life. In primary schools, agriculture is being taught wherever suitable land is available for practical experimental work. "The age of our grandfathers is thought of as the Golden Age just be- cause of the effacing hand of time." —Emil Ludwig. "One ineide and one out," cried the busy conductor as the crowded 'bus pulled into the kerbside. A stout wo- man, accompanied by a smaller replica of herself, clambered on the first step. "Surely you wouldn't separate a moth- er from her daughter?"'she asked as the conductor motioned tate girl up- stairs. "Never again, lady," he suap- Ped, giving the bell a violent tug. "Never again, lady. I did it once and have been sorry ever since." ML I rr AND JEFF— By BUD FISHER )CFE,, GUS Geevem WAnirs To Solt- seas.) ouTalbcd gh 0. Wotvbe(2 WHAT tie WANTS? wItAT'S oN YOutc MIND, tilts CRoss woR-'•1 PuzzL'0 HAs me STUMPCb ANb y WANT You -ro Reif, ME Doha IT OUT Cross Word Puzzle Workers Jeff and Geevem Seem to be Squirrel VI SAYS Ttic tNoieb MeetasS SOMETHING THAI PUNS AND Hks Fou R L6TTERst THAts AN EASY otic: 11 8 NoT dAsY Ect5 tsrel uhf 0 TItc- Wo(b is NOSE! IAsy As ?le w11N 'teal kNow tiow! gr 71L' .,d '1 n:•. - 1111 III 11111 III 111111 •moi t' ;.n-. : , N t .•„'^dor �. -King's HigLiland Home Now 6 .711 A new attraction has been. added to the many "draws" Of the Sriottish Highlands. This summer' and Autumn, holidaymakers are to be able to see, on payment of one shilling (25o). Bal tan mo¢relhomegire. their eir MajestyMajesty's' High - Previously, a written permit was necessary in order to see the castle and its beautiful grounds. Now it has been arranged that visitors will be ad- mitted at certain hours .on Tuesdays and Thursdays.The money taken goes to a local charity. In one way,. Balmoral may prove dis- appointing to a number of vieitors. It is a comparatively modern budding, dating from 1856, and rather smaller than most people have expected from the pictures of it: One Policeman on Duty Rut the, scenery round it is wonder- ful. Queen Victoria, who loved the place, has described the view from the hill above the house in memorable pin uses, Balmoral itself Queen Victoria des- cribed as "our dear Highland home." She livedsimply there—"without any state whatever," as one visitor re- marked. "The whole guard of the Soverign and Royal Family is a single policeman, who walks about the grounds." At first the Royal Family lived in the old house which wit standing when the Prince Consort acquired the, estates, and which any Cabinet Minis- ter, who visited it, dismissed 'contempt- uously as "an old country house in bad repair, and totally unfit for Royal .per- sonages," IIis room was so small that be bad to write his dispatthes on his bed. Soon afterwards, the present castle was built—very largely to the Prince Consort's design. But its keynote, lire that of the old one, was simplicity, au l the simple way of life which Qaeeu Victoria' preferred has always beth maintained when the Royal Family is In residence on Deeside. The Royal living -rooms are in t :.i west side of the castle, looking: out towards the distant hills.—Aneue. Cheap Flying Rates In Chile Capiirl The Aero Club to Santiago bas it- trotluced a scheme whereby wi h ,r.,.• eminent assistance It is possible to learn to fly at moderate charge.,. Chilean may enter the club for its, sons on payment of 100 pesos (twelve American dollars) a year. Many Young society women are taking ad- vantage of the opportunity, and e number have acquired airplanes of their own. Cutipted with this is the announce- ment that the Curtiss-Wriglit Corpor- ation of America is to erect a plane factory in Santiago with a capacity to build fifty machines a year. tis first order—one for twenty planes— has been placed by the Chilean Gov- ernment, it being stipulated that the company undertake not only to use. Chilean labor as niuolt as possible, but to teach local 'melt the nreeltanics. of the airplane. In accordance with this plan, twenty.flve Chilean work- men have already left for the United. States, where they will be .taleen in hand by skilled American mechanics. They will return to Chile to take over responsible jobs in the Curtiss-Wright toctory. Tt is President Ibanez's declared policy to develop Chile's air possibili- ties to tlia' utmost. He looks upon the airplane as of great importance to Chile, for without it, the propect of spanntug north and south with com- munications would have been a diffi- cult one. Arabs and Moors Perish In Sahara Sandstorm Casablauca,Mo rocco.—Tho Western Sahara Desert, where caravan trails cross "the land of thirst and fear," was recently in the grip of the most severe heat wave of a decade. A temperature 01 152 degress Fahrenheit and burning, sand -laden winds were fatal even to some of the most experienced native travelers in the vast stretch of sand south of Morocco, Travelers reaching outposts from the desert region reported many deaths among Arabs and Moors, due to heat and sandstorms carrying clouds of scorpions and hairy spiders. Ad- vices said many fatalities were due to the break up of caravans in the In- tense heat, which caused camels- to gallop madly across the sands until they fell dead. The heat was reported so intense tbattwaves rose with rebounding force off the ground, carrying sand which formed in clouds and was blown north- ward by winds from the Sirocco re- gion. Natives whose caravans were left without camels and often without water faced a walk of many miles across the desert, where ant a blade et grass may be seen for some 500 miles. Usually the stranded natives would lie on the ground, covering themselves with their burnouses to await eithii death or a switch in the wind., Authorities Here said the heat wave was particularly dlsastrous because it tiva5 prece4tr{t y a top cltought }vj�i inert up most bvoters lutes fujd'evdn the stagnant pools. Iewho lives w tltout a delirias put+• pose achieves no higher enc" than to serve as a warningto otlterded4 Kemble;