The Seaforth News, 1961-10-19, Page 6Dinner For Eight
• Weights, .'One Pound
blow wotfld you like .to have
a one-year's•supply offull-Course
dinners and lunches - on..your
kitchen shelves in ordinary
room temperature—dried foods
that you could "reeonstitute" in
15 minutes simply by putting
them into water? These Are com-
ing, The new freeze-dried foods,
which need no refrigeration, will
soon be seen in all food stores,
and in a most tempting variety:
single items like steaks, scram,
bled eggs, vegetables, as well as.
full -course dinners.
A freeze-dried steak will look
almost like an ordinary steak,
but you will be surprised when
you take it in your hand.- it will
be very light because all the
water except the last one per
cent will have been evaporated.
When you soak it in water, it
will change in a few minutes to
a regular steak, like the one
your neighbor bought al the
food market the same day. And
your family will probably not be
able to taste any difference.
Of course, dried foods were
already known in World War II,
but who liked them? A com-
pletely different process is now
employed. The food is first
frozen, and then placed in cham-
bers with a high vacuum. All
air is taken out of the chamber
except the last 1/300. This low
pressure corresponds to the pres-
sure our astronauts find at a
height of 28 miles above the
earth. At this low pressure the
ice crystals in the frozen food
will be "sublimated," disappear-
ing from the food. That means
that the ice crystals will be
changed directly to water vapor
without first going into the form
of liquid water, just as solid car-
bon dioxide (Dry Ice) will sub-
limate into carbon dioxide gas
without first becoming liquid.
If food is dried in the old-
fashioned way,• without being
frozen first, the cell walls burst
and the taste will be inferior,
The new process keeps the cell
walls intact, and the taste is
fully comparable to that of froz-
en food, The great advantage is,
however, that freeze-dried food
needs no refrigeration, but can
be kept at ordinary room tem-
perature for years.
The packing Must be light-
proof and airtight in order to
preserve the flavor. If a package
is broken, the food will begin to
absorb water from the air, and
in a short time it will begin to
decay. A lamination of alumin-
um and plastic foils is being
successfully used.
it all began in Denmark in the
'40's, when a Danish manufac-
ture: of refrigeration units, Atlas,
-Inc„ built a vacuum -drying plant
for Norwegian Pressfish, a com-
pany in A,lcsund, Norway. Al-
though tin: plant had no freez-
ing components, the product was
far better than what was known
among food technologists at that
time, and an official British
delegation. scouting Europe for
now tint processes, declared that.
this uta:, the most important de-
velopment they had seen. They
contracted for a plant to be built
by Atlas, Inc., at the Experimcti-
tal Faet'ty of the British Minis-
try ut Food in -Aberdeen, writes
lumen Gabe in the Christian
Sonnies M011ii0r.
NOW LIle hall was rolling. The
Per, sorer engineers at Atlas dis-
cocetecl that freezing food before
it was vaenun-dried would solve
a it r, at many problems that the
lt,ud industry had battled with
for }'art'. Atlas continued to
improve the method under the
expert leadership of Dr, EU rup
Petersen, who was invited last
year to lecture on freeze-drying
at E. large incluitry-military
meeting in Chicago. Also other
manufacturers the world over
have made. contributions to the
efficiency of the process.
Freeze-dried foods have been
in production for a few years
but why have they not reached
the food stores? The answer is:
Because the demand from the
armed forces, from institutional
kitchens, from explor'er's and
campers has been ousels larger.
than the few factories could
supply, and it has been impos-
sible to supply the supermar-
kets too.
Freeze-driedfoods were used
by Sir Edmund Hillary in con-
quering Mount Everest and by
Sir Vivian Fuchs in crossing the
Antarctic, because a package
weighing 9 pounds will expand
to 25 pounds of various foods
when reconstituted in water, As
99 per cent of the water has been
taken out, a dinner for eight per-
sons weighs slightly above 1
pound.
Both U.S. federal and state
civil defense authorities have
dried foods to stock private and
shown great interest in freeze -
public fall -out shelters. It must
be remembered, however, that
water is a must in preparing a
meal from a package of freeze-
dried food; so it would be nec-
essary to stock a shelter with
canned water for use with the
freeze-dried .items, should the
normal water supply be cut off.
At present the Canadian or
American homemaker is a little
behind her European sister. As
the process started in Denmark,
it is not strange that homemak-
ers in that country and in other
European countries should be
the first to serve food made
from freeze-dried items. For
quite a little time the Europeans
have been able to buy a limited
number of precooked, freeze-
dried dinners, and on a some-
what larger scale, the process
has been used for meat chunks
in dried soups.
Will the refrigerator be oh-
solete in a few years? Probably
not, but maybe we can do with
smaller models. Many believe
that freeze-dried food is the food
of the future.
WE WILL BET ON THE
PIGEONS OR STARLINGS
To protect buildings and prop-
erty from the depredations of
birds, a California firm is mar-
keting a compound that scares
them by "upsetting their py-
sche." Scarecrow Strips is a
soft, colorless plastic gel squeez-
ed from a tube into a pencil -thin
strip that is laid along a ledge
or any other area where birds
are likely to land. As the bird
moves around, the gel strip
exerts a small, clinging pres-
sure. This "sets up a feeling of
insecurity" in the bird, causing
him to fly off in a hurry, The
maker claims the compound will
not deteriorate in the hottest or
coldest weather, and is effective
for about one year.
MISS CANADA — Nina Holden,
of Victoria, British Columbia, has
been named "Miss Canada." Or-
iginally runner-up, she was ele-
vated to first spot when judges
disqualified Connie -Gail Feller.
FAST MONEY—Europe-bound lady travelers. Sylvie Courbe, left,
and Fran Manglcavallo are delighted by the quick action of
the electronic foreign currency dispenser in an airline's office
at New York's Idlewild Airport. They could receive, for example,
220 Belgian francs after inserting a five -dollar bill by pushing
the right button for the foreign money. It holds five different.
currencies.
TABLE TALKS
elan Andsews
Several years ago, an enter-
prising club group of homemak-
ers in Halifax undertook to run
a tea-room, When the subject of
menus came up for considera-
tion, it was decided to serve
bowls of fish chowder for lunch
on Fridays. Each member of the
committee -in -charge had a fa-
vourite recipe for this typically
Maritimes dish. Ideas were pool-
ed, tests were conducted, and the
following recipe emerged as the
overall favourite. Try it some-
time for lunch or supper. A big
steaming bowlful makes a nour-
ishing main course dish,
EAST COAST FISH CHOWDER
2 pounds haddock fillets
?i pound fat salt pork
1 medium onion, chopped
3 cups sliced potatoes
2 cups water
1 quart fresh mills
?{, cup evaporated milk
8 soda crackers, crushed
3 tablespoons butter
2 tablespoons chopped parsley
2 teaspoons salt
Pepper
Cut fish into bite -sized chtmks.
Dice fat salt pork finely and fry
until crisp and brown. Remove
pork scraps from the pan, drain,
and reserve for a garnish. Fry
onion in hot fat until tender but
not browned. Add potatoes and
water. Cook until the potatoes
are tender, Add fish; simmer
gently for 5 to 10 minutes, or
until the chunks will flake,
showing they are cooked. In an-
other saucepan, combine milk,
crackers, butter, parsley, and
seasonings. Heat, but do not al-
low to boil. Combine with cook-
ed fish rod potatoes. Blend well
and heat gently for a few min-
utes longer. Serve sprinkled with
crisp, pork wraps. Makes 8
servings.
Note: The secret of success
with this recipe lies in the slow
cooking. Incidentally, if a whole
fish rather than fillets is avail-
able, it is an improvement to
simmer the head and bones of
the fish and use the strained
cooking broth in place of water.
Sprawled across the broad
surface of Ontario are many
lakes, rivers, and streams. Most
important of these from the
standpoint of the commercial
fishermen are the Great Lakes.
Oddly enough, Lake Erie, the
shallowest and second smallest
W '..E"NERS WALK—One of the mourners stopped to put a floral tribute on the casket of U.t
Sec. Gen. Day HJmmarskjold, as other mourners paid their respects in NdoIa, Norihede
f24a; ecia.
of the Great Lakes, produces
from 50 to. 75 per cent Of On-
tario's annual catch of fish and ,
contains more varieties than any
other body of water in the pro-
vince,
Within the past decade, an im-
portant smelt fishery has been
developed on Lake Erie. A fa-
vourite way of cooking these
small fish is pan frying. Fried
tomatoes make a delightful ac-
companiment.
SMELT -TOMATO FRY
2 pounds smelt
1 egg, beaten
2 tabespoons milk
1 teaspoon salt
1 cup dry bread crumbs,
cracker crumbs, or flour
4 large tomatoes, sliced
1 teaspoon sugar
1 teaspoon salt
2 tablespoons finely chopped
parsley
Thaw fish if frozen. Trim off'
heads and tails. Clean and wash.
Combine egg, milk and salt. Dip
fish in egg mixture and roll in
crumbs. Pan fry in fat which
is very hot but not smoking.
When fish is brown on one side,
turn carefully and brown on
other side. Drain on absorbent
paper. Remove to a heated plat-
ter, and keep warm.
When fish are cooked, drain
and clean frying pan. Heat an
additional tablespoon or two of
fat in it. Sprinkle tomato slices
with sugar and salt. Fry in hot
fat for 1 minute on each side.
Garnish with a sprinkling of
finely chopped parsley. Place on
platter with fish. Serve immedi-
ately. Makes 6 servings.
Large numbers of yellow pick-
eral and perch are caught in
Ontario's lakes and rivers. They
are delicious broiled with a bar-
becue sauce, like this:
BARBECUED FILLETS
2 pounds perch or pickerel
fillets
12 teaspoon salt
cup melted butter
2 tablespoons lemon juice
?a cup tomato ketchup
1 teaspoon Worcestershire
sauce
2 tablespoons minced onion
is teaspoon dry mustard
t, teaspoon salt
Thaw fillets if frozen. Season
with ?i teaspoon salt. Place skin -
side down in a single layer an
a greased broiler rack. Combine
and heat remaining ingredients
listed to make a barbecue sauce.
Brush fillets well with the mix-
ture, Place under broiler, 'hav-
ing top of fish 2 to 3 inches
from source of heat, Broil 3 to 5
minutes, Baste again with sauce
but do not turn, Continue to
broil 3 to 3 minutes longer, or
until fish flakes easily on test-
ing with a fork. Cooking tune
will vary with thickness of fil-
lets. Remove fillets carefully to
a heated platter and pour re-
maining hot sauce over them.
If desired, garnish with sprigs
of parsley. Makes 6 servings.
Cooked breaded fishery pro-
ducts, such as fillet portions and
fish sticks, find favour with On-
tario's busy homemakers, These
products become quite special
when complemented with a pi-
quant, sweet and sour sauce such
as the following:
PIQUANT PORTIONS
1 cup canned pineapple juice
1 tablespoons sugar
2 tablespoons vinegar
14 teaspoon salt
1l tablespoons cornstarch
2 tablespdon cold 'water
its cup canned pineaippie tidbits
or shopped canned pineapple
!a cup chopped green peper
Combine pineapple juice, vine -
ISSUE 41 1061
gar, sugar, .end salt. Heat to sim-
tncring temperature, Blend corn-
starch with water and stir into
hot mixture. Cook, stirring con-
stantly, until thickened and.
cloudiness . disappears. Add pine
apple tidbits and green pepper.
Cook 3 minutes longer, Serve
over 1 to 2 pounds heated fillet
portions, or fish sticks.
* w
According to a recent survey,
Ontario's farm ho in can a k ers'
serve more canned fish than they
do fresh or frozen fish. Salmon
isone of our most. popular can-
ned fish varieties, and one of the
most popular canned salmon
dishes is the salmon loaf, easily
prepared as. described.
SALMON LOAF
1 can (151/ ounces) salmon
1 cup liquid (salmon liquid
'plus milk)
1yz cups soft bread crumbs
% cup chopped celery
1 teaspoon grated onion
t/ teaspoon salt
Dash pepper
2 teaspoons lemon Juice
2 eggs, beaten
Drain salmon, saving liquid.
Add milk to salmon liquid to
make 1 cup total measure. Flake
the fish, Combine all ingredients,
Place in a well -greased loaf or
pan or baking dish. Bake in a
moderate oven (350 degrees F,)
for 1 hour, or until loaf is firm
in center. Let stand for 5 min-
utes before unmolding on a
heated platter. Serve plain or
with a sauce. Makes 6 servings.
Idle School Plants
Too Expensive
So the colleges must, if
they are to care for the mount-
ing tide of students, use their
plants more efficiently. The pub-
lic schools should eliminate
non -essentials from their curri-
cula, and for the benefit of tea-
chers who want larger salaries,
the school year should be leng-
thened, It is cheaper to buy air
conditioning for June and July
than to permit the school 'plant
to stand idle. More intelligent
and imaginative use of teaching
aids, mostly mechanical devices,
is needed for the training of pu-
pils. These are the responsibil-
ities of all concerned — parents
and school boards, but especially
superintendents, principals and
teachers—By Raymond Moley in
NEWSWEEK
Rhinos
TrctnquilixerGet J
To protect rhinoceroses from
being wiped out by nativesand.
big -garde h u it tars large-scale
round -ups have been organized
in South Africa so that the beasts,
can,be transported to safer pine
reserves. But at first the -rhinos
often resisted attempts to drug
them and charged their would-
be captors,
On one occasion, an infuriated
beast turned nn. a man who fired
a drugged dart add tramped
him, inflicting serious injury.
Other rhinos smashed their
trucks,
But now, says the Natal Parks'
Genie and Fish Preservation
Board at Maritzburg, :hose days
of danger are over due ;t a
greatly improved drugged dart.
The Board has recently trans-
ferred two white rhinos from rhe
Umfolzi game reserve in Zulu-
land to a better protected and
more spacious reserve at Mituzi,
This involved a journey of 500
miles, and neither rhino had to
be hog-tied in case of a sudrien
revival. They trace" ed quite
peacefully in unrc;i:d .rates In
"Operation White R', ne,' the
syringe fired by a gun into the
animal, contains three rep:ate*te
drugs.
The first causes the snima• to
go down. It takes sense minutes
to work, but expert:using ;n:.w
that even the torr_he t iniac :r til
go down within fifteen mon +es.
The second drug :ndiues r.m-
nesia, so that the animal ha; no
memory, even a sabcons.-': us
one, of what occurs while ;+ is
powerless, and the :bird dr its;
acts as a tranquilizer,
Says the Board: "This mixture
represents a great advance on
drugs tried earlier," It has
effect on the rhino's breathing,
and the safety margin is wide.
Animals are not seriously dis-
turbed either by an overdos, or
underdose.
Indeed, the two white rhinos
recently moved began browsing
quite unconcernedly almost from
the moment they recovered front
the drug
Q. How can 1 clean the inside
of a deep vase or jar?
A. You can usually make a
good job of this by adding bits
of wrapping paper to warm
soapy water and shaking the.
vase or jar well. Ammonia in
the rinse water makes the glass
more brilliant.
Fashion Hint
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