The Seaforth News, 1950-04-06, Page 3Ice That Drives
Strong Men Mad
The runt 01 the world is pertu-
hneutly clad las lir, The fee Cap of
t:recnland, in places 9,000 feet Odd.,
rovers (t higeer area t'hau \'\'esteq'
Europe and is continually spewing
glaciers acro the frozen sea• •ice
bergs by the thousand. Spitsbergen
tied the waters of Arctic Siberia add
to this profusion of ice, much of
which drifts into the .North At
tenths
Mid-Octo1 er sees an icy pulp
iortning on the fjords of Northern
Siberia. 'Then, suddenly, the mere•
rry chops fo- 70 below and—bang;
—an icy vowing is whisked across
the ocean. :11 thickens every sec.
and until, in half an hour, it is a
foot duel,. 'Where .currents are
strong, the movement of the water
defeats the colt, But not for long.
The channels of open Tater formed'
by the currents graduals; narrow
and disappear.
Roar Like 1,000 Guns
Inside 12 !tours, the ice is foto'
feet thick. And when the tide be-
gins to rise, a roar like a thousand
guns boosts across the Arctic. Such,
at least, is the case in the New Si-
berian. Islands, off Northern. Siberia.
Here the tide rises and fills as
touch as 40 feet, and when it rises
after the "freeze-up" the world
semis to go toad,
The sea presses beneath the ice
which resists at first—then suddenly
gives way. With a tremendous
thunderclap, the air compressed he-
tweeti the sea and its icy crust
bursts out, flinging into the air
blocks of ice the ize of a house,
jets of sea water follow the escap-
ing air, pouring across the surface
of the ice, adding feet to its thick,-
Less,
hick-ness,
Once again, the tide falls and
rises, As it drops, the ire is left
suspended across the fjords until,
unable to support itself, it crashes
ilito - the sea which, exposed to the
air, freezes again --the old ire and
the new forming a contorted mass
perhaps 20- feet thick. Then the
tide begins to rise again, pressing
upwards. harder and harder until
race again it bursts through, fling-
ing immense blocks of ice 0n - to
the shore with the uproar of a vol-
canic eruption.
"I've seen amt, go mad. at such
thins," says Jan Wetzel, a trader
who lives in the New Sigerians.
"Seen them run along the shore
waving their arms and yelling with
fear until they fall froni cshaust-
ion."
For.seveu mouths the sun i$ but
a memory. But with the return of
spring, its warmth melts the ice
sufficiently for tide, current and
Wind to break it tip,
Late last century, expl,rers de-
eqided that the currents that carry
,the floes of Siberia, Spitsbergen
and Greenland into the North At-
lantic could be used to carry a strip
very close to the Pole, The Amer -
lean explorer, Commander G. de
Long, was the first to test this
theory. For two years, his ship, the
jeanette, drifted towards the North
Pole, at times with pack -ice piled
against her to the level of the decks.
But the pack crushed her, leaving
her crew to die on the frozen sea
150 miles froth the New Siberian
Islands.
But the icy fate of the Jeannette
did not dissuade others from fol-
lowing in her track. In 1894. the
Norwegian, Nansens allowed his
sine, the Frain, to be frozen -in not
far from where the Jeannette had
perished.
Day after day, the Fran drifted
towards the North Pole. When she
had reached the most northerly
7mnit of the current, Nausea low-
ered sledges and dogs on to the
floes and set out with a companion,
Jolianssen, He was a brave man,
Ile kuety he could not hope to find
his ship again, for she was drifting
01 an unknown direction, It knew
lie would have to make itis way to
stud as best he could.
Ships Lifted Forty Feet
When finally forced to tarn
back, he headed for Franz Josef
The Manassa Mauler Shows 'Ern How—(tick Dempsey-, • former world's Ilea yvweight Inir;tng
champion, is keenly interested in all welfare work. During his recent visit to Toronto lie called
Variety ariety Village, vorational training school for crippled children. '1'lte School is operated
by -the Toronto Variety Club; the wart is One of the activities of the Ontario Society for
Crippled Children which is conducting it annual Easter Seals campaign for funds Mauch- 13 -
April 9. The boys with Dempsey arc, from left: 'Wilfred Ilombroskie, Renfrew; Bob Ken-
nedy, Toronto; Donald Brennan, Ottawa and Donald Orr, Sault Sts'. Marie. Donathllis may be
sent to Timmy, Toronto,
Ialalld, 5 sledge -journey which only
one of his huskies survived. There,
he and his companion also would
have died if they had not stet mem-
bers of a British expedition. Back
in Norway again, Nausea learned
that the Frain had survived. She
was lucky, for the power of the
floes is such that they have lifted
a ship 40 feet out of the water,
Such was the experience of the
Intrepid, ouc of the ships that
searched for Sir jots Franklin's
Erebus and Terror. The ice, con-
verging on her hull, piled -beneath
lter until she. was 39 feet "above
sea level," Huge loose. blocks -top-
pled to her decks. Ilcr crew
thought the end had come --when
the pressure suddenly relaxed and
the ice fell, away, all but two pil-
lars, one under her stow, the other
snider the stern,
Then her skipper, Cap,. Cator,
did something that no seaman had
«one before—or will do again.
Swinging over his ship's side, he
walked the length of the ship under
the keel. Ten minutes later, he
clambered aboard again to report
that she had suffered little damage,
just before the two ice pillars col-
lapsed and the ship fell into her
natural element!
Every Man Perished
The Erebus and the 'Terror (in
which Frauklia tried to fled the
North -\West Passage) had sides 17
inches thick, Evert so, when ice
trapped them in a fjord in the ex-
treme north of Canada, it crushed
them. Every man on board—there
were 105—perished, but the two
ships Were yet to make another
journey. When ultimately the ice
broke tip, it carried them nearly
3,000 miles along the north coast of
Canada, down into the North At-
lantic. There they Were seen by
the company of the Renovation,
heeled over on the pack ice, their
sides gaping.
Similar tales have come; out of
the Arctic during recent tears,
The Russians' lost silt, ships in
six months before the last war. A
Norwegian scaler, caught in 'the
spitzbergen flocs, was carried right
round the island before, after 10
months in the grip of the pack, she
foundered with all hands. Last
spring, six sealers were crushed
while sealing off Labrador, New-
foundland and Greenland.
During one period of I0 • years,
70 ships—Russian, :Norwegian, Ca-
nadian, American—were destroyed -
in the grind of pack -ice of in col-
lision with 'bergs,
•leudship Wins •-1+tMilk. the
railroad yards evidently 1l'iuutpl
adopting this fearless mouse int
Rtmutegate birth to a tiller of
up and made
mother cat who lives at the
led over her baser instincts in
o her household, Shortly after
kittens, the wee loottse turned
itself al horse,
Wayward "Oscar" -- Aircraft
worker, Bruce Kierman, 20, is
the holder of an "Oscar," but
he didn't win it for acting.
Kier:.'an found the coveted
statuette about nine years ago.
Despite demands of the Aca-
demy of Motion Picture Arts
and Sciences to surrender the
statuette, Kiertnan held onto it,
and every- year around Aca-
demy Award time he wonders
who lost or threw away his
"Oscar."
Life Amongst
A Million Seals
Charles Mulvey, a Canadian ex -
barrister who has travelled widely
in North West Canada recently
gave a BBC talk on his experiences
on the Pribolofs, a group of islands
in the far North Pacific. These
islands are the only mating grounds
of the great fur bearing seal herd.
They are almost fogbound in sum-
mer ,and one morning as Mulvey
groped along the bare, boulder
strewn shore he heard a deep -
throated roar and through the fog
sew a giant seal, six feet long and.
weighing about seven hundred
l.ounds; lumbering by, Front a safe
distance he watched the great creat-
ure se tug his head to and fro,
growling and snarling vindictively
told threatening any nearby seals.
In the second week of May hund.
reds of -brill seals conte le the is-
lands and each adepts a territory
which becomes his herein during
the mating season, The best posy.
Bans, nearest to the. wiser, are
the property of the fiercest fighters
and when the fog lifted, Mulvey
Watched many of these awesome
territorial battles, A seal would •
take ep a- position, aootlie, would
fancy it and charge with roaring
challenge, to be suet by the first
seal wi111 teeth bared and powerful
neck thrust out. Mulvey described
these fights as the most vicious he
had ever seen and at tinges he
iurned away in horror praying that
something. might intervene to stop
theist. fiut the end eoutes only with
, complete victory for the stronger
seal,
During the battle period the fe-
males •have been coming front the
South Pacific, where they bask
happily during the winter. In May
they feel an irrestible urge to go
back to mate -en the islands where
they were. born, The sea is dotted
for miles with their !leads as these
lovely little seals, only two and a
. half to three feet long and weighing
about eighty pounds, come gently
to what Mulvey described as "two
months of the most hellish form
cf domesticity that the female of
any species has ever experienced."
As the females swim in the bulls
are ranged along the shore to meet
theist, cooing to' attract them. A fe-
male approaches the bull of her
choice and is picked up as though
she were a kitten and carried to
the harem, She is left there while
her husband goes to collect other
wives, for although the young bull
seal takes only one or two, the
mature bull may take a hundred.
Bull seals attain maturity• at seven
but mate from the age of four,
when they develop a mace of light
yellowish hair. For the two and a
half months of mating season they
never eat and seldom sleep, Tltey
spend their entire time in their
harems and when they leave the
islands an emaciated wrecks, com-
pared with the dusty giants they
were in mid-May. Young bachelor
seals live away from the harems
and cautiously make their way to
the sea through special lanes be-
tween them, for trespassers are torn
to pieces. Ivfulvey spent a great
deal of time in these neutral lanes,
studying the seals and watching
the mothers caring for their babies,
for within a very short time of
landing the females give birth to
the young conceived in the pre-
vious year, I'Ie watched the young
bachelors playing' together in the
sea with an amiability that leaves
them when they become mature and
grow into "thugs, wife•bcaters and
all round domestic tyrant:;."
These seals' pelts are unlike any
others and are thick, soft and lus-
trous with great commercial value,
I0 the middle of the last century,
when the Herd ntimbered :between
three and five• million, the seals
were slaughtered with hicious fero-
city and in fifty years their numbers
were reduced to about two hundred
and ti£ty thousand. Now the islands
are controlled by the United States,
coastguard cutters escort the Herd
on migration and when it is in
residence patrol the surrounding
waters. No. one is allowed to land
on the islands without permission
from Washington and no ships are
Permitted to call. Only a certain
number of seals are killed each
year and these are all three year
old bachelors, for old bulls' skins
ere scarred by fighting and females
are ken for breeding. '
Industry
:1 woman visiting der,' ay was
amazed at the enormous rocks in
the valley where site was staying.
"Wherever do they all conte
from?" she ass ed a local inhabi•
tent,
"'Che • glacier ' brought them
down,'' he explained.
"But where's. the glacier?"
"Gone back for more rocky," was
the reply,
TAW etll aero In
1 Ile Middle Ages
Xrutk were unknown until the
tittle of Elizabeth and even then
were regarded as foreign and ef•-
£eminate The problem of wash -
tag ftp was largely solved by having
no plates, .Instead, a thick slice (a
tranche) of bread was laid before
each guest. On this the meat was
placed and the gravy soaked down
into the bread. The charitable, and
the 'well-fed. tool: care to leave at
least a little of this bread at the
end of the meal. It was then scram-
bled for by the scalllous and what
they did not eat was given to the
poor at the gate... ,
The medieval cools had quite an
array of tools. As early as the sec-.
old half of the twelfth century we
find Alexander Nerkhaul, enumer-
ating, in addition to pot; with their
trivets or tripods and their p01 -
sticks mid pot -hooks, a mortar and
pestle, a frying pan, a grid -iron, a
posuet fir saucepan, a saucer (that.
is a vessel for nixing sauce), a hand -
mill, a pepper -still, and au inst'u.
stent for producing breadcrumbs.
Ile also mentions a special table
for chopping and nixing herbs and.
vegetables. It is plain that evert
at this remote period the culinary
art was capable of many elabora-
tions, .
These pontes were naturally coli -
fined to the houses of the aristoc-
racy, but the burghers who grew
wealthy towards the end of the
medieval period, if they lacked
something of knightly ceremony,
certainly knew how to furnish their
tables, In the Cent nouvelles Nou-
velles (which may be taken to re•
fleet manners common to both
England and France) we read of
the widow of a mercltattt setting
before a single` guest a dinner con-
sisting of soup, bacon, tripe, and a
roasted ox -tongue, followed by a
piece of salt beef and some choice
mutton. As her guest devoured all
these slie called for a ham, and
when this had vanished, for cheese
and a dish of tarts and apples. To
our modern "rationed" appetites this
would seem to constitute a very
handsome repast.
It was customary to wash before
beginning a meal, and favoured
guests had a ewer of water, a bowl,
and a towel brought to them by two
servants. Less important people
were expected to wash before sitting
down and for this purpose lavours
or lavatories were provided some-
times in the hall itself, sometimes
outside. A few of these lavatories
have survived in the cloisters of
cathedrals. When the guests were
seated the servants spread cloths
over the tables, placed 00 them the
salt -cellars and, in later times, the
knives. Spoons were also provided
when the nature of the food seemed
to render theist necessary.
One very curious feature of me-
dieval table -manners is mentioned so
often in the metrical romances that
there can be little doubt of its being
a universal custom. Guests were
seated at the tables in pairs with
only one plate between them out
of which they were both expected
to eat. , The placing of guests
must also have offered considerable
opportunity for the exercise of tact
by the lady of the douse.—From
"The Character of England," edited
by Ernest Barker.
AU From Seaweed
1''1001 t80, days w.h.et: it was dia*
covered that iodine could be ole•
lracted from burnt seaweed, seien.-
tists have been putting this,luttnbls
plant under a thousand and one,
tests to find out what other 111es It
has for mankind.
Latest discovery is of tremeta-
dous benefit_ drat a boilable wool
can be macre from seaweed for
.use in dentistry. Haemorrhage after
an extraction was one of those
things you hoped you clever had;
but this n;w soluble wool has vir-
tually overcome the possibility of
this.
The inventive genius behind this
discovery is Frank Botanist:en, who
is still trying to find other applica-
tions for seaweed. "I want to con-
centrate on bloodless surgery," he
says
He has been at the seaweed game
for twenty years, and in that time
he has converted seaweed into hair-
creaul as well as into ice-cream
powder. Aritificai wool has also
been made front the plant; silk has
been copied, and to -dap you may
hare yOln' food wrappe'' in a certain
type of transparent wrapping paper
that originally was a green, blistery
plant at the bottom. of the sea.
Couldn't Be Heaven
The sick man had been delirious
with fever for days, but now he
regained consciousness and became
aware of his comfortable bed and
the gentle assurance of cool, loving
hands. "Where am I?" be asked
weakly. "in heaven "
"No, dear," said his wife sooth-
ingly, "I'm still with you."
Belgium's Ruler? - -- Prince
Baudouin, 19, above, son of
King Leopold III, would be-
come king of Belgutn if tate
suggestion of former Premier
Paul -Henri Spaak, -leader of
the powerful Socialist Patty, is
followed. Spaak urged the king
in an open letter to turn over
the throne to the prince to
restore order and unity. Acting
Premier Gaston Eyskens, Soci-
al Christians' leader, reportedly
favors the plan.
Royal Snack Bar—To aid her family's fading fortunes, Lady
Lees (pouring), wife of Sir John Lees, third baronet, of Poole.
England, has opened this snack bar outside the lodge gates at
her South I.ytc•ltett Manor home, The customer is Lady. Lees'
daughter-in-law, Mrs. Faith Lee. Financial stress also forced
the family to move into a cottage on the grounds and relit the
manor house as a school.
JITTER
1 t p0AN N4 U (:'OR'r ANK sOiviNG eA'e
AND owl' SlaSAK-THEMt
By Arthur Point
Mau n0H'r
CATCH MG SLIPPING.
v THAM nsaRE
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