The Seaforth News, 1934-03-01, Page 7THURSDAY, MARCH 1, 1934.
THE SEAFORTH NEWS.
PAGE SEVEN
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.Here and There
Twenty-nine men and seven
women who pioneered Alberta
-17.--1/4
� trails died in the present 'year.
All of them saw the West when
it was young, the west that exist-
ed before 1895. The current year
marks the half century since the
Canadian Pacific came to Calgary.
'
Sailing for New Yorir Decehn-
ber 14, the 42,500 -ton white -hulled
Empress of Britain left on a
Christmas and New Year's holi-
day cruise for the West Indies,
December 22, returning to New
'York January 3 and -sailing again
January 4 for a 4% -month cruise
around the world.
Among the "Believe It or Not”
.acts wellknown to the generality
of newspaper readers, may be
added the statement of S. G. Hib-
hen, of the Westinghouse Light
Company, made recently -in -an
address at the Royal York Hotel,
Toronto that "today there are
some 10,000 different kinds of ar-
tificial light sources."
Approximately 78,000 people
own the Canadian Pacific Rail-
way through theirownership of
the company's common . stock. Of
these, 36,000 live in Canada, Of
the balance, 21,000 live hi other
darts of the British Empire, most-
ly in, England, with 16,000 in the
Ignited States and 5,400 in other
countries, mostly continental Eur-
ope.
For the first time in western
Canada, an impressive ceremony,
the age-old investiture of the
Knights of St. John was hold re-
cently at the Hotel Vancouver,
'Vancouver when six British Co-
lumbians were admitted by King
George, sovereign head of the
order, to high honors. Odd world
costumes and strange rites added
50 the dignity and color of the
proceedings.
Railways and their important
Sunctions in the economic exis-
, tence of tho State were stressed
by G. G. Ommanney, development
commissioner of the Canadian
Pacific Railway at the annual
banquet of the Traffic Club of
Hamilton recently. They had, he
said, contributed materially to de-
velopment of natural resources.
building up of indu:;tries and in
promoting land settlement and
agriculture.
Railway and motor truck trans-
portation are both essential to the
economic wellbeing of Canada
and neither should be antagonis-
tic to the other, stated Hon, R. J,
Manion, minister of railways and
canals, at a ,national conference
en transportation held at Ottawa
Recently. But, he added, while
railways are subject to strict reg-
elation and control, motor truck
service has not ass yet been
brought under any comparable
Control or regulation.
In spite of the fact that Govern-
ment loans for farm underdrainage
have been available for a number of
years, it is still news for many (arm.
ors who have not sufficient capital to
tile their farms. Too much cannotbe
said in support of this aid to increas'
ed production and enhancing the
value of property. No other farm
Improvement will give equal returns
and become a permanent improve.
meat. Ihltproveld ruachinery,although
very desirable, depreciates year by
year, and in time is discarded and
replaced by other and new ectuipmeut,
Fertilizers are available for a yeas
or two and have to be renewed,
whereas tile drains become more ef.
Relent year after year. The soil
becomes better aerated, more triable,
and in a better physical condition
when maximum crops will be pro-
duced with the minimum amount of
work.
Matching Cost and Benefit.
Suppose for instance it takes :40
to tile drain an acre of land sys•
tc:matically, but by so doing several
hollows which never produced more
than half' a crop before now yield
more than any place else in the liela.
Supposing another wet area which el -
ways drowned out does likewise, and
in all we have twenty-five bushele. of
tvlab_3t instead of twenty, or wehave
sixty bushels of oats instead of. fifty.
These estintates are much too low.
out conservative estimates are sat..
.Let us see what Interest -we' make00
our money. Taking the present price
of 'wheat as -$1.40 per bushel, we
have made $7 on an outlay of $40,
which is 17 i/z per cent. me our in.
restment. With oats at 450 we have
11% per cent. o11 our investment,
And ff these are not good retinal l•
don't know where to find them..
Government Loatns at Low Rates.
For the use o! this money, on
.which you make largo interest, the
Government waits you only 5 per cent.
l'ou have twenty years to return it,
long before which you have been re.
timid several times: Under the present
net auyone wishing to toe can borrow
75 per cent. .91! the ''.rut al hta worst
up to 42,000 per Imeneed awres, The
Moan is obtained throoigh the township
council, which is responsible for pass-
ing
assing the necessary by-laws and the
issuing of the debentures for sale to
the Provincial Treasurer. No town-
ship council alive to the necessity of
underdrainage ,would refuse to se-
' some interested in obtaining such a
toan for . any of their ratepayers,
Further Government assistance by
way of surveys, plans and specifics.
Mous for drainage work may be ob.
tafned by applying to the Drainage
Department, 0. A. C., Guelph. They
wile also be glad to assist individuals
,>f eou:ncils In discussing with them
the Tile Drainage Act, or in mailiab
them copies iu which they ;an get
the details. --F. L. Ferguson. 0, A.
college, Guelph,'
OHA'RACTE'RIETICIS OF KEYS
'Clrattleteristi'c's' is .perhaps a +better
term .Chale 'coilot•' or `mood'; the 'for-
mer has the drawbacks of ,being (prim-
'arily assdcialted 'with another 'art, and
the la't'ter is Wo 'clo'sely ,concerned
with emotion. Thelo'gic'al position is
that whereas emotion may be a key
,characteristic, not all key ieharacteris-
+tics are emotional, erg„ such obvious
'qua'lities as sonority, vigor and bril-
liance are not�u aril5 nn
ecess y emotional.
hat every key has a character of its
own has long ;been universally admit-
ted, \'V'hen we come to details, 'how-
ever we are met w'it'h' the odd fact that
there is fair'unanimity as to. certain
key's and lwide difference +concerning
ethers. Views as to major and minor
follow the enacted line, major being
held to he indicative of joy and manor
of sorrow, despite such examples to
the contrary as the 'Saul' Dead March
(C Major) and 'hosts of hun'tin'g and
drinking songs in minor keys,
Sp far ars 11 can discover only three
writers have committed 'themselves to
a detailed list orf key Characteristics,
'Lavignac, a lFrenclh ;professor (184d
49.116), in his ?Music and 'Musici'ans, is
one; William Gardiner, a Leicester
stocking maker and enthusia's'tic am-
ateur Q1F4'O-111853) is another; and :Ber-
lioz in his `book on orchestration
spreads Ihi asel'f on the 'subject with
special .reference to 'the violin. (This
brings in another factor—the part
played by instrumental timbre, IA
moment's 'thought will sho'w that
keys involving a liberal use of open
strings will be 'specially brilliant;
hence 'the further result that There
'must be more or less obvious differ-
ences in orchestral music in accords
an.ce with the prop'orticn Of String
tone. 'For exa'tnpie, the brilliance of A
ma'jor,. due to the open A, TE, sill ID
strings of the violin, 'would be appre-
ciably less in passages during which
those instruments 'were silent.) I have
not space to give the 'L'a•vignac-Gardi-
I:er-'Berlioz list 'cotn'pl ate; it must suf-
fice to ,cite e 'fe'w keys only, 1 begin
with the points of agreemen't, Lavig-
nac says that IA major is 'frank and
sonorous; 'Gardiner describes it as
golden and sunny'; and IBe'rlioz, 'bril-
liant, elegant and joyous'. They agree
also concerning 'G major: 'gentle and
calm, rurail, merry' '(Lavignac); 'gay,
sprightly' (IGardiner); 'rather gay,
and slightly ,commonplace. I(IBeriioz).
D major is 'gay, 'brilliant, alert' [(ILav-
ignae); 'grand and noble' Gardiner);
`gay, noisy and rather com'mon'place'
(Berlioz), Concerning ;B minor they
agree also, It is 'savage or sombre,
but 'vigorous' (Lavignac); 'bewailing'
(Gardiner)
, 'very
sonorous, wild,
on
-
i o
ns; rough, vloleuE''(Bet•lioz) G
'nor is is 'melanch'oly, shy' '(ILavignac);
'replete with melancholy' ,(tGardiuer);
'melancholy, 'tolerably onorous, soft'
(Berlioz). All the minor keys, by the
way, are ,d,escribcd as expressing var-
ious shades of melancholy and gloom;
the statements concerning the major
keys are less unanimous. Thus, to La-
vignac ID flat major is ''charming,
suave, and placid'; +Gardiner ,finds it
'awfully dank'; and Berlioz labels it
'nhajestic'.'8 flat is 'described by Lay -
!gime as 'noble, and elegant, 'graceful';
Gardiner considers it to be 'cleficient
in !lire', and .Berlioz 'finds it noble but
without distinction'. 111 is not quite
clear how nobility can be combined
with lack of distinction,. but this is not
the only instance in which Berlioz is
,lightly contradictory, Even ILavignac
is in two minds about C major, which
he,describ,e's as 'simple, naive, frank;
or, flat and con monplace'. Probably
such widely diverse opinions were •due
to his having heard two very different
compositions in C. ,Similarly, ,the fact
that 'Gardiner describes C major as
'bold, vigorous 'and commanding', and
Berlioz as 'grave and dull and vague,'
indicates .that they 'were influenced by
the purely nhusical effect of some
worlss in that key. Roughly, however.
there is rather more agreement than
difference. But -it has to he remember-
ed that 'tile opinions quoted are the
result of close and .continued observe-
cion by men well .gnali'6ed i•n diflernl
ways. Lavignac brought to the task
skill and learning; Gardiner :was an
enthusiastic amateur; and 'Berlioz had
vn uncanny sense of one color and
character. It remains a matter of spec-
ulation as' to how far listeners are con-
scious of 'the characteristics so ob-
iously experienced by composers and
performers.
As for composer's; Beethoven more,
than once spoke of having chosen a
'suitalble key' for e ,partictilar position;
and S have already mentioned his ob-
'•lans preference' for C Ilhinor in con-
nection. with, centaiii Moods. (By the
way, he described B minor as 'a black
key:')
Of the iclinsyncrasies of composers
In regard to' keys many columns might
he writte'n„I cih.00se an example:
Cesar 'Franck, !Readers of Vincen'
d'Tnrly's boolc' on the coni'n'•oser have
probably been 'strider- by, the freemen'
ref'srences to Fra'vclt's choice of key.
and to his fondness !for'•tliose with
many sharps. It was, in fact almost
Ian obsession, the evert said, speaking
^f his 'Redenhhlption', 'In this score J
have used only 'sharp ' keys, in order
`o render the luminous idea of re-
demption.' ;And cc -ening on this re-
nark, d'Indy says, "How admirably
logical is ,the succession of sh'anp
keys in this work. Starting with a
neu'tra'l and colorless key, A minor,
Che Biuret part is illuminated by de
grecs; as by a ladder we seem to
rise to the greatest light by mean's of
+13, the dominant, A major, and iF
sharp major', (!But would the listenet
who did not see the Score he aware
of 'this?) 'Franck's .fondness for F
sharp major led 'hint into difficulties
on one occasion, At a rehearsal for
the first perform'an'ce of the 'Redemp-
tion' the orchestra was so annoyed by
being asked to play i)1 such an awk-
ward key (for strings) that it de
-
dared the work to be innpossible;
and although They did play it 'the
perfornran•ce (says dlltlidy) !suffered
deplorably from the ill -wi'l'l o1 the
players', Nor is this the only in-
stance of Franck's 'sharp' ,fetish
standing in his light. There are pas-
sages in his organ works so forbid-
dingly noted as to choke off many a
player, Thus, in his `Grand (Piece
S ^n ph
} ii onique' .he 'writes a long pas-
sage in the absurd key of A sharp
major. Of course it bristles with
double sharp; written in !B flat it
would have been quite easy to ;play.
IBart (here's the rubs) • would Franck
have conceived the pasage in the
same ivay heel he started in IB fiat?
In, other words, to what ex -tent was
his intagina'tion kinldled by thinking
and writing in six sharps instead of
in two flats?
'Perhaps something approaching an
answer is to be 'found in a curious
fact; No, 3 of the `Fortyeight' is
printed in C sharp major in some ed-
ition's, and in D flat in others, The
hearer is, of course, unaware as to
which version is being used; but
there are few, if any, players who do
not feel that the music is somehow
not quite the same, I have just .ques-
tioned a pianist as to the men'ta'l ef-
fect produced by the notation of this
piece, He replies that if he uses the
flat edition he gives a more sauve,
tranquil reading of the music than he
does when playing in sharps. No
doubt most of us would do She seine,
We are subconsciously influenced by
the customary associations of the
words 'sharp' and 'flat'; the word
'sharp' suggests brightness, 'aspira
tion, something rising, and so forth;
'flat' does the reverse, •Is it fanciful to
see some connection in uI+ranck's .lik-
ing for sharp keys, and the program
that is at the back of almost all his
works, a struggle from darkness to
light—from evil to redemption?
How are we to account for the
fact that the keys seem to have re-
tained
-
tained their characteristics during
various changes of pitch during the
past century? Thus, C of Beetho-
ven's day may be the 13 o'f ours, and
the difference between the general
pitch of B,ech's clay is probably even
more marked, 'Evidently the pihysco-
logical effect is far greater than we
have supposed it to be, 'It would be
interesting to test this ,by playing
some specially written music to List-
eners placed behind a 'creep. To what
extent would there be agreement a-
mong those who heard but did not
see the music, and the Performers
with the score in view? until we
have sohnethlug definite, the last
word will be with Lavignac, who
says that there 15 a 'mysterious law
Which assigns to each -key a peculiar
aspect. a special color; but each per-
son will regard this aspect according
to his own personal temperament.'
•
THE LAND OF THE
INVERNESS MONSTER
The view from the crest of Inver-
ness Castle surpasses them all, It is
a revelation, The soul of the High-
lands seems to give up the secrets,
It was noon when I climbed the nar-
row turnpike staircase, stumbied over
slated roof -taps, and crossed e wood-
en gangway to the small turreted
circle that crows the red -walled
fortress. A bleak wind swept from
the surrounding hills, a friendly sun
struggled to penetrate a barrier of
lark cloud;, and from the grey town
far below rose the clatter of trundling
cants and the moan of omnibuses,
'Inverness is a perfect blend of the
past acid present. I't is trilling to play
a Part in tuodern commercial life and
accept sl'I the advantages of science;
but 110 inda'cem•ent would force it to
abandon the romance of the past. I't.
is this mixture of the tweabict11 ren
tu,ry tend 'tbaMid'dle 'Ages that nvakes
the town so fascinating. You cannot
escape from 1t. Before ma now is' a
modern town; •be'hinel are bile thioutl-
taro fastnesses that 'have Bever been
subdued; and a fele yards 'away Ft'nra
efadDon•alld raises her hand to shade
her eyes as she looses along the glen
towards 'Skye.
The lhistory of 'rnverness is writ-
ten in shone in its streets, Centuries
have changed its setting little, Even
toeday the 'high-pitchedcastle cocks
a suspicious; eye in the clirecton pF
Ben Wyvis, as if watching for red
coats or kilted 0a,terans.
iI Spoke to the keeper of the castle.
.It seemed ironical- that his name
should he Morbeele "You .are 'toe re-
lated to the Maclbeth who btui;lt a
castle near here?" II prompted.
"No—at 'lea'st, I've never inquired
into the matter," he replied seriously
Inverness has created the most
bcailiful cemotery in, the world. Sev-
enty years ago it was a thickly wood-
ed hill, shaped like an upturned boat,
with such a vile repu'ta'tion that no
one would pass it after dark, .Strange
dales were told of the midnight frol-
ics of the fairies, and the d'an'ces that.
lasted fo rcenturies, To -day Tonna-
hurich is a Tir-nansQg. It is visited by
.tourists from all parts of the globe.
The thick jungle has been pierced by
paths that lead to the stamina, and
along the avenues rise yew trees es
stlsight and slender as mannequins.
"Inverness has succeeded in snaking
death a privilege," said the young
man who offered to show me round
the death -hill. On the way he told rhe
a few of the legends connected with
it, I was haunted, 'Ghosts hail often
been seen. The fairies were away now
but they would return.
It was said that the hill got its
name from an upturned boat which
St. Columba had loft there' while he
was crossing from Iona to the main
land. The hill had formed over the
boat, That is why it is sometimes
known as the "31191 of the Boat,"
+C'oinneach Odhar, the 'Brahan seer,
made a marvellous prophesy in the
seventeenth century concerning Tonh-
mihurich, '''Strange as it may seem to
you this day," he said, 'the time will
come when full-rigged igged ships will lee
soon; sailing eastward and westward
by the back of Touuan'httric'h," A
century -and -a -half later the Caledon-
ian Canal was constructed. He also
prophesied that the—day would come
when Tonunehursclh would be "under
lock and key, and the fairies secured
with," This -prophecy was fulfilled
two centuries later,
I left Tomna:hurich and walked
along the bank of the Ness to the Is-
lands which Inverness has converted
i)hto a beautiful public park, end link-
ed to the river bank by neat little
bridges. In Inverness Highland cul-
ture reaches its highest point, I have
spoken to more than twenty people,
and most of them were composing
songs, writing playa, dabbling in
poetry, or training for a dramatic
festival, This love of art in the High-
lands has come down through the
ages. When the clan chiefs returned
from their foraging and slaying ex-
peditions they amused themselves
listening to their pipers and their
bards, Love of music is strongly im-
planted in the heart of the Gael. He
is a man of snoods, and his emotions
are expressed '
p In son
and i
g n musie.
The Highlander is passionately
loyal, and his love for him house is
sincere. To him there is music in the
laughter of the mountain stream, the
sough of the wind, and the eternal
dirge of the sea. Even in the 'humbl-
est homes in the isolated ,glens this
love of art is to be ,found, On the
shores of Loch Ness I spoke to an
old crofter. The conversation, turned
to the raising of the Jacobite standard
at .Glenifinnan, He made me promise
that I would visit the memorial there.
'When darkness conies Inverness
,becomes a town of memories. Lt is
haunted by ghosts in the sante way
as the Royal Mile of Edinburgh, 1-lere
linger memories of Prince Charlie,
Cromwell, Queen Mary, Montrose,
and those overbearing chiefs who once
held courts, kept their clans in fight-
ing trim, and held the power of life
end death — the Campbells, ' Macic-
intaslhes, Mackenzies. Frasers, Ilac-
pherscns and Macd'onalds. At eight
anal ten o'clock every night two cur-
fews ring as they have rung for near-
ly three centuries. 'In the Cross that
stands in front of the Town Hall is
the famous "Clauclinacudain," or
stone of the tubs, which was original-
ly used by the women on the bank of
the Ness for placing their buckets
and tuba,
WI -IAT IS HOLLYWOOD ?
.Well, 'frien,ds. we hate to disillusion
you, but 'what is Hollywood ? There
i5 ?ni such place—it is a state of. mind.
Culver :City and Burbank and :Malibu
Beach are all "Hollywood" acid yet
none .of the'ir is Ilollywood. There is
a sedtion'of Los Angeles which is
called Hollywood '(,just as there are
sections of 'Toronto called \Vestan
and Suannysicle) and in the 'beginning
the motion -picture studios weft in it,
Thera beaait•iful country was ,all
around them, the countains on one
side, the sea on the -other, and the
companies had to go onlya few'
yards, ib lo'c'ks or elites to finch the
scenes 'they needed for most of their
pictures. !But the scenery g:ht settled
up so rapidly and land became to
clear, and 'ide Otudios,grew 51, that the
later arrivals had .to start up in the
suburbs. -'The .Pox ,studio, for example.
sprawls over 'lll11 acres, The 'W'aru.er
'Brothers . studio over seventy-eight.
acres, the Metro - Go'Idlevyn slayer
studio over lacres, and so
on. Any major studio "lot"' ootrl'd
snake 'a ,presby good-sized farm and
most lot 'them ar'e .pi'e'fty solidly built
up. Alt M. -IG -H., ifac.example, there
'are ,twenty -Give "stages," each :larger
•than the average theatre, so that
Malny different sows can be mond-
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factured at once. At 'every studio, too,
there are office buildings for many
kinds of employees and bungalows or
dressing -rooms for any army of
actors. Many' of the dressing -rooms
are suites of two or three rooms in
which stars' meals are served. Pianos,
personal maids or valets and luxur-
ious furnis'hi'ngs are there. There must
also be restaurants, police, +fi'remen,
barbers; hairdressers and so on.
IParanount still occupies 'twenty-
six acres in the 'heart of Hollywood,
close to where the •industry. began;
'R,JK,.O. and Columbia are near by
and United 'Artists end Universal
only a few miles away. The 'Central
Casting :Bureau and the motion pict-
ure producers' 'association offices are
in Hollywood, and so are many small-
er studios. .But often you may find
more Hollywood atmosphere at Palm
'Springs •or Lake 'A•rrawhead, mere
than 100 miles array, than you find on
Hollywood 'Boulevard. In ;fa'ct, ii you
.want Hollywood atmosphere in its
most bizarre and gorgeous effects
you'd best go to 'anomie Cruse's
house in Altadena some Saturday
night—and 'Jimmie lives about one -
'half hour by motor car from w'h'at
properly can be called 1I3allywrood,
geographically, You also get a good
deal a of1,.
Hal y good at .Laguna Beach,
close to forty miles 1roan Hollywood.
on the other side,
The six square idles or so which
can properly be galled !Hollywood is
largely a place of pretty hones and
well -kept lawns, The spires of many
churches rise from it and all seem to
be well supported. One 'Hollywood
priest, slather Dodd, has appeared in
many motion pictures, and a good
many of those churches receive sub-
stantial support Iron, 'motion -picture
people, Hollytvood is a place of
streets shaded by.palms and pepper
trees, of homes full of children, of
sweet-faced old ladies wsho Never tried
to be in pictures, or business sten
who like to go to homes .which are
quiet and secluded after a day in the
oFfi'ce, (Hamlin Garland, the author,
lives more quietly in Hollywood than
he could live nearly .anywhere else,
and so do many other famous people.
Mr. Garland once wrote an article
about Hollywood, "from the •poili4 of
view of the man who waters his own.
lawn.", .Jack Dempsey used to live
only a few nttndred yards from the
Garlands, but neither every knew the
other was there,
There are, of course, a .good many
old homes which •have 'been, turned
into lodging -houses in which one
,fincis all sorts of people trying to get
into the movies. There are hotels and
restaurants in which ,one sees a good
'many actors, But do not look for
"'H'ollywood" in [Hollywood. You're
more eilkely to find it in Beverly Hills:
Feeding Opportunity
According to A. a. MacMillan, Do-
menioln Live Stock J3eanch, there is
an:excellent opp'orunity ,for groups of
•fainters in the vicinity of ^ Toronto,
Montreal, Ottawa, ,iVinnipeg, SMoose
Jaw. Saskatoon, Ragusa, Prince Al -
beet, Calgary and Edmonton, if they
could be interested in lamb feeding.
At these points a supply of feeder
lambs is readily available each year.,
11 groups of farmers undertook Iamb
feeding, the freight from , stockyard
abattoir to the feed lot would be re-
duced, The making iv of carloads of
finis'ihed lambs mould be easy, and
each group of fanners ti-oul'd benefit
by the experience of ;neighbors, Thou-
sands of sheep raisers, in both east-
ern. and western Canada, could in-
crease returns from lambs by . resort-
ing to careful selection Trot weaning
time, marketing only those that are
hed incl or des'ireble weight, and
putting the balance into the feed tot
for a short -teem ,feeding period.
Want and For Sale Ads, 3 times, 50c