The Seaforth News, 1918-12-19, Page 7COLOR CHANGES
IN LEAVES
SIILT OI' t'LRTAIN C)iEMiCM
PdiOCES,SE8
Il.alleli Leat cs Contain 1taluable Ele-
Plents; ,such as Nitrogen
And Phosphorus,
• The sponge in the color of the
lettV11S oi: tans .in AuttYlnn is the re-
satlt of celled!) chemical processes
which take Dined in the leaves. The
a;henge is hut, as many suppose, clue
to µ.:,don of frost, but is the
tree's preparation for 'winter. The
process is thus described by a tech-
Meisel
ech-lliei el ,joernal:
"A11 durinl;''the spring and summer
i he leaves have served as factories,
where the foods necessary for the
trees' growth have been menu -
leotard. This food making takes
place in numberless tiny cells of the
leaf and is carried on by small green
bodies that give the leaf its color.
These chlorophyll bodies; as they are
known, matte the food of the tree by
combining carbon talcen from the
carbonic acid gas of the air with
hydrogen; oxygen and various min-
erals supplied by the water which the
roots gather. Iti the, fall, -when the
cool weather causes a slowing down
of the vital processes, the work of the
leaves comes to an end. The ma-
chinery of the leaf factory is dis-
mantied, so to speak, the chlorophyll
is broken up into the various sub-
stances of which it is composed, and
whatever food there is on hand is
sent to the body of the tree to be
stored up for use in the spring. All
that remains in the cell cavities of
the leaf is a watery substance in
which a few oil globules and crystals
and a small number of yellow,
strongly refractive'bodies can be seen. 1
These give the leaves the yellow color-
ing so familiar in autumnal foliage.
Produces‘Colored Tints.
'Jt often happens, however, that
there is more sugar in the leaf than
can be readily transferred back to
the tree. When this is the case the I
chemical combination with the other
substances produces many colored
tints, varying from the brilliant red
of the dogwood to the more austere
,,eebrowns of the oak. In coniferous'
l'Fees, which do not lose their foliage'
in the fall, the green coloring natter
takes on 0 slightly brownish tinge,
,which, however, gives way to the
lighter color in the spring.
"While the color of the 1 •1' is
changing other preparations r -'e being i
made. At the point where ,he stem
of the leaf is attached to the tree a
special layer of cells develops, which..
gradually sever the tissues which sup-
port the leaf. At the same time na-
ture heals, the cut, so that when the ,
leaf is finally blown off by the wind'
or.falls frons its own weight the place
where it grew on. the twig is marked i
by a scar
"Although the food which has been;
prepared in the cell cavities is sent
hack to the tree, the mineral sub -I
stances with which the walls of the
rt '
lake become impregnated during
the sunfzner months are retained. Ac -1
coclingly, when the leaves fall they,
contain relatively large .amounts:' of •.
valuabi'r••elements, such as nitrogen
and phosphorus, which were originally
a part of the soil. The decomposition
of the leaves results in enriching the
top layers of the soil by returning
These elements and by the accumu-
lation of humus, That is why the mele
low black earth from the forest floor
is so fertile. But if liras ,.are allowed
to run through the forest and the
leaves are burned the most valuable
of the fertilizing elements are thong -
ed by the heat into gases and escape
into the air. As a result, forests
which are burned over regularly soon
lose their soil fertility, even if no ap-
parent.dalnage is done to the stand-
ing tinnier."
"Winter Blindness."
the above is not a new disease. It
is
merely a term which stands for the
temporary blindness that may fall
upon anyone with sight through the
erasing of visible things by fogs or
mists or blizzards. Such blindness,
though infinitely preferable, is often
more confusing than real blindness,
for a blid ma has sharpened instincts
to counteract his lack of vision; he
"sees" better "irha1 the best -sighted
man in a pea -soup fog.
For instance, he knows how to tualk
10 a straight line. A man in a blizzard
inclines to a circular course. A, blind
malt in sunshine will walk faster and
more surely than you cart walk in the
impenetrable mist. Giese your eyes
while you walk along the pavement,
anti flow far will you travel without
hitting a house of the road, or open•
nig your eyes Thil'ty yards, maybe,
heists at sea are particularly con-
fusing. The wise captain heaves to
until the nniefeelea's, -Once the writer
bile oil a ship that "wanted" into a
white maze near Boston Harbor, The
engifogs wel'e stopped, and all night
`signals sounded,: After twen-
y-four hours the fog lifted, and al -
est side by side was another ship,
also stationary. Neither had haci any
Consciousness of the other one's.
lresencel
To cut vel�ot—'"`'---.--„
e wrungside C1V
of the velvet,
"s a'.,47 `,
,ir.
•
tl Suggestion 16 those,.
who ere ;,ending„ gifts to
:soldiers Overseas comes
from i.l,-Col. (Canons
Frederick Ceorge' Scott;
Senior Chaplain of lie
'First Division,, in a cabie
received by friends * !!1
Montreal, lie says, "The
m'en' wantplaying cards
and chewing tobacco,"
RJ.
1`.essie :.°rJNI lesseSe '.#"lx ° r; n
INIUMOSYMNIMIZIWZMNI
THE NIGHTMARE
PARAPET
A GRIMLY REALISTIC PICTURE
OFWARASI.TIfi '
British Soldier As He Lies in hospital
Tell of TWo Things That
Haunt His Brain.
Going over the top, being shelled to
blazes in 0 trench—those are not the
memories that haunt me' most . as I
lie here, though Ive had a full-sized
man's share of both, and am not
greedy for more.
A smell and a stream. They are the
two things I find it most difficult to
forget.
We were in the tins. The trench'
sides, disintegrated'' by days of rain,
were continuallyfalling in. The trench
itself was almost knee-deep in liquid
mud. Behind,, there was a disreput-
able crop of little wooden crosses,
leaning drunkenly in all derections,
many of them splintered, but reach-
ing etiagglingly'ahnost to the parades
In front there was a tangled mass of
rusty Wire, with things hanging on
it like a devil's ghastly mockery of
a washing -day. Beyond that, ten
yards of shell -churned, offensive mud;
then a stagnant, green -scummed chan-
nel, on the further bank of which the
blonde beast had bailt a kind of para-
pet that was surely the outcome of a
nightmare. It was built of the dead
—German dead.
A Cellar Mystery,
The second memory belongs to the
end one of a little row of cellars.
There had been a row of houses there
-once. Forty-eight hours before,
German troops had bean there. Just.
behind there was a German burial -
ground, which, now and again, Ger-
man shells were ploughing up, We had
been marching for thirteen hours. The
cellars were to be our billets for a
few hour's more. We threw ourselves
on to the floor, and tried to sleep, but
could not. There was a stench in the,
place that made us wish to get out.
There was a pile of earth pear the
doorway over which we had to walk
when we entered. We kept, eyeing this,.
At length a batman got a spade,
and the first thing he brought to light
f
Over 1009000,000 People
thI3uropc Face Starvation
Reliable Experimental Station tests s'ilow that
Fertilizers have increased yields of grain, potatoes,
etc., 25% to 180%.
The 1917 Report of the Board of Ag'riculture,.
England, records the fact that in a general report
from English farmers who undertook to grow more
food, 40% of thefanners maade; special mention of
the great service rendered by fertilizers.
You can help stave off Winkle and make -profit
yourself by preparing to fertilize your spring crops,
and to top -dress your fall wheat next spring.
Write for our Free Bulletins on Crop Increase.
THE SOIL AND CROP IMPROVEMENT BUREAU
OF THE CANADIAN FERTILIZER ASSOCIATION.
1111 Temple Building - Toronto
J
tarvi
Under Allied Flags
Immediate Help Needed to Relieve Starvation and
Suffering --Cannot Hold Germany Responsible NOW !
1 k' There is pressing need for our help in Belgium
today,and there will be for manymonths to come.
As our troops occupy the evacuated
territory, untold misery stares them in
the face. Emaciated children, hollow.
cheeked women, roofless homes,
clothing so worn it offers no protection
from winter's terrors --miseries that
cannot wait but MUST be relieved at
once to avert DEATH I
Need you be reminded how Belgium
was the first to jump into the breach
and so make our Victorious Peace
possible?
Don't let it be said WE let
Belgium starve. Let us cable
over your offering to the mothers
and children of Breve Little
Belgium AT ONCE,
Make cheques payable end send contributions:to
l to
(negistered to der ti,e War Charities Act) 1.T
on IFS to your Local Committee, or lg_
Ontario Branch --.Belgian Relief Fund -1911 ging St W., Toxoist9
'was ayard-long tress of hair, Ben
the earth was the body of a girl.
hellish deed had been eomnnitte
the cellar we could only guess.
We started off to our new line, d
a hillside, the whole of which
pocked with shell -craters, each c
a bog. It was pitch dark. First
man would slip and stick, and
thigh boots would have to be' s
fired before he could be extrica
then another, and another, mild
one company nineteen .men were p
ing their floundering way alon
their stockinged feet, and the s
underfoot was a compound of me
snow and mud. Fatal to strike a li
to speak above a whisper.
Stream as a Trench.
We reached our trench. Ten
,Just the' shallow bed of a stream,
water still running. Not many ya
away,. on the slope of the hill on
other side was the enemy line. W
day cane every man had to cr
down, thigh deep in water; and m
Bent double, else he would offe
fair target, until his back ached
cruciatingly, though his legs see
dead. Then trench -mortar shells
bombs began to come over to us,
men began to roll over and bite th
lips lest a cry carry the news to
German. And there, head and sho
propped up so that they wo
not drown, they had to stay u
darkness came again. Certain de
to attempt succour in the light of d
save the little first-aid that we co
render. Our doctor, who had be
left behind, tried to make his w
across the open to us. Vire buried h
,that night.
Time seemed to have feet of le
My watch was stopped. I asked a c
poral. the time. The question was p
sed along in whispers until it reach
a man who possessed a timekeeper,
"Nine o'clock."
Only two hours had passed sin
daybreak! It seemed two weeks] A
other ten hours before a man cou
stand upright!
Welcome Relief.
Mortar shells and bombs continued
to fall. It was impossible to hit back.
Night came at last, A fresh company
came to relieve us. Those= of us who
were unwounded began-. the'task of
getting the wounded and the dead
across the bogs ,and hip the.hill. .
I shall never forget the stream. It
was Hades—a bitterly cold Hades, a
terribly wet Hades, but a real Hades
for all that.
NEW CANADIAN INDUSTRY.
Making of Handkerchiefs In the Do-
minion Developed in Wartime.
eath
What
d in
own
was
rater
one
his
aeri-
ted;
1 in
ick -
g in
lush
]ted
ght,
ch ?
the
rds
the
hen
ouch
ud.
✓ a
ex-
med
and
and
eir
the
Oul-
uld
itil
ath
ay,
uld
en
ay
im
ad.
Or-
as -
ed
ce
n-
ld
The manufacture of handkerchiefs
Is now being undertaken in Canada,
The absence of supplies in Imported
handkerchiefs, formerly secured from
Great Britain, Ireland and Switzer-
land, has made possible the develop-
ment Of an extensive trade during war-
time. Supplies of linen cloth and yarn
have been reduced to the vanishing
point by the prohibition of export from
Great Britain, One concern has been
started in Ontario; the only one In
Canada turning out handkerchiefs ex -
elusively. While starting on a com-
paratively small scale, a market has
been secured for the entire output et
500 dozen handkerphiefs a day. Sup-
plies of lawn and nainaoolt used in the
manufacture of the goods are being
secured from textile mills.
About thirty-flve per, cent, of the
handlcercltiefs being turned out are of
khaki color, for which a steady de-
mand is being experienced for the
militia forces, Equipment consists of
Sewing machines, an embroidery ma-
chine and an electrically driven
mangle.
Imports of cotton handkerchiefs for
1916 were placed at $625,902, of whish
9544,384 mune frons Great Britain.
Switzerland ranks second as the
Source of the handkerchiefs used in
Callacia. Imports of cotton handker-
chiefs from all sources in 1915 were
valued at $480,483, eempared with
9050,610 in 1914 and 9932,652 In 1919,
,Imports 01 linen handkerchiefs show
a value of 9289,855 for 11)16, of whish
$283,266 tante from great Britain,
Women doctors shave been of the
greatest service to the country, Not
only have, they released mentor meds -
Bial service at the front, ut have
netunlly carried, en base hospitals as
stridently as ' men.—Sir Watson
0103700,
*Ward's 14a111ent Cures Diphtheria.
For NV inter
Days
A. simple dress which is quite at-
tractive when developed in ' some
novelty material, IvieCali Pattern
No. 8649, Ladies' . house Dress. In
8 sizes, 84 to 48 bust. Price, 25
cents.
t) NOWA
This coat diess when donned by the
Miss would enhance her appearance
to the highest degrees. McCall Pat-
tern No. 8652, Misses' Dress. In 3
sizes, 18 to 20 years. Price, 25
cents.
I was cured of Rheumatic Gout by
MINARD'S LINIMENT.
Halifax, ANDREW KING.
I was cured of Acute Bronchitis by
MINARD'S LINIMENT.
LT. -COL. C. CREWE READ.
Sussex.
I was cured of Acute Rheumatism
by MINARD'S LINIMENT.
Markham, Ont• C. S. BILLING•
Lakefleld, Que., Oct. 9, 1907.
Canada's Dairy Products.
There are about 8,500 cheese and
butter factories in Canada, and over
220,000 dairy farmers supply these
with milk and cream. The total value
of the output of these factories in
1916 was upward of 62,000,000. The
grand aggregate of dairy products in
Canada—cheese, creamery butter,
whole milk sold for consumption, out-
put of condensers, dairy butter made
and milk consumed on the farm—is
estimated_. at $200,000,000.
Minara's Liniment Cures Colds, &e.
General Sir Edmund Allenby was
born in 1861 and was the Sol of Mr.
Hymnals Allenby, of Felixstowe, He
was born at Brachenhurst, near
Southwell, his mother's home,
Tea or coffee stains of long stand•
ing can be taken out by applying a
little glycerine, after washing once;
a second washing will entirely re-
move the stain.
Our enemies made this war a war
of engineering and science. We ac-
cepted the challenge, and there is no
point in which we have not beaten
them.—A. J. Hobson.
/((op„ ourshoes mai
E9 THP tirlrF" .1
�rt
Cil iso Hoot.
rVinARONrfJ,ro 71to
Wei. boon Canada'q fayorlte' t+4 hk' ire •ev
quarter of a century: ere ..naltyl{ Milt;t' fiplt+l; , .
"'!oast you AieeR tl'geh and palet longer than that
made with Any ath,pr,po that a 9111 weplals.e•Hllpty.
eau easily be made' at one baking, 6n11 the last'
Iopf wiU bo lust ati good a the first.
wog in ANAOA,'
B«W,GILLETT COMPANY LIMITED
Vpy1'l0,P0o TOI8O2','5'O, O1'1 r. t,too'raas..
BRITISH SOLDIERS TOIRTUREDv• Rolls or biscuits may be freshened
by piecing them in a paper bag,
Prisonersjorced to Work Behind the twisting the top of the bag together,
a. -
FirLine.
Fresh evidence
ing of the ferocious
treatment of British prisoh'lers of wan'
earitured during the 1918 offensive by
Germans is contained In•a further re-
port by Justice Younger's committee.
Much sworn evidence' is given, that
prisoners behind the firing line were
half, starved and over-worked, were
brutally treated rind were forced to
slep shelterless and were unable to ••
change their clothing. A number ac-
tually dived of starvation. The report
shows that the Germans transferred
to East Prussia and German Poland
prisoners who were no longer fit to
work behind the lin
the western
A witness from Heilsburg, East
Prussia, said he saw over 200 prison-
ers arrive in camp there. There were
two trains containing mostly stretcher
cases. All were raving for something
to eat. Some of them found tub refuse
which they devoured. Their clothing
was torn and they said they had no
proper food 'nor medical treatment.
They eoulrl hardly ever wash and the
dirt was thick on their hands and
faces. They looked like skeletons,
Minard's Liniment Curers G•are•et in Cows
The Hospital for Sick Children
TORONTO
War Laid Heavy Hand aS Children's
Charity. .
Dear M. gditol
Tlie annual report of 1-1-0 Floqphsi
fol• telek Children, Toronto, marks s
new record, despite the len.y baud]
cap the war placed neo.] its 40111
The task of ministering lu the sul
Tering youngsters of this province Ws:,
no light one in view of the hospital's
splendid response to the nations) cal)
20 doctors and 43 nurses from its
forces have seen service overseas.
Pet the number of patients treated
Is 5,048, or 1,308 more than last year,
Of these In. -patients, 769 were from
266 places outside of Toronto..
The tireless efforts of the stall
made possible also a reduction in the
average length of stay necessary for
the little patients from 24 days in
1914 to 14 this year.
These results show that the hos.
pital has again pair', to the children
rich dividends of health upon the in-
vested kindness of its supporters.
There has been careful stewardship
of the funds entrusted to the Hospital.
There has been saving—almost scrimp-
ing=fn every direction except where
it would, prevent the Hospital's sooth
ing the suffering or shortening the
sickness of .one child, The. daily cost
of operation was held at the lowest
Swint which would still allow the
children entrusted to the HIospital to
get the best medicine and the best of
care.
And yet sohigh bas risen the post of
every item in the Hospital's budget—in
labor, in fuel, in food, and, above all,
In medical supplies—that the 71115! -
mum expense of taking care of one
child for one day has risen from $2.34
back in 1914 to $3,213/4 in 1918. Of
that, $1.66% --the amount per patient
per day that the official Government,
grants do not ,cover—must come from
voluntary contributions.
During the past four years debts
wez'e incurred to the extent of $100,-
000,.Whidh the Trustees felt assured
would be wiped out by the public as
soon as the war drew to its close, and
talose heavy demands cease which
have been made upon the generosity
of the loyal' people of this province.
The time has now come when it is ne-
cessary to mance known the Hospital's
dire need of financial assistance.
If this 48rd Christmas appeal fails
to rally the friends of this Charity to
Its support, it will be necessary to
mortgage its land, buildings and plant.
By the bounty of the late John Ross
Robertson that property has lust been
cleared of debt for the first time since
it began. its ministry of healing mercy.
Little children have lost a big-
hearted 'friend, and the province a
noble benefactor. It is for the 'public
to decide .whether his life -work shall
be shadowed with a mortgage .within
less than a year of his passing.
What think you?
Sed your answer as soon as pose
Bible to the Secretary -Treasurer, loos•
pital for Sieit Children, College Street,
Toronto, Meanwhile theCharitywill
"Carry on," trusting In your support.
IRVING E. ROBERTSON.
Chairman of Appeal Couunitree
ipping it in cold water ;and placing
in a hot oven for a few minutes,
When taken out the rplls. will be as
light and hot• as when first .baked,
and are far more wholesome.
'AQlnna'd'M I.taimeat Cures I1latemper,
What is the use of supposing that
the Germans have repented? What
is the use of supposing that they are
sorry for what they have done? All
they are soio,•y for is that it has not
succeeded, --Mi', Ohurchin.
MONEY ORDERS.
The safe way to send money by mail
le by Dominion Express Money Order.
Marshal Poch recently gave Mr.
Lloyd George his photograph inscrib-
ed with .the words—"To the great
Prime Minister who drove away the
clouds from a very stormy sky,"
These : patterns may be alitained•
from your local McCall dealer, or
from the McCall Co., 70 Bond St.,
Toronto,: Dept W.
...POE SALE
TELL EQUIPPED NEWSPAPER
and lob printing plant In Easters
Ontarlo, Ineuranee carried 31,500: WI1i
rWilson r Publishing C la Tad.. Toronto. 6P,
lil1 EEKLY NEWSPAPER FOB'
r. In New Ontario Owner going to
Preree, Will sell 92.000. Worth double
that. amount APp)y J li., efo :Mhos
Publishing' Co.. Llntited.''rbronto,
STORM WINDOWS FOR SALE,
�'t IIT 05192 P7arcri 1•IST SNoWIYC4
Tcest or wln'ows gJ -zed complete, any
1 eil!day Company, Hex B. sr,
SSIZCFLL AND017S
A 1 •1\CL5JL TUMORS, LUMPS, ETC..
KJ Internal and external, cured with -
cut pale by our home treatment Write
an before too late. Dr. Heilman 'Medical
Co.. S.hnited, Coliingwood, Ont
ACMES AND PAINS
QUICKLY RELIEVED
You'll, find Sloan's Liniment
softens the severe
)rheumatic ache
Put it of freely. Don't ruts it in.
Just let it penetrate naturally. What a
sense of soothing relied soon follows!
External acmes, stiffness, soreness,
cramped muscles, strained sinews,
back "cricks'—these ailments can't
fight off the relieving qualities of
Sloan's Liniment. Clean, Convenient,
economical, Made in Canada. s'c
any druggist fur it.
Cuticura Promotes Beauty
Of Haar and Skin
If the Soap is used for every -day .
toilet purposes assisted by occasional
touches of Cuticura Ointment to first
signs of pimples, redness, roughness
or dandruff. Do not confound these
fragrant super- creamy emollients
with coarsely medicated, often dan-
gerous preparations urged es substi-
tutes.
ShtioepNoeat"Cueur, Free hi.
Boa n, U.S.A.'.
Sold by dealers throughout the world.
SU+E PJSH E5
. .
„irk' ,TAN, DAHi( taROWN,
bR OX -111.000 SHOES
(PRESERVE the LEATHER
TNtt5QAatY Oro .11'74, lm oatteen oSion4,
ISSUE N.o, 51'18
Eiotcl
Neel Coro
ado
Coronado Beach, California
Where the balmy yet invigorating climate Inairce
possible the enjoyment of outdoor sports through-
out the Winter months.
POLO, GOLF, TENNIS, MOTORING,
FISHING, BAY AND SURF BATHING.
Write for Winter Folder and Golf Program.
JOHN J. HERNAN,< Manager
,a.