The Seaforth News, 1917-07-26, Page 3Care of Teeth is of First Importance.
Parents should realize that care of
the teeth cannot be impressed on chil-
dren too. strongly. This done, there
toed be no fear lest the teeth be neg-
ected in later lite, The Government
e,Ys particular etention to the teethof
those who would enlist In the army or
navy,
Neglect of the teeth is sure to re-
sult in toothache. This means not
on11y actual physical suffering, but lin-
pairment of the general health. The
X-ray to -day often reveals difficulty
at the root of teeth, which is not yet
localized, through plain or outward ae-'
pearance, but to which may be traced
rheumatism and other ills.
Food masticated by poor teeth and
diseased ..gams becomes infected with
bacteria; these taken into the stomach
seriously interfere with nutrition be-
cause they disturb the digestion., The
result cannot be anything but ill -
health .
The human mouth presents most
favorable conditions for growth of
dangerous germs if the residue from
different foods is permitted to remain
in the mouth, for its moisture and na-
tural warmth are especially well suit-
ed to germ development. Then, too,
the teeth being largely lime, any acid
remaining for any length of time in
contact with them erodes the surfaces,
finally softening or destroying the
structure.
It is well in brushing the teeth to
use erotarymotion; only by so doing
can the bristles' reach all•the crevices
betweellt the teeth. It is a wise plan
to follow the brushing with the use of
dental floss, and also with the use of
some good mouth wash.
Visits to the dentist should be made
regularly, even though there is appar-
ently no trouble with the teeth. If
there is no trouble, the visit will help
to prevent the development of trou-
ble in the form of cavities. If one waits
until there is a pain as a warning, the
Loss of a tooth may result.
The first, or temporary teeth, of
which there are ten on either jaw,
generally appear before the child- is
two years old. This is the 'usual
order of their coming:
4 central incisors ,. 6th to 7th month
4 lateral incisors ,.7th to 9th month
4 first molars 14th to 16th month
4 cuspids 10th to 18th month
4 second molars „20th to 24th month
The permanent teeth usually begin
to appear about the sixth or seventh
year and in the following order:
4 first molars 6th to 7th year
;« central incisors, lower 6th to 7th year
2 central incisors, upper 7th to 8th year
2 lateral incisors 7th to 9th year
4 first bicuspids ....10th to 11th year
4 second bicuspids —10 to 12th year
4 cuspids (eye teeth) llth to 13th year
4 second molars .... 12 to 14th year
4 third molar, wisdom 18th to 25th year
A CURE 'FOR ILLS.
Twas a wonderful place where I eat
me down.
A wonderful place for a rover
At the outskirts of the quiet little
town.
As my work for the day was over.
Down there on the skirt of an old
wooden path.
That partner'd the old dusty highway.
Where nature in beauty excelling
ne'er hath.
Where Cupid had spurned e'en the by-
way.
Right there oil a carpet of beautiful
green.
Such comfort was never afforded.
My feet in its plushiest masses,
scarce seen.
Every wish right fully accorded.
The song birds so sweetly were trill-
ing, "Good -night,"
A song with harmonics. abounding;
A song that enflooded my soul with
delight,
;Vibrations'within the resounding.
A. sweet stilly even, a soft soothing
calm,
Away far from ev'ry distraction,
Is Nature's own healer, a virtuous
balm,
Her serest, securest, free action.
And thus so I found it, this rest in re-
treat,
The sting of my toil was arrested;
Endowed with nev.vigors, my ills in
defeat, .
Proud `vas I with this power invested.
For, Ohl I was weary, e'en felt
strangely sad,
As an exile far exiled from home.
Old circumstance bade me is no other
had
And forced me, yes, forced ,me, to
roam.
Se .brightened with splendor I- yet
can't oo pare, the
I gladly nae this true-.00nfession, of
That help ever waits to cheer those tur
who. -despair, me
Just try it out these long concession. Dis
le a disinfectant that drlee tvhIte,
not dark or colorless like other
dielnlootants, He that With 11, one
dieinfecte and paints at the same
time, with the same labor and lot
no greater cost than Is required
ror whitewashing and disinfect-
ing 1jn1y.
Ca bola Is made of a finely
powdered mineral pigment, the
same as used by ninny paint
ntaltors, combined with a germi-
cide
20 times stronger than
carbolic aria.
'but non-poisonaus arid nnn-esus-
tre. Comes In convenient size
packages, does not spoil by stand-
ing, no can be kept cn band ready
to use when convenient ur 00 a
rainy day. Applied with either a
brush or a spraying machine, 0,111
not clog the sprayer ai bllstac•
finks or pool oft, no matter how
many
Ismeasily are
prepaput red for use. I
., Just put the powder in a pall and.,.
stir in either cold or hot water.
Used and endorsed:bythousands
of poultry and breeding farms and
by experiment stations and agri-
cultural colleges.
Sold by Dealers Everywhere
aSOWLAr7ID BOTTS & 00., Ltd.
Toronto - - Canada
tie
Harness leather cannot be neglected
without injury that lessens its dura-
bility. ,jIt should be washed and oil-
ed frequently. The washing should
be done in tepid water with a neutral
soap and a sponge or stiff brush. Af-
ter rinsing in clean tepid water the
harness is hung up to drain a • little
While before oiling.
For driving harness neatsfoot or
pastor oil is best, but for heavy har-
ness there may be some tallow in the
oil. The applications should be Light
for driving and liberal for heavy har-
ness. The oil,. "Warm to the hand, is
rubbed thoroughly into the leather
while it is still wet from the washing.
Excess oil which the leather is unable
to take up should be removed with a
clean, dry cloth.
Pulling the binder'is harder work
than drawing the cultivator, especial-
ly if there is no trpck'to support the
weight of the binder tongue. Occa-
sional rests and airing the shoulders
by pulling the collars: up on the
horses' necks will help to prevent galls
and sores.' Wash the shoulders and
apply some liniment at night.
It will pay to give the colts a
small amount of grain once a day, al-
though they are running with the
mares in pasture.•
Ike
To get the flock safely through the
winter, get the ticks during the sum-
One reason the sheep industry has
shown a decrease in the last few
years, is that wool buyers have paid
no more for a good fleece than a poor
one. There should be a premium on
good wool.
Save all the good ewil lambs for
breeders, for they will be in demand
during the next few years. _Take care
of the breeding flock so that it will be
in condition for breeding this fall.
Keep a record of the ewes to be sure
all are bred.
An old shepherd says that the feet
need to be trimmed three times a year.
A cistern catching water from the
barn roof furnishes a good supply of
water for the flock, if the water is
kept clean and cool.
Aim to make the.. -lambs the chief
source of income. Let the clip pay
for the ewe's keep,
As soon as the grain
is harvested,
the sheep will clean up the waste grain
and eat many weeds h the stubble
if they are given a chap
Shade makes sheep. Where there
are no trees in the pastut
plan to put up a shelter of boards or
canvas. When the sheep have shade
they will graze in the evening and
morning and lie in the
midday, chewing their ctds.
Protection of Cr
n
10.
•e it is a wise
shade during
cu
ds
Crop protection means crop produc-
tion. Canada loses over one hundred
million dollars worth of her staple
crops every year through the depreda-
tions of insect pests. A large portion
of this loss could be prevented. As
we cannot afford to lose the smallest
portion of our grain and other food
crops (luring the present criticalk
period when the production of food is.
of supreme importance, the Dominion
Department of Agriculture is inniting
every effort to prevent, so far as pos-
sible, losses due to insect pests. Crop
protection"must go hand in hand with
crop production.
Insect pests are not usually noticed
or reported until they have caused
considerable damage, Therefore it is
urged that the closest watch be kept
on all crops for the first appearance
of any insect pests or,,damage. Im-
modiately such damage is observed
steps should be taken to control the'
outbreak in its incipient stage. If,
the hest or the method of control is
unknown specimens of the Moot incl
its injuries should bo sent at once to
nearest of the following sources
expert assista.ncel, The Agricul-
al College, the Provincial Dopart-
nts of Agriculture or their local
tries; Reprceantatives,thc officer in
The alight shades descended, the song
f
birds 'had ceased,
All Nature seemed, resting in slum-
ber,
And 1 from this charm spot must too
bo released,
To add to the 'forementioned number.
-Sweet Briar, '1917.
w
Julyx6> H
INVESTORS
Our Capital Stock, now
offered to the public
for tits first time, elm -
blues absolute sacurity
with large dividends.
Writer for -Vitae Illus-
tl•ated noaklat.
cistern Canada Fermi g Company, ,Limitod
cod effloom 43 Imperial Lire Bldg., Toronto
.. ...... . ,...P.n,y —"'mow---s~�•
fis i► f The ilha.
1c 1, as. Indicate,
e [w r
ctu x 'r*f is revo=Thir
1IXE statement issued by the Department of Labor concerning
the business of The William. Davies Company Limited has
been givenwidespread circulation throughout the country and
provoked public unrest.
Whatever the technical wording of the report was, the effect has
been that the newspapers have published that "the profits on Bacon
alone" of this Company "for 1916" were about "five millions of
dollars." This interpretation of the official report is not surprising
in view of certain statements that the Commissioner of the Cost of
Living makes. The Commissioner is reported as saying that
"There were two individual cases of profiteering in 1916 and that
had these cases occurred since the passage of the cost of living
Order -in -Council, he would consider it his duty to recommend that
art
d, URA
0
Ey �
all of
14
s v, CO Cent per Pound
the facts be laid before the Attorney -General for consideration as
to their criminality." The situation created by such erroneous
and damaging statements is serious as emanating from a Govern-
ment official, from whom one looks for not only accurate statements
but correct conclusions.
The William Davies Company, being a private concern, has fol-
lowed the practice of all private corporations, except when it made a
bond issue in 1911, in that it has not published reports of its assets and
liabilities or profit and loss. The present circumstance, however, in
which a Government Official has led the public to false conclusions,
makes it advisable for this Company, for both the public interest and
its own interest, to publish particulars of its business as well as point
out the error of the statement of the Government Official.
For the last fiscal year ending March 27th, 1917, The William Davies Com-
pany bought and killed 1,048,000 head of Live Stock (Cattle, Hogs and Sheep:)
This, plus purchases of outside Meats, produced 180,000,000 pounds of Meats.,,
The Company handled 6,550,000 pounds of Butter and Cheese, 5,650,000 dozens
of Eggs, and manufactured 26,500,000 tins of Canned Goods.
The net profits on these were .68 cents (or two-thirds of a cent) per pound on
meats, 1.04 cents on Butter and Cheese, 1.04 cents per dozen on Eggs, and .47
cents (or slightly.•less than one-half a cent) per tin on Canned Goods. These
profits include profits on all By -Products derived from these accounts.
During the year the Company served at its retail stores 7,500,000 customers,
the average purchase of each customer was 85c., and the net profit upon each
sale was 5-8 of 1 cent.
The turnover of the Company from all its operations for the last fiscal year
ending March 27th, 1917, was $40,000,000. The net percentage of profit upon
this turnover, after deducting war tax, was 1.69 per cent., or including war tax
Respecting the
eport
Last Winter the Commissioner, under authority of
Order -In -Council, required packers to submit statements ,
under oath for some years back and up to December 1st,
1910, of incoming stocks of Meats and the cost of such, as
well as statements of outgoing product and the selling value.
This Company represented in writing at the time that the
information as specifically required was not is accordance
with Packing House Accounting methods, and invited the
Commissioner to send an Officer to the Head Office of the
Company to examine the books for any information desired,
and to secure a viewpoint as to the best way of collecting
data which would be of use to the Government, This offer
was declined, and there was nothing to do but fill in the in-
formation required as literally as we could' determine it.
For example, there was no recognition of the fact that a
raw product may enter a factory under a specific classification
and leave the factory as a finished product under someotherclassification,
We submitted a series of accurate figures based upon our
interpretation of the official requirements which made no
provision for charges of any description other than incomihig
freight and unloading charges to be included in the cost or
to be deducted from the selling price. There was nothing
in the report which could be read so as to determine a profit
and loss statement. The very fact that with only a statement
based upon cost of raw products and value of sales in Great
Britain a Government Official has deduced "barge margins,"
"Profiteering" and "Criminality" if it had occurred since
the passage, of a resent.Aet,shows too dangerous a trifling
and incapacity to be permitted to deal with any important
situation. The statements•of this Companyhave been treated
by the author of this report as if theout-going product was
identical' with the incoming product, and from the series of
reports he has singled out two items—the Baton and Egg
reports—and from them deduced an erroneous "margin'
which the newspapers have interpreted as "profit." The
author of the inquiry shows a strange lack of even a funda-
meepptal knowledge of simple 'bookkeeping and a dangerous
inability to co-ordinate figures, The following are specific
and outstanding errors in the report:
The principal item that ie causing excitement deals with
cold storage bacon. The term "cold -storage" is not defined,
and the public is allowed to make its own definitions. As all
Bacon in a packing house is under refrigeration it is really
all cold -storage, and therefore this Company's figures of
cold storage Bacon represent the complete quantity of
Bacon handled in its entire Plant, whether in freezers or in
process of cure for immediate shipment, That some com-
8.45'per cent.
The William Davies Company has assets of $18,885,000 of which $8,865,000
is tied up in fixed investments.
To provide the necessary facilities for the increased volume of business the
Company expended $750,000 in buildings and equipment during the year.
Companies of other character present no more reasonable statement of profit
and loss based upon the investments made in the business.
The William Davies Company offered to the Imperial authorities, as well as
to the War Office Service (which represents the Imperial authorities in Canada)
to place the output of its Factory with respect to Bacon supplies, Canned Beef
and Pork and Beans at the service of the authorities, on the basis of cost plus an
agreed percentage. These offers were successively declined as the authorities
evidently desired purchase in the open market, and on this basis The William
Davies Company has secured War Office business by open competition with the
world.
! the Commissioner en the Cost of Liv ng
paniesinterpreted cold -storage product as "freezer" product
only is' evidenced by the smallness or entire lack of
figures on the Bacon list for some Plants, indicating that many
Firms did not submit statements of their complete stocks,
as did this Company. An Official of this Company pointed
out this cold -storage distinction to Mr. O'Connor and Miss
MclCenna in Ottawa a few weeks ago, and the failure to make
the distinction afterhaving had it pointed out evidences lack
of desire for accuracy of the real information desired.
It is true The William Davies Company, in 1916, exported
97,791,000 pounds of Bacon, but we do not knoww how the
margin of 5.05 cents per pound is arrived at by Mr. O'Connor,
as there were no figures to justify such a conclusion.' The
probabilities are that the margin is arrived at by taking the
average cost per pound of incoming product from the average
selling price per pound of outgoiug product. This may be
a rough way of estimating the gross margin when dealing
with small figures, but when dealing with figures the size
that Mr. O'Connor has to deal with, a very small fraction of
a cent per pound of error makes a very important difference
in the total, and one must be careful to make sure -that the
outgoing product is the same finished merchandise of the
incoming product reported on.
Allowing it topass, however, as a rough estimate, we
wish to point out-(first)—the inquiry of the Commissioner
allowed only for incoming freight and unloading charges,
and made no provision whatsoever for operating charges of
any kind, such as labor, curing materials, refrigeration, et
cetera, Such actual charges on the 97,791,000 pounds
exported were $1,162,000—or 1,2 cents per pound. This
amount covered all charges up to the point of placing the
Bacon on cars f.o.b. paclung-house. In addition to this was
the actual cost to land and sell this 97,791,000 pounds in Eng-
land after leaving the packing house, which involved charges
of 2,9 cents per pound—or $2,836,000. Thus 2.9 cents per
pound included inland and ocean freight, landing charges, war
and marine insurance, cables, and selling commission to agents.
The ocean freight and war risk alone would make up 2,4
cents of the charge of 2,9 cents per pound. This 1,2 cents,
plus 2.9. cents—a total of 4.1 cents -must be deducted from
Mr. O'Connor's margin of 5,05 cents per pound, leaving a
margin of .95 cents, or slightly less than a cent per pound,
which still has to be reduced because of the error of premises
and because of further factors which have to be considered
to determine net profits.
It is quite evident some of the other packers did not
show selling values in the country in which the goods were
The Company does not challenge either the legal or moral right of the Govern-
ment to investigate business enterprises when public interests directs such an
investigation should be made. If an investigation of the packing and meat
business is ordered, the Company will place at the disposal of the Government
:not only the data it would be required to supply under Order -in -Council
directing that inquiry be made, but will place the experience of its officers
at the disposal of the investigating committee, if it is considered they can
render any service which' will be of value. The Company has not now—nor
at any time during the fifty years of its operation—anything to conceal in method
or practice of carrying on its business. It does, however, claim the right to con-
duct its export business without abusive comment from Government civil
servants—especially when the conclusions drawn from the data asked for are
improper and false.
One of Canada's chief export industries is the packing business. It is essential
to the live stock industry; and, along with other export ipdustries, it maintains
the financial stability of this country, and should, providing it is on a sound basis,
receive encouragement and not slanderous abuse. In view of the publicity
given to the report of the Commissioner on the cost of living, the Company
demands the same publicity in having an -official Government investigation of
this report to determine the truthfulness or untruthfulness of its conclusions.
We do not seek public consideration as a company, but we do say that untruth-
ful official statements, or statements the effect of which is to create an Untruth,
sold -a proceeding quite proper, as the forms submited to be
filled in were indefinite and ambiguous, thus permitting with-
out charge of evasion a variety of interpretation as to the
information required. It is thus possible that of all the
figures submitted by the different packers that no two sets
of costs and sales prices are determined at the same common
point. It is this difference of interpretation of what was
required that accounts for the difference of the alleged
"margin" made by the different companies. Common
conclusions, however, have been drawn by the author of the
report from varying bases of premises.
The figures of the Egg business were submitted on the
same basis as Bacon, and similar deductions must be made.
(Second)—The above margin isfurther reduced in that
the author of this inquiry singled out the Bacon figures as an
item in which the selling price shows an alleged improper
advance over bast, but he did not give us credit for the
statements of other products, of which figures were submitted
the selling prices of which were under cost. The reason
of this was that through failure to inquire the Department
entirely overlooked the fact that: product may come in as ..
pork and, through the process of manufacture, go out as Bacon
or, in another instance, enter the factory as beef and go out in
the form of canned meats; for example: much of the product
which came in as pork, and which was entered on the pork
sheet submitted to the Commissioner—about which he makes
no mention—was cured and left the factory in the form of
Bacon, and was, therefore, entered on the outgoing side of the
Bacon sheet --the result is that the Bacon sales are increased
by this amount over the incoming stocks of Bacon, and, like-
wise, the sheet showing sales of pork is reduced by the amount
that went out in the form of Bacon. If the Department
takes one set of figures that show favorable to the Company
they should take another set of figures that show unfavorable,
as the principle in either case is the same, and failure to do so
looks as if theauthor of the report was exercising more
enthusiasm than sound judgment in his investigations.
Third)—It is
3.47 cents," alleged to have been ueried in the report,
made 1915,1 the
margin
factory, why was it necessary to show increased margin in
1916?" Assuming again for the moment the soundness of
the premises in asking such a question based on an erroneous
"margin", it will be found that the increased margin is chiefly
absorbed in increased ocean freight rates and war risk in-
surance in 1910, of which apparently the author of the report
was in ignorance.
adversely affect the live stock industry of this country, which is so valuable and
essential a wealth -producing power and, in the long run, are harmful to the very
• people that the statement seeks to benefit.
If the passing out of existence of a corporation such as The William Davies
Company, or if nationalization of packing houses would materially and per-
manently reduce food prices, then in view of the present world tragedy it ought
to be consummated without delay. The fact of the matter is, however, that
with millions of people in Europe turning from producers into consumers because
of the war, and the tremendous destruction of food products incident to war,
there is no remedy for the high prices of food while such conditions last, except
the remedy of thrift and increase of production.
Long before there was talk of a Fond Controller in the United States or
Canada The William Davies Company urged the Government at Ottawa, in
writing, to appoint a Food Controller with full power to do what he saw fit, as
we realized at that Lune the upward tendency to the price of food commodities
unless checked by official effort. At the most a great deal cannot be done in
reducing food prices while currency is inflated and until the scale of prices of all
kinds of commodities' declines also, What can be done can only bo done by a
Food Controller, We wish to point out that nothing at all can be accomplished
unless the data secured are accurately and clearly macre and the deductions
therefrom sound. Orly public harm arises. from dangerous incompetency
in the haphazard collection and careless use of iinportant figures.
As,far as The William Davies Conzpan77 s)concerned this terminates all public statements of the Company, and it will par/ no atxot ntezlojan i estigation.
and haphazard statements made either by newspapers or civil servants. The only further statement Haat will be made will be at an q�cial investigation.
.
Toronto, July 17th, 1917
E. C F SX, General Manager
THE 1LLIAM r' AVMS COMPA Y, LIMJ ED
azeoa.ar,�a...x._...;?,•..-�.�,..:.vnw,mo,�,Mo-
..,�,..+.
charge of the nearest Dominion En-
tomological Station, or direct to the
Dofninion Entomologist, Department
of Agriculture, Ottawa, for examina-
tion; and advice in regard to control
measures will be furnished without de-
lay,. Letters and packages up to 11
ounces in weight may be mailed to
the Dominion Entomologist, "Free,"
but postage will. be required oh letters
or specimens sent to the other sources
of advice mentioned.
Do not delay reporting insect out-
breaks or sending inquiries; delay may
involve serious losses that could other-
wise be prevented. Write immediate-
ly, or telegraph if the outbreak€ is
serious: Clean farming, the scour-
ing of tgot'ous growth in young
plants an good cultivation are the
best protective measures against in-
sect attack. Keep all crops constant-
ly under supervision for the first ap-
pearance of any damage in order that
it may be checked without delay. In-
creased crop production involves in-
creased protectionagainst posts.
Death by prevention of sleep is a
legal form of punishment in China.
War Gases Ilnrt Vegetation.
The asphyxiating gasses used in
Iluropean warfare have been found to
influoitee vegeta fon, the effects vary -
in with the
g plant,the 'stage of
growth, moisture in the air end other
conditions. In the Champagne region
certain pities were reddened or burned,
though other trees, like the juniper,
showed no harm. In April, plants in
hothouses five miles from the firing
line wore much affected,, and grape-
vines in particular suffered damage,
though not from burning. Whitish or
brownish spots appeared on site leaves,
which afterward fell off, The injury
to growing grain, especially- rye, Was
quite notable, though of Less serious
character.