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The Seaforth News, 1917-05-31, Page 7anca uerieS 1yQ�.jC•i:srfY.Pa.0@X Y uupr� II�iUli�f'9�� 310 yy�p����, l r 1 ,'l , 1Ptav:,fl,i441440'i '•, fid?"'" • Conducted by Professor Ilenry G. J3e11. Tho cbJect of Bile 'department Is to .piece at 'the ° service of our farm,.readcra the advice of en aoicnowh edgedrope. authority on ell eubjecte pertaining to collo and G ie Address all questions to Proreaear Henry G. Bell, In care of The Wilson Publishing Company, Limited, To' ronto, and answers .will appear In thls column in the order In which 'they are received. An space is limited It le advisable where Immediate reply le necessary that a stamped and addressed envelope be enclosed with the Henry G. Belle, question, when the anewer will be mailed direct. Question—M. A. C.:—My seeding with grain Met year was a failure. It did not catch. Would you recommend manuring and plowing the stubble for potatoes this year? Would it do for beans where potatoes grew last Year? It was a big growth of clover, also enanured, plowed under and potatoes planted, I want to reserve an old meadow to plow under for cern this year and will also have to plow last year's potato and corn ground for oats this year? Answer:—The land where your seeding failed, if plowed up and then carefully immured, should make good potato ground this year. I would ad- vise in addition to the manure about 400 p .:nds of fertilizer carrying 2 to 3% ammonia, 8 to 12% available Phosphoric acid and 1 to 2% potash. Scatter this down the drill rows when you pure planting the potatoes. 4 good method of application is to drop the seed pieces of potatoes and cover them lightly with soil, and then dust the fertilizer along over the hill and drills and finish the covering, This addition of available plantfood will give the crop a strong, vigorous start. This land would do well for benne, also. Question—R. 1:—I have a piece of land that has been rim for years with- out clover or manure. This land is quite sandy and contains practically no humus. Now, if I apply 12 good loads of manure to the acre, which would..bo the most profitable crop for me to raise, corn or potatoes? I raised corn on similar land last year that went 00 crates to the acre, with manure. Would this ground hold moisture sufficient to grow a good crop of potatoes? Answer:—If you have potato seed, by all means potatoes would be the most profitable crop for you to grow on the land in question. I would re- commend adding fertilizer to the man- ure, as per answer to M. A. C. Under normal conditions you should not have any trouble from lack of moisture. If you have to buy potato seed, at present prices it may be more profitable to grow corn, but this you will have to decide from your own local conditions. If you seed it to corn, I would advise adding about 200 pounds of fertilizer to the acre, spreading it brrcdeast and working it into the grounr before you plant the corn. It should'"carry from 2 to 3% ammonia and 8 to 10% phosphoric acid. Question—W. A. C.:—I would like to get your opinion in regards to plant- ing beans in hills, planted 28 inches each way. Do you think the yield would be as good as if they were drill- ed? They could be worked both ways and kept much cleaner and less seed would do. The seed is so high in price this year it would be quite a saving in the cost of the crop. Answer:—I am very much in favor of planting beans in the hill, especial- ly on land that is likely to be weedy or where disease has been prevalent. As a rule, the yield will be almost as high as if they were drilled and' fre- quently better as disease is not so like- ly to spread from one plant to another, I would suggest the seed be tested'to learn what percentage will germinate, and siltec seed• is so high-priced, that the drill be also tested to see if it plants the quantity of seed desired, I would also put on about 200 to 300 pounds of fertilizer to the acre. The fertilizer may be put on broadcast and worked into the ground before the beans are planted, or it may be put on as the beans are planted if care is taken to see that the fertilizer does not cone in close contact with the beans in the soil, Question—R. M.:—I have about six- teen acres of wheat that is kindly Iciil- ed in the low places, and I don't wish to plow the wheat up on account of expectations of a high price next year. ° Do you think it would be ad- visable to drag up these low places and sow to Spring wheat? Could it all be harvested together? If so please tell ins where seed could be procured and how and when it should be sown. If spring wheat is not advisable how would either buckwheat or beans be? Answer:—If it is not already too late when you road this answer and you can secure the seed, I would ad- vise the sowing of spring wheat where the winter wheat has killed out, It is almost impossible to tell whether the wring wheat -and winter wheat solei be harvested together or not. This would depend entirely on the weather and whether the two wheats ripen at the same time. In fact, I should expect them not to ripen to- gether. You should sow the wheat at once. All that is necessary to do would be 'to harrow or disk up the ground and drill in the wheat. Per- haps you will be able to secure spring wheat seed in your community or from some of the elevator mien. Unless you are able to get it close at hand it will be too late to sow it. In such case, either buckwheat or beans will make a splendid crop. In fact, I would prefer the planting of beans as they can be put -in any time up to the last of June, just so they have time enough to ripen off before frost. In this ease the ground should be thor- oughly disked or harrowed up and worked down, after which the beans may be planted in rows 21 or 28 inches ape:., A grain dri. with part of the grain tubes stopped up offers the bost means of planting the beans. When% planted this way some fertilizer can also be applied. The bast way prob- ably is to stop up the fertilizer tube directly over the row containing the beans but allowing the fertilizer to run down the tubes on each side of the one dropping the beans. Question—J. B. 11.:—Isn't it consid- ered poor policy to plant corn in ground that grew sugar beets last. year,;if only a light crep? There are two fields which are desired for corn and beans. One is sod and the oth- er grew beets last year, soil about the same. Both corn and beans require rich ground, which one will be best to follow beets? Answer:—Regarding beans and corn following sugar beets, the U. S. De- partment of Agriculture studied 115 farms and found that, following sugar beets, the yield of corn was increased by 12 bushels to the acre and beans 5 bushels. This would indicate that either corn or beans could be planted in the ground that was in sugar beets, From these figures we ought not to judge that sugar beets make the soil rich in fertility but rather because they are cultivated during the summer the soil is put in better tilth for the growing of the following crops. I would recommend that the sod ground be put to corn and that beans be put in the sugar beet land as beans do not do'well on freshly turned sod or where too much fresh manure or organic matter is added to the soil. If about 300 pounds of fertilizer analyzing high in phosphoric acid are used on the corn land and probably 200 to 250 on the bean field, good crops should be secured this year. The Retort Courteous. The following ancedote is carefully preserved by a family whose Scotch ancestors took a rise out of the great lexicograph: Hostess—"Dr. Johnson, what do you think of our Scotch broth?" Dr. Johnson—"Madam, in my opin- ion it's only fit for pigs." Hostess—"Then have some more." TOM,dERE CoMES 01.)R CAR r' Fish Pond For The Farm. Why shouldn't a farmer raise fish as well as chickens? Given proper fresh water supply and reasonable space for a pond, an astonishing quantity may be had in two or three years. Doing the impossible is a common- place of enterprise. Wa.'LL GET TIIE NEAT ONE.. 1 WANT POSTOP IN YNIS D8LICATCSSEN .e.* d Market in Jnno. An roosters, old hens, curly broil. era, green (lecks. During the first week in June, kill off, dispose of or remove from the flock, the male birds after the breed- ing Seasat. Their presence in the flock after title date causes a lose of a million dollars a year to Canadian farinern through the sale of partially incubated and bad eggs in the produce which is marketed. All old hens should also be marketed at this date. The proper way to carry a fowl to to place it under the arm, the head pointing to the rear, and the feet held firmly by the hand. In this way the bird can be carried for miles without the least discomfort to it or the per- son carrying it, In former years, the common prne- tise wee to carry poultry by the legs, head hanging downward. This was a bad mode and one that never was used by regular poultrymen. When the head is hanging downward there is no- thing to prevent a rush of blood to it, and it is the belief that many eases of vertigo can be traced to such acts of carelessness. But still more Gruel is lifting the body by their wings. Should the fowl struggle when thus handled, it is a very easy matter to snap the cords of the wings and thus permanently in- jure the bird. Poultry roughly hanclled lose confi- dence in their attendant, and loss of confidence in the hennery often has a bad effect upon the egg erop. Besides, any method that points the least bit toward cruelty should not be permit- ted. Gentleness is a virtue that even hens appreciate. The mash for the chicks may con- sist of equal parts of bran, middlings and cornmeal, and half part of beef scrap, but the composition is more or less dependent on the feeds that are most available, Pullets that are stunted by poor feeding during the first few weeks of their lives will prove a decided dis- appointment from the standpoint of their egg production. The most effective method for body lice on hens is the application of a dilution of either mercurial ointment or blue ointment, Mercurial ointment contains fifty per cent. of metallic mercury. Blue ointment is a mix- ture consisting of sixty-seven per cent, of mercurial ointment and of thirty- three per cent. of vaseline and, there- fore, contains thirty-three and one- third per cent. of mercury, Replanting Sand Dunes. The famous Sandbanks in Prince Edward county may be converted into. a big reforestation plot. The drifting sand has covered several hundred acres of farm lands adjoining, render- ing the property useless. A deputa- tion waited upon Hon. G. H. Ferguson, Minister of Lands, Forests and Mines, Toronto, with the request that the On- tario government establish a re orest- ation scheme upon this barrel waste. The Minister seemed favorably im- pressed with the suggestion and pier mised consideration. 4 Creast Remedy 11 H1llcNl)1Itti.,1 8 llbrli trent° mrnt. la taper norm, will eine. rheunuHhtun r:siluurion, rer"enee erkunaaeh trennla., kidney and ,leer trouble; 1. brae month' treatment with our reItlaed guarantee, torone dollar, moat paid. Ticndarscn herb co., r'1:1 !Medina Arr 'Parente; agents wanted. `tomato Culture, Tomato seed sown in boxes in the house in March will produce plants that will fruit the ranee season. Plants ready to be set out can be 'purchased from seedemen, In buying plants select strong, sturdy plants, avoiding the tall drawn specimens that are fre- quel)tly offered. Where tall, rpindly plants of tomatoes must be used pinch off the top. This will check the up- right growth temporarily and give the plants an opportunity of becoming stronger. It also causes them to branch. There are several systems for grow- ing tomatoes. Some prefer the one stem system; one or two stems only are trained to a long stake. This keep`s` the fruit off the ground and lets the sunlight and air reach all sides of the plants,, Another system is to set the plants under trellises made by running nar- row strips of wood along stakes about two and a half feet above the surface of the ground. Two strips are run about two feet apart, braced with cross sections very two feet to form a rigid frame or trellis. The tomato plants are set cut under the middle of this framework and trained up through the centre, the frame support- ing the plants when they are laden with fruit. Another method is to make a trellis the shape of a funnel, setting this over each plant. A. b.a•rel hoop on supports is another form of the same plan. When grown on a large scale field eul$ure is the system practised. The plants are set out in long, straight rows, cultivated by horse, and the vines are given no support. This system may be used also in small gar- dens. Beans a Valuable Crop. Beans have a two -fold value. They rank among the valuable foods, con- taining a higher percentage of protein than wheat or oats, and even meat. Beane are a;so of value from a soil cultural aspect, as they belong to a most important class of agricultural plants termed legumes, which are cap- able of taking up indirectly the free nitrogen of the air and storing it in tubercles on the root system of the plants in a available form of plant food for future crops, The last week of May or the first week in June is usually the most FOOD' MORTAL • UCCES ONS The Food Value of Buckwheat is High, As It Is Both a Flesh Pro- ducer and a Heat and Energy Producer. ' By Henry G. Bell, Agronomist. Buckwheat pancakes may formnt' welcome substitute for breakfast wheat cereal and bread toast, while wheat ranges around the $2,50 a bushel mark. Buckwheat characteristics strongly recommend this crop for cereal pro - auction. Buckwheat is a dry grain which can be stored. After wheat, corn and rye, buckwheat contains a maximum of food in a minimum of volume, Buckwheat is strong in both flesh producer and in energy and heat pro- ducer. It compares with wheat as follows: Percent.. Percent. / Percent. protein Curbo- Cron (Flesh Ptb- Ylydratev. Fats Fibre Ao8 . Water duser). (Pleat and 1aner0y 1'ro- Buckwheat 14 9.0' chtc558.7 1.5 15.0 1.8 \Wheat 111.4 13.0 00.4 1.5 3.0 1.7 Buckwheat yields from 10 to 40 bushels per acre. Buckwheat requires from 3.to 5 bushels of seed to the acre. Buckwheat suits poor, light, dry land. It produces larger yields where additional fertility is supplied, 200 pounds per acre of fertilizer supply- ing one per cent. ammonia, 8 to 10 per cent phosphoric acid, gives good re- sults. This should bedrilled in when the buckwheat is sown, or breed- casted and worked into the seedbed by disking and harrowing. You can in- crease the effectiveness of high-priced farm labor by fertilizing the buck- wheat. A yield of 20 to 30 bushels per acre uses the labor much more profitably than a yield of 10 bushels per acre. Finally, buckwheat should be sown later than corn and the small grains. It is therefore an excellent crop for "filling in" where other crops fail._ Buckwheat is quoted in Chicago at $3,20 per bushel, Buckwheat Strong Points. Strong food is compact volume. Food suited to storage, therefore, valuable for export. Thrives on comparatively poor soil. Makes quick and reasonably •large returns. Meer be planted later than other crops; hence can bo used to fill in "where other crops 'fail." Buckwheat matures in less than 100 days. 3.Ei,7 tax IWANT A$otof SARDiRes AND SOMI,- CHCESe i' - I I}AVE SOME vkiet rue LIMBURGER-, NICE ANb r" RIPE. l w.......n w xporf `' Q,"p?7C44.ere. i4, - % 7:d.%(fC 45 „G o to/2k v- Mothers and daughters of all ages are cordially Invited to write to Ole department, Initials only will be published with each question and 110 answer ao a means of Identlfloation, but full name and address must be given In each letter. Write on one side of paper only. Answers will be mailed direct If stamped and addressed envelope Is enclosed. Address all correspondence 'for this department to Mrs, Helen L.aW, 234 Woodbine Ave., Toronto. "Iielador":-1, Eggs should be pre- served in water glees during March, April, May and June, when they are cheapest, 2. Protect the young cucumber plants from the steeped beetle by covering them with wire net- ting, Spray with Bordeaux -arsenate of lend as soon as the plants appear; again at the appearance of the third leaf and a third time before the Plante begin to form runners. See that the spray strikes under the leaves as well AS on top. For the cabbage worm, dust with tobacco dust, pyrethrum, hellebore or spray with arsenate of lead or powder with dry arsenate, "Enquirer": --Balfour is pronounced Bal—as in balance—four. It is very hard to convey the exact pronuncia- tion of Joffre by phonetics, but the J is soft and the re is hardly sounded et all; •it is almost as though it was written Joff, with the ffs a mere breath. Viviani is pronounced Viwe-an-e. J. D. V.:—The following are the dates at which the several nations en- tered the European War: 1914, July 28, Austria and Serbia; August 1, Germany and Russia; Au- gust 8, France; August 4, Belgium and Great Britain; August 8, Montene- gro; August 23, Japan; November 5, Turkey. 1915, May 23, Italy; June 3, San Marino; October 14, Bulgaria. 1910, March 8, Portugal; August 28, Rumania._ 1917, April 0, United States of America; April 7, Cuba. A. J. L.:-1, In the partly shaded location yell describe, you should be able to grow lettuce, early or late cab- bage, cauliflower, or spinach. Do not try beans, eggplants, corn, tomatoes, 2. Dahlia roots need warm soil and warm weather, so it is not safe to plait them at this time. "School Girl": The cause of the so- called "blackheads" is the clogging of the pores with dust and grease, which hardens and pits the face with tiny black specks. The first step is to thoroughly cleanse the skin, Every night wash thoroughly with warm water and a good soap. Dry skin care- fully, apply to the spots an ointment made of 1 ounce soap liniment and 1 ounce ether well mixed, and allow it to remain on during the night. Wash off in the morning with warm water and rinse with cold. Continue this treatment until the blackheads have disappeared. To contract the pores wipe the face with a little alcohol or eau de cologne, Frequently pimples appear with the blackheads, and when this is the case make an ointment of the following ingredients, 2 grams beta napthol, 20 grams sulphur pre- cipitate, 20 grams potash soap, Mix thoroughly and apply to the pimples at night. This preparation may be used at the same time as the black- head ointment. Do not be discour- aged if you see no improvement in your complexion as the weeks slip by. It sometimes requires months to get rid of pimples and blackheads. "Perplexed": -1. A felon is an in- fection of the tissue around the finger nail. The constant application of a wet dressing, equal parts of alcohol and water, may check it, If it pro- gresses a surgeon should be consulted, as the infection may cause great trou- ble. 2. Worry can check the secre- tion of gastric juices and also impair the normal motion of the stomach. 3. Greens and green vegetables are the best source of iron for blood building. 4. The eyes should have a rest from reading and from all kinds of fine work. Out-of-door recreation, such as gardening and almost any form of out- door employment will be' found bene- ficial "Housewife":—Onions and water will remove the smell of paint from a room. Slice several onions, put them in a pail of water and stand the pail in the closed room over night, W. A.;—Probably the reason baby cries when you lift him is that you hurt him by not lifting him properly. In lifting a baby, grasp the clothing just below the feet with your right hand, slip the left hand under the baby from below upward until the head is reached, supporting with the hand and lifting the child on the left arm. suitable time for planting, although the time of planting may vary slightly 00 according to district and season, but I ' should not be delayed after the soil has become warm and dry. Some of the best yielding varieties of field beans are Pearce's Improved Tree. Schofield Pea, Medimn or Navy, Common White Pea and white Wonder, These varieties require from 112 to 115 days in which to reach the proper stage of maturity for harvesting. After planting, but before the plants appear, which will usually be from three to six days, depending largely upon the weather, it is advisable to harrow the soil lightly with a slant - tooth harrow or even a light smooth- ing harrow. This operation will break the crust, destroy weeds, help warm the soil and stimulate rapid germination of the seed and growth of the plants. As soolt as possible after the beans are up, and can be seen in the row, the single and two -row cultivators should be used" It should be the aim of every grower to keep the soil stirred on the surface. Thus es promptly as practicable after each rain and in time to prevent the form- ing of a crust the soil should be stirred by means of the cultivator. The work of cultivation also should be kept well in hand early in the season so that little cultivation need- be given after the blossoming stage of growth has been reached. A Better Name. There is a cleryman in en Ohio city who is vely proud. of his record as a marrying parson, "Why, sir," said he to a Cincinnati n.an whao was visiting hint, "I marry about fifty couples a week, right here in this parsonage!" "Parsonage?" returned the Cin- cinnati man, "I should fall it the union depot." ,-- Fight the fly with cleanliness, tidi- ness and ventilation. Give each calf a chance to drink wa- ter at least twice each day. What the cream separator has done for farriers in the way of improved and labor-saving methods of creaming milk, the milk machine will do in milk- ing cows, which is one of the most troublesome jobs on a dairy farm. W. H. Johnstone of Moose Jaw, Sask., who uses a three -unit milking machine, says that two men can run machine, weigh milk and strip twenty cows per hour. I -le used the machine on thirty cows the first morning. A test of the whole herd does not give the needful information; this matter of cow -testing is a strict ques- tion of individual capacity. Sixty patrons of two creameries in Prince Edward ` Island averaged 884 pounds of fat aper herd, after tivo years of cow -testing these sixty herds averaged 955 pounds of fat; this is a gain of seventy-one pounds of fat per herd, or eight per cent. When we consider that a five -dollar calf may grow into a hundred -dollar cow, it seems preposterous to send it to the butcher. Too many farmers do not realize the feeding value of skim milk. They think that because the fat has been re- moved a much larger quantity of milk should be fed. As a result, the calves are often overfed. That Feminine Intuition. When a man is in love with a girl he should tell her as a matter of form, though the chances are that she knew it before he did. The man who introduced thimbles to England was John Lofting, a me- chanic and metal -worker of Holland, who settled in England in the latter part of the seventeenth century, and practiced their manufacture in various metals with great success. 14, Bathing The Baby. As. adults cannot properly main- tain health unless frequent bathing is indulged in, it is hardly fair to ex., pint a baby to be well, and comfortable unless it is kept clean. The baby should be. bathed every day, during the first few weeks of its life, the directions of a physician or nurse should be followed carefully even regarding baby's bath. When the mother takes this duty upon herself, however, slto will .probr ably find it most coovient 10 bathe the babyein the morning. A. good time is just before midmorning feed', ing and after the bowels have moved, A baby should never be bathed just after feeding time. Before the moth-• er starts to prepare the baby for its bath she should first see that her own hands are thoroughly washed to. remove all dirt and germs. The temperature of the room In. which the baby is to receive its bath. should be about 72 degrees. Care should be taken to see that it is not warmer, for then there is danger of the infant's becoming chilled when taken into another room after the bath is finished. In winter time it is well to protect the infant from drafts while it is in the tub by means of screens or by hapging blankets over a row of chairs... After a baby is several weeks old a little bath tub made for the purpose can be used unless the doctor orders otherwise. When a porcelain basin is used, see that it is slightly warm- ed before being filled with the baby's water. The bath water should be at body heat or even a trifle above, which morns from 98 to 100 degrees. The mother who has no bath thermometer can test the water with her elbow. When it feels neither hot nor cold it is right for the baby. Two things mothers should be ex- ceedingly careful about are: First, not to add hot water to the bath while the baby is in the tub: Sec- ondly, never to leave a young baby. alone in a tub of water. Unnecessary exposure of the baby to the danger of a chill can be avoided by having soap, towels, clean clothing and powder at hand near the tub. The mother should be careful not to use too much or too. strong a soap. She should rinse the baby's body carefully after washing and should rub but • lightly when drying with soft towels.. Wash the baby's head first. While cleansing the scalp lower the infant's head a little so that the soap will not get into its eyes. Next soap the baby's entire body, using a bland white soap. Quickly and carefully sponge off its body, then lift out of the tub and wrap the child at once in a warmed towel. Whenplacing teem the child in the tub hold it with the left forearm under the neck and shoulders, the hand un- der its arms, lifting its feet and legs with the right hand. TESTING THE DENTIST. Illustrating The Caution And The Selfishness of Orientals. To illustrate Oriental habits of thought, Lord Cromer tells, in the Quarterly Review, this story of Ismail Pasha, Khedive of Egypt. It once happened that Ismail was suffering from toothache. 'He sent for a Euro- pean dentist, who told him that he ought to have the tooth out. Ismai said hat he was afraid it would b very painful. He was informed ' reply that, if he would allow th dentist to administer laughing gas t him, he would feel nothing:" He sti doubted, but told the dentist to brin his apparatus to the palace and h would then discuss the question. The dentist compiled, and explain the process to the Ilhedive. Isma than summoned an attendant and tot him to send up the sentry who was itis door. When the ,man arrived the Khedi ordered him to sit down in a chai and requested the dentist to take o a tooth on either side of his ja Ismail then asked the man wheth he had felt anything, and the man to him that he had not. But Ismail w not yet satisfied, He said that .1 sentry was a young, strong man, a that he would like to see the ape mcnt tried on some one of weal physique. Accordingly he summoned a s1 girl from, the harem and had • dentist extract two of her to Finding that she did not show dense of extreme suffering, he t consented to have his own tooth ( It is related, although possibly t part of the story is apocryphal, the dentist then received an ordei the Egyptian treasury for one t sand pounds. Putty for glazing should conta per cent. of white lead to wits: the weather. The old remark about a red eve and a gray morning as indicating. weather (alluded to in the Gosp St. Mathew) still holds good as as that which says that a, red sl the morning foretell bad weather much rain and perhaps wind, of these iemarks has taken for "A red sky at night is the • e delight; a red slay at morning i sailors' warning." fi IMAniniagab