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The Seaforth News, 1917-05-24, Page 7Conducted by Professor Henry G. Ben. The object of this department le to place at the cervica of our farm readers the advice of an acknowl• ',deed authority on all subjects pertaining to soils and crops, Address an questions to Professor Henry G. Bell, In care of The Wilson Publishing Company, Limited, To• ronto, and answers well appear In this column In the order In which they are received, As apace le limited it Is advisable where Immediate reply Is necessary that a stamped and addressed envelope be enclosed with the Henry G. Ben. question, when the answer will be mailed direct. Question—T. A. L.:—What is the best way for putting fertilizer on for potatoes and how • much fertilizer would you Peet on a quarter of an acre? Shouse the fertilizer be mixed with earth before the potatoes are put in or would it bo all right put in the hills with the seed? I have just read It would burn seed. Answer:—Two hundreds pounds of fertilizer to the qu;.rter-acre is a mod- erato application for potatoes. This fertilizer should analyze 2% ammonia, 8 to 10% available phosphoric acid and 1 to 2% potash, if obtainable. In applying this, scatter 100 pounds over the quarter -acre when the ground has been dug or plowed. The harrow- ing or raking of the ground will work this available planteood into the soil. When the holes or drills for the pota- toes are made, scatter the remaining hundred pounds of fertilizer in a fiat dust along the potato furrows, or intq the holes where the potatoes are to be dropped. Cover 'this with a light dusting of soil before dropping the potato pieces. There is no danger of fertilizers burning seed if care is tak- en to mix the soil and fertilizer as described. When the foregoing has been done, drop the seed and cover as usual. It it sometimes found highly advantageous to scatter anotheY light application of fertilizers around the potato hills or along the rows when the plants are up two or three inches. This can he worked into the soil when the potatoes are cultivated. Question—W. W. L.:—Please send r.ie full particulars how to treat pota- toes before planting to prevent top blight. Answer:—No pre -planting treat- ment can be given to potatoes to pre- vent blight. If possible, make sure that the potatoes being used for seed were not produced on a field that has been infected with blight. The blight winters in the tubers, and sends its fine threads up through the stalks where they flower meths surface of the leaves of the plant. When the disease matures it sends out large quantities of tiny spores. When these spores light on other damp potato plants, they infect the other plants with late blight disease. • To prevent this the potato grower should spray his crop with Bordeaux mixture five to seven times during the growing sea- son. Begin as soon as potato plants are up three or four inches and spray at intervals of 10 days to two weeks. Bordeaux mixture is composed of 5 lbs, of lime, 5 lbs, of copper sulphate and 50 gallons of water. Dissolve the lime and the copper sulphate separately, then mix and dilute with the water. Apply the Bordeaux mix- ture immediately, since the mixed ma- terial will not retain its strength if allowed eo stend any length of time. The dissolved lime and dissolved cop- per sulphate may be stored un -mixed, and just suffieient for the spraying mixed up at the times desired. The proper quantities can easily be calcul- ated from the mixture given above. To prevent scab and to assist in con- trol of the spores of other diseases, it is beneficial to dip potatoes in a mix- ture of corrosive sublimate, one part to a thousand, by weight. Dissolve a tablet in a quart of water,'br an ounce in 30 quarts of water, and soak the potatoes for two hours, This material is very poisonous and must be handled with great ease. Potatoes which have been treated should never be used for human or animal food. You can prevent potato 'stele by soaking the potatoes in a solution of ono pint of formalin to 30 gallons of water. They should remain in the solution about 20 minutes, Formalin is a gas dissolved in water. It kills the spores on the surface of the pota- to but does not injure the food value. Question—C. D. E,:—Is fertilizer that has been stored up in a .dry shed for two years as good as fresh fertil- izer? Answer:—If the fertilizer has been stored in a dry place, it will not have lost plantfood through storage. How- ever, before you use it, you should empty it out on a hard floor and break it up by pounding, after which it should be shoveled through a sand screen. This will put it in good con- dition for drilling. Pointers on Marketing. Most of the market poultry sold is marketed in about one-sixth of the year, that is, in the autumn. As a result prices suddenly fall when farm- ers are about ready to sell. The con- gestion means that part of it must be put into cold storage, and produce once stored does not bring so high a price as the fresh quality. This means lowered prices for the farmer. The remedy lies with the producer. He should distribute his produce over more of the twelve months than he does. To do this requires different methods of handling his poultry than he has practised in 'the past. For instance, instead of keeping the spring chicks all summer, some of them might be marketed throughout the season as broilers. Broilers bring two or thee times as much per pound in May and early June as they would bring as roaasters in.the fall. Broilers are chickens weighing un - dor 21 ,pounds. The best way to feed broilers is, to give a palatable mash in a cleayard, mix the mash with..milk if possible, give some green food and keep everything clean and the chicks free from lice. When convenient, bleeding and dry plucking are advised before selling, though, if the weather is warm and local killing facilities not good, it may pay to ship alive, Cutts' barin Half Do you first disiufeot, and then go over all surfaces again with whitewash in order to keep your stables, dairles and poultry bowsos bright, cheerful and free of lice, mites, fly eggs and the germs al. roup, white diarrhea, Cholera, glanders, eta ? Such a. method le a waste of tjine, money and labor, 'Use Carboi:t inetoad It does the two things at the same time. It is a ddehifectant that dries out white —not dark and colorlese—and gives ntuoli bettor results. Avoiani.A. trot ('n.i•bnln Is a mineral pigment combined with a germicide twenty thnes stronger thrn pure carbolic acid. Comes in powder loth, ready to use as soon as mixed with water. <Appllsd wlai brush or sprayer. W111 not (gob' Sprayer, Will notflake, blister or poet ort nor spoil by standing, No dis- agreeable odor. AbsolutolY non- poisonous, Sold by Gealos Everywhere liOW L%.N7e fONe & CO„ Ltd. Toronto - tlaaads. Hens that have completed their second laying winter and have passed through the breeding season, should be marketed as soon as the breeding season is over rather than be kept un- til the fall. Hens in June or July bring from 50 to 100 per cent. more than they do in October because they are then the only roasters on the market. Green ducks, that is, ducks that have just completed their first coat of feathers, should be marketed early rather than be kept until fall. The Experimental Farm at Ottawa re- ports that 65 young ducks sold at 103/ weeks of age brought on the local market about 200 per cent. more than it cost to feed them, or in other words they cost for feed $20 and at 101/2 weeks of age they brought $60. Similar ducks that were sold in the fall did not pay for the cost of feed. Market in June. All roosters, old hens, early broil- ers, green ducks. During the first week in June, kill off, dispose of or . remove from the flock, the male birds after the breed- ing season. Their presence in the flock after•this date causes a loss of a million dollars a year to Canadian I farmers through the sale of partially incubated and bad eggs in the produce which is marketed. All • old hens should also be marketed at this date. Scared) Fpot punctures, caused by treading upon sharp objects, result in lameness, and, in many cases, the nail or other object is visible when the foot is lifted. Remove foreign body, pare wall down to the sensitive part, fill the opening. with 1 part iodiform to 6 parts borucic acid and keep so until lameness disappears, then get shod ,'with a leather shoe as for corn. Plaai for a variety of horse feeds. Barley is an excellent grain for a horse; also peas, These, of course, Should be crushed before feeding. If the breeding mare is inclined to have too little milk, feed her for a month or six weeks before foaling', with this end in view, Give her C1 Ve1-haY, wheat bran, oats and car- rots. Be sure that she bas exercise in the open air every day. She should spend the warm part of every day in a sheltered yard. Light work will not Nero her, but comparatively few men have sufficient • judgment to work a valuable breeding mare with safety. Don't give the breeding mare corn. A properly fitted collar will not rub any part of the shoulder. Collies shook; 9k snugly on top and on the sides. TfriQ 1rfecGf - ,_..,. 1�111' (� ria fee, a skips Nur,Scci4 anto the1?iano supreme Choi e vc the Wort Os rea-E-.Ar 5ES Sehd For attractive Portfo/ o The Wg.t. AMS 13 i4N0 CO., LTA. Oshawa, Ontario. `17 The Educational Value of Music—The Powers of Modern Musical Instruments to Reproduce and Intrepret the Old Masters. That some knowledge of music is essential to a well-balanced life is now an almost established fact. Music, let it be noted, is the instinctive im- pulse of the human being from the cradle up, and it reverberates the world over. It is the adorable gift of God, which instinctively seeks to express itself in a manner more funda- mentally natural, perhaps, than speech itself , Who has not been attracted by the cooing music of the'tradled babe long ere it sought to utter a word. Does it seem natural to instinctively crave to express one's every sense of feeling in speech? The claims of music for greater educational recognition are so manifold that one wonders that it not given more prominence and taught more thoroughly in our public schools, What magnificent opportunities there are for the pupils of to -day to enhance their musical education, as compared with the hard striving times of the old masters, who had to content themselves with such limited instru- ments as the old harpsichord. Can you imagine how manifestly grateful Bach, Handel and other old masters would have been had.they at their dis- posal such high grade pianos, as manufactured to -day, capable of re- sponding to every emotion? It is dif- ficult to conceive how it was possible for these old masters to give to the world such beautiful and immortal works; handicapped, we migli9l say, with such inferior instruments. Were they in possession of such perfected instruments as we have to -day, who could conjecture what undiscovered form of music might have been handed down to us. From the educational standpoint how potential would be the influence to -day if the wonderful mechanical musical instruments, with their ap- pliances, we now have, existed two hundred and fifty years ago, thus en- abling Bach, Handel, Haydn, Mozart and other illustrious old masters to relegate to posterity faithful repro- ductions of, their performances by o e Gnrtcr7LbY /7xd �fi (�rr� Orr,,,. • Mothers and daughters of all ages are cordially Invited to write to thlee department. Initials only will be published with each question and t be answer as a means of Identlfloatien, but full name and address must given In each letter. Write on one side of paper only. Answers will -be mailed direct if stamped and addressed envelope is enclosed. Address all correspondence for this department to Mrs, Helen Law, 238 Woodbine Ave„ Toronto, S R :--1. Between two and three weeks before the ceremony is the time for sending out invitations to a wed- ding, Announcements' may be sent to those who do not attend the «ere -I many, 2. It is perfectly good form to have no attendants at a quiet home' wedding, The bride may wear a veil � with a simple white dress and it is not necessary to wear gloves when the sleeves are Ing. 3. Yes, have music very soft fret sweet during the ceremony, W. E. B,:—These are some of the most commonly known meanings at- tached tocertain flowers: Oak, patriotism; myrtle, beauty; olive, peace; ivy, revelry; roses, love; apple 1enem, preference; buttercup, riches; anemone, ire tl ;'rteatintieipation; clan - means of the player -piano and phono- graphs. Inasmuch as it would be of priceless value to have such recordings at this time, present-day pupils and teachers will find, and some have already found from experience, that the records made by some of our eminent artists of to -day afford possibly unequalled facilities for acquiring certain phases of musical knowledge. The teacher of musical history when reviewing epochs and events, giving biographical sketches of composers and classifying the different schools and forms of music, will find the player piano and phonograph, or either one, invaluable by demonstrating the record suitable for the occasion. When studying tonal effects of the different instru- ments, the phonograph record would indeed be very helpful and highly in- teresting. While perhaps being efficient in the art of voice production there are many teachers who are far from being mas- ters of interpretation, especially in some of the grand opera arias, for the reason that they have not had the opportunity of witnessing perform- ances by artists of the highest rank. In many vocal studios is the phono- graph finding itself useful as a coach, as also it is in the homes of many pupils. It is questionable that the potential- ities of the player -piano and phono- graph have been fully realized. It was an extremely delicate and difficult matter to convince such artists as Patti, Melba, and other prominent artists of the possibilities of the phonograph, as likewise it was Padere-' jewski, Greig, Moszkowski, etc., in re- gard to the player -piano. It is said that so highly are the master rolls and records of'some of these masters valu- ed that they are carefully stored away! in specially constructed vaults in Paris I and elsewhere for revelation to music ' students in years to come. Music, the subtlest, the most power- ful joy of life, that in which solace is found, lives within all. Within many it is dormant—it needs kindling. dellen, coquetry; da J: '„ litre tilted love; lilas, fastidiousness; narcissi self-love; marigold, eontempt; golden- rod, encouragement; lily, majesty, purity; calla, magnificent beauty; for- get-me-not, true love; poppy, oblivion; amaranth, immortality; gentian, vir- gin pride; geranium, deceit; foxglove, insincerity; hyacinth, sorrow; honey- suckle, fidelity; pansy, thoughts; helio- trope, devotion; sweet William, gal- lantry; candytuft, indifference; cow- slip, youthful beauty; white violet, modesty, and snowdrop, friendship in need. M. K.:—It is not natural for your child to be afraid of the dark. He should never be allowed to believe that darkness holds special terrors. Per- mit no one to frighten him by playing "ghost." Permit no one to tell him stories of the gruesome or the super- natural. But in spite of all your precautions, if any one of the house- hold shows a dread of the dark, this dread is likely to be noticed by the child, and you know example is strong- er that precept. T. H.:-1. It is not good form to use any ink except blue black for corres- pondence. Seals on letters are en - all tirely proper if they are quite sm and nicely applied. 2. No answer is required to a wedding announcement,. L. It.:—A vegetarian diet includes all the good grains, nuts, eggs, cheese, milk, cream and honey, besides all the underlaid with the rich fluid and fresh and dried fruits, This does cattle turd long refused to drink of not sound like starvation, doss it? brook that flowed through it beta; Rather like a generous plenty. Three of its taste in the water, Play ATeaii�Tl'ealEh "" ^" It is necessary that the young e, lihould play and kick and crow to velop its muscles and lungs an help burn up the large quantity^ bodybuilding material which must ediese St &. The Story of Rumble and Grumble. Rumble and Grumble were the sons of the Stnbbletail Bears, who occupied a comfortable cave in the Yellowstone Reservation. Rumble was steenger on voice than on his legs, and Grumble was stronger on his leis than on his voice, but, anyway, they got along most amicably and loved each other as only bear brothers can. One day Rumble and Grumble slip - nod away from their iintents, who o were industriously picking berries, and started off by themselves. "We will be perfectly safe," said Rumble, "for, if anything happens, I have only to use my powerful voice and you your powerful legs, and everything will be all right. "Quite so!" groveled Grumble. They were rather well. spoken young bears, as you will notice, from their speech, coming in contact with tom'ists, as they did! The sten was hot and the trail taken by the two little bear cubs very rough and stony. It was not long before Rumble said his legs were going babk on him, which is another away of say- ing he was tired. Grumble said never mind, that his voice was still hearty, and while they were discussing it a twist in the trail showed them a lit- tle mountain burro, fast asleep, with his head' and tail drooping dowse. "Why should you not ride, as the two - legged visitors do, dear brother'?" sug- gested Grumble, wiggling his ears gently, "I will lead thih foolish beast and we can thus get upon our journey!" Rumble swung bashfully to and fro, then at Grumble's suggestion climbed into a tree and dropped plump .upon flew the it the burro'e e bac . Open fl donkey's eyee, up flew his cars. The two brothers, seeing that a crisis wes at hand, did that which each did best; that is to say, Rumble used his voice and Grumble his legs. Tho roar of the little cub so discomfited the burro that he also used his legs, and as Grumble was quite near, it ended dis- astrously for him, Over the edge of the precipice he bowled, bump! hump; bump! And if ho had not caught in the crotch of a tree jutting out about THE PLAY LIF OF TH Play Develops the Phys of Our Young Peopl Stimulates Their Mental Spiritual Faculties, The play life of a child' le .i tip, from the standpoint of its pl1 mental and spiritual development, the parent who neglects to underat what the play ' instinct means and help to direct it into worthwhile ch: nets is more foolish than the 11. who went away to seek his fortune the oil fields while his own farm meals a day with no "piecing" is the diet rule, Plenty of fresh, pure wa- ter, except with meals. Coffee and tea are allowed, but it is better to do without them, R. P,:—The author of the poem "Green Things Growing" is Dinah Maria: Mulock Craik (1826-1887). She taken in during earlier years. I was an English novelist, best known noticeable that animals play in ',j under the name of "Miss Mulock" and the right way which will make t as the author of "John Halifax, strong for their particular mode Gentleman," life. The cat runs and jumps tt' W. M.:—Here is a set of rules which the ball, chases its own tail and o and girl would do well to velops a faculty for quickness in or hope will answer that it may catch buds and mice, 1 the young deer leaps and jumps runs and makes its muscles strong; child that does not play Is hrough play the min 1• en level' lees' evei:r follow, an w your requirements: Be brave. Courage is the nob all gifts. Be silent whileyour eiders are speaking, and otherwise show them deference, Obey. Obedience is the first duty of every boy and girl. Be clean. Both yourself and the place you live in. Understand and respect your body. It is the temple of the Spirit. Be the friend of all harmless wild life. Conserve the woods and flow- ers, and especially be ready to fight wild fire in forest or in town. Word of honor is sacred. Play fair. Foul play is treachery. Be reverent. Worship the Great Spirit and respect all worship of Him by others. Be kind. Do at least one aet of un - bargaining service every day. Be helpful. Do your share of the work. Be joyful. Seek the joy of being alive. es INTERNATIONAL LESSON MAY 27. Lesson IX, The Holy Spirit and i•Iis Work—John 15, 26 to 16. 14. Golden Text—John 14. 26 Verse 26. Paraclete (margin)—We seem driven to borrow the Greek word (as in the case of baptize, and a few others) to express what no one Eng- lish word will, render. Comforter is grammatically wrong—the form is passive—and far too narrow. Advo- cate (margin)'suits 1 John 2, 1 exact- ly, and comes nearer than other terms here, but is hardly wide enough. The. central point is that the Paraclete( "called in" (this is what the word means), to help us, perferms the same part as the other. Paraclete, who has gone to be our Representative "with the Father." It is actually impos- sible to mention any function assign- ed in Scripture to the Holy Spirit which is not somewhere else assigned to the glorified Christ. flepresenta- tive fairly joins this passage with that in the Epistle. I will send—That the Spirit ' proceedeth from the Father and the Son" is one of the most -pale pa:ble facts in New Testament theology. What the Eastern church meant when it insisted on dropping from the creed the Filisque, is an un- solved mystery. 27. Bear ye also witness (margin): this seems better. It is significant that men are hidden to perform the same function as the Divine Spirit, of course by his indwelling strength. There is a similar association in Acts 15 28 7. Go away—From visible fellow- ship: "I am with you all the days" re- mains true. The Father to whom he goes is ever infinitely near. He means that his spiritual presence is better for them than his bodily: it becomes a more intimate part of the man. The disciples would not have learnt inde- pendence and initiative: they would have always waited for express com- mands, The substitution of his spiritual Representative brought the needful self-reliance: the true self is only complete when God is interfused deeply. 8. Convict—The "world"—which in John nearly always means the world as it is, in rebellion—fights against the true view of all these great subjects. The inspired disciples will reduce it to helpless silence: it cannot "withstand the wisdom and the Spirit by which" they speak (Acts 6. 10). 9. Sin, as normally in the New Testament, is the failure to accept a positive duty, not the mere doing•of something wrong. With us omission is treated lightly as against commis- sion:. and that is why we have failed so grievously in our practical doctrine of sin. The work of God for all •those to whom the Gospel has come—is to believe on the Sent of God (John 6. 29). For this saving faith carries with it inseparably the fulfilment of all God's law. 10. The world condemned Jesus as a blasphemer and "unrighteous"; one recalls Plato's great demonstration that if ever an ideally righteous man appeared he would be counted as per- fectly unrighteous and martyred as such. His disappearance from melt's eyes and enthronement at God'e right hand—evidenced by the resurrection, and the mighty works of his Spirit in "his disciples, finally "justified" him. 11. Judged—As usual, of a con- demnatory judgment. The "world" has a "ruler' of its own choosing: compare Luke 4. 6. 12. There have been many bad guesses as to the field in which these truths he. (Surely it must be mainly in the meeting of his death, which they could not bear until the incredible was a supreme fact. 13. Paul's lnterptetation of Calvary is the greatest of all instances; see Gal. 1. 12. From himself, for each Person in the Godhead speaks for the Triune. 14. Glorify — Interpret, reveal, when used of God or Christ, who only need knowing to be glorious. half way to the bottom—well,- he would, have been noticing but a little bearskin rug, I ani afraid. Rumble was faring no better. The burro was still using leis legs, skeet- ing down the trail at such a rate that poor Rumble was shaken almost to a jelly. Kerbump! kerflumpl he pound- ed up',and down upon the worn old saddle, clinging for dear life and with the senses quite jolted out of him. But suddenly he remembered, and, open- ing his mouth, screamed and growled and roared for all he was worth. One particularly shrill screech so alarmed the burro that he stopped with a sud- denness that sent Rumble flying over his head. He landed with an un - burro, giving lease tt thud,and theb g ng n c, him one outraged white -eyed look of terror, ran clear out of the story. For all I know, Rumble stayed there till rescued by his doting parents or by Grumble, whose logs would surely help him out of his difficulty. I only know that they were somehow re- stored to their family, because I saw them playing roivpoly-slide-down- the•hill in front of Mrs. Tohn. Stubble- tail's cave, the ethos moraine. iae Don't sacrifice any heifer calf from a first-class dairy cow. Cottonseed -meal is a valuable feed in connection with pasture. It .is a good cream and butter feed, and the fertilizing values can be passed on to the land. Give the cows a geed feeding of hay before turning into the fresh pasture. This will prevent the excessive scouring that results from a too lib- eral supply of fresh grass. The cows should be left in the pas- ture only a few hours the first day. For several days they should be left on green feed only a half day, Put the cows on the low ground where the coarse grass springs up and grows rankly at the start, If this grass is left uncropped it becomes tough and will not be eaten at all. • Calves can be raised perfectly on skimmed milk. sick child. stimulated, for all to improvise their : • ouu• to set of blocks makes a first-class ti of cars, a few bits of broken crock a splendid set of dishes, or a garm from the attic a robe for the prime It is perfectly natural for children fin out their liveswith imaginir and it is a happy faculty which ma them contented with what they h develops their resourcefulness tests their ingenuity. Trains Character Some toys are not popular with o dren. Most little people would ra have a crude toy which they operate than a mechanical centres, which leaves nothing to be done b watch it. Children instinctively. the toy which is natural and grotesque. The writer's little still in dresses would go int h of a neighbor and immedi•. tur standing doll with its fac the wall. e doll 'was made bottle and hahead covered, back stocking, woo button eyes, W ways turned' plied, "I ge her." The s the black ha was familiar the "pin eyes The spirit not to be o the child is panions honesty done by are ofte their pl play, sp can be t It has know p with the them. be performeace else's ideas, but our play life our own ideals in regard ,t ment and enjoyment. Take an Interest If parents would keep the of their children and enders they must take an intere play. This does does not it is enough to watch them must get their viewpoint,a what it means to them ane play with them sometime,'. At one time there`w crowded city; life ler childr the community has recogniz they have some rights and grounds with kindly supervis growing more and more n In the country there is the b of development along the semj The nation will be richer in y come for thus providing for life of its c8kildten E, G. W, Pumpkins made excelle eutu feed for dairy cows,,;;. " milted in productiifs e in proportion tee' m crop. / °hES; n j// Y. Y ro✓ rr sees?, ee m� 1 e'°i Topics in Season. Lots of men never do a their appleorchards and the why their trees do not do aai them. A fringe of sprouts gr around the trunk of your up much sap-that,should b the growth of fruit and th of branches that amo When the bort do the back tend 'f• th- alone, don't sl out, "Away„ Just shape m e.s so 'the, go too, and then say, "Colne We'll have a grand time to The raspberry and the patch now need little att4n to keep the the aisles 'etil% the rows free from weeds. Plower boxes on the pore; o rot the bo but are iter t neath. Save your pore placing the boxes on er of logs cut about six inclie eolecting pieces which ar Bred with 'bar Pick off v -s st•