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The Seaforth News, 1925-03-12, Page 2Address communications to Agron mist,7a Adelaide St. West, Toronto NITRO -CULTURES .AND THE' crop has grown successfully- and in- INOCULATION OF LEGUME corporating it with the new land at SEED the rate of 200 lbs. or more per acre. This practice is often expensive and Although occurring to the extent of is 'always subject to the danger of about 80 per sent, in the air, nitrogen introducing weeds, insects and plant is considered 'the most expensive of diseases. the elements of plant rood. This is Another method, much_ sinepler to due to the fact that with the exception apply, is that of adding a pure cul - of members of the legume family, tura of the nodule bacteria directly to plants are unable to utilize this at- the legume seed before dowing. This mospheric nitrogen, but must depend method has been tried for a number upon the supply of that element in the of years, and in cases where a scare- soil. Leguminous plants, however,— ity of bacteria of the proper sort is have plenty oE.yarclage space. They alfalfa, clovers, vetches, peas, beans,' suspected will giee, in a large number should be stabled at night and: fed in etc:,— areenabled to use the nitrogen of cases, beneficial results. such a way that each animal receives of the air through the action' of bac- The Dominion Experimental Farms its full share of the feed. toria which exist in the characteristic wish to encourage the use of nitro - nodules found on the root system of cultures among the farmers of Cancient to meet the full requirements of well developed plants of this group. ado, and the Division of Bacteriology growing heifers. I believe, however, These useful bacteria, if present in. will supply free to any farmer who that the grain ration can be material the soil, enter the root of the young applies dii•cctly, sufficient .nitro- ly reduced by feeding 'plenty of; such rougbages es corn, silage, clover, or alfalfa hay—L. C. R. DAIRY. DIS cap?lience in dairying teaehas me that it is a big•payie investment to Mee tl egrown g heifers good care. As a rule, when the yoiing heifers in the 11 trothrather low in flesh en ac- st conef e seampasture that always precedes the coming on of winter. In. growing younig stock' to replenish the dairy herd the aim should be to keep them growing constantly. The setback in growth during ,early devel- opment is not only costly, but difficult to regain, and sdtiinately affects the usefulness of the animel. Often stunt- ing is porn hent, and regardless of good feeding the latter cannot be alto-' gether oveecome. I find it a geed plan to keep• my young heifers separate from the rest of the herd during the winter. Young stock of any kind is timid and fearful and especially whet running with the older stock. Growing heifers should plant, multiply and develop the swell- ings or nodules, assimilating nitrogen from the air and passing it on to the plant. The plants development is stimulated,. the nitrogen supply of the soil is conserved or even increased, seeding in order that cultures may be and benefit it thus felt by a succeed fresh. Furthermore, cultures are sent ing crop. out only with the understanding that For each kind of legume a special the applicant agrees to report the re - variety of bacterins is required whose stilt of his inoculation trial, whether it be sueeessful orf not. Meng phases presence in the soil is necessary. If a particular crop has been growing of the question of inoculation are not in a shortg understood, and it is only by nccumu- successful] y rotation it may lating information as to the results' be assumed that nodule bacteria of the of such trials byfarmers themselves right kind are in the soil. Many soils, especially in the newer districts, are deficient in these bacteria, and in most cases where a legume is being grown for the first time, or after et long lapse of years, it will be of advantage to ;cid bacteria, or in other words, to inoculate. Inoculation may be effected by tak- ing soil from a field where the same culture to inoculate GO les, of seed for any legume he wishes to try. out. In making' application it is necessary to state the kind of seed used and give, if possible, the approximate date of SHEEP. Ewes should produce a large uni- form flow of rich milk. To prepare ewes to do their best work during the nursing period, they should be put in good condition before the lambs arrive. Ewes cannot be expected to do -their work satisfactorily and return the greatest profit if allowed to become run down in- flesh and physical strength. Growing the lamb crop be- that many problems not yet solved fore it arrives places a heavy claim will be cleared up' upon the health and vitality of the P Ap lication for culture should be p made to the Division of Bacteriology, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa. Cultures are not sold, and the quan- tity supplied to any individual is lim- ited to the amount specified. above. —A. G. Lochhead, Dominion Agricul- tural Bacteriologist. i PROPAGATING ROSE PLANTS POULTRY. Milk is of unquestionable value in poultry feeding, ' When fed for its nutritive value 11 primarily the dry products, such as gild grain, creat in curing babies of rickets. d ewes. If the ewes lack in condition. the lambs are sure to mailer... To de- velop the milk flow in ewes, the feed- ing must be liberal. It has been my observation in hand- ling breeding ewes that milk produc- tion depends as much' upon proper feeding before the lambs arrive as after. The milk producing system must be developed along with the growth of the unborn lamb crop, To achieve the desired end it is important to feed pregnant ewes a nutritious AN EXCEEDINGLY` ATTRACTIVE ENGLISH TYPE OFHOME, WITH ATTACHED 1320 DESIGNED BTc W. 1V. 1 URDY GARAGE Il ll%11 llel r "1!�!!1ffi86l$ 1$'i`irl`i tl IIIlvihy,? ' The home illustrated this week is one reoently planned and is now being built in one of the Country Club Districts in the outskirts of a large Western city. The design, somewhat llanglish,- is frame con- struction, using white • cement plaster trowled smooth for the outside walls, with stainedshingles on the seer. The soldiercourse of brick is carried around the base and a wide open . terrace with ce- ment piers and iron rail give an inviting appearance. The entrance is through a vesti- bule, direct into the largeliv!,ng room across the end, the fireplace being placed in the opposite -end. The ceiling 'over• this portion has been furred down to provide for the return of the stairs, thus giv- ing a nook appearance to this end of the room, The dining room is most attractive with beeilt-in cor- ner cupboards and French doors leading out on the terrane. The kitchen is complete with ample cupboards, place .for ice -box and sink and electric range. The grade entrance is used as a rear entrance also. This is convenient to the garage. The 'roof extends. down over this small stoop and serves as a protection from the weather. On the second floor, there are four good bedrooms, each with cross ventilation and good wall space, together with ample closet room. The... large owner's cham- ber in front is provided withthree closets. The basement is complete with laundry, storage and -boiler room, as well as a fair" sized amusement room. The living room and sun -room are finished in. oak, stained wal- ant, with oak floors, while the kitchen, dining .room are finished In pine, enameled, The second floor is ivory "enamel over pine, with birch floors and tile bath. 11 is estimated that this home can be built for fronir $8,000 to 830,000, exclusive of heating and plumbing. there is a substance called cholesterol, of the character of wool fat, which when exposed to the sun's rays turns to active v'ta in i m es. These vitamines which are readily absorbed by the skim build up the bony structure of the body. Also, milk exposed to the and appetizing ration of roughtages rays of the sun has proven most effi- Rose culture is a fascinating su] - vied buttermilk or dry sklmmalk, , These facts tend to prove that sun - probably met. Some varieties of roses root are the most economical and jSunshine Encourages Rickets. • shine is a valuable ally in building efficient Scientists are' now pointing out the strong, virile bodies. value of ' plenty of sunlight in the growing of strong, vigorous, healthy bodies. 'Tropical men, accustomed to much sunlight, have strong bones and good teeth. Remove these men to readily from cuttings and make very There are, however, other proper - good plants, but as a rule garden rose ties—palatability, and the tonic factor hushes are stock roses budded on to which liquid sour milk possesses. brier. That is to say, the root is a When fed for this purpose, sour brier and the upper portion is of the skim milk or sear buttermilk as either scone variety from which the bud was comes from the dairy or the churn is the ideal. In the absence of this product temperate climates where per - taken. Climbers are perhaps mere ensily rooted, 1f one will fasten to the ground at different points, a young rove vine, it is likely to take root at ,•ach of the ,spots where it is in con- tact with the soil. The branch, after having become web rootea at the dif- ferent points, can be severed between the rooted portions, eeah making a new plant. These of course will all be of the variety- of the parent climber. Rosas are budded -on to briers or other wild stock because these are more vigorous, that is to say, they withstand adveree climatic conditions a semi-solid buttermilk, diluted and courage of sunlight is reduced by fed as a beverage or slightly diluted their -changed habits of living, and and mixed with the moist mash, is they rapidly develop Tickets and poor highly desirable. teeth. The lactic -acid content acts as an According to recent Investigations, internal disinfectant, cleansing the di- which it is fed will be more quicklyMURDERING TREES �q consumed and more efficiently di- gested. Milk can be fed to the poultry flock BY ARTHUR HER BERT RICHARDSON. without any material increase in cost, Winter and sleighing time brings your woodlot:" "Yes," he' said, "I because where it is fed for protein content meat scrap can, be reduced. ! with it the seasonable task of wood want.it to last, Some men•cut every - With the discovery of vitamins cod; cutting and thinning in the farm thing; I simply takeout the inferior liver 'oil has come into considerable 1 woodlot. The local proprietor of the species, those. that I know will be killed out and others that are growing too thick." Home Education "The Child's Fir a U ' o bel. First teFm —Fre s h Y• Should We Contradict Each Other? --By Lydia Lion Roberts Along time ago there. was a little were older? It didn't make sense in girl who was bright, eager aiid full of the little girl's mind, it didn't seem life. She was impulsive, interested in right, but anyway there was no use everything she saw and' brimming asking any more about it because one over with ideas. But so many times only got into trouble: However, she her eyes clouded, her interest dulled, made a big resolution. She resolved that when she grew in) and married and had children, she would never, never contradict them. She would not contradict thein even though it were perfectly all right for her to ole 50. The years passed did the little girl married and had rosy, sturdy children. When they began to grow to the eager, questioning, experimenting age, the grown up little girl never once forgot her resolution. If she dif- fered in opinion with her little' chil- dren she would say„ "Perhaps you are right, but I thought it was this way," on; "Now are you sure that is so? )3e - she I had a different idea about it," or, sweetly and politely, "Excuse me, dear, but 1 think you are wrong." It was no wonder that the children were so obedient and happy in that house that people commented upon it, Sometimes the children would breathlessly break into a conversation, then the mother would say gently, eI know you don't mean to be rude, but wouldn't it be more polite and pleas- ant'if you didn't answer quite so quickly? It sounded almost as if you: contradicted me, but .of course you and I know that isn't right as we don't do it to each other." China is the home of the peach, and because when. she tried to show older. not Persia, as some folks think, The' petp'.e that she saw things differently, wild peach of China is- called "Yoh or meant something that they did not t' ao.Peaches were mentioned in understand, they said to her sharply, Chinese writings several hundred "Don't you contradict me. I am older years before the Christian era. The peach is more at home in North Am- erica than in any other place, unless dt bo China. The climate in the two places is similar in many respects. gestive tract, and the ration with better than some of the finer varieties prominence because it is rich in vita ;buzz-saw'makes his annual round and of reser, particularly the hybrid teas. min D. assists in harvesting fuel for next Budding is done usually in the month A deficiency in this vitamin brings winter, e'er the snow of this is fully of August. A T-shaped cut is made g the ground. p about leg weakness in young chicks, settled. on by the operator in the main stem of This is especially prominent in early.1 The buzz -saw is an innovation of ea growing brier. The cut is made as hatched chicks which cannot gat the! recent times which assists magnifl- close to the root as possible, usually natural green feed; also when the cently in the cutting of fuel. A few just above the surface of the soil. The do not get the benefits of direct sun I years ago in our rural communities, bud, which has previously been taken light- no such convenience was dreamed of. from.a rose branch, is so trimmed as We can prevent this condition by! Any small stuff which was cut and to lit in beneath the bark where the supplying early hatched chicks with' considered worthwhile for fuel was T cut was made. The bark is then cod liver oil. From 2 to 8per cent,1 dragged up to the house and reserved raffia. ped tightly over the bud with of it added to the ration of brooded for spare moments with the bucksaw The budding is best done on chicks will guard against leg weak-' in the back shed or door yard. the south side of the brier so as to floss The buzz -saw is a great convenience ); get full benefit of the sunlight. The • Cod liver oils differ in keeping .down the soaring price of thing was cut clean. What couldn't bud, if all oes-well, makes a perfect their keeping goal -1 n-reasin 1 as cleared away union with the brier, although no ityity' is depen, andpnkoeping qua a smallness ss of the stuff fed tot it,it may ae arenblyo as a matter of principle. growth is shown that season. The hel is dependent upon how they areYoung, Y i held. Feed mixed with the oil should become, in the end, more of a menace Young, sturdy maples, which were following spring the bud shoots outthan a help, growing faster than at any other time and rows rapidly. After a few be consumed immediately. 8 p Y- When we used to cut firewood on in their life had been murdered and weeks of growth, when the bud is The practice is r mix the oil with the dry mash, working by hand the: the back concession, only large trees stacked ready for tiro buzz -saw. seen to be making progress, the brier quantity to be given into a small were considered worthwhile, and USE YOUR Txlxxtxt s. branches are cut away. This throws quantity of mash, and then later mix- chiefly thoso of beech and maple. i all of the sap of the briar root into still recall those frostydays with the p ing this thoroughly with the entire the new rose plant. It is well when mixture. thermometer hovering below zero, the cutting off the brier shoots, to cover The extent to which one uses the beauty and stillness' of the frozen the wound with paint. This keeps things mentioned will depend largely forest oil all sides, and the exhiliarat- out moisture and saves the wood from g y upon the cost balsa This, of course,' was the common- sense way of handling the farm wood - lot. The man required no book ad- vice on conserving his woods. He was doing the most natural thing—the thing that was obvious. And after all, woodlot forestry is simply assist- ing nature in what she' is trying to do for herself. On another occasion 'I visited a farmer's bush which, in this case, was almost pure young maple. How differently he had operated. Every - weather injury. The operation of budding calls for skill and experience. The buds are i a regular part of the feed -room equip - taken from cuttings of the present, year's growth. One cutting will yield, It three or. even four buds. The buds, Its use is made necessary by the are found in the axils of the leaves,. fact that during the winter season, when birds are confined, they cannot fed regulary;ttrthe onumurder comes • that is to say, everywhere a leaf is saw. 'This pscted e the comes growing or one has Fallon off, there secure the, abundance of green feed g gisin. It is expected that areas of: a cer exists a bud. Each bud is sliced off, them in c hnditio laxative and keaps tarn size "'will be cut, for atter ally to be inserted in the cut in the brier' o drtion. • I During this period they are fed. this is a part of. the meaning of; £or- stenr. Successful holders get ninety quantities of concentrated protein ester. Arid it will" be necessary, in lures are observed, fuel and occasion- per cent of the buds to take. feeds. Laying the judicious handling of the wood- teen with) When makinc standard tees uses Y g flocks are very apt to ,_t L _ ,...i_.. ,•t „„-ii a•,,,..., fol. •• tam ally larger, atuff'may,be t assurance that the bush. will remain. rgamst the benefits which one will receive. The Epsom salts barrel has become ing exercise of splitting a chunk from a fifteen -inch maple. The axe re- bounded at each stroke as if striking. a piece of rubber. Saplings and trees up to six inches were passed by as unmerchantable. To -day, these and trees the size of a man's wrist are Let nee repeat again that, in east- ern Canada, the problem of fuel wood —and' when ive speak of fuel we mean hardwood such as, beech, birch, maple end a few inferior species— is not a problem of tree planting, but one of protection and judicious thin- ning and improving. It is true that hardwoods will be 'planted to supple- ment existing woodlots and to create new ones, but this is secondary, the important thing' fete- keep intact and to manage witli`a view to• perpetuity, the woodlots that are present to-day.1 It goes without saying that fire and t catt:e will be kept ,out of the wood lot. Then if' the following few simple! the boldin g is done net at the foot of become constipated, and a condition the brier, but from three to four feet' of auto-intoxication.develop. This up the stens of the brier. As a rule does not kill the birds, but it stows two or even three buds are inserted On one briar stem, spaced an heli or two apart, and on different sides. Roses are shipped out from the nurs- ery as commercial' bushes in their sec- ond year. It is notuncommon for the brier to throw up.a branch from below the bud. If this is allowed to grow it,willsoon be receiving all the nourishment and the - rose will sue- comb. For this reason experienced be as fresh now as it was when made gardeners watch for the brier shoots last February. The inventor claims and cut them off as soon as they ap that the bread treated by his system wear.—Can. xiort. Council. will remain fresh for two years. up production and lowers the resist- ance of the entire flock to disease: So the feeding regularly every two weeks of a moist mach containing one pound of Epsom salts to each 100 birds is very desirable for the average poul- tryman. Bread put through a special process invented by a Swiss baker, is said to reasons, but the practice of stripping "Talcs all `trees -that have been a young woodiot'clean of everything thrown by the wind and those that that can La used—mowing. it down are dying from dise'•se or other cause. like a field of corn—is nothing but rernove.old short trunked trees, with murder! • umbre.;a-like branches that interfere A FOREHANDED PARMnIn. with yoiinger'-growth. Cut ail: mis- I visited a limner's home: ons'day; 'shapen trees, those` that, ere 'twisted in whose yard- was a large pile of and roolcador badleecrotclied:-Remove poles and' limb material drawn up inferior. species; such as -bunchy haw= ready for the saw''I 'examinedits thein, aloe `beach ironwood `'and contents carefully and obseetred'that `others. Thin out li to 'and iihere"where it contained pie '• .cherry,' ironwbod, young trees are too_thlcic.: 'Lastly, do white'hireh' and`„some twisted beech iet.bpen too large: e,hole anywhere and hartl'meple. I said to the owner, among the topsof the :trees. And, by "I see you are considering the,future•iall means, leave the. young, .straight, in the way you remove trees from thrifty good hardwoods! than you and you should not contra- dict your elders.” • • The little girl had net meant to con- tradict, she had. heels trying to get out some of the many thoughts which .tumbled over each other, and which grown forks seemed so slow to under- stand. Yet when these people told her . things -and she was always so g:'ad to have them talk' with her—if she ventured her own ideas, they often flatly disagreed with her. "But you contradict nee, Mania," she said with a puzzled appeal in her eyes one day. "That is different," said the mother. "I ani, olderthan you'." The little girl learned to keep silent even when she knew people were hear- ing things wrong, and she learned never to speak of it when older people quito flatly contradicted her, but she wondered and wondered. Why was contradicting•wrong when you were young, and right when you THE CHILDREN'S HOUR a s ABOUT BIG WORDS. Wallie Wattle's father uses big words; and Wallie, who likes their sound, tries to remember them, and usually, succeeds. Wallie really doesn't do this to show off. First, as we said,• he likes the sound of these words; and then there's another reason. Alec Esterviile, whom the boys call Smart Alec, thinks he knows more than any- one else because someone gave him a big dictionary for his birthday. Every time Alec starts to show off by using a big word' Wallie annoys him by using a bigger one that he has heard his father use. The other day Alec read in a newspaper that wheat had been in use for ages and ages. At once he got out his diction- ary and looked for a fancy way of saying this. Well, hefoundone, and the next ddy he approached a group of iboys in front ,of the school and said "Do. you kids know that wheat is quite an antiquated. product; in fact, .very antediluvian?". Then, though ire ono asked him for an explanation—for the boys were more interested in talking about the school baseball team—Alec started to explain: _ "Antediluvian metro. before the flood -the one that Noah figured in.” Allen Withers, who likes. to annoy 'Alec, yel'-ed:• Huhl -'Li ten t�thatt He says wheat carne before the !toed. It must .have come after ie, %',cause'wouldn't the flood have waslied'it away?" With this everyone laughed at Alec, who protested: "Wheat is antedilu0ian! It is, I say! I can prove it!" "It is, Alec," chimed in Wallie Wat- tle, who had been silent all this. time. "You might also say that neolithic"— he chuckled .as ho pronounced the word—"man also grew wheat. I see you're not used to the word. The neo- lithic age was thousands and thou- sands of years ago when pian used implements of polished stone. Some scientists thing paleolithic man grew wheat too. The .paleolithic age was just before the neolithic. It is some- times called the unpolished stone age, because the men that lived then had not learned how to polish them stone tools, In—" But Alec was gone. As he made his retreat the other boys thanked Wallie. • THE OID AND ` THE NEW In a time like the present, one is apt to become so conservative that he. will 'not look at the new moon, out of respect' foil the old one." But, in working out a simpler life and more economic ways of living, ought we not • to challenge our habits, and methods of doing things in order to conserve those better qualities and more effi- cient ways to assist us in a period of keen competitibn? v ' We aro reminded of a resourceful. British officer who, in the. campaign about Pa;estine during the World War, sent up a signal 'balloon heavily ledeir with gun cotton, to tempt a Turk . aviator who had gotten into the habit ofdestroying every signal , baleen put out by the invading arm- ies. ' The Turk quickly passed -to the next world, when he attempted to bomb' this "loaded"'airship. But, not- withstanding the great damage to pro- perty and life which this Turk had wrought, the British officer wasse vere:y reprimanded: by his superiors for doing, such an unsoldieriy: act., In a way, habits bind oue as the routine of the Soldier keeps him from doing the unusual. If nothing but acts of virtue, or perfect ways are wrought into habits,: there could be no occasion for challenging them. But, life is not so; undesirable things are woven into every life; into business as well as in home or social life. It becomes, there- fore, a common duty for all to sin- cerely challenge their ways, to the end that happiness may be increased 'through the doing of a greater service, and putting into business those excel- lent parts that command the attention of one's best talents. We write these lines now, because these blustery days and long nights furnish an ideal time for the farmer to review his practices of farming and of living. v.— Indoor Seed Sowing. Failures in the starting of plants in the house usually occur through lack of experience or understanding. Foi• ,the guidance of beginners and others who have s not been quite suc- cessful, &Ir. W. E. Groves, a director" of the Canadian Horticultural Coun- cil and an experienced greenhouse gardener, has treated the subject of seed sowing in such n way as to be easily followed. A suitable soil is an essential fac- tor. actor. This, Mr. Groves describes, as a soil that will not pack and yet not so open that the seeds easily sink when wetering.i A mixture of loam, well decayed leaves, and a 'little sand, probably makes the best potting ,earth. Barnyard manure, he explains, is better kept out of the seed box. To kill insect lifethat may be lurking in the soil, it is regarded as a useful practice to give it a good soaking in boiling water. Greenhouse men in some cases use a little sphagnum moss in soil for seeds, rubbing it through a sieve before using. At transplanting time the good effects will be readily seen as the roots come, out with the bits of moss attached. Texture' of the soil for seed sowing is also important. When a moderate - Ly damp portion is pressed in the hand, it should readily fall apart. Soil should be sifted finely for all but very large seeds; that in which the seed is actually sown ought to be quite fine. If boxes or pots are used is layer of broken pots or "cinders should be laid in the bottom, then a little moss if available, filling with soil as previously suggested, using the coarwe parts underneath. It is really best to use only,enough coarse soil to cover the drainage and then nil the box with a sifted mixture. In filling the pots the soil should he pressed moderately firm. A better condition of moisture will thus be secured, and the seeds aro less likely to be washed down too deeply when watering., It is just as well to thoroughly 'water the soil before sowing. This helps, to set- .. tie it and makes watering unneces- sary for a little time after sowing. leery .floe seeds need little or no covering. For practically all but the larger seeds, sufficient soil to, just cover, is correct. If the seed is so Mall as to make this difficult, there is . an old trick that may be used: Sprinkle just 'enough white sand to just cover the soil before sowing the seed. Sow on this and then just cover the sand, which is more easily seen than the very small seeds. The soil used for covering might have in it a little extra sand; the reason being to ' make impessib a the forming ofe.a crust -over the seeds. When water- ing,:be careful not to wash away the _, covering soil. A fine -rose on the watering can, or even a spray, should be used for fine seeds. • A New Version. Editor—" You ca'n't get by with that joke. That's an old Pat and Mike wheeze." Jokesmith---"But don't you see how Nva innproved--it? I've Changed the names trenn. Pat• and 'Mike to 7'lartin Luther and Oliver -Cromwell." The whaling 'industry in British Columbiaproduces annually about 400 tons of whale bone meal and 000 ton of meat and ,blood for fertilizing pur- poses. A small quantity of this is sold asp fertilizer'in the province arid the remainder .ie :exported, priricipally.•to. the United States. Sow thinly is a. principle that still needs to be remeriit-ered. It is well in alt sowing to try to allow sufficient room for each seed to start into life. In connection with .seed sowing the influence of light on germination, is of interest.' It is probably correct < to say that there is not'the slightest need for light until the seeds are growing. Strong sunlight tends to dry out the soil and proper conditions of moisture are more. difficult to main ,tain. It is good Practiceto place a , layer of paper, over the sorvir box or s 1 1 o0 and over this a sheet of glass'' 1 which will prevent undue evaporation. I --Can. Hort. Council, — 0 Ip Y, Shiftiness,, drives,, a- . an .to:, ban ru to thei Ftm ebess to th auk .