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The Seaforth News, 1924-09-11, Page 7Address communications to Agronomist, 7s Adelaide St. West, Toronto SOME SILO AIlis. ; basket is used, 11 should be lowered To save time and annoyance, sed' to to the bottom of the lug box or other ]assert the risk of the undertaking, one receptacle and emptied- gently, There is a certain type of sack with a drop farmer has provided the outside wall bottom, so that the fruit can be emp- of his silo with steps made from iron tied tvitliout bruising it. rod and mounted ladder fashion from Step ladders are especially good for the ground to the top. Iworlc in small trees and for picking rough underneath the dormer work from the lower branches of _larger fillithrough whh is brow spout of ing trees.' The good type are wide and time, machine.is inserted at ening flaring at the bottom, narrow at the nthere is a broad step or seat top,and supported with Mit one prop. upon which the operator stands whenn-small orchards apples are usually assembling the outfit. packed right out in the open, but in This idea naturally lends. itself tel P rge orchards and the sections where any type of silo and is worth bearing! the weather is bad,'fruit is often in mind. The writer once saw another krait packed in central houses, tents or that should be noted. here. The silo' sheds. The use of packing houses is increasing. The houses afford shelter was ofwooden staves and required for a. supply of unpacked fruit which frequent painting. Since no ladder of can be handled during bad weather. the ordinary length would serve the If there is a packing house there is painter's purpose, the owner laid the also a better opportunity to put in track from three old barn doors about sizing machinery and other labor - the top just under the roof and on savingdevices. this mounted the car wheels from oneTwtypespof grading or sorting of the doors. tables are used—the apron table and and on These werthe ]ower end another wheel e attached fano wide plank the canvas or burlap table. The bed at right angles was also mounted so' of the apron table is slatted, so' that that it would ride against the surface i the trash can fall through, and is >in - of the silo. This plunk was also pro- 1 clined, so that the fruit as'it is graded vided twith a hook with block and rolls to the lower end, where it is low - tackle. When the silo was to be paint ered into the barrel by means of anapron. While work can be done rather ed a seat of a wide board of sufficient rapidly with this table, the fruit often length was attached to the tackle with two ropes, the painter seated himself - crowds past the sorters faster than, and : drew himself upward with the! they can handle it. tackle. This had a lock and he could The canvas or burlap table is made remain at any desired height. Move -i by stretching the cloth over This typeof table ment about the silo was accomplished tangular frame. by his feet which were encased in I is fitted for running the fruit from rubber -soled shoes. It will pay the' the apron into the barrel. The apples owner to keep these tips in mind.] must be sorted by hand into baskets. —D. R. H. tbarrel- silo BARRELING APPLES ON TREES Miss Annette E. Buck, of Brooklyn, N.Y.,.is the first woman to ascend to the summit of Mount Robson, the highest peak of the Canadian Rockies. She was accompanied by Mrs. Monday, a Canadian. Hoer to Hang Your Pictures " BY LUCY B. TAYLOR. Pictures give a room thought and for size and shape and then adjusting add the touches that suggest interest your picture accordingly. For ex - The most common practice in and life. It is quite possible to decor- ample, there may be a sofa, a chair, do not usually interfere with this pro- ing is to separate the fruit into two ate a room, have it perfectly "correct,"and a table up against the wall. The cess, though sometime people urge a sizes. The first size includes and yet have it stupid and uninterest- natural thing to do is to hang a fairly, baby to walk too soon, and sometimes standardsickness prevents him from walking apples from two and one-quarter to ing. It is the humanness of a room large picture over the sofa—one that If you want to have good apples, be-, two and one-half inches, and the sec- that gets our interest and makes us will take the same feeling of length—' when he should. gin barreling them while they are still' and two and one-half inches or larger, feel at home. ' and then possibly over each of they "Usually the four-year-old has on the trees. No amount of good care! The apple grower' must get a grad- The little picture over the mantel other two objects a smaller picture. learned to use his hands and feet, and in barreling will make up for lack of ing machine which has a big enough or on the table, the colored print on This repeats the feeling of size and orient ieff e delight armis in andtle their is what Move - care in picking, or picking at the' capacity to handle his crop, and ono the bedroom wall, may go a great deal shape that has already been es he wrong time. - I that can be operated most economical- further than we ever expect in giving ed by the sizes and shapes of the fur -I wants, and he imitates the motions A les are not read to he picked 1 . Look for one ofsimple design, no o nparticular room 't nd keeps the essential hat- his mother makes as she works about PP Y P YP g the house. During this petro Home Education `1 he ChIld'•m FIret School la the Famliym—FrooebeL^ Co-operate With Nature -- Ey Ora A. Clement. "Goodness, taking care of children means spending ail` your time making` somebody do something he doesn't want to do," exclaimed young Mrs. Lane as she took Daddy's letter - opener from the baby and motioned Billy and Sister to continue their task of picking up blocks and toys. "Oh, I hope it is not' as bad as that," her mother laughed comfortably. "In fact, I' do not remember it in that way at all." "But how did you manage " ether when there were six of us to get into mischief and tease and hurt' one an- other? It must have been Bedlam all the. time," "I suppose it was noisy, and I don't doubt that I was sometimes worried— and 'cross. But I have forgotten that part of it.. That is one of the nice things about growing old—you forget so much that is unpleasant. "But about the children—I learned ;FARMING MUST BE BOTH dren can be taught habits of order and For many years we have been ec allleatheiral which will stay' with them vised, urged and persuaded to lool their lives. enough too small to upon farming as a business. Twenty do actual work, they are pleased to do Years ago it was the big idea eminat little, step -saving tasks for mother, if ing from the then popular farmers' the task is a matter, of imitation. This institute platform. But fanning as a imitative age is a period of golden business has had' little to recommend opportunity. it in very recent years and so makes "Right on top of this lovable age a rather difficult; subject matter. comes the individualistic age, when,( There are always a few brave, almost' overnight. the child becomes loyal, optimistic souls, however, who distressingly selfish. He wants the are bound to fin.d good in' the worst of best of everything -for himself and will things, and within the last year br so fight to get it. He wants the attention they have been telling us that farming and ad'ula`tion of adults and will try to is, after all, not so much a "business" a 1•f" gain them by 'show-off' antics. He bul- as a mode of r e. lies the younger children and teases Regardless of the .fact that we the older. He becomes a family nuis- farmers and others have for years ante,. and his discouraged mother been lamenting •because'we'could not wonders what she has neglected to do! keep the boys and girls on the farm, for Johnny that he should get so far it has, as a business, attracted enough beyond control. It is not her fault,I people to cause over -production often though. Johnny's Mother Nature is and along many lines. And as a man - preparing him for the battles of life; I ner or mode of life it should attract, she is teaching' him to think and to l not only all who like country life, but one thing while 1 was taking care of act for himself. only those who would be better off out mine that helped me a lot, and it was "That the process is painful to his of the cities and towns, whether they that Mother Nature keeps a firm hand parents and friends does not influence) like it or not. on all her babies and is quite deter- the old Dame for one instant. She' The farmer isboth capitalist and mined they shall grow up to be nor- knows `what she is doing. Soon his! laborer. The mariner or mode of life mal, healthy human beings.' So that selfishness will be controlled by con -I which seems so ideal in the' country, working against Nature is very much scious self-denial,. and Johnny will be-. could hardly remain so for long if like swimming up -stream, while co» gin to show real character. Hie boast.1 that capital and labor were not both operating with her makes the care of rul contrariness, which challenges l country gainfulllife is sure toyed. hquickly fade children comparatively ' easy;". every' spoken statement, will soon be e charm of away when the farm, from a business ''I don't know what you.mean,' the daughter confessed. "Well," explained her mother, "after watching six of my own and many of my friends' and neighbors. children go through their childhood, I have decided that all children pass through certain stages of development, and during each stage it is especially easy to teach them certain things. "Of course, at first, the baby's at- tention is chiefly occupied with learn- ing to manage his hands and feet. We tempered by reason. "There are many things you can teach. him . at this age. He appreci- ates praise for his . individual effort and will spend tremendous energy to gain it. He can be taught to take re- sponsibility. The irresponsible and untruthful young. people, who are al- together too numerous to -day, were not handled rightly at this age. The child asks inn+rmerable questions, and your greatest possible mistake is to ignore, ridicule or evade these ques- tions. Give truthful, serious answers, drawing him out when you suspect that some troubled thought lies at the bottom of the questions, and in later years you will not have to suffer that worst of all hurts, the knowledge that your child's confidence is being pur- posely withheld. "Besides these there are other—but, mercy, child, see what time it is 1 If I sit here lecturing, James will Lind no dinner when he epees home" chile d I d i not t that the arm of be ru me a P d it when they cling so tightly that spurs requiring too much adjustment and ing really "lived in." Whether resenin mo 1 nes and spaces of. That's the l story. Follow' e are broken from the trees• Neither is not apt to bruise the fruit, The life color or black and white, it rep , 1 the color of apples which eventually of a machine, and the various methods thoughts that greet us pleasantly and groups as well as you can, and if they stringent Measures to Prevent tun red a reliable index, since the in-' of feeding fruit to the machine, should arouse similar and stimulating i Spread of Corn Pest. tensity of the color depends on the be studied carefully. Upon all these within us your Leas' are well spaced the pictures will be ( too. e es in. cloudiness or brightness of the wea- things depend the total daily output But it doesn't do to pick outpicturea Sometimes an odd problem com On account of the danger of further then. A good indication of maturity- and, consequently, the cost of opera- carelessly any more than it does to There is a table in the corner, a chair distributing the European corn borer, is a ground color which, when the tion, Only small machines can be op pick out friends carelessly. If they' at the window, and perhaps a bed a peat which is seriously menacing the fruit is ready for picking, should be erated by hand power. Some of the are not genuinely good in some res-' along the wall. Then group one, two, corn -growing industry in Ontario, turnip from cleargreen to a whitish simplest types have a capacity of per -something or three of the smaller pictures in a stringent regulations regarding the B P YP Ppest, it is better to have g g g green or greenish yellow. !haps 100 barrels a day. In mostcases, else that gives a spot of color and longish -looking group over the bed transport of corn from infested to un- g b life; for a p p p and balance the .wall with one well infested areas are being enforced by Yellow green, and russet varieties however the gasoline engine or elec- oor icture is like a oor; chosen with regard to size over the of apples are generally ready to pick tric motor is preferable. companion—it grows constantly worse the Dominion Minister of Agriculture. when theyhave reached their ro r' The first stepin packingthe barrel • table. Then your walls will be' Last year, during the sweet corn P Pe I to us' pleasing. size and the stems separate. readily is to .face tbe-first and perhaps the The duplication of ways and means P g' ! season, the Department inspectors dis from the spore. In picking apples, the second layer of apples. That is, are in reproducing pictures has done i The possibilities are innumerable. covered corn on the cob, infested with stems should be separated from the range the layers in circles with stems marvelous things in placing at our Choose good pictures, study yourwall the caterpillars of the pest, being car - spurs either by giving the fruit a down. For facing, only apples of thedisposal the loveliest of reproductions, spaces, and try to maintain a feeling lied from the infested areas by motor slight rotatingmotion combined with best size and quality should be used, of balance. One could write volumes curs. The re ulations make it illegal g q Y both in color and black and white. g a sharpupward twist orpressing because the trade expects and custom and say no morel 1for tourists and campers to carrycorn Pby p g P � There are now several museums that.P with the thumb or forefinger at the aril, demands en attractive pack. But, carry a full line of prints of their from the quarantined areas, because joint of the stem and spur. remember that thegeneral qualityand I Ask the Agricultural Repre- ' of the danger of the spread of the p i paintings. These include landscapes, p In picking use both sacks and bas- size should conform to the gradein, sea pieces, and subject pictures of sentati've. pest in this way. ] ots. The baskets are handy for gath- the rest of the barrel, There are other, leading artists, as well as some of the, In most every section wheat var- The regulations provide that corn ening fruit near the ground, while the standard practices in filling barrels, best of the historical pieces. Every ieties show an adaptation to a soil may not be moved or shipped by grow- along the road that. Mrs. Coon said to apply was found to he from 1,000 sacks can be used for ]adder work.' such as "racking," or settling of the good and really great piece of modern fertility range The kinds that do era, produce dealers eon others, from would take then back to Woodland to 1,200 pounds per acre. While 1 THE CHILDREN'S HOUR standpoint, fails to pay, and laudable as may be the optimistic view that, strives to.make the farm attractive even when financial profits fail, the fact remains that, in order to be satis- factory the farm must have a passing• standing both as a business and as a mode of life. Commercial Fertilizers for Potatoes. It has been found profitable to use. commercial fertilizer in the growing of .potatoes at the Nappan, Nova Sco- tia Experimental Station, :according to the report of the Superintendent, for 1923. The potatoes, grown in a three-year rotation, followed clover after oats. A complete fertilizer mix- ture was used, applied at different rates. The results are given with some reserve because only two years' work has been done. It is concluded, however, that the use of commercial te ` fertilizer is profitable in the growing of potatoes. The average yield from all the plots receiving fertilizer was. ' 247.6 bushels per acre, while the plots that received no fertilizer gave an av- erage yield of 107.5 bushels, an in- crease of 140.1 bushels in favor of AT THE CROSSROADS. fertilization. Valuing the marketable "Bee, five, bee four, 1 wish I had potatoes at 55 cents a bushel and the some more,"sang Willie Woodchuck smaller ones at 20 cents a bushel, a as he finished the last sugar °cookie profit of $39.93 per acre over the cost of the fertilizer was shown. Fertil- that Old Mother Coon had given him. iters of different consistency eveto "Me, too," said Johnnie Muskrat; used. The" es were 3 parts "I'm still a little hungry, but I'm nitrogen, 8 parts phosphoric acid, and tickled that we are on our way home. 6 parts potash; 4 parts nitrogen, 8 I don't think I want to go sailing on parts phosphoric acid and 10 parts a log again." potash; 4 parts nitrogen, 8 parts "Mrs. Coon said we would be home phosphoric acid and 8 parts potash. by afternoon," said Jackie Rabbit, From the two years' work there "but we must walk faster." was little, if any, difference in the re» "I can't walk much faster," puffed sults from the use of these three mix - Willie Woodchuck as he waddled tures. The most economical quantity Some folks thing there is more danger fruit by rocking the' partially -filled of bruising the fruit when sacks are barrel, and "tailing," which means are used. In emptying either basket or ranging the last layer of apples in aiack, avoid dropping the fruit. If a concentric rings. POULTRY. Ordinary culling practices simply involve looking the birds over at night when they are on the perches and eliminating those which are obviously out of producing condition. It be- comes, however, a much more serious problem to attempt to handle every bird in the flock, make a careful ex- amination and make a final deter- mination as to the fitness of the indi- vidual for future breeding. - Here is a simple practice which will . eliminate the shock to the birds: Con- fine the birds to the laying house the night before they are to be culled. This culling must be done in the day- time when the birds' can be carefully examined. Secure a large catching crate. A good thing for this purpose is a live -poultry -shipping coop, double deck height, commonly known as a turkey coop. Make. a hole in one end of this et half the height of the coop, about eight inches wide and ten or twelve inches high. Provide' it with a slide door. Set this coop so that this opening on the end is directly open to the hen exit opening in the poultry house.' Scatter a little grain in the coop. Open the exit door and with a little en- couragement the birds will pass out the exit door and enter into the coop.' When a convenient nirniher i thus' confined, the exit door can be closed, and the hens can be culled and taken out of the coop through the door at the top, one at a tune, handled care- fully, examined in minute detail and a determination made as to what is to he done with them. The culls can be cooped up in sep- arate coops, ready to go to market, whcreiis the good birds can be dropped into the yard or, if their future guar- ters'aro ready for thein, they can be transported and put in their new houses. • If this operation is carried on in a quiet, gentle way, the handling of the birds et this season will be followed by nc loss in production. Call on the Surveyor. The payment of two dollars for a half day's work of a civil engineer meant the changing of plans in drain- age for my neighbor when he wanted to put in a main tile outlet for his farm. His eye- told him that the water should go to the east, which was in the direction of a river outlet, but for some reason he consulted' an en- gineer and found that the water could as well go west and -save digging the. trench and buying the tile for a good many extra rods. The engineer sur- veyed the - whole ditch and - left the depth of cuttings every 100 feet so there was no trouble to get the tile in properly. In my own case I had a drainage problem and had two outlets that could be used. One was a fifteen -inch tile along the border of the farm and the other an open ditch at the end of the place.. My plan, as my eye told me, was to run a main tile the length of the farm along one side and drain into it with cross ditches. But the surveyor soon showed me that I could cross -ditch right into the fifteen -inch tile and save 110 rods of six or eight -inch out- let. I had plenty of fall. Besides, 'large tile is a better .outlet than an open ditch. The saving is hard to estimate but the cost in my case was $1.50. A good many drainage jobs are jumped into without much previous thought or planning. and surveyors can earn their charges and much more on many faresrIs. The eye is not a, sure I g.:ugs•of leveTs,.and:natursal slopes of i the land do not seem always to tell the story,—Earl Rogers. I'.I'he number of. eggs consumed, per i ,year on farms averaged 28.8 dozen per person. The per capita farts con- !sumption of fowls averaged nearly lone fowl per month. The consumption of eggs and poultry was found to be the greatest in seasons of lowest 1 prices. d t' a and. home. Soon they came near the heavier applications gave higher re• Bruce County; Duf- crossroads where she had said a sign turns, the increased yield wea made B ce post would tell them which road to at too great a cost. The average in- take to Woodland. As they came to creased yield from the 1,500 pound this post they were very puzzled. No, application over the 1,000 pound sp- it was not because these three little plication, was 24.5 bushels I+er acre, un- Woodland boys could not read, for with a value of $11.52. To obtain this, ty; Kent County; Lambton County; they were the best pupils in the Wood - Lincoln County; Middlesex County; land school, mischief excepted. But Norfolk County; the townships of a big puff of wind had blown that way. Pickering, Whitby East and Whitby or someone had hurried around the West in Ontario County; Oxford corner too fast. The sign post which was to tell them the way home was tops,-turvy art owned by a museum is pretty sure best on poor land fail to make so good the fallowing area under quaran rn . to have its color or photographic re- a showing on rich land. This is an-' "Brant County; production. And it is pictures such other matter about which agricultural Perin County; the townships of Clarke, as these, framed, and hung carefully representative advice would be desire Darlington and Hope in Durham in the right places on the wall, that able. As a rule the earlier wheats make County; Essex County (including Peel make a room look right and furnished. their best showing on the poor lands. Island) ; Grey County; Haldimand There are also many good color prints The richer lands with a greater County; Halton County; HuronCoen- from o from the magazines that may be cut moisture -holding capacity can more out, mounted, and framed to give ut- safely carry the later -growing var- most satisfaction.reties. Hanging the pictures is in itself an art. Scattered around in hit or miss We need more men who do not fear fashion, or hung stiffly in rows, they are not especially pleasing. The true secret of successful picture -hanging lies . rather in studying your spaces to break new ground, to blaze new County; Peel County; Perth County; trails, to lead 11.e people on to a larger Waterloo County; Welland County; and satisfactory progress.— Wellington County; Wentworth Conn. Arthur ty; the townships of Etobicoke, Mark- -. ham, Scarborough, Vaughan, and York in York County, and the town- ship of Brighton in Northumberland' County." From the counties of Elgin and Middlesex, which are the most heavily infested districts in the province, corn that big fleecy cloud. What had we may not be carried even to other best do?" counties in the infested district. "I think this road goes to Wood - Except from Elgin and Middlesex land," said Johnnie Muskrat, pointing counties, corn on the cob may be ship- to the right. ped from the quarantined area to the "I'm rte," said J Toronto and Hamilton markets, but Rabbit, pointingsureitis tothis theo one to theackie. left may not be Shipped north or east- Willie Woodchuck said nothing, for wards. Violations of the regulation he was gettingtoo tired to bother to are punishable by a fine. think. , "That's more of a puzzle still," said Jackie Rabbit. 'Perhaps we had bet- ter draw cuts. We will go with the one who gets the longest cuts." "Fine," agreed Johnnie and Willie. When Willie had caerfully prepared the draws, Johnnie Muskrat pulled the more Capper. FRUIT NOW SHIPPED IN NEW TYPE OF.CAa g The development of the Niagara ,Peninsula as a soured of fruit. for the markets of the Dominion is becoming more pronounced, through the co-opera- tion °of the fruit growers, the dealers and the Express Department of the Canadian National Railways, For this traffic, the Canadian National Express has designed au entirely new style of fruit car wl.ich has' already given satisfaction. No tee is used lie these cars, a natural air-cooling•method being used. While this does not develop as low a tempe•atur ,as ieerefrigetatiti the process is more natural, p ,g .. result, the fruit does not„detecio1'ater,,as,_ciuicicly when removed to the andaeaie warmeroutside atmosphere: There are thirty of these cars in operation between the Niagara Penin - stile and pointsin 0 Q Ontario, Quebec, the' rl'rttine�e'Proelnces and the North ' tff �1es�t, and they received several tests under theimorlst unfavorable`conditlons, possible, before they were finally adopted for service. however, required $9.09 for the tetra fertilizer, leaving only $2.43 per acre in favor of the 1,500 pound applica- tion. This increase is not considered 'sufficient to meet the extra expense of interest, freight, truckage, and handling charges. It is therefore on- On one board was printed "Stoney- chided that for conditions at Nappan ville" and on the other "Woodland," in the three-year rotation mentioned.- but they both pointed "hitch -a -cue" that where commercial fertilizer is angles toward the blue sky. • du ended on, about 1,000 pounds per "Well, well, well, this is a real mix- acre is the most economical quantity up; said Jackie Rabbit scratching his to use. head. "We can't follow the sign poet to Woodland, because it points up to Treatment for Cattle Lice. Exports of Live Stock and Meats. Our exports of domestic live stock and meats, according to Dominion longest one, so off they started down Live Stock Branch reports, to Great the road to the right, hoping to reach Britain during the first seven months Woodland before the sun went down. of the year compared with the same period in 1928 were: 40,026 cattle compared with 84,152; 2,367,200 lbs. Ft'om Weeds to Honey. of beef compared with 5,108,600 lbs.; 62,411,600 lbs, of bacon compared with Sweet clover through its dense 67,408,300 lbs.,, and 3,201,800 lbs. of smothering effect the second year of' pork compared with 1,738,700 lbs. .e its growth sickens and discourages t To the United States during the weeds. Such rampant fellows as same periods were sent: 45,082 cattle thistle and bindweed become greatly compared, with 34,162; 20,708 calves weakened. compared with 13 746 ;, 390 sheepcome And while the land is becoming P en - pared with 3,817; 7,411,200 lbs. of 'riched and weeds smothered, an enor- beef compared with 3,923,700 lbs.; ; mous honey crop of highest quality is '253,300 lbs. of bacon compared with Produced. Moreover, having bees on 91,900 lbs.; 818400 113s. of pork com- hand to harvest the honey °rop helps practical pared with 412,900 lbs., and 25,600 lbs; greatly the yield of seed. _Bees carry a rich man's hobby,”:but a p of mutton compared with 60,600 lbs.the pollen from flower, to flower, farmer's necessity. .. Lice on cattle develop most rapidly in dry, cold weather, and cattle should,. be dipped or treated before the cold weather sets in, says Mr. .S. Hadwen of the Dominion Dept, of Agriculture, Ottawa, in his bulletin, "Insects Affecting Live Stock" For range cat- tle, fall dipping with the official Can- adian Government mixture of lime' and , sulphur is an excellent practice, as it kills off the hice that are present on the cattle, A second dipping two weeks lateris always necessary to in- sure the best results. For stabled animals kerosene emul- sion prepared as follows has been foundvery satisfactory: one quart soft soap, quarter pound hard soap, one pine kerosene and two quarts water. Mix with boiling water and add one gallon of warm water before using; mix thoroughly so that the skin wont be scalded; repeat i.n ten days to two weekss The mixture can bo applied with a brush. In cold weather when it is not safe to either wet the skin or clip the hair off,; pyrethrum powder is a useful remedy. Dust over the skin and strap a blanket on. Disinfect everything that has been in contact with the ani- mal.. Improved stock raising ie. no longer