The Clinton News Record, 1937-07-15, Page 6PAGE 6
THE CLINTON NEWS,RECORD
THURS., JULY 15, 1937.
NEWS
AND HAPPENINGS OF
Timely Information for the
Busy Farmer
(F'ttrizished by the Department of Agriculture)
Control of .Peer and Cherry Slug
For the control of the pear. and
cherry slug, all young pear and cher-
ry trees, including nursery stock,
which have not been sprayed with a
'poison should be sprayed immediately
w,ith 1r/ lbs. lead arsenate in 40
gallons 3-6-40 Bordeaux mixture.
Livestock Reeds
The problem of the dairyman to-
day is to produce at a profit or break
even under existing circumstances.
Greater economy in feeding should
hot mean less efficiency. Ways ' of
improving home-grown crops can be
found thus necessitating fewer pur-
chasing feeds. Dairymen who have
alfalfa hay and corn silage can read-
ily get along with a lower proteir
concentrate ration than the farmer
with poor hay and no silage. Even
alfalfa hay varies considerably in
nutritive value, depending on whet.
it is cut. Farmers should cut their
alfalfa at a time when they are fair-
ly certain of procuring a valuable
feeding material than if left until too
far advanced. Curing is also impor-
tant and the more green leaves that
can be harvested and the greater the
retention of color, the higher the feed
ing value that will be realized in th
feeding -out process next winter.
more expensive. Late sown buck-
wheat followed the next year .with
rape or roots is a splendid method of
checking weeds. '
The cleanest farms in Ontario are
operated by farmer who practise a
short three os' four year crop rotation,
who are, particular in the use of
clean, well .graded seeds and who
practise thorough and adequate cul-
tivation methods.
As weeds ai'e cut, crop losses are
cut, and in order that the Avast weeds
may be prevented from spreading, it
is
.necessary that every occupant of
land, rural or urban, expend every ef-
fort "in digging, pulling, spraying,
cutting, or burning weeds before they
go to seed.
Cucumber Beetles are Fast Workers
Cucumbers, melons, squash, pump-
kins and watermelons,- are the fav-
ourite' food of the striped cucumber
beetle which is found in all provinces
of Canada. To some extent these
beetles also feed on beans,peas, corn
and the blossoms of wild and culti-
vated plants. In appearance, the beet-
les are about one-quarter of an inch
- long, yellow in colour with a black
e bead and three long stripes down the
back, and they snake thein attack
tshortly after the plants appear
through the soil, They feed for pre-
ference on the unders surfaces of the
unfolding Ieaves, completely destroy-
ing thein. As a result the tiny plants
die quickly.
Growers. with large patches would
be well advised to watch the plants
closely for the first appearance of
the cucumber beetle and take control
measures at once. The plants should
be dusted with a mixture of calcium
arsenate and gypsum (land plaster),
using one part of the calcium arsen-
ate to 20 parts (by weight) of the
gypsum. If it is impossible to obtain
gypsum, hydrated lime may be sub-
stituted, although this material is not
so good. It tends to dwarf the plants
and temporarily stunts their growth.
The plants should be thoroughly
covered with the dust, both on the
upper and lower surfaces of the
leaves, because the insects feed in
both situations. Te be successful,
dusting should be commenced at the
first appearance of the beetles, for
these insects work very fast and much
damage is often done before the
grower, 'who is not on the lookout for
them, is aware of their presence.
Three or four applications a few days
apart according to the severity .of
the attack, are usually sufficient to
hold the beetles in check.
Combatting Garden Insects
Garden plants are liable to attack
by many kinds of destructive insects.
Some of these destroy the foliage
others the flowers while others bore
into the stem and . even into the
roots. Injurious insects may be di-
vided roughly into two classes by the
nature of their mouthpieces, namely
(1) biting insects . which bite and
chew their food, such as cutworms
and ethers caterpillars and pear -eat-
ing beetles, and (2) sucking insects
which suck up their food by means of
their beaks, such as aphids, the true
bugs,and the scale insects.
If the insect is one with biting
mouth parts, a stomach poison such•
as paris green or arsenate of lead, is
usually applicable, but if the insect
has sucking mouth -parts such poison
. would be useless because the insect
would insert its beak through the poi-
son and reach a safe feeding pace be-
neath. For sucking insects, there-
fore contact insecticides are usually
recommended, those commonly used
being kerosene emulsion, whale oil
soap and preparations containing to-
bacco.
The Cabbage Worm
The cabbage worm is a velvety
green caterpillar commonly found
feeding on cabbages and cauliflowers.
It also 'attacks turnips, rape, Brus-
sels sprouts, kale and radish. It eats
large circular holes in the cabbage
leaves and frequently bores into the
centre of the cabbage heads, making
the cabbages, unfit for market and
spoiling them for home consumption.
Control measures should be applied as
soon as injury to the plants becomes
evident.
Dusting with arsenate of lead and
hydrated lime is the most widely re-
commended remedy. One part of the
poison should be mixed with eight
parts of hydrated lime and the mix-
ture dusted on the plants in the ear-
ly morning. or late evening, when the
leaves are web with dew. Particular
care should be paid, to the central
portion of the cabbages and cauli-
flowers since it is usually the favour-
ite spot for feeding, Two or three
applications of the mixture should be
Made • as required, care being taken
to apply the dust immediately feeding
becomes evident, Due to the waxy
condition of the leaves, the use of a
poison spray has not given satisfac-
tory results.
War Against Weeds
Dry weather and bright, hot sun-
shine are the farmers' greatest allies
in the war against weeds. July and
August are busy months for the
farmers,' and it is during these months
'when the weather is usually hot and
dry that the maximum damage' can
be done to weeds with the minimum
.of effort: •
July plowing and early after .Har-
vest cultivation is to be highly re-
commended:
Hay fields known to be dirty should
be ploughed immediately after hay-
ing, the furrows left to bake and dry
out for 10 days or two weeks, then
cultivated frequently as a . Summer
fallow and seeded to Fail wheat ear-
ly in September. This so called dry
cleaning method is very effective on
Sow Thistle, Twitch Grass, Bladder
Campion and other perennial weeds.
Straight sumnierfallow i s also
'very effective, although somewhat p]' t
POISON CONTROL
OF POTATO BEETLE
According to the advice and ex-
perience of the Field Crop and Gar-
den Insect Division, Entomological
Branch, Dominion Department of
Agriculture, the best' and cheapest
poison to use in the control of the
potato beetle in Eastern Canada is
calcium arsenate, at the rate of 1 1-2
pounds to 40 gallons of Bordeaux
mixture, the Bordeaux itself being
composed of 6 ]b. copper sulphate, 4
lb. lime, and 40 gallons of water. If
the calcium arsenate is used alone in
water instead of Bordeaux, , two to
three pounds of hydrated lime should
be added to each 40 gallons. Should
arsenate of lead or Paris green be
preferred to the calcium. arsenate as
the poison to be used, two.to three
pounds of the arsenate' of lead, or
one-half to one ppund of Paris green
may be substituted in each 40 gal-
lon barrel of spray.
Some growers prefer to apply the
poison in. powder form, using, a dust
composed of one part of arsenate of
lead to 6, parts of hydrated lime.
Best results in dusting are secured
when. the application is made in,the
early morning, or late evening when
the vines are wet with dew and. the
air calm; i
In spraying potatoes,, the poison
should be mixed with Bordeaux as the
latter material is not only a valuable
fungicide but repels the attack of
such destructive insects as flea beet-
les and leafhoppers, Two or three
applications in a season should give
sufficient protection from all insects.
Potato beetles are usually found in
the field before the new crop of po-
tatoes is even, up and they Iay their
eggs on the under -sides, of the leaves.
When the yellow masses of eggs are
hatched is the time to make the first.
HogGrading Facts
At Livestock Fairs
The marketing of hogs on a dres-
sed weight rail -;graded basis, com-
monly known as rail' grading', is be-
ing' stressed at many of the livestock
fairs throughout Canada. Increased
production, it is pointedoat, requires
an export, market, and Canada's
swine industry is dependent on the
British market. The product 'of two
and one-third million hogs, or any
other proportion of output mutually
agreed upon, is the Canadian quota
for export to the British market, but
Canada is falling short of this quota
largely because a sufficient number.
of high quality hogs are net being
produced in the Dominion. Canada,
has exported annually the product of
one million hogs. The British mar-
ket is available for more than twice
that amount..
Competition in. marketing Canadian
field and animal products in the
markets of the world is' exceedingly
keen, and Canada's competitors,' so
far as bacon is concerned, place their
faith on rail grading as the best met-
hod of securing quality. Now that
Canada has taken up rail grading,
satisfactory: progress in this method
of marketing has been registered
throughout the Dominion. Rail'
grading is exactly what the words
imply. For example, a farmer de-
livers his hogs. The hogs are then
tattooed with a number for identifi-
cation when they are killed,. The live
Bogs are first -weighed, so that a part
down payment may be made. This
down payment runs about 15 per cent
of the butcher price.. The hogs are
then killed and weighed individually
to the exact pound.
An inspector of the Livet Stock
Branch, Dominion . Department of
Agriculture, then grades the hogs
on the killing floor, according to the
standards set up by the Dominion
Government, and the final payment
to the farmer is made on the basis of
that grade. The rail grades corre-
spond very closely to the present live
grades and the premiums and dis-
counts paid are practically on the
sante basis. It will readily be seen
that the best hogs make the most
money, for the grading inspector is
able to do more efficient grading with
the split carcass before him, as he
does not have to estimate weight,
depth of backfat or thickness. Thus,
the producer receives the proper val-
ue for his high quality and high
yielding hogs. The' highest quality
brings the highest money.
Science Stresses
Grassland Value
Although during the present gen-
eration wheat has held the stage in
the public eye as the most spectacu-
lar agricultural crop, there is a much
older and important crop on 'which
agriculture itself was founded in the
dawn of civilization. This is the
grassland or pasture crop. For many
years, it was relegated into the back-
ground until agricultural science
came to its aid by adding much to
human knowledge (and profit to the
fernier) in relation to grassland, its
creation, management, and fertilize -
tion.
Never before has there been so
much interest all over the world in
grassland problems, or so much at-
tention devoted to research work a-
long the lines of plant breeding to
improve the different forage grasses
and legumes, the nutritive value of
the various forage crops in livestock
feeding, the improvement of grass-
land by the use of fertilizers, pasture
management,., and the study of the
best seed mixtures for hay' and pas-
ture purposes.
Recently scientists of the Domin-
ion, Ontario, and Quebec Departments
of Agriculture, together with' those
of the various agricultural colleges,
held a two-day session of the, Derain,
ion-Provincial Pasture Conference at
the Central Experimental Farm, Otta-
wa, where the main phases of cultiva-
tion and utilization' of pasture lands
were discussed, and on the 12th of
July representative agricultural scien-
tists will assemble for' the world's
Fourth International Grassland Con-
ference at the Welsh Plant' Breed-
ing Station at Aberystwyth, Wales,
chosen because the work accomplish-
ed there is internationally known. It
s expected much benefit to all coun-
tries- will be' derived from the discus-
sions during the meetings. Canada
will be represented by Dr. L. E.
Kirk, the Dominion A.grostologlst,
who will deliver the plena': -J p5.jler for
the Dominion under the 'title of "The
Valuation of Some Species of Gras-
ses and Legumes for Pasture Under
Canadian Conditiozisir.^ The only"oth-
er Canadian representative, Dr. Mac-
Conkey of the 'Canadian. Research
Council,' will give a paper "Nutri
tional Aspects of Forage Crop Pro-
duction in Eastern Canada."
application of the poison. In spray-
ing, both the upper and lower stir-
faces
ur=
facesof the leaves should be covered
with an abundance of the . material.
When the plants are' small, 50 to 75
gallons per acre and when the plants'
are ' fully grown,. 100 to 120 .gallons
per acre is not too much at each ap-
ica ions.
That Canadians are taking advan-
tage •of loans under the •Hopie'Im-
•provement Plan is evident from fig=;
ares 'just released. They reveal that
kt May 31st, 13,071 loans had been
granted anioun.tin t $5 250 8
NEWS' STORY BROUGHT
MOST PROMPT REPLY
Two weeks ago Ben McCue, -.his
bicycle stolen, oi'fered his pant clip
for which he had no further' use. On
July 1. from Preston carne a post card
signed McNamara. The message
read: "According to the press, I un-
derstand that you have a pant' clip
not in use, As I' awn a bicycle and
have no pant clip, I would appreciate
the 'same.". ,And a postscript, "$ave
you also. a repair kit?" The'unfor-
tunate .part is that- Ben has now re-
covered his bicycle,' in rather dilapi-
dated condition and May have to call
on "McNamara" for spare parts,
:Kincardine News.
To Operate Airways
P1111,12 (1. J011.11SON
N
Appointed Vice President in
charge of operations of Trans-
Canada Air Lines. The appoint -
went of Mr. Johnson, an air
executive with international M-
utation and former president of
ranted Air Lines, was announced
by S. J. Hungerford, President of
Trans -Canada Air' Lines and
Chairman and President of the
Canadian National Railway, fel-
lowing a meeting of the directors i
of 'Canada's new air transport?
company,
Hikers Take The Sky Line `frail
171 oter Whyte, prominent Banff
I artist whose paintings grace
many drawing rooms in Canada
and the United States, will lead
the Sky Line Trail Hikers of the
Canadian Rockies on a most in-
teresting four-day holiday this
year to Larch Valley near beau-
tiful Moraine Lake and the Valley
of the 'Pen Peaks.
Plans have been completed for
the annual outing, from August
/6 to 9, of this unique organiza-
tion which seeks out the loveliest
spots in the Canadian Rockies
and spends four healthy; happy
days on Shank's mare touring the
valleys, alpine meadows, and
rocky country above the timber-
line.
While hiking is a popular all -
summer sport at Banff Springs
Hotels and Chateau Lake Louise,
to the Trail linkers goes credit for
popularizing beauty spots off the
beaten trails. Like explorers of
old, they comb the country for
vantage points to witness a spec-
tacular sunset or sunrise, for
camera shots to take back ]come'
as trophies, and for lakes where '
the trout bite freely. With a con-'
tral camp in Larch Valley, the'
Skyline Trail Hikers of the Cana-
dian
dian Rookies will spend'fheir offi-
cial four-day outing in leisurely
jaunts through 'this particularly
interesting section of the Rockies.
On the closing evening they will
have a pow -wow and eleetion of
officers.
THOUGHTS and
Things
The business of living, when boiled down and all the froth skim-
med off, is just a matter of thinking.
Each of us is continually thinking ideas of our own and swap-
ping them for the ideas of others. If there is a famine of outside
ideas we shrivel up ourselves. Children with "nobody to Play with"
are unhappy and unmanageable.
From thinking with our heads to doing with our hands is but a
little step and then our thoughts become things.
The originator of an idea is not much better off than before he
originated it till he gets some one else to absorb it and enjoy it and
benefit by it.
The man or woman surrounded by better thoughts and things
but who pays not the slightest attention to them is not much better
off than the one with "nobody to play with."
The advertisements in real newspapers are thoughts—telling you
about the things that other men and women have created for your
use. Read the ads. They are the voices of hundreds of thousands
of 'looms, shops, foundries, studios, laboratories, where millions of
minds are turning pleasant thoughts into worth -while things for you
and your family.
The Clinton News'R.ecord
Gives the News of Clinton and Community --Read It
1