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The Clinton News Record, 1937-07-01, Page 6PAGE 6 THE CLINTON NEWS -RECORD THURS., JULY 1; 1937. NEVIS AND HAPPENINGS OF INTEREST TO FARMERS Timely Information for the I3usg Farmer (Furnished by the Department of Agricuiture) .11111001M11111.11MMEIMMEIIMM. 11•1,011ii 4111111•1111111M• Don't Forget the Garden Thousands of families throughout the country are planning now to ute the available garden land to provide , food. If people on the land would consider the number of meals that Must be prepared during the year, and estimate the actual earning pow- er of a. garden, more and better gar- dens would be planted in order to pro- vide a continuous supply of summer and winter vegetables. A garden of ene-quanter to , one-half an acre in extent, properly eared for will pro- vide enough vegetables for an ave- rage family. Increasing Yields The application of a definite scheme of crop rotation is being found an important factor in reducing feed costs. The chief advantages of such a practice are: (1) Maintaining and Improving soil fertility, thus increas- ing yields; (2) Assisting in weed control; (3) Assisting in the control of insect and crop diseases by hav- ing various crops on fresh soil each year; and it makes a more even dis- tribution of labor throughout the year possible. Inereasing the yield per acre is one of the beet ways of reducing cost of production, and in this respect crop rotation plays a real part. • Cutworm.Control At this time of year all gardeners Should be prepared for attacks of cutworms. A limited number of plants may be saved by a wrapping of brown paper around each. Appli- cation may be made at planting time and the paper sbould cover Sie plant from one inch below the groand smn face t one half or one inch above, 1. Foe larger plantations a poison ken Mixture is recommended. Bran P,5 lbs.; Paris green 1-2 lb.; Molasses 1 qt.; and Water 2 gals. The branl and poison should be mixed together/ while dry, after which molasses; Should be added. Use enough water' no bring the mixture t a crumbling condition, The mash should b e sprinkled lightly around plants in the evening. This mixture is pois- onous to chickens and birds, as wen as cutworms. Report on Insects • •Eastern Tent Caterpillars are more numerous than usual on neglected aPe ple and plum trees and especially on wild cherries, in almost all parts of Old Ontario. Forest Tent Caterpil- lars are reported to be even more numerous than last year north and west of Gravenhurst Wireworros, the last week in May, began to cause much damage te • spring grain and there have been many reports of injury. In all cases the crops infested were planted on ground that has been broken up from sod one or two years ago., Evidently • the cool weather is making the da- mage greater than would ordinarily be the ease, because it is retarding • the development of root' growth of the plants without affecting feeding by the wireworms. 'White Grubs have begun tofeed, but as most of them are believed to be in their third year and will cease feeding before long, it iS not thought they will be •to destructive as last autumn. Pear l3lister Mite has come eon- epicuously to the front this spring, and on young pear trees is very much More abundant than for many years. Cabbage Worm adults --- white butterflies—are already on the wing and are laying eggs on cabbage and cauliflower. They are numerous en- ough, provided weather conditions are favourable, to become a bad pest again,this year, Growers should dust their cabbages and cauliflowers with an arsenical just as they begin to come into head, • Crop Report Summary Potatoes -,The late spring with an unusual amount of rainfall delayed planting of early potatoes in many districts, and a number of fields are spotty due to some rotting of seed. Up to the present time growth has been slow, but with warm weather and plenty of soil moisture more ra- pid development may be expected. It is too early yet to predict when the date of the early potato crop will be ready for market. The acreage of late potatoes will be about the same as last year, but planting will be somewhat later than usual as farmers have been busy trying to get their earlier crops sown. Sugar Beets—Approximately 30,000 acres of sugar beets have been con- tracted for this season by the two factories at Chatham and Wallace - burg as compared with 36,000 acres last year. The soil, in general, is in excellent condition but frequent rain- falls have delayed seeding, and about 20% of the intended 'acreage remain- ed to be seeded on June lst. Pre- cipitation for the month of May at Chatham amounted to 2.76 inches. Thinning is already under way on early planted fields and there is ev- ery indication of a good crop. Con- tract prices are the same as in 1936, namely, $5,25 minimum for factory delivery, and $4.50 for weigh station delivery, with a bonus for beets with Sugar cootent over 1,4%, Shallow Tillage for Weed Control Experiments conducted by t h e Field Husbaodry Division of the Ex- perimental Farm, Ottawa, prove that shallow cintivation after a clean hoe crop is better than ploughing. The reasons given are that when the sur- face has been kept clean during the season, weed seeds in the top two or three inches have germinated and been pretty well destroyed. Below this there may be many weed seeds that have not germinated; but still retain vitality to da so if brought to the surface. Ploughing in this case would turn 'under soil that is free from weeds and bring to the surface, soil infested with weed seeds. Cul- tivating the surface in preparation for the spring seed -bed should not molest the weed seeds that are lying dormant and the chances are that the crop would be reasonably clean, On the other hand, surface soil that is infested with weeds may be turn- ed under where they will not bother for a year or two. It is claimed that shallow tillage is more effective than deep tillage in the control of annual and biennial weeds, and is also effec- tive in the control of perennials such as couch grass and sow thistle. After harvest cultivation destroys a good many of the annual weed seeds which have ripened ahead of the grain. Allowing the perennial Weeds to grow until the weather is hot and the roots have weakened, then ploughing and allowing the fur- row to dry out before starting cul- tivation is quite effective in control- ling both couch grass and sow this- tle. Both these weeds infesting a sod field may be pretty well cleaned out by ploughing soon after a hay crop is taken off and leaving the fur- row to dry out before it is worked. This land may then be thoroughly cultivated during the late summer and sown to Wheat oz. left over for a spring crop. A more vigorous at- tack on weeds would tend to larger and more economical yields of grain, WHAT OTHER NEWSPAPERS ARE SAYING • HISTORY REPEATING ITSELF? After the death of Lincoln, there were two governments in the TJnited States, the one lead by President Johnson, the other by The Great Com- moner. The result was the darkest period in the history of the Republic. And again there are two governments • in the United States, the one led by . John L. Lewis who speaks about his not desiring to bring President Roose- velt into certain matters and gracious - or rather imperiously waving the President of the United States to one side while he carries on. The other government is led by President Roose , velt, who does not care to take any step in the internal government of his people without first knowing what Lewis desires. We cannot but won- der what's ahead. Already some Uni- ted States citizens are asking leave to carry shot guns to protect themsel- ves as they go to work! —Exeter Times -Advocate. 'NO TEMPORISING Whether the C.I.O. is to become an issue splitting the two parties in On- tario, is riot known; the future is hardl to pendia. But one thing is certain, there will be an overwhelming public opinion and a mobilised citizenry a- gainst the foreign agitators, where - ever they penetrate. A threat and evil have to be combatted; there can be no temporizing. —St. Catharines Standard. DO WE APPRECIATE IT? A stranger from the West said to The Expositor the other day: "I won- der if you people in this district ap- preciate your surroundings, or ever give then a thought?" And sometimes, we wonder if we do. They are se common, so matter of course to us we can scatcely ap- t predate the wonder, the delight and e even something approaching the rev- o erence with which strangers view our d Telephone Association Meet At Montreal The District surrounding Stratford was well represented. at Montreal, June 25th and 26th, when telephone men and women having upwards of twenty-one years' service in that in - thistly attended th e 14th annual convention of the Charles Fleetford Sise Chapter, No, 26, of the Associa- tion of Telephone Pioneers of Am- erica. Perpetuating the name of the late C. F. Sioe, Sr., who, fifty-sevenyears ago, successfully co-ordinated many on the telephone interests in this country and brought into being the Bell thlepnone organization that now serves Ontario and Quebec, the Chap- ter is the Eastern Canadian branch of the North American movement among telephone 'workers of all ranks and systems who have attained their years of majority in the business. Chapter President Harry C. Schwegler, Toronto, presided a t the convention in blontreal. The Bell Telephone Laurentian Council and the Northern Electric Council, both countryside in this month of June. And it is not just this June; it is every June. We have never experi- enced a flood. We have never ex- perienced a drought. We don't know what a dust storm is. We have never seen drifting soil. s Shade trees line our streets; the lawns are green, and the gardens a riot of color. In the country the trees are larger, more imposing and they are of every, kind. The pastures axe green; the crops are growing so fast, you can almost see them grow. That growth spells abundance—abundance everywhere. And yet, most of us are too busy or too indifferent to think about these things. To leave the streets and the highways and travel the unfrequented roads, where one has time to look about and gee the things with while, But, ohl how others, these strang- ers within our gates, how they do ap- preciate our countryside. And it merits appreciation, even we should liot forget thaO—Seaforth Expositor. IT'S THE TRUTH The contry editor is the one who reads the newspapers, writes on al- most any subject, sets type, runs ma- chines, makes up mail, runs errands, cuts wood, works in the garden, is blamed for thousands of things he never thought of, helps people into of- fice who forget all about it after- wards, and very frequently gets cheated out of half his earnings. He puffs and does more than anyone else to build up a town, he urges his read- ers to buy at home, the miser and the old fogeys are benefitted, yet they will not take his paper, but will bor- row it, read it, and cuss the editor whesi they see their names mentioned unfavorably. The editor is also a printer and depends on his job work tor a living, he tells his readers to buy from his brother business men, but half of his brothers buy their letter heads, their envelopes, their bill heads and check books from the guy from the eity who says he sells cheap- er than the local printer. The editor sells advertising space to half the merchants who prosper thereby, while the rest ride along on the ads of the other fellow, at the same time de, daring "Advertising doesn't pay." ' —Paisley Advocate. POLICING A TOWN It is common policy for one to think that his job in this world is the most difficult there is and there is ever evident a willingness to trade jobs with the other fellow. However, were this done there is no doubt there would be a quick return to one's former choice of a job. Looking over the task which, man has ta perform we believe that the most difficult is policing a town. It is a job which, no matter how it is done, never satisfies everyone. It is also a job which is performed with- out publie support, yet the public as individuals are much of the time com- plaining about the results achieved. Records show that the same individ- uals refuse to lay charges against other individuals and rather than do this will allow all kinds of lawless- ness to go on unnoticed. A case of this kind was brought to our atten- tion recently when a complaint was lodged as a result of property da- mage. The complainant in this par- ticular case refused to give evidence and once again lawlessness was al- lowed to prevail. This is what makes policing a difficult. task. The public expects the policeman to bear down on everyone but the citizens as individuals. We feel safe in saying that were there rigid law enforcement in this town many who complain of conditions would be doing an about-face and lodging complaints against the police because they had been sumrnoned for law -breaking. Lawbreaking may be of great or small import but police deserve every support of the people of a commun- ity. If the people will not give the police proper support and abide by he laws themselves, they should not xpect to be satisfied with what any fficer will Carry out in the line of tity.—Kincardine News. 1 at Montreal, were hosts. Always well to the fore in telephone 'natters, Canada continues to lead the world in its per capita usage of tele- phone service. World-wide telephone statistics compiled as of January 1, 1936 and now made public, show that an an- nual average of 210.8 telephone con- versations were held in Canada for every man, woman and child in this country. The United State, with a comparable figure of 197.0, was in second iplace, Denmark, with 173.9 per capita calls, and Sweden with 152.2, followed. On the basis of telephone develop- ment throughout the whole popula- tion, Canada with 10.99 telephones per one hundred people is secend on- ly to the United States with a com- parable figure of 13.69 telephones. Denmark is third with 10.64; New Zealand fourth with 1069 and Sweden fifth with 10.28. Of telephonee in service per 100 poulation among large cities of the world, Vencouver Is fourth, Toronto eleventh and Mon- treal eighteenth in the list. These latest statistics make it clear that Canadians continue, as they have done over a long period, to place a very high value upon their telephone services. This fact is ein- phasized in their continuing to be the world's leaders in telephone usage. TO ASSIST FARMERS IN DROUGHT AREAS DISPOSE OF CATTLE As an emergency measure to as- sist farmers in the drought area in Saskatchewan to dispose of cattle to fanners in other parts of the Damn): ion who have surplus pasture avail- able, Hon. James G. Gardiner, Do- minion Minister of Agriculture, has issued a Summer Edition of the Feeder Freight Po/icy, effective from June 15 to 'September 1, 1937. This policy provides for payment by the Dominion Government of one-half the freight charges on carload shipments purchased at country points in the prescribed area. and throned direct from there to country points outside the area. To qualify for the refund, the cattle must be retained in the ownership of the purchaser for a period of three months from date of shipment. The prescribed area includes the whole of the southwest corner of the province, bonded on the north by the South Saskatchewan River as .far east as Elbow, and on the east by a diagonal following the Qu'Appelle Valley :from the :vicinity of Elbow to Moose Jaw Creek and by the Soo Line from Moose Jaw to North For. tal on the International Boundary. In the case of shipments to points in the Prairie Provinces made in ac- cordance wtih the terms of the pol- icy, the refund will apply on all clas- ses of cattle. On shipments to Bri- tish Columbia and to points east of the Manitoba boundary, the refund will be limited to steers born aftee January 1, 1934; heifers born after January 1, 1935; and cows with cal- ves at foot, provision, for such cows being made in order to facilitate the Movement of this season's crop of calves of beef breeding. Farmers from Eastern Canada who go West personally to select cattle in the area for shipment between June 15th and September lst may ob- tain the benefit of the Summer Edi- tion of the Feeder Purchase Policy. Under this pelicy, the Dominion De- partment of Agriculture will refund part of the travelling expenses in- volved in making the trip. The as- sistance is limited th one-way tourist fare,. berth and mettle enroute to the district in which the cattle are bought Livery, living or other expenses af- ter arrival at destination are not re- fundable, nor are expenses covering stop -overs en route, except for one day each at Regina or Moose Jaw, or both, for the purpose of consulting with representatives of the Provincial or Dominion Departments of Agri- culture in regard to cattle listed for sale. It is pointed out by the Dominion Department of Agriculture that far- mers in Eastern Canada who consid- er taking advantage of the terms of the Feeder Purchase, as well as the Feeder Freight Policy, should care- fully study reports on weather con- ditions in Soothed' Saskatchewan prior to leaving. While there has been no growth of grass this year in much of the prescribed area, heavy rains might easily result in a inater- ial improvement in the situation, and very quickly convert what is at pre- sent a buyer's market M. that part of the province into a seller's mar- ket. On the other hand, eastern farmers who plan ta take advantage of the Freight Policy only by placing orders through agents in the West, and prairie farmers 'whose pastures per- mit of their purchasing additional cattle now, may benefit themselves and assist materially in relieving this distressed area by acting promptly. It is on these outlet that drought - stricken farmers may have to de- pend chiefly during the early summer period of uncertainty as to whether the bulk of their cattle will have to be liquidated OUR FOREST HERITAGE (Continued from page 2) When the forests were gone, either cut down or destroyed by fire, the livelihood disappeared. Gradually the farms were forsaken and the villages practically deserted, One who is at all familiar with rural Ontario will kilo* 'of a dozen or more villages which weee, once thriving and sue- .eessful, but now "No busy steps the grass -grown footway tread "For all the• bloomy flush of life is fled." Does not, the fact that these set- tlers were reasonably' successfu/ while the timber lasted, give us a clue to the means of ameliorating if not remedying the conditions described? Sheold.not there be betweem the small farm and the use of the forest, a kind of symbiosis—a living together for mutual good? Suppose that in 1840 some far- sighted lumberman with a block of Iwo townships, 162 square miles or 100,000 acres, say on the Trent River watershed, had decided that instead of cutting down all the inature tim- ber in the usual way, he would man- age his trod under a rational forest plan. In .other words, as some writ- ers state it, he would "farm" the land, not "mine" it He would first have an inventory taken of the area, find out the kind and size of the trees growing on it, and determine whether or not therewas a healthy growth of young trees under the cover of the older ones. He would then ascertain how rapidly the young timber was growing, anci iu what way it would be best to eut the standing timber so that instead of barren wastes thickly dotted with stumps, like so much of that region and ether large areas of Ontario, it would continue to produce a crop of trees forever. If after making his study he deter- mined that the proper age at which th cut trees was one hundred years, he would then proceed to lay his plans to have every year a certaibr amount of timber ready to cut. The ideal one hundred thousand-aere forest, and it is only an ideal, would be one in which there were one, thousand acres of each age from one year to one hundred, so that one block of one thousand acres could be cut every year; when the mature timber was cut from the last block. (the .one hundredth), the young trees, started when the first block was cut, would be ready for the mill. Of course, as I said last week, proper cutting re- quires that reproduction of seedlings be assured. Having made bis plans, our lumber- man would decide how many people he needed for his operations, perman- ent and temporary. He would pro- ceed to settle those whom he intended to employ permanently in homes in he forest area; give, sell or rent to each a piece of land as suitable for cultivation as was to be found in the district, and then proceed with his cutting. He would not go at it with he tremendous rush that character- zes so many logging operations, but more quietly and in such a way that • nstead of felling his mature timber n a few years, he would .protract the tilting especially to make sure that he young growth underneath the ma- ture trees was ondamaged; and that eod would germinate in the, places vhere young growth was not already stablished. Our lumberman's situation would e then, something like this. Instead f clearing off all his mature timber t once, resulting perhaps in a far - line for himself, but to the great etriment of the country, and perhaps f his children to whore the fortune as left, he would have established a ermanent industry, a forest farm, ting him a crop each year—and a 'op that cduld be improved in quan.- ity and quality by care and atten- ion. It inay interest you to Itnow hat in a properly managed forest he annual value per acre of the crop s not much less than the average iven for agricultual crops in Canada —fifteen dollars --and might even ex- eed 3. He would have a contented body of orkers, living a normal, happy life n their own homes—instead of the »natural method which has prevailed ince the beginning of the industry, n this country, the segregating of undreds and thousands of, men te- ethey in camps for months at a ime, perhaps many 'miles from their ernes, and dumpling the large major- ty of them out on the labor market s soon as the spring drive was over any to waste their winter's savings a riotous living in the nearby town ✓ city. The men in his area would rarely aye more than five miles to go to ork, and for a great deal of the me eould easily be within a short istance of their homes. Our him- erman would also, counting on his esiclent labour, be able to estiniate ccurately his Costs—he would not e bothered by strikes and would not e at great additional expense on 50- ount of labor troubles. As someone eon* expressed itl—hurnorously, ut with not as much exaggeration as ight seem apparent—"Many of our mpanies have. often been obliged to aye three gangs—one at the camp, ady th quit, one on the road out, nd another on the way in." Our lumberman, too, would have a community of people on his land that would take a very real interest in its protection from Tire. The preserva- tion of their homes and associations' would depend on it. In addition, if he chose, quite an amount of additional revenue inight be derived from the encouragement of the tourist teade•. Because his area was ,well wooded, it would • be much more attractive, fish would be move likely to thrive, and his men would have an additional source of income through Acting as guides and supplying from their farms the needs of the visitors. Nor snould ' one for- get the revenue possibilities of the maple sugar industry. Not only would all these advantages accrue, bat he would havi fulfilled his duty as a citizen, and left a God-given resource in as good if not a better condition than he received it. Lest you think this is a forest Uto- pia I am describing, I wish to assure you that it is nothing of the kind; this condition of affairs actually ex- ists in Europe, notably in France and Germany, and perhaps particularly in the Scandinavian countries. In some of these countries they have had de- finite aod well -thought-out forest po- licies in operation for a century and more. Many of, you have no doubt visited these European forests• --others have seen pictures of them. I learned from a man who has just returned from a summer spent in Norway Sweden, Denmark and Finland, that Sweden, with ,about 40% 0 the area of Ontario (one of nine provinces) cuts eveey year an amount equal to one-half of the lumber cut in the en- tire Dominion of Canada. Not only that, but, barring uncontrollable cat- astrophes, under present plans she will be able to do it forever. And be- cause her timber is so accessible and so dense, due to the attention paid to its growth, and despite the care they take in felling it to protect the young trees, they can almost under- sell us in. our owo market after ship- ping 3,000 miles or more by boat. We talk sentimentally about the beauty of trees; they are beautiful and a source of wonder ancl great aes- thetic pleasure to those who will take the time to look at them—their deli- cate branching against the sky, then beautiful leaves and bark, the distinc- tive characteristics of the formation of trunk and branches in different species. My friend who. visited Scandinavia last summer told me of an aged woodsman who had woeked on the same forest estate for half a century. He knew and loved all his trees and took my friend, almost it seemed as an aet of self -humiliation, to see one with a slight ctook in it. "That tree would not have been like that today if I had been on my job," he remarked sadly. We talk sentimentally, as I said, but we do nothing about it. But, you will say, you have de- scribed what might have happened if someone had had the courage and foresight. What about to -day? It is still not too late in Ontario and Canada as a whole to derive some of the benefits of such a rational plan of farest development as 1 have de- scribed. It does need vision, howev- er, and determination. A satisfac- tory plao canna be undertaken if politicians are allowed to make use of positions in the forest service fot rewarding party henchmen and ward heelers -- dismissing, Without cause, as has been done, trained forest en- gineers, It is just as sensible to ap- point such henchmen to senior posi- tions in the legal department or de- partment of health or education. I had hoped to include some dis- cussion of the practical reforeotatiot of waste lands adjacent to our towns and cities in southern Ontario; a pro- ject well worth while from an econ- omic as well as cultural standpoint. I wished also to include something a- bout the farmer's wood -lot, and its importance ta the country as well as to the farmer himself, and of the possibilities in connection with • the unemployment problem of a definite program of forestry activity (not only planting which seems synony- mous with forestry in the minds of many, but which usually takes only some five weeks in the spring). Most of these problems can have but passing reference in this series of talks. About seine of them I hope to speak briefly next Saturday evening, when I discuss some of the general problems • of 'forestry in Canada as a whole. With the passing of the lumber trade in large sections of the south- ern parts of Ontario, has come a great decline it the rural population and the standard of, living, although fortunately the increasing tourist trade has ,one much to help these who still remain. For the stable element that lends backbone and steadiness to' a nation, one must look to the rural ,eurnmunities — to the men and women who have time and opportunity to. think. Oliver Gold- smith's Deserted ,'Village 'went inth decline for reasons other than that of te hope that now Pioneering days in forest deterioration. Is it toe much Ontario' at least are largely over, we can look forward to a policy in which the forests tvill play a trem.en- dousspart in preventing it being said ofu "Ill fares this land, to hastening DOINGS IN THE SCOUT. WORLD A Scout Misdemeanor As Much News • As a Man Biting a Dog Just as it is "news when a man bites a deg," so is it "news' when a Boy Scout is fond guilty of a crime, declared Magistrate S. B. Arnold, of Chatham, Ont., addressing the Scouts-. of Blenheim. The magistrate stated that during his years on the bench he had never nasi a Sco-ut before him • charged with a misdemeanor. A Boy Scout Would Have Saved Him A Northern Ontario country boy accidentally wounded by gunshot bled to death because no one knew hon- to apply a tourniquet. The average Boy Scout knows all about such first, aid, and one on the scene probably would have saved this boy's life. Which indicates the desirability of having all lads enrolled in an organ- ization that provides this necessery. training.—Peel Gaz4te. • For Scout Cheerfulness Under • Lang Suffering Outstanding courage an d cheer- - fulness under continued suffering, . plus ,other evidence of high charac- ter, and uninterrupted• •progress in Scout work, has earned for two rnore Canadian boys in hospital Scouting's highest decoration, t h e Cornwell Badge • The award went to King's Scout Alan Chase of the Robert Louis, Stephenson Troop of the Thistletown branch of the Sick Children's Hos pitaI, Toronto, M recognition of cour- ageous cheerfulness over a long per- iod despite the daily dressing of a painful \vound, his uninterrupted pro- gress in Scouting, and his endeavours to help other boys in his ward. Ring's Scout Buckwell Graham, of the 14th Ottawa (St. Andrew's) Troop, an ac- tive lad suddenly stricken with tub- erculosis of the spine, has carried on cheerfully for over a year at the Royal Ottawa Sanatorium, for six months in a cast which permitted' only the moving of his hands, and since then in a frame on a fracture boarcl. In both cases doctors and nurses have paid a high tribute th the boy's cheery patience and the value of their example to other pa- tients in the wards. Both boys re- cently climaxed their progress iit Scout Proficiency Badge study, not- withstanding their handicap, by qual- ifying as Coronation l(ing's Scouts, Control Disease In Ornamental Plants Ornamental plants a r e usually grown in the home garden for artis- tic or sentimental reasons, Very of- ten their beauty is marred or the plants destroyed by the inroads of disease. A large number of organ- isms, some microscopic, others quite appreciable to the naked eye, cause diseases in plants. These disease- • producing , organisms may be bacter- ia or fungi, or agents of unknown form known as viruses. To be successful with ornamental plants one must give consideration to the environmental factors of light, soil, and moisture most suitable to their needs. Ornamentals planted in locations unsuited to their nature never flourish, and usually succumb . to disease sooner or later. China asters, hollyhocks, roses and peonies are examples of plants often found diseased in gardens, states J. L. Hewett of the Dominion Labora- tory of Plaut Pathology at Frederic- ton, N.B. At this laboratory a spe- cial study has been made of the dis- eases occurring in these plants and the following control measures are suggested. Two common diseases usually affect the aster, namely, wilt and yel- lows. The former disease may be • avoided by planting the excellent re- sistant varieties which now can be obtained from many seed houses. Aster yellows is.a virus disease which effects a yellowing of the foliage and the release of many flower buds. The flowers will be wholly or partially abnormal with respect to their true • colour values. This disease occurs • commonly in many of Canadian na- tive 'weeds such as dandelions and daisies, and from these it is trans- mitted to asters by a small insect known as a leafhopper, The only remedy for the control of this disease is to grow the aster plants from seedling to mature stages under spe- cially constructed cotton -covered cages. Hollyhocks are universally ravag- ed by a rust disease which manifests itself on the leaf surfaces in the - leaf stmfaces in the form of reddish - brown pimples. Severely affected plants are usually defoliated. This disease may be held in cheek by thor- oughly spraying the plants with 4-4- , 10 Bordeaux mixture, starting early in June and repeating the spray at two-week intervals.' Roses are often rendered unsightly by the black spot disease. which pro- duces characteristic circular, black • spots on the foliage. In severe cases the plants are clefeliated and the blos- soms stunted. An excellent control measure, is to spray the plants thor- oughly at fortnightly intervals with sprey composed of one-half tea- spoonful of red copper oxide to three gallons of water. ills a prey, "Where wealth accun ulates men decor."