The Clinton News Record, 1937-07-01, Page 6PAGE 6
THE CLINTON NEWS -RECORD
THURS., JULY 1; 1937.
NEVIS
AND HAPPENINGS OF INTEREST TO FARMERS
Timely Information for the
I3usg Farmer
(Furnished by the Department of Agricuiture)
.11111001M11111.11MMEIMMEIIMM. 11•1,011ii
4111111•1111111M•
Don't Forget the Garden
Thousands of families throughout
the country are planning now to ute
the available garden land to provide
, food. If people on the land would
consider the number of meals that
Must be prepared during the year,
and estimate the actual earning pow-
er of a. garden, more and better gar-
dens would be planted in order to pro-
vide a continuous supply of summer
and winter vegetables. A garden of
ene-quanter to , one-half an acre in
extent, properly eared for will pro-
vide enough vegetables for an ave-
rage family.
Increasing Yields
The application of a definite scheme
of crop rotation is being found an
important factor in reducing feed
costs. The chief advantages of such
a practice are: (1) Maintaining and
Improving soil fertility, thus increas-
ing yields; (2) Assisting in weed
control; (3) Assisting in the control
of insect and crop diseases by hav-
ing various crops on fresh soil each
year; and it makes a more even dis-
tribution of labor throughout the
year possible. Inereasing the yield
per acre is one of the beet ways of
reducing cost of production, and in
this respect crop rotation plays a
real part.
• Cutworm.Control
At this time of year all gardeners
Should be prepared for attacks of
cutworms. A limited number of
plants may be saved by a wrapping
of brown paper around each. Appli-
cation may be made at planting time
and the paper sbould cover Sie plant
from one inch below the groand smn
face t one half or one inch above,
1. Foe larger plantations a poison
ken Mixture is recommended. Bran
P,5 lbs.; Paris green 1-2 lb.; Molasses
1 qt.; and Water 2 gals. The branl
and poison should be mixed together/
while dry, after which molasses;
Should be added. Use enough water'
no bring the mixture t a crumbling
condition, The mash should b e
sprinkled lightly around plants in
the evening. This mixture is pois-
onous to chickens and birds, as wen
as cutworms.
Report on Insects
• •Eastern Tent Caterpillars are more
numerous than usual on neglected aPe
ple and plum trees and especially on
wild cherries, in almost all parts of
Old Ontario. Forest Tent Caterpil-
lars are reported to be even more
numerous than last year north and
west of Gravenhurst
Wireworros, the last week in May,
began to cause much damage te
• spring grain and there have been
many reports of injury. In all cases
the crops infested were planted on
ground that has been broken up from
sod one or two years ago., Evidently
• the cool weather is making the da-
mage greater than would ordinarily
be the ease, because it is retarding
• the development of root' growth of
the plants without affecting feeding
by the wireworms. 'White Grubs
have begun tofeed, but as most of
them are believed to be in their third
year and will cease feeding before
long, it iS not thought they will be
•to destructive as last autumn.
Pear l3lister Mite has come eon-
epicuously to the front this spring,
and on young pear trees is very much
More abundant than for many years.
Cabbage Worm adults --- white
butterflies—are already on the wing
and are laying eggs on cabbage and
cauliflower. They are numerous en-
ough, provided weather conditions
are favourable, to become a bad pest
again,this year, Growers should dust
their cabbages and cauliflowers with
an arsenical just as they begin to
come into head,
• Crop Report Summary
Potatoes -,The late spring with an
unusual amount of rainfall delayed
planting of early potatoes in many
districts, and a number of fields are
spotty due to some rotting of seed.
Up to the present time growth has
been slow, but with warm weather
and plenty of soil moisture more ra-
pid development may be expected. It
is too early yet to predict when the
date of the early potato crop will be
ready for market. The acreage of
late potatoes will be about the same
as last year, but planting will be
somewhat later than usual as farmers
have been busy trying to get their
earlier crops sown.
Sugar Beets—Approximately 30,000
acres of sugar beets have been con-
tracted for this season by the two
factories at Chatham and Wallace -
burg as compared with 36,000 acres
last year. The soil, in general, is in
excellent condition but frequent rain-
falls have delayed seeding, and about
20% of the intended 'acreage remain-
ed to be seeded on June lst. Pre-
cipitation for the month of May at
Chatham amounted to 2.76 inches.
Thinning is already under way on
early planted fields and there is ev-
ery indication of a good crop. Con-
tract prices are the same as in 1936,
namely, $5,25 minimum for factory
delivery, and $4.50 for weigh station
delivery, with a bonus for beets with
Sugar cootent over 1,4%,
Shallow Tillage for Weed Control
Experiments conducted by t h e
Field Husbaodry Division of the Ex-
perimental Farm, Ottawa, prove that
shallow cintivation after a clean hoe
crop is better than ploughing. The
reasons given are that when the sur-
face has been kept clean during the
season, weed seeds in the top two or
three inches have germinated and
been pretty well destroyed. Below
this there may be many weed seeds
that have not germinated; but still
retain vitality to da so if brought to
the surface. Ploughing in this case
would turn 'under soil that is free
from weeds and bring to the surface,
soil infested with weed seeds. Cul-
tivating the surface in preparation
for the spring seed -bed should not
molest the weed seeds that are lying
dormant and the chances are that
the crop would be reasonably clean,
On the other hand, surface soil that
is infested with weeds may be turn-
ed under where they will not bother
for a year or two. It is claimed that
shallow tillage is more effective than
deep tillage in the control of annual
and biennial weeds, and is also effec-
tive in the control of perennials such
as couch grass and sow thistle.
After harvest cultivation destroys
a good many of the annual weed
seeds which have ripened ahead of
the grain. Allowing the perennial
Weeds to grow until the weather is
hot and the roots have weakened,
then ploughing and allowing the fur-
row to dry out before starting cul-
tivation is quite effective in control-
ling both couch grass and sow this-
tle. Both these weeds infesting a
sod field may be pretty well cleaned
out by ploughing soon after a hay
crop is taken off and leaving the fur-
row to dry out before it is worked.
This land may then be thoroughly
cultivated during the late summer and
sown to Wheat oz. left over for a
spring crop. A more vigorous at-
tack on weeds would tend to larger
and more economical yields of grain,
WHAT OTHER NEWSPAPERS ARE SAYING
• HISTORY REPEATING ITSELF?
After the death of Lincoln, there
were two governments in the TJnited
States, the one lead by President
Johnson, the other by The Great Com-
moner. The result was the darkest
period in the history of the Republic.
And again there are two governments
• in the United States, the one led by
. John L. Lewis who speaks about his
not desiring to bring President Roose-
velt into certain matters and gracious -
or rather imperiously waving the
President of the United States to one
side while he carries on. The other
government is led by President Roose
, velt, who does not care to take any
step in the internal government of
his people without first knowing what
Lewis desires. We cannot but won-
der what's ahead. Already some Uni-
ted States citizens are asking leave
to carry shot guns to protect themsel-
ves as they go to work!
—Exeter Times -Advocate.
'NO TEMPORISING
Whether the C.I.O. is to become an
issue splitting the two parties in On-
tario, is riot known; the future is hardl
to pendia. But one thing is certain,
there will be an overwhelming public
opinion and a mobilised citizenry a-
gainst the foreign agitators, where -
ever they penetrate. A threat and
evil have to be combatted; there can
be no temporizing.
—St. Catharines Standard.
DO WE APPRECIATE IT?
A stranger from the West said to
The Expositor the other day: "I won-
der if you people in this district ap-
preciate your surroundings, or ever
give then a thought?"
And sometimes, we wonder if we
do. They are se common, so matter
of course to us we can scatcely ap- t
predate the wonder, the delight and e
even something approaching the rev- o
erence with which strangers view our d
Telephone Association Meet
At Montreal
The District surrounding Stratford
was well represented. at Montreal,
June 25th and 26th, when telephone
men and women having upwards of
twenty-one years' service in that in -
thistly attended th e 14th annual
convention of the Charles Fleetford
Sise Chapter, No, 26, of the Associa-
tion of Telephone Pioneers of Am-
erica.
Perpetuating the name of the late
C. F. Sioe, Sr., who, fifty-sevenyears
ago, successfully co-ordinated many
on the telephone interests in this
country and brought into being the
Bell thlepnone organization that now
serves Ontario and Quebec, the Chap-
ter is the Eastern Canadian branch of
the North American movement among
telephone 'workers of all ranks and
systems who have attained their
years of majority in the business.
Chapter President Harry C.
Schwegler, Toronto, presided a t
the convention in blontreal. The Bell
Telephone Laurentian Council and
the Northern Electric Council, both
countryside in this month of June.
And it is not just this June; it is
every June. We have never experi-
enced a flood. We have never ex-
perienced a drought. We don't know
what a dust storm is. We have never
seen drifting soil. s
Shade trees line our streets; the
lawns are green, and the gardens a
riot of color. In the country the trees
are larger, more imposing and they
are of every, kind. The pastures axe
green; the crops are growing so fast,
you can almost see them grow. That
growth spells abundance—abundance
everywhere.
And yet, most of us are too busy or
too indifferent to think about these
things. To leave the streets and the
highways and travel the unfrequented
roads, where one has time to look
about and gee the things with while,
But, ohl how others, these strang-
ers within our gates, how they do ap-
preciate our countryside. And it
merits appreciation, even we should
liot forget thaO—Seaforth Expositor.
IT'S THE TRUTH
The contry editor is the one who
reads the newspapers, writes on al-
most any subject, sets type, runs ma-
chines, makes up mail, runs errands,
cuts wood, works in the garden, is
blamed for thousands of things he
never thought of, helps people into of-
fice who forget all about it after-
wards, and very frequently gets
cheated out of half his earnings. He
puffs and does more than anyone else
to build up a town, he urges his read-
ers to buy at home, the miser and the
old fogeys are benefitted, yet they
will not take his paper, but will bor-
row it, read it, and cuss the editor
whesi they see their names mentioned
unfavorably. The editor is also a
printer and depends on his job work
tor a living, he tells his readers to
buy from his brother business men,
but half of his brothers buy their
letter heads, their envelopes, their bill
heads and check books from the guy
from the eity who says he sells cheap-
er than the local printer. The editor
sells advertising space to half the
merchants who prosper thereby, while
the rest ride along on the ads of the
other fellow, at the same time de,
daring "Advertising doesn't pay."
' —Paisley Advocate.
POLICING A TOWN
It is common policy for one to
think that his job in this world is
the most difficult there is and there
is ever evident a willingness to trade
jobs with the other fellow. However,
were this done there is no doubt
there would be a quick return to one's
former choice of a job.
Looking over the task which, man
has ta perform we believe that the
most difficult is policing a town. It
is a job which, no matter how it is
done, never satisfies everyone. It is
also a job which is performed with-
out publie support, yet the public as
individuals are much of the time com-
plaining about the results achieved.
Records show that the same individ-
uals refuse to lay charges against
other individuals and rather than do
this will allow all kinds of lawless-
ness to go on unnoticed. A case of
this kind was brought to our atten-
tion recently when a complaint was
lodged as a result of property da-
mage. The complainant in this par-
ticular case refused to give evidence
and once again lawlessness was al-
lowed to prevail. This is what makes
policing a difficult. task.
The public expects the policeman
to bear down on everyone but the
citizens as individuals. We feel safe
in saying that were there rigid law
enforcement in this town many who
complain of conditions would be doing
an about-face and lodging complaints
against the police because they had
been sumrnoned for law -breaking.
Lawbreaking may be of great or
small import but police deserve every
support of the people of a commun-
ity. If the people will not give the
police proper support and abide by
he laws themselves, they should not
xpect to be satisfied with what any
fficer will Carry out in the line of
tity.—Kincardine News. 1
at Montreal, were hosts.
Always well to the fore in telephone
'natters, Canada continues to lead the
world in its per capita usage of tele-
phone service.
World-wide telephone statistics
compiled as of January 1, 1936 and
now made public, show that an an-
nual average of 210.8 telephone con-
versations were held in Canada for
every man, woman and child in this
country. The United State, with a
comparable figure of 197.0, was in
second iplace, Denmark, with 173.9
per capita calls, and Sweden with
152.2, followed.
On the basis of telephone develop-
ment throughout the whole popula-
tion, Canada with 10.99 telephones
per one hundred people is secend on-
ly to the United States with a com-
parable figure of 13.69 telephones.
Denmark is third with 10.64; New
Zealand fourth with 1069 and Sweden
fifth with 10.28. Of telephonee in
service per 100 poulation among
large cities of the world, Vencouver
Is fourth, Toronto eleventh and Mon-
treal eighteenth in the list.
These latest statistics make it
clear that Canadians continue, as they
have done over a long period, to
place a very high value upon their
telephone services. This fact is ein-
phasized in their continuing to be the
world's leaders in telephone usage.
TO ASSIST FARMERS
IN DROUGHT AREAS
DISPOSE OF CATTLE
As an emergency measure to as-
sist farmers in the drought area in
Saskatchewan to dispose of cattle to
fanners in other parts of the Damn):
ion who have surplus pasture avail-
able, Hon. James G. Gardiner, Do-
minion Minister of Agriculture, has
issued a Summer Edition of the
Feeder Freight Po/icy, effective from
June 15 to 'September 1, 1937. This
policy provides for payment by the
Dominion Government of one-half the
freight charges on carload shipments
purchased at country points in the
prescribed area. and throned direct
from there to country points outside
the area. To qualify for the refund,
the cattle must be retained in the
ownership of the purchaser for a
period of three months from date of
shipment.
The prescribed area includes the
whole of the southwest corner of the
province, bonded on the north by the
South Saskatchewan River as .far
east as Elbow, and on the east by a
diagonal following the Qu'Appelle
Valley :from the :vicinity of Elbow to
Moose Jaw Creek and by the Soo
Line from Moose Jaw to North For.
tal on the International Boundary.
In the case of shipments to points
in the Prairie Provinces made in ac-
cordance wtih the terms of the pol-
icy, the refund will apply on all clas-
ses of cattle. On shipments to Bri-
tish Columbia and to points east of
the Manitoba boundary, the refund
will be limited to steers born aftee
January 1, 1934; heifers born after
January 1, 1935; and cows with cal-
ves at foot, provision, for such cows
being made in order to facilitate the
Movement of this season's crop of
calves of beef breeding.
Farmers from Eastern Canada who
go West personally to select cattle
in the area for shipment between
June 15th and September lst may ob-
tain the benefit of the Summer Edi-
tion of the Feeder Purchase Policy.
Under this pelicy, the Dominion De-
partment of Agriculture will refund
part of the travelling expenses in-
volved in making the trip. The as-
sistance is limited th one-way tourist
fare,. berth and mettle enroute to the
district in which the cattle are bought
Livery, living or other expenses af-
ter arrival at destination are not re-
fundable, nor are expenses covering
stop -overs en route, except for one
day each at Regina or Moose Jaw, or
both, for the purpose of consulting
with representatives of the Provincial
or Dominion Departments of Agri-
culture in regard to cattle listed for
sale.
It is pointed out by the Dominion
Department of Agriculture that far-
mers in Eastern Canada who consid-
er taking advantage of the terms of
the Feeder Purchase, as well as the
Feeder Freight Policy, should care-
fully study reports on weather con-
ditions in Soothed' Saskatchewan
prior to leaving. While there has
been no growth of grass this year
in much of the prescribed area, heavy
rains might easily result in a inater-
ial improvement in the situation, and
very quickly convert what is at pre-
sent a buyer's market M. that part
of the province into a seller's mar-
ket.
On the other hand, eastern farmers
who plan ta take advantage of the
Freight Policy only by placing orders
through agents in the West, and
prairie farmers 'whose pastures per-
mit of their purchasing additional
cattle now, may benefit themselves
and assist materially in relieving this
distressed area by acting promptly.
It is on these outlet that drought -
stricken farmers may have to de-
pend chiefly during the early summer
period of uncertainty as to whether
the bulk of their cattle will have to
be liquidated
OUR FOREST HERITAGE
(Continued from page 2)
When the forests were gone, either
cut down or destroyed by fire, the
livelihood disappeared. Gradually the
farms were forsaken and the villages
practically deserted, One who is at
all familiar with rural Ontario will
kilo* 'of a dozen or more villages
which weee, once thriving and sue-
.eessful, but now
"No busy steps the grass -grown
footway tread
"For all the• bloomy flush of life
is fled."
Does not, the fact that these set-
tlers were reasonably' successfu/
while the timber lasted, give us a clue
to the means of ameliorating if not
remedying the conditions described?
Sheold.not there be betweem the small
farm and the use of the forest, a
kind of symbiosis—a living together
for mutual good?
Suppose that in 1840 some far-
sighted lumberman with a block of
Iwo townships, 162 square miles or
100,000 acres, say on the Trent River
watershed, had decided that instead
of cutting down all the inature tim-
ber in the usual way, he would man-
age his trod under a rational forest
plan. In .other words, as some writ-
ers state it, he would "farm" the land,
not "mine" it He would first have
an inventory taken of the area, find
out the kind and size of the trees
growing on it, and determine whether
or not therewas a healthy growth of
young trees under the cover of the
older ones. He would then ascertain
how rapidly the young timber was
growing, anci iu what way it would be
best to eut the standing timber so
that instead of barren wastes thickly
dotted with stumps, like so much of
that region and ether large areas of
Ontario, it would continue to produce
a crop of trees forever.
If after making his study he deter-
mined that the proper age at which
th cut trees was one hundred years,
he would then proceed to lay his plans
to have every year a certaibr amount
of timber ready to cut. The ideal
one hundred thousand-aere forest, and
it is only an ideal, would be one in
which there were one, thousand acres
of each age from one year to one
hundred, so that one block of one
thousand acres could be cut every
year; when the mature timber was
cut from the last block. (the .one
hundredth), the young trees, started
when the first block was cut, would
be ready for the mill. Of course, as
I said last week, proper cutting re-
quires that reproduction of seedlings
be assured.
Having made bis plans, our lumber-
man would decide how many people
he needed for his operations, perman-
ent and temporary. He would pro-
ceed to settle those whom he intended
to employ permanently in homes in
he forest area; give, sell or rent to
each a piece of land as suitable for
cultivation as was to be found in the
district, and then proceed with his
cutting. He would not go at it with
he tremendous rush that character-
zes so many logging operations, but
more quietly and in such a way that
• nstead of felling his mature timber
n a few years, he would .protract the
tilting especially to make sure that
he young growth underneath the ma-
ture trees was ondamaged; and that
eod would germinate in the, places
vhere young growth was not already
stablished.
Our lumberman's situation would
e then, something like this. Instead
f clearing off all his mature timber
t once, resulting perhaps in a far -
line for himself, but to the great
etriment of the country, and perhaps
f his children to whore the fortune
as left, he would have established a
ermanent industry, a forest farm,
ting him a crop each year—and a
'op that cduld be improved in quan.-
ity and quality by care and atten-
ion. It inay interest you to Itnow
hat in a properly managed forest
he annual value per acre of the crop
s not much less than the average
iven for agricultual crops in Canada
—fifteen dollars --and might even ex-
eed 3.
He would have a contented body of
orkers, living a normal, happy life
n their own homes—instead of the
»natural method which has prevailed
ince the beginning of the industry,
n this country, the segregating of
undreds and thousands of, men te-
ethey in camps for months at a
ime, perhaps many 'miles from their
ernes, and dumpling the large major-
ty of them out on the labor market
s soon as the spring drive was over
any to waste their winter's savings
a riotous living in the nearby town
✓ city.
The men in his area would rarely
aye more than five miles to go to
ork, and for a great deal of the
me eould easily be within a short
istance of their homes. Our
him-
erman would also, counting on his
esiclent labour, be able to estiniate
ccurately his Costs—he would not
e bothered by strikes and would not
e at great additional expense on 50-
ount of labor troubles. As someone
eon* expressed itl—hurnorously,
ut with not as much exaggeration as
ight seem apparent—"Many of our
mpanies have. often been obliged to
aye three gangs—one at the camp,
ady th quit, one on the road out,
nd another on the way in."
Our lumberman, too, would have a
community of people on his land that
would take a very real interest in its
protection from Tire. The preserva-
tion of their homes and associations'
would depend on it.
In addition, if he chose, quite an
amount of additional revenue inight
be derived from the encouragement
of the tourist teade•. Because his
area was ,well wooded, it would • be
much more attractive, fish would be
move likely to thrive, and his men
would have an additional source of
income through Acting as guides and
supplying from their farms the needs
of the visitors. Nor snould ' one for-
get the revenue possibilities of the
maple sugar industry.
Not only would all these advantages
accrue, bat he would havi fulfilled his
duty as a citizen, and left a God-given
resource in as good if not a better
condition than he received it.
Lest you think this is a forest Uto-
pia I am describing, I wish to assure
you that it is nothing of the kind;
this condition of affairs actually ex-
ists in Europe, notably in France and
Germany, and perhaps particularly in
the Scandinavian countries. In some
of these countries they have had de-
finite aod well -thought-out forest po-
licies in operation for a century and
more. Many of, you have no doubt
visited these European forests• --others
have seen pictures of them. I learned
from a man who has just returned
from a summer spent in Norway
Sweden, Denmark and Finland, that
Sweden, with ,about 40% 0 the area
of Ontario (one of nine provinces)
cuts eveey year an amount equal to
one-half of the lumber cut in the en-
tire Dominion of Canada. Not only
that, but, barring uncontrollable cat-
astrophes, under present plans she
will be able to do it forever. And be-
cause her timber is so accessible and
so dense, due to the attention paid
to its growth, and despite the care
they take in felling it to protect the
young trees, they can almost under-
sell us in. our owo market after ship-
ping 3,000 miles or more by boat.
We talk sentimentally about the
beauty of trees; they are beautiful
and a source of wonder ancl great aes-
thetic pleasure to those who will take
the time to look at them—their deli-
cate branching against the sky, then
beautiful leaves and bark, the distinc-
tive characteristics of the formation
of trunk and branches in different
species. My friend who. visited
Scandinavia last summer told me of
an aged woodsman who had woeked
on the same forest estate for half a
century. He knew and loved all his
trees and took my friend, almost it
seemed as an aet of self -humiliation,
to see one with a slight ctook in it.
"That tree would not have been like
that today if I had been on my job,"
he remarked sadly.
We talk sentimentally, as I said,
but we do nothing about it.
But, you will say, you have de-
scribed what might have happened
if someone had had the courage and
foresight. What about to -day? It
is still not too late in Ontario and
Canada as a whole to derive some
of the benefits of such a rational plan
of farest development as 1 have de-
scribed. It does need vision, howev-
er, and determination. A satisfac-
tory plao canna be undertaken if
politicians are allowed to make use
of positions in the forest service fot
rewarding party henchmen and ward
heelers -- dismissing, Without cause,
as has been done, trained forest en-
gineers, It is just as sensible to ap-
point such henchmen to senior posi-
tions in the legal department or de-
partment of health or education.
I had hoped to include some dis-
cussion of the practical reforeotatiot
of waste lands adjacent to our towns
and cities in southern Ontario; a pro-
ject well worth while from an econ-
omic as well as cultural standpoint. I
wished also to include something a-
bout the farmer's wood -lot, and its
importance ta the country as well
as to the farmer himself, and of the
possibilities in connection with • the
unemployment problem of a definite
program of forestry activity (not
only planting which seems synony-
mous with forestry in the minds of
many, but which usually takes only
some five weeks in the spring).
Most of these problems can have
but passing reference in this series
of talks. About seine of them I
hope to speak briefly next Saturday
evening, when I discuss some of the
general problems • of 'forestry in
Canada as a whole.
With the passing of the lumber
trade in large sections of the south-
ern parts of Ontario, has come a
great decline it the rural population
and the standard of, living, although
fortunately the increasing tourist
trade has ,one much to help these
who still remain. For the stable
element that lends backbone and
steadiness to' a nation, one must look
to the rural ,eurnmunities — to the
men and women who have time and
opportunity to. think. Oliver Gold-
smith's Deserted ,'Village 'went inth
decline for reasons other than that of
te hope that now Pioneering days in
forest deterioration. Is it toe much
Ontario' at least are largely over, we
can look forward to a policy in
which the forests tvill play a trem.en-
dousspart in preventing it being said
ofu
"Ill fares this land, to hastening
DOINGS IN THE SCOUT.
WORLD
A Scout Misdemeanor As Much News •
As a Man Biting a Dog
Just as it is "news when a man
bites a deg," so is it "news' when a
Boy Scout is fond guilty of a crime,
declared Magistrate S. B. Arnold, of
Chatham, Ont., addressing the Scouts-.
of Blenheim. The magistrate stated
that during his years on the bench
he had never nasi a Sco-ut before him •
charged with a misdemeanor.
A Boy Scout Would Have Saved Him
A Northern Ontario country boy
accidentally wounded by gunshot bled
to death because no one knew hon- to
apply a tourniquet. The average
Boy Scout knows all about such first,
aid, and one on the scene probably
would have saved this boy's life.
Which indicates the desirability of
having all lads enrolled in an organ-
ization that provides this necessery.
training.—Peel Gaz4te.
• For Scout Cheerfulness Under
• Lang Suffering
Outstanding courage an d cheer- -
fulness under continued suffering, .
plus ,other evidence of high charac-
ter, and uninterrupted• •progress in
Scout work, has earned for two rnore
Canadian boys in hospital Scouting's
highest decoration, t h e Cornwell
Badge • The award went to King's
Scout Alan Chase of the Robert Louis,
Stephenson Troop of the Thistletown
branch of the Sick Children's Hos
pitaI, Toronto, M recognition of cour-
ageous cheerfulness over a long per-
iod despite the daily dressing of a
painful \vound, his uninterrupted pro-
gress in Scouting, and his endeavours
to help other boys in his ward. Ring's
Scout Buckwell Graham, of the 14th
Ottawa (St. Andrew's) Troop, an ac-
tive lad suddenly stricken with tub-
erculosis of the spine, has carried on
cheerfully for over a year at the
Royal Ottawa Sanatorium, for six
months in a cast which permitted'
only the moving of his hands, and
since then in a frame on a fracture
boarcl. In both cases doctors and
nurses have paid a high tribute th
the boy's cheery patience and the
value of their example to other pa-
tients in the wards. Both boys re-
cently climaxed their progress iit
Scout Proficiency Badge study, not-
withstanding their handicap, by qual-
ifying as Coronation l(ing's Scouts,
Control Disease In
Ornamental Plants
Ornamental plants a r e usually
grown in the home garden for artis-
tic or sentimental reasons, Very of-
ten their beauty is marred or the
plants destroyed by the inroads of
disease. A large number of organ-
isms, some microscopic, others quite
appreciable to the naked eye, cause
diseases in plants. These disease- •
producing , organisms may be bacter-
ia or fungi, or agents of unknown
form known as viruses.
To be successful with ornamental
plants one must give consideration
to the environmental factors of light,
soil, and moisture most suitable to
their needs. Ornamentals planted in
locations unsuited to their nature
never flourish, and usually succumb .
to disease sooner or later.
China asters, hollyhocks, roses and
peonies are examples of plants often
found diseased in gardens, states J.
L. Hewett of the Dominion Labora-
tory of Plaut Pathology at Frederic-
ton, N.B. At this laboratory a spe-
cial study has been made of the dis-
eases occurring in these plants and
the following control measures are
suggested.
Two common diseases usually affect the aster, namely, wilt and yel-
lows. The former disease may be •
avoided by planting the excellent re-
sistant varieties which now can be
obtained from many seed houses.
Aster yellows is.a virus disease which
effects a yellowing of the foliage and
the release of many flower buds. The
flowers will be wholly or partially
abnormal with respect to their true •
colour values. This disease occurs •
commonly in many of Canadian na-
tive 'weeds such as dandelions and
daisies, and from these it is trans-
mitted to asters by a small insect
known as a leafhopper, The only
remedy for the control of this disease
is to grow the aster plants from
seedling to mature stages under spe-
cially constructed cotton -covered
cages.
Hollyhocks are universally ravag-
ed by a rust disease which manifests
itself on the leaf surfaces in the -
leaf stmfaces in the form of reddish -
brown pimples. Severely affected
plants are usually defoliated. This
disease may be held in cheek by thor-
oughly spraying the plants with 4-4- ,
10 Bordeaux mixture, starting early
in June and repeating the spray at
two-week intervals.'
Roses are often rendered unsightly
by the black spot disease. which pro-
duces characteristic circular, black •
spots on the foliage. In severe cases
the plants are clefeliated and the blos-
soms stunted. An excellent control
measure, is to spray the plants thor-
oughly at fortnightly intervals with
sprey composed of one-half tea-
spoonful of red copper oxide to three
gallons of water.
ills a prey,
"Where wealth accun ulates
men decor."