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The Clinton News Record, 1937-06-24, Page 6TAGE 6. THE CLINTON NEWS -RECORD; T URS., JUNE 24, 1937. NEWS , AND HAPPENINQS QFINTEREST TO FARM EHS OUR FOREST IIERITAGE other, as yet determined purpose; in and river improvements; in schools, its advocates. Thnnelj Information for the Bus Farmer (!Furnished by the Department of Agrieurcure) HAY MAR$ET REPORT Eastern and Northern Ontario Prices: There is a considerable var- iation in price oi,aecount of location but in main hay 'districts the prevail- ing prices to producers, at car, vary from $5.00—$6.00 per ton. Supply: A. considerable supply of timothy and light clover hay is still available but all clover and heavy mixed clover are sold. Demand: A. last minute brisk de- mand for export to Eastern United States points exists but it is not ex- pected to be maintained. Some spec- ulation as to export to Great Britain is anticipated since navigation is now opened on the St. "Lawrence. North- ern Ontario reports much easier move- ment with closing of lumber camps. 50,000Acre Tobacco Under very favourable, soil and weather conditions the largest acre- age of flue -cured tobacco in the his- tory of Southwestern Ontario was planted the latter part of May. From greenhouses and hotbeds at the rate of between 4,000 and 7,000 plants per acre the young Wants were set out, chiefly by horse-drawn planting ma- chines. The Ontario Flue -cured Tobacco Marketing Association estimates that approximately 50,000 acres will be grown this year, an increase of about 15,000 acres over the 1986 acreage and virtually double that of 1935. Some 500 new farms of various sizes are being . developed in the counties of Norfolk, Elgin, Oxford, Brant, Kent and Essex. Norfolk County re- mains the centre of the. industry and it has witnessed a tremendous boom in the construction of kilns and gr,r' houses this spring. With a favour- able growing season, the production is likely to be double that of last year. Cooperation is Needed In June of each year the Dominion Bureau. of Statistics, in cooperation with the Provincial Departments of Agriculture, distributes cardboard schedules to farmers for the purpose of collecting statistics of acreages un- der crop and the numbers of livestock and poultry on farms. This is now extended to include the breeding and marketing intentions of farmers with respect to livestock. These sched- ules are distributed to the farmers of Ontario through the rural school tea- chers. It is important that all far- mers cooperate in furnishing this in- formation. The acreages of field crops, in particular, are the real foundation of agricultural production statistics, Only slightly less impor- tant in national planning is the neces- sity of having correct knowledge' of the numbers of livestock on farms. The accuracy of compilations in both these classes is largely dependent oh the obtaining of completed cards from a fair sample of the, total number of Canadian farms. Clean Range For Chicks Chicks should not be raised two years in succession on the same ground, as a guard against picking 'up disease germs. When the chicks are on range they consume consid- erable quantity of green feed, espec- ially if it is fresh and tender. The trouble with a lot of our crops is that they, soon become tough and fibrous. Fall sown rye makes a splendid early pasture. Oats sown early in the spring makes tender green feed for June and t (continued from page 3) splendid green feed up until the'inid- dle of July. Rape or kale may be sown for summer pasture. Some poultrymen place the colony house at the edge of the corn field so that the chicke may have shade. Raising Chicks in 'the shade of permanent trees is not always the best plan, as the land cannot be work- ed up to the sun the same as in a earn field. We have seen several rows in the corn field planted to a green crop for the chicks so that they would have both green feed and shade in the one field. With plenty of tender green feed the cost of rais- ing the pullets may be reduced as compared .with an all dry feed ra- tion. Control of Raspberry Sawfly Raspberry plantations subject to the attack of the raspberry sawfly, and particularly those which were de- foliated or partially defoliated last year by this insect, should be carefully examined now, and if small green- ish worms are readily found,- planta- tions should be sprayed before the blossoms open with 1% lbs. lead ar- senate and 5 lbs. hydrated lune in 40 gallons water. The larvae of the raspberry sawfly --green spiny worms—eat out holes in the leaves and when abundant may completely skeltonize the foliage, leaving nothing but the midribs and and larger veins. Seasonal Crop Report A summary of crop conditions by the Statistics Branch shows the fol- lowing: Rains in May further retard- ed the seeding of spring grains, es- pecially on heavy soils and fields that were soaked by excessive precipita- tion in April. At the end of May ap- proximately 10% of the spring grain acreage in Ontario had not been sown, although most counties expect- ed to finish by early in June. In eoun- ties bordering the St, Lawrence River, progress was slower. An unusual fea- ture of the present season is the fact that seeding was as early in Northern Ontario as in most of Western and Central Ontario. In Old Ontario the season has been two or three weeks later than usual, whereas in the Northern districts, it is a week to two week earlier. Early sown grain has made good growth and later seeding has greatly benefited by the warm clear weather early in June. With a continuation of satisfactory weather conditions and abundant soil moisture,: growth should be rapid:. The outlook for field crops is promising. The con- dition of spring grains on June 1st was placed between 91 and 92% of the long-time average. This is ap- proximately the same as on June 1st, 1935 and 1936. The acreage which farmers had intended to sow to spring grains will be slightly reduced on ac- count of lateness of seeding, and as a result, the acreage of late crops such as buckwheat, corn, dry beans, and soya beans will be increased. The 646,000 acres of fall wheat that came through the winter has made excellent\ growth during the past month and there is every indication of an excellent yield per acre. Fall rye is, in full head and also promises a good yield. Alfalfa is making very rank growth and cutting hasalready started in Western Ontario, Some of the alfalfa fields are spotty, and in Eastern Ontario many old alfalfa meadows were so badly winter -killed that they have been plowed up. Last +ear'e seedlings of alfalfa in Eastern July. If oats are planted at inter -1 vials of two, or three weeks they give Ontario are in fairly good condition, however. Hay aid elver have made 'TITS -LAP ROOFING The permanence and low up- keep cost of this metal roofing makes it one of the most ecoas nomical on the market. Titer' Lap Galvanized Roofing gives greatest covering capacity. The end lap is so tight it re almost invisible; positively excludes driving sleet, rain or snow. Send roof and rafter measure- ments for free estimates. RIB.ROLL ROOFING This durable roofing has extra rigidity that makes it pparticularly, good for roofing over alight frame. work. The secret of its strength is: the ribs are only five inches apart! The most copied roofing of its kind on the market. Be sure you get the genuine, economical "Rib•Roll Roofing"1 Ask your banker for details about re -roofing on the Government. backed Home Improvement Plan. JAMESWAY POULTRY EQUIPMENTTA 1 Use them Write for information on any items in the Com, roofing. mThe plete Jamesgay line. Brooder house,; heating £?- t ' B t lead n the systema, incubators laying cages ventilator tltltl head Beale ayeteme. Uee Jamesway equipment: for profits. - the'nail-hole.. Eastern Steel products Gueloh Slreef milted 'ecto5esroleb et PRESTON, ONTARIO MONTREAL end TORONTO went through"—most of the fires did follow the lumberman, so you are pretty sure to be right even if you don't Bad a burned log. How can large trees exist as they so often do on almost bare rock or on 'impoverished soils? Where do they get' their nourishment?.. The answer is that trees require very lit- tle from the soil, enough water and a very little •chemical material— the rest comes from the air. The huge tree, towering a hundred • feet in height, consists mostly, of carbon man- ufactured front the carbon dioxide in the air by its green Ieaves through the action of sunlight. The trees then, are really storers of the energy and heat of the sun, and when we burn wood in our grates. or furnaces, we are but releasing the sun's heat. I think this is the answer to the problem so many of us have toyed with in our minds, namely, why. cannot someone invent a machine to store the sun's summer heat for win- ter use? The machine has already been invented; we need not worry a- bout the world's supply of coal giving out if we conserve our. forest lands which can grow plenty of wood for fuel as well as our other require- ments. There is a common misconception concerning the steps necessary•to in- suee the replacement of trees remov- ed by lumbering operations. Many people think that the government should insist on a young tree . being planted for every mature tree cut down. It would be a fine thing if for every tree cut in Canada a young tree were planted. But to secure tall, well -shaped trees, with trunks clear of branches for a considerable distance from the ground requires that trees grow rather closely togeth- er during their early years. In this way, the lower branches cut off from the light, are caused to die and drop off. To prove that this is whathap- pens, you need only observe pine, spruce or balsam that have always grown in field or pasture, with plen- ty of light all around. Such trees are usually branched to the ground; they are beautiful to look at, but the lumber sawn from them is by no means the best quality, To secure, therefore, under natural conditions one fine, clear-boled tree,. it would be necessary to plant not one seedling but probably twenty or more. In the struggle for light and moisture many of these young trees will die, having contributed, however, to the better development of those that survive. This process is referred to as "self - pruning". In Europe, however, where forestry is practised intensively and seriously, the forest engineers have the branches cut off periodically, so that the trunk for a good height, will develop properly and the lumber will be free from knots. Knots in lumber are, of course, fre- quently the most important factorin its valuation—lumber clear of knots bringing a much higher price. Be. surprisingly few people realize (per- haps they have merely forgotten) that knots are just cross-sections of bran- ches which the trunk of the tree in its growth has surrounded with wood. If the branches are removed earlier, either under natural conditions or by man, more boards clear of knots are secured.- But to return to the questfon of planting seedlings to replace mature trees removed in lumbering, a com- paratively expensive operation, this is fortunately not necessary in a large part of our forested area" For in many eases there is already establish- ed a heavy growth of young trees and saplings ready to quicken their growth when the older trees are re- moved; how much less costly to take* some pains to see that this young growth is not destroyed during log- ging operations, and -most important of all—that fireis kept out of the slash, or debris, left after logging. If there are no saplings already started, a few trees can be left to scatter seed, which will provide the succeeding generations. I . wish it understood that I am not under -es- timating the value of planting seed- lings; in some cases it seems the on- ly solution, and of that I hope to speak in the course of my talk next Saturday. Planting, however, partic- glarly in remote places .and in diffi- cult conntty,,involves an expenditure that is hardly justified, when nature will look after the task :in a highly efficient manner if given the chance. ' Fundamentally, the task of the for- est engineeris to co-operate with na- ture and supplement her efforts in producing continuously the best pos- sible crop of trees.. And an important' point to remem- ber is that with rare exceptions the land that the forest engineer is in- terested nterested in managing for tree pro-.. duction is that which is fit for no good growth, but the total yield will not be heavy as a number of fields are thin and uneven from winter kil- ling and last year's drought. ' Pas- tures were retarded, by coldweather during the first three weeks in May, but are now coming along very quickly. Livestock are now on pas- ture and showing the effects of bet- ter feed: other words his ideal is, to make and keep productive forever, tremendous areas of our country that cannot econ- omically be used for anything else. The forest engineer, then, may be considered a kind of farmer, except that he seldom"lives to see even one of his crops ripen. For time is a most important factor in tree growth —there are some quick -growing spe- cies, but many of our large pine, hemlock and spruce are two hundred and more years oId. Spruce and bal- sam grown for ,pulp -wood are usually not considered ripe for cutting, from an economical point of view, under average growing conditions, before they are sixty years of age—mere, children among Forest patriarchs, Telephone poles that line our streets and roads may have taken a hundred and fifty years to grow. The tree from which the panelling of your din- ing -roam was cut, may have been a sizeable stripling *hen Drake sailed around` the world. This we must keep in mind when we hear people speaking. about the large supply of available timber. Once It is cut there is a long wait before an- other crop is ready. Proper forest management, how- ever, has many other far-reaching ef- fects, and of these I hope to speak next Week. The maintenance of for- est cover on our watersheds will pre- vent excesively rapid run-off of mois- ture, with its influence on Iog-driv- ing, hydro- electric power production, and the supply of fish. It would make the country addition- ally attractive to tourists, whose trade is already enormously important to us. Over two million persons are re- ported to have entered Canada dur- ing the month of July alone this year*. But no one wishes to camp by a lake whose shores are treeless, and even fishing in such a lake would hardly be pleasurable, Our game and fur production, too, depends on the maintenance of our forests, and our own people, quite a- part from tourists from other coun- tries, ouptries, rely on them more and more for recreation and for• places in which to spend their leisure time. Large investments in mills, camps churches, stores and houses; in roads, railways and other means of com- munication, : have deteriorated almost to nothing when the forest disappear- ed—and this is still going on; these can be measured perhaps' in terms of, money, but who can calculate the loss to the country and the individual of the herpes and towns abandoned, and the accompanying degeneracy and im- morality. A rational forest policy would have done' much to prevent all this; if one. is adopted much can still be done. What I have said is merely by way of introduction. I hope next week and the week after further to define the problem and outline at least in part a proposed solution, Truly as Joyce Kilmer wrote l "Only God can make:a'tree." Let us do what we can show the Creator we are thankful he has done so by conserving those that still re- main. Colour Not a Factor in Honey Food Value The increased use of honey, as a food, for instance, and as a developer of energy for athletes, and an ingre- dient in home cooking, has not yet dispelled many popular fallacies con- nected with it. Contrary to general opinion, colour does not affect the food value of honey in any way, Hon- ey varies in colour from water -white to a very dark brown, according to the kind of flowers from which it is gathered. The difference in colour is caused by certain substances inthe nectar of different flowers that ab- sorb the rays of light in varying de- grees. The flavours of honey vary just as much as its colour, and there is no difficulty in finding a flavour to suit the most discriminating taste. As a rule, the lighter the colour of the honey, the more delicate is its flav- our.- Therefore when honey is to be substituted for sugar in cooking, it is the light-coloured honeys that are recommended. When honey is used in place of jams and marmalades, each and every colour or flavour has Granulation of honey, as many peo- ple seem to think, is not an indica- tion of adulteration, Bather, it is a sign of purity. All Canadian honey granulates sooner or later, depending upon the proportion of the two invert sugars it contains. The greater the proportion of levulose to dextrose, the longer the honey will remain in liquid form. Levulose, or fruit sugar. found in honey, is non -granulating, and is the sweetest sugar so far found in nature. It is usually the predominating sugar, in,honeyl Dex- troset, or grape sugar, is .a rapid granulating sugar, and is predomin- ant in commercial syrups. Granula- tion of honey is hastened by low temperatures and high temperatures retard it, Honey sold in glass: containers is usually heated when packed, for the purpose of keeping the honey Iiquid for as long a period as possible. Ra- pid granulation usually produces a fine texture while slow granulation tends to cearseness. Granulated honey can be brought back to its liq- uid form by standing the container in water and heating it to 150 degrees Fahrenheit. A higher temperature is likely to darken the colour and drive off aroma and flavour. Further in- formation on honey will be found .in bulletin "Honey and Some of the Ways it May be Used" and may be obtained free on application from the Publicity and Extension Branch, 'Do- minion Department of Agriculture. Ottawa. STREAMLINED WOGS When wewere told the other day in a newspaper story that "stream- lined hogs" were in the offing, many people, no doubt, just dismissed it as a yarn, but that brightly written of- ficial publication at Regina, "Coopera- tion and Market News" stresses the development and gives the reasons. Incidentally it provides another dem- onstration that truth is stranger than fiction. The reason why the roly-poly, lardy porkers are on their way out is be- cause housewives are using less and less lard each year as chemists per - feet the `processes of snaking vegeta- ble cooking oils. Consequently, there Ss less and less market for the fatty- type pig. Perhaps we shall enjoy our breakfast bacon all the more, if there is a little more lean meat in it. The prediction is made that in twenty years from now very few. pigs will be given an ear of corn to munch voraciously. The farmer will haul his crop ofcorn to a chemicalprocessing plant, where the fattening starch will be removed for making syrups and alcohol for motor fuel. The resi due of glutten and oil press will then go back to the hog pen. A. leading scientist says that auto- mobile motors will•be developed to ut-' ilize solid fuel made from starch in corn and other crops. Meanwhile the production of lard in Canada is running around 50 mil.' lion pounds in a year at a factory value between four and a half and five million dollars,according to the " Manufacturing Branch of the Domin- ion Bureau of Statistics, Department of Trade and Commerce. GYPSY CARAVAN HAS MODERN COUNTERPART More than twenty firms in Canada have turned their attention to the manufacture of automobile trailers and the production of these houses on wheels on the North American Contin- eat for the year 1937 is expected to reach a total of 200,000, says a writ- er in the June issue of C -I -L Oval. The cost of a trailer may run any- where from $500 to $5,000 or more, according to the requirements of the buyer as to interior fittings. The most modest trailer, however, sup- plies all the comforts of home on ti miniature scale, Beds at front and rear are of Pullman type that disap- pear when not in use or form a seat by day, the dining alcove table may be dropped and there is usually room for an oilstove, refrigerator, radio and electric light installations. The exterior coverings of nearly all trail- ers are either weather resistant Duco automobile finish or rubber coated fabric in one or more colour tones. -4r4""' 04:44;4'4 THOUGHTS a Things The business of living, when boiled down and all the froth skim- med off, is just a matter of thinking. Each of us is continually thinking ideas of our own and swap- ping them for the ideas of others. If there is a famine of outside ideas we shrivel up ourselves. Children with "nobody to play with" are unhappy and unmanageable. From thinking with our heads to doing with our hands is but a little step and then our thoughts become things. The originator of an idea is not much better off than before ho originated it till he gets some one else to absorb it and enjoy it and benefit by it. The man or woman surrounded by better thoughts and things but who pays not the slightest attention to them is not much better off than the one with "nobody to play with." The advertisements in real newspapers are thoughts—telling you about the things that ether men and women have created for your use. Read the ads. They are the voices of hundreds of thousands of looms, shops, foundries, 'studios, laboratories, where millions of minds are turning pleasant thoughts into worth while things for you and your family. The Clinton !News -Record Gives theNews of Clinton and Community—Read It