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The Clinton News Record, 1936-06-25, Page 6PAGE '6 THE CLINTONNEWS-RECORD THURS., JUNE 25, 1936 NEWS AND HAPPENING' T mely Information for the Busy Farmer (Furnished by the Department of Agriculture ) Crop and Livestock Survey: careful and efficient management In June of each year, the Dominion ' Bureau of Statistics, in cooperation with the Provincial Departments of Agriculture, distributes cardboard schedules to farmers for the purpose of collecting statistics of acreages under crop and the numbers of live- stock and poultry on farms. The acreages of field crops, in par- ticular, are the real foundation of our scheme of agricultural production statistics. Only slightly less ` im- portant in our national planning is the necessity of having correct know- ledge of.the numbers of live stock on farms. The accuracy of compilations in both these classes is largely de- pendent upon theobtaining of com- pleted cards from a fair sample of the total number of Canadian farms. Sugar Beet Crop The 1936 acreage of sugar beets in South -Western Ontario is approxi- mately the same 515 in 1935, when 36,000 acres were sown. There'. was less seeding done in April than in the average season owing to a rela- tively late spring, and the bulk of the crop, was seeded during the first three weeks of May. It is estimated that 96 per cent. of the seeding was completed by the first of June. The soil was in good condition during the first half of May, but became quite dry towards the end of the month. In 'the sugar beet territory, the rainfall during May amounted to only one- fifth of the long-time average precip- nation. Moisture is needed for ger- mination of the late seeding. The Potato Situation The early crop in Sot -them Ontario was planted ten clays later than usual and growing conditions during April were not favourable. In the first part of May, temperatures were high- er than normal and development lro- gressed rapidly. This period was followed by damaging frosts in some districts which froze the tops - and delayed maturity of the crop by ten days or more. After this set -back the weather was cold and dry during the last two weeks of May, resulting in slow recovery.. New potatoes will not move to market in any volume be- fore July 15th. The Southern part of the' United States has experienced extremely un- favourable growing conditions for their early crop. Yields are very much redticecl and supplies from that source are limited and available only at high prices. Stocks of old pota- toes are practically depleted in East- ern Canada and in the United States, Prices of old potatoes in Ontario have risen. from $1.45 per bag to farmers on, May 26th to $2.50 on June 9t11. Prices are expected to continue at a fairly high level until the new crop is on the market. larv.�4;r, ti -,..J. • Value of Farm Manure d.. . Pam manure, naturally constitutes a very valuable by-product on the ave.- rage ve.rage farm. This,however, is not al- ways evident, judging from, the lack of effort made by many farmers in getting it back to the. land with the minimum of loss. Returning lnanure to the soil is one of the most efficient systems of maintaining soil fertility. If given propel care, it contains con- siderable quality each of nitrogen phosphoric acid and potash in forms which readily become available for plant growth. In addition to the ac- tual plant food contributed, manure also adds humus to the soil, improves Its water holding capacity and in- creases: very materially the bacterial life. In order to determine the actual benefit derived from the application of manure in a. regular four-year rotation, including oats, barley, clover hay and timothy hay, an experitheint was started . in 1925 at the Experi- 'mental Station, Eapuskasing, Ontario. One area was manui'ed at the: rate, of sixteen tons, divided into two appli- caions. • One of 8 tons being diseed in •for the barley crop and a second of 8 tons' given to the timothy meadow as a top dressing, • The other area re- ceived no manure of any kind, Over a ten-year period the perentage . in - cease for the different crops on the rotation receiving the manure was as, • follows: oats, 45.4; barley, 43.9; clover hay, 78.5; and timothy hay, 115.1. „ When the increase in yields of the various crops are valued at mar- ket prices, the `cash return from the manure applied weuld' be $1.65 per ton. Demonstration Woodlots By L C. Marritt• The Forests 'Branch have selected 170 farmers' woodlots in Ontario as demonstrations. Most of them are examples of wood -lots' that have been protected 'from stock, and have haci • for years. Some are in such condition, that thinnings and improvement cut- tings will improve greatly growing conditions. Others have been pastur- ed and ]they have been fenced from stook in order that they will restock naturally • with small trees. • Valuable species are being planted] -in others where natural restocking is delayed, as windbreaks and to increase the fu tune value or the woodlot byintroduc- ing valuable species- such as pine, spruce, ash-and•walnut. , The purpose or demonstration wood - lots is to draw attention to effi- ciently managed woodlots. There is a great diversity of woodlot manage - anent. Many of the practices have been handed down from pioneer days. They were alright when the object was to ,clear the land for cropping and timber and fuelwood had very little value. Today the object, generally, is to leave the land in woodland, as most realize that a percentage of an agricultural area should be left in woods. The woodlot has an important place in the economic set-up ` of the farm, as it supplies the farm -house with fuel, lumber for building maple sy- rup for the .table, protects adjacent agricultural crops in winter and sum- mer, ' helps to prevent floods and beautifies the countryside: The woodlots are along or within ,10-20 rods of a road and a demonstra- tion woodlot sign has been placed where it may be seen. It is a co-operative scheme between the owner and The Forests Branch. A forester goes over: the woods with the owner and advises him on forestry principles that' may be applied ad- vantageously to his woodlot. The owner does the work at his conven- ience. The scheme may be terminat- ed :at any time by the owner or The Forests Brhnch as no papers ,are signed. The Forests Branch wishes to con- tact owners of woodlands adjacent to a road, who are willing to have it de- signated a demonstration. Write The Forests Branch, Parliament Buildings, Toronto or the local county agricul- tural representative. Cabbage Maggot Control For the control of maggots on Cabbage and Cauliflower, the fol- lowing is recommended. Dissolve 1 oz. Corrosive Sublimate in 8 to 10 gallons of water, and pour solution over plants as soon as they. are set out. Generally another ap- plication will be necessary in 10 days,. but if the weather is warm, in 8 days. Wooden or earthenware con- tainers: should be used for this solu- tion. , - Canadian 'Beef In British Market - Shipments of Canadian beef cat- tle to the United Kingdom markets,. while containing some animals of un- suitable weights and type, have been featured during recent weeks by many drafts of very choice qual— ity, ., The si<teg of many of these cattle, slaughtered at Pert of landing, are being shipped to the great Smithfieldmarket in Lon- don, where they are sold in =peti- tion with beef from other sources of supply, including England and Scot- land. Canadian fresh killed beef sides have been making an exception- ally.favourable showing, which indi- cates very clearly that quality is the dominating factor in competition. •• The following table of prices, from the official list of the Smithfield mar- ket, during the last week of May, shows Canadian sides and cuts' in an unusually favourable position, being exceeded in price by Scotch sides on- ly. It is interesting,as well, to note the. spread in price between fresh killed beef of Canadian and British origin andchilled beef, the productof choice cattle 'also well butchered and excellently marketed, from the great pastoral countries of South America: Smithfield Market Price per 8 lb. (May 28, 1930) dressed beef , Origin Minimum Maximum, Scotch Short Sides ....$1.29 $1.41 Scotch,. Long Sides .... 1.21 1.29 English Long Sides . 1.00 1.16 Eng. Hinds, Fore rib and Flank .. . 1.16 1.29. Canadian Sides 1.08 1.12. Canadian Fore rib and Flank .. . 1.21 L33. Argentine Hindus, chilled .87 .96 Fares, chilled.. .50' ; ' '.56 Canadian cattle are finding addi- tional buyers,' andthe maintenance. of high quality in the bulk 'of the ship- ments is a contributing factor. Store cattle trade. in England and Scotland continues active and late May .minis have contributed to this by strongly reviving pasture lands. • The outlook is promising, despite the fact that prices are 'slow to rise. The position is • reported as 'being healthy for a gradual improvement, particularly for good animals. INTEREST TO FARMERS DOINGS IN TIIE SCOUT WORLD 80 -acre camp site has been given by Mr. John R. Green ° to the Boy Scouts of Moose Jaw, Sask. Toronto and Buffalo Scouts Exchange • Visits Over consecutive week -ends in May a party of 135 Scouts from six To- ronto troops visited Buffalo, and 110 Buffalo Scouts visited Toronto. The Canadian lads placed a wreath on the memorial to President William Mc- lCinley, and the American boys paid a similar teibute at the Cenotaph before•the Toronto City Hall. Boys Complete 'Pl'anting of Ontario's "Scout Forest" Tree planting on Ontario's first major Boy Scout reforestation pro- ject, a 30 -acre "Scout Forest" at .Angus, near. Lake Simcoe, was com- pleted' by Scouts attending the 7th Annual Scout Forestry Camp over the recent Empire Day week -end. The planting of the last vacant area. was carried out by 116 boys representing 35 Scout troops scattered over south- ern Ontario, including 17 Toronto troops. The Scout Forest was begun in 1929, on land Ieased by the provincial Scout. Association. The trees started in that year are now considerably taller than the lads who planted them. In all a half million. trees have been planted in the Scout Forest and ad- jacent areas by a total of some 700 Scouts. u The Boy Scout reforestation pro- ject was Launched under the direc- tion of Arthur H. Richardson, of the Provincial Department of Lands and Forests, as a practical way of inter- esting Scouts in reforestation. Since 1933, when shortage of provincial funds would have interrupted the project, the Scouts have paid • their own way at the camps. An interest- ing fact is that the cost in no way affected the interest of the boys; in Canada's First Locomotive Beat Horses On First Run The "Dorchester", the engine which drew the first train ever run by steam and carrying passengers in Canada just one hundred years ago next July, was built by Robert Stephenson and Co„ of Newcastle -on - Tyne and cost its owners, the Cham- plain and St. Lawrence Railway, the sum of £1,500. It was shipped from Newcastle to New York and from there it was shipped down the Hud- son River and across Lake Champlain to the head of the Richelieu River at Be aux Noix, front whence it pro- ceeded to St, Johns. When it arrived it was immediately shrouded front the eyes of the curious and only a few invited greets were permitted to see the new wonder. It was, of course a wood -burner and the fireman had to be continuously throwing wood on the fire, taking care not to keep the fire door open for more than a few seconds, lest the cold air lower the head of steam. Most of her trials were made at night, and so playful were the Dorchester's antics and so uncertain her starlings and stoppinigs that the men on the railroad isme-, diately christened her "Kitten." On the day of the opening of the Champlain arid' St. Lawrence, the Dorchester drew two passenger coaches "painted hi the most elegant style and upholstered in. 'refined taste," The first passengcn coach, which carried the Governor-General, The Earl of Gosford, and Lady Gos- ford, had windows and doors and was built after thestyle of the English railway carriages. The other pas- senger coach hacl no windows or doors but had • a roof to protect the pas- sengers from the rain. As there was a: company of nearly three hundred people and as it was impossifle .to crowd more than eight in each pas- senger roach, the balance, including a military band which was brought for the 'occasion, piled into the freight cars, each of which was drawn by a pair of horses over the wooden, rails. 'The chronicler of the day says that the Dorchester was quite equal to the occasion arid "easily outstrip- ped the' horses" in her historic jour- ney from La Prairie to St. Johns. Be- hind.. the locomotive and between it and the passenger coaches carrying the distinguished, guests were .two• smallbogey cars, the first carrying. a puncheon of water and a 'cord of wood and the 'second' several bales of cotton.. These bales were presumably in case of derailment the Governor- General and his . staff would have something' soft to land on—a most. considerate action on the part of the company.' No attempt was macre to break speech, records and the journey of sixteen atilos occupied just under two hours, On the" return journey the engineer must have "opened her up" for the 'Little Dorchester did the snip back, "Mtn. a most excellent cold collation had been partaken' of by the guests," in • lust' fifty minutes: The total rolling stock of the railway Consisted of the Dorchester, four, passenger egaches and twelve freight ears, tack eapgbl'e• of carrying ten, tons. fact so keen have they been to attend that it has been necessary to limit the number each year to approxi- mately a hundred. During the camp the. Scouts were addressed by Dr. W. D. Smith, M.L. A, of Creenore, who presented: each with the 1936 "toggle," or camp badge. Upon leaving the ,boys were handed a souvenir packet of trees to plant at hone, and for their troops a butternut wall plaque bearing t 'he Scout, emblem and the legend, "Boy Scout Forestry Camp, Angus, 1936." Broiler Trade In Summer Probably no phase of the poultry industry is more over -supplied than the broiler trade during the summer months, says the Dominion Depart- ment of Agriculture Egg and Poultry Market Report. At one trine broilers were scarce and 'prices paid for chic- kens of this weight were high. It is evident that this is a trade that can be quickly over -loaded: Rarely does one hear of broilers being used in the home but almost eyclusively in the hotel and restaurant trade: One large restaurant organization in Canada is now following the English pratcice of roasting all chickens ov- er two pounds in weight and serving half the chicken thus prepared with dressing per person. Eyperience in this direction, continues the Report, is encouraging and one which might well be followed by other catering organizations, and even featured to advantage by salesmen 'for produce houses in their sales of poultry. Hawthorn trees prefer to grow in open uncultivated soil. Before the arrival of the white man in America when the entire St. Lawrence Valley was covered with dense forests, haw- thorn trees could establish themsel- ves with dfificulty, and only in small groups along -the water -courses. 'To- day, after three centuries of clearing, large hallthorn stands are established near the old settlements, such as Que- bec, Montreal, Toronto,. Rochester, on the sites or close to old Indian vil- lages like Caughnafaga, and near the olds forts of the Hudson Bay Com- pany. 1.414, Far'in Is Ideal For Goose The most satisfactory method of Raising Goose raising does not receive the attention of the farming community that the business warrents, states A. G. 'Taylor of the Poultry Division, Central Experimental Farm, Domin- ion Department of Agriculture. The farm is the natural 'habitat of the goose, in fact no other surroundings can snake goose raising for market a paying proposition. The two great essentials in goose -raising are, first, free range and second, an abundance of green feed. On the farm these essentials are always plentiful and the raising of a flock of geese is, one means by..which the farmer can reap a good reward with a very small in- vestment and , comparatively little labour. On. the Christmas markets, the demand for geese is always much greater than the supply. The! origin- of the various.. breeds of geese is identified with many countries, the most important breeds being the Toulouse, Embden, Afri- can, Chinese, Canada Wild, and the Egyptian. The last named are kept for ornamental purposes only and are usually found in parks and pub- lic gardens. The Toulouse goose originated in France, and'. the Emb- den goose, sometimes called 'the Bremen, had its origin in Central Europe, The African goose is a cross, between. the Chinese and the Toulouse, and there are two varie- ties of Chinese geese, the white and the brown. Distinguishing the sex in geese is more difficult than in any other class of fowl. Outward or visible signs are not in general well defined, as in hens or turkeys for example. Masculinity in geese is usually evi- denced by stout bill, broad full head, short, thick neck, broad shoulders and plenty of bone in legs and feet. Coarse females are frequently mis- taken for finales, so that masculine appearance is not always a sure guide in the selection of a male. Females usually present a feminine appear- ance, but a male of fine make-up may be mistaken for a female, par- ticularly during the fall or early winter. This is especially true of the Toulouse and the Embden breeds. 'AO 'It ..4,44tt # { '•a ti ,: Sri 1r, ::i 11 picking out breeding geese is by the voice. If the bird in question is sep- arated out of sight of the flock but within hearing distance, its call is distinctive. .The mnale has a voice which could be termed bass and is of a long single call, while the female is of a''mnuch higher note and usualy of not be ascertained by a distinct .dif. ference in voice, the bird should not be used as a breeder. Information, as to the various breeds, and the. rearing, management, and market ing of geese' is contained in the. cin. cola, on Goose Raising, to be obtain ed by request to the Publicity and', Extension Branch, Dominion Depart-- picking epart.- a double echo. Where, the sex can- ment of Agriculture. ACROSS CANADA BY THE LIMITED TO WINNIPEG•EDMONTON•JASPER CANADIAN' ROCKIES • PACIFIC C0A5T •ALASKA S The Canadian National's crack train, the Continental Limited, fromToronto to Winnipeg, Jasper, Vancouver and return, leaves each terminal daily. (from Toronto 10.20 P.M., E.S.T.) Travel on the Continental Limited' is practicality and economy de luxe —every 1936 last-minute comfort; low summer fares; common-sense prices for meals; special coach lunch service; table d'hote meals in the dining car at special low prices as well as the regular a la carte service. Stop off at Jasper in the Canadian Rockies for ,golf, trail riding, hiking, fishing, swimming. Rates at Jasper Park Lodge are low— from $7.00 a day including meals, JASPER GOLF WEEK -SEPT. 6-12 1 $M fi0i .1M E+,1�«:ti i�'t"uyi•-'�lt.8''-1''.;L:;'�. Hav l 1 not { era Look! You may have missed it, but it's there - - - that particular bargain for which you have been looking. You'll find it in the Advertising columns. News of just the kind you want - - - value, quality workmanship. is a good advertising medium.