Loading...
The Clinton News Record, 1936-06-04, Page 6PAGE 6 CLrNTON:' NEWS-RECORT JUNE 4311, 1936 NEIVs AND Tm.e� �In�'orrn��t�on dor th V e I y +, I ]Bus F arguer. ( Furnished by the Department of Agriculture-); • More Soybeans :Grown The production of soybeans on a commercial scale in Ontario conunene ed about six years ago.. Up to that time there were only a few • isolated gr:•orvers, principally in the counties of Essex and Kent. Although the acreage, on individual farms has in most cases been small, it is estimated that the total area sown amounted to 10,000 acres in 1935. Seventy-five per cent. of the' crop was grown la rows and. harvestedfor seed, while the balance was produced for hay. Crops. Hit By Frost Mid -May' frosts caused considerable 'damage' to crops, especially in East- ern. Ontario. Alfalfa and clover re- ceived a severe setback mid' in. some sections red clover was ruined. A' large acreage of strawberries and many apple orchards were hard hit by the frost. In Prince Edward County early peas were frozen badly, while all clovers and wheat were also burnt. About one-half the cherry blossoms were injured and in some orchards apples also affected. In Leeds Coun ty, thousands of cabbage, cauliflower and tomato plants were wiped out en- tirely, while strawberries look like half a crop or less. in Prescott and Russell, most of the alfalfa and clover fields werei,..practically burnt out. The damage was slight in South- ern Ontario and favored by warm, sunny weather during the latter part of May, all crops . have made rapid growth. The Farm Poultry Flock Poultry is at last definitely recog- nized as one of the essential depart- ments of every up-to-date farm where a program of mixed farming is car- tied on. Not only is it recognized as a necessary department of farm work but more ants. more fanners are' com - Mg to realize that for the capital in- vested and labor involved there are few it any departments that give as high returns. For the mixed farm general purpose breeds such as the Plymouth Rocks, which are good both for laying and for the produc- tion of market poultry, are recom- mended. A flock of a Mulched such birds carefully managed are return- ing to many a farmer a profit over cost of feed from $200 to $500 a year, which is something not to be disdain- ed by even the most successful far- mers. s, Clover and Grass Seeds 'Reports from central Ontario in- dicate that most of theseseeds have moved from growers' 't0 the traded largely to the local retail trade. 14lott of the timothy seed in the St. Lair l 'rence counties has been sold. There • still remains however, some 350,0001 pounds. A fair quantity of timothy ig OUR available in the lower Ottawa Valley, Growers in south-western Ontario still hold about one-half of the red clover and timothycrops, or 1 750,000 pounds and 2,000,000 ioluu?s respectively, Buying by the whole- sale trade has & Wlilled owing to large steeps secured already. Most el the alfalfa, alsike, sweet clover .and Canadian blue grass has been sold to the trade. It is expected that nmch of the timothy seed and per- haps some red clover willbe carried over by growers to next season, pound, basis. no. 1 grades, are: for red clover in eastern Ontario, 12 to 13c; in south-western Ontario, 11 to 150; for alfalfa 12 to 16c; and alsike 1.6 to 18c; sweet clover, 3 to 5c; tim- othy 3 to 5c; timothy 3 to 6%c and Canadian blue 'grass' 3% to 4c. Ontariii. Barley Situation • That Barley is assuming 'a more important place in Canadian Agri- culture and Canadian industry Is evidenced by the fact that a National Barley Cormnittee has been set up and was in session in Toronto last week. With these facts in view, the follow - Mg brief paragraphs from "The On- tario Agricultural Outlook, for 1936" should be of special interest and value to Ontario farmers who are just now laying their plans for this year's crop; production, "The .1935 barley crop in. Ontario was the largest since 1930 and is es- timated at 16,841,000 bushels. In 1934 the production was 14,741,700 bushels. The acreage was increased from 484,900 acres;to•523,000 and the yield per acre' at 32.2 bushels was 1-8 bushels higher than in the previous year. The Canadian crop of 83,975,000 bushels is much higher, showing a gain of 20,233,000 bushels or 31.7% over, 1934. ' Froin the 1935 Canadian crop about 9,250,000 bushels were exported to the United States, whereas in the years 1930-35 inclusive the export to this market was negligible. The average price being paid for the 1935 barley crop is 40 cents per bushel, compared with 50 cents per bushel in 1934. There is a possible annual domestic market for over 2,250,000 bushels of good clean malting barley. An in- crease in livestock holdings would cre- ate a demand for considerable barley for feed. Barley yields well in bushels per acre and it is a good crop with which to seed down. The present acreage should be maintained with more attention given to the improve- ment of quality and yield per acre," Dust Treatments for Grain Smuts "Many farmers are anxious to use dust treatments to prevent grain smuts," says Prof. J. E. Howitt of the Ontario Agricultural College, and he recommends the following treat- ments as having proved very este- factory in experiments conducted at the college. Copper Carbonate Dust Treatment: This treatment is recommended for the prevention of Bunt or Striking Smut of Wheat and Smut in Hullers Oats. It will not control Smut in grain with a hull such as ordinary pats or barley. This treatment will not prevent Loose Smut on Wheat. Mat 1iai needed: copper carbonate dust; dust ilni;rg machine; a shovel for handling the gigtin. Direction: This dist should be ap- plied.at the rate of 2 ounces per bush- el. Bust mixing machines are now on the market for applying dust rap dly,to large quaiztities.of grain. Put the grain and copper carbonate dust into the mixing machine and rotate for 2 or 8 minutes or until every grain is thoroughly covered with dust. It is advisable to wear a dust mask or wet handkerchief over . the Mouth and nose while treating the grain. If a' dust treating machine Is not available a home-made dust mix- ing machine may be made from a barrel churn orordinary barrel, or some types of cement mixers may be. used for treating the grain. The advantages of this treatment are that it does not injure .gerinina- tion and the seed can be treated when convenient and stored without injury. The chief disadvantages are that it is somewhat expensive and if proper care is not taken to 'see that the dust does not become caked in the seed drill, injury to the seed may result. Reports frqm north-western Ontar- io indicate that there are at least 10,000 pounds of red clover and 15,000 pounds of alsike still in • growers' hands as well as about 75% of the timothy or approximately 200,000 pounds, Prices being paid growers, per REROOF REPAIR! • Before \ IMS too late NOW is the time to repair your buildings which have been un- avoidably neglected during trying .depression times. Get metalroofing with its permanenceand low upkeep and save I Eastern Steel Products offers two great values in Metal Roofings Rib -Roll and Tite.Lapl. Eachhas exclusive features smarm?. teeingweather-tightness and cavy, application. They do not warp. shrink, crack, curl, or bulge. Ask also about E.S.P. Barna... made by the foremost Company -Built Barn manufacturer in Canada, Sole Canadian manufacturers and distri- butors elJtmeswa9 poultry equipment, Ea* fl leer Predu miters Guelph Street • Preston, Old. Factories also at Toronto and Montreal WALTON: In the passing of James N. Campbell, Walton lost another: of its pioneer residents. on Friday after- noon. Mr, Campbell, who suffered a heart attack, 'had not been enjoying good health forsome time but as he had been goingabout as usual on Friday morning his death came as a shock to the entire community. • • GODERICH Mr. W.' J. Symonds of Saltford, who operated a general store combined with a tire and gaso- line business far some 20 years, has sold to Mr. Joseph Petrie of Dungan- non. Itir. Symonds has not enjoyed the best of health for about two. years and the death'' of Mrs. Sy- monds last November, has made it doubly difficult to carry on He is at present visiting among ' friends• who hope he will remain in this. vicinity. Mr. Petrie is not a stranger by any means around Goderiohl, and his business .career will be watched' with much interest by those who know him. He is now in•possession, HOW TO CONTROL GARDEN INSECTS .4.s the days lengthen and the weather somewhat reluctantly warms up, the thoughts of city and country dwellers automatically turn to the soil and to 'the' gardens. Gardens present many probl,eins but probably the one most difficult to solve is the. perennial one, namely, how to control insects that, appear to be present each year waiting for the young-seed- lings oungseed- lings to peep;' through the soil. At this season of the year a few general rules and recommendations regarding the control of insects might bot come amiss, .Many of the most injurious species of insects have passed the winter in' or under., ald plant refuse- near the garden. Such should be gathe ed up and burned, or handed over to thegarbage man, in early spring before warm weather has lured the insects from hiberna- tion. The eggs of manyy species are !aid in the autumn on grass and weeds growing in or surrounding the garden. The burning over of such areas destroys these eggs as 'Well as many adults and larvae hidden away in the dead and matted grass near the soil surface. Sturdy, rapidly growing plants are less liable to attack than weak, spind- ly ones for this reason seedlings should be'.induced to get away to a quick start by careful preparation of the soil, the liberal use of fertizliers and intelligent choice of planting dates. Delay planting until' the soil warms up properly, since plants from late-sownseed practically always de- velop more rapidly than is the case when the seed' is placed in cold, wet ground. In the vegetable garden cutworms may be looked for almost with cer- tainty. Other insects- which com monly occur are the onion maggot, cabbage maggot, cabbage worm, Col- orado potato beetle, slugs (particular -i ly in damp situations) and, under certain circumstances, wireworms, millipedes and white grubs. Growers interested in the production of flow- ers have to fear chiefly cutworms, tarnished plant bugs, aphids, leaf- hoppers, boring caterpillars of dif- ferent species, gladiolus thrips, mill - pedes and slugs. Most of these insects can be easily controlled if the proper methods are followed and if remedial measures are applied sufficiently early.. To assist in doing this a small supply of insecticides should beprocured inf the spring to be on hand when need- ed. A working list should include ar- senate of lead, Paris green, nicotine sulphate, hydrated lime, bran' and, if cabbages and onions are grown, cor- rosive sublimtad, None of the above materials will deteriorate if kept from year to year in a dry place. Information and assistance regard- ing the control of insects may be se- cured at any time by applying to the Dominion Entomologist Domin- ion Department of Agriculture, Ot- tawa. ROW TO CONTROL CABBAGE MAGGOTS The cabbage maggot is one of the most serious pests of cabbages dad cauliflowers in Canada today. It aiso attacks radishes, turnips, and other plantrI of the nitistard and cress fam- ily. 'rhe maggot attacks the roots and not only destroys the rootlets but bores into the tap root. Infested plants become stunted and wilt on hot days, Severely attacked plants turn yellow and die, The adults of the maggot are two -winged flies which lay their eggs on the stems o; the plants about the time the -Euro- peen plum tree first comes into bloom. in the spring. These, insects canbe controlled by the use of corrosive sublimate which can be procured at most seed houses. The sublimate when used is diluted in water at the rate of one ounce to 10 gallons of water, As it loses. much of its strength when brought into contact with metals,, the•sublim- ate should be • nixed in and 'applied from glass, earthenware or wooden vessels. This is very important. Two or three days after the cab - bap. and cauliflower., plants. have been set out in the field or garden, the solution should be poured over, the stem and around' the base of each plant, using about half a cupful- per plant. Care should' be taken to wet the stems thoroughly,as well as the - soil .immediately surrounding the a- base. Two. subseguent applications- should pplicationsshould be matte, the second` applica- tion seven days after the first,, and the third application• seven days• later,. making three treatments in. all, It is very important to snake the first ap- plication early, as the successof the: control depends very largely on: this point. In the case of 'radishes-, the solu- tion should be poured over the young plants about three days after they appear above the ground; acrd' a se- cond-applicartibn made a week' Pater. The radishes must not be, treated with the sublimate wheir they are nearly ready for use: It i's- a danger- ous practice .011 •view . of the fact that corrosive sublimate is •a, deadly poi -1 son. Great care at all trines: should" be-exerciked; lir itss use,i, OF .INTERESL: TO FIRMER ized all-round raising of prices, I show, that winters of long no were no more wintry•than'the modern ones. Like lurch else in life winters., are what we take them to be. The fanner With large • fields of clover and winter . wheat will have it this winter is an: ideal one. So, too, to him who has mrich, hauling eto do of firewood and timber it a splendid whiter. And I. heard a young, fellow who has had to leave his car in the garage for thc'ee., months to his. great displeasure,' call it.. a deuce of a winter. And some one,.:, • it must have been the preacher, has described it as a trying winter. For my part it has been all these. Shut. M by blocked roads I fear I have at.. times so far forgotten myself as' to . wish for a. sight of shovelled side- - walks, and even for a ride in a crowd- ed, fussy, noisy street -car. .It aright. even be that on a few sleepless . nights I have thought it would be - pleasant to hear the sound of Big Ben bo'oiriing the hours. Yes,.a long win- ter, but in the refrain of an old sad- dest song we used to sing fifty years.: ago, "'twill be over soon." More , than a week ago now, on going forth , to feed the chickens 1 was surprised. with a Iusty guttural greeting from,.: his majesty, Corvis the crow, just re-. turned ' and perched on the topmost: branch of a high maple in the near -by woods. Deep as is the enmity between us I was moved only to return the greeting with a warn welcome. Ran- cous as are the tones of hit voice yet . in the month of March I number the : crow among our song birds. When he returns can spring be long behind? I suppose that even in the city - spring is looked for longingly. There it will be welcomed for its warmth and sunshine, for the greening of lawns and boulevards and the leafing of the trees, and for the privilege of motoring abroad and playing golf. For some of these things it is also wel- comed here in the counti'y; but I tell the truth, I lie not, when I say the farmer welcomes it chiefly for the privilege it brings him of getting to work again upon his fields. No art- ist eves; sets himself down before his canvas in a more spiritually exultant mood than does the fanner get him- self seated upon his cultivator when the warns winds of April have suffi.. eiently dried up the fields which he • man pooh! poops! this. His records industriously plowed last autumn. money and. the Farm By R. P.: Bowles in The New Outlook A university professor, whoowned a farm, once confied to me "that the blessed thing was nothing but a sink- hole for his money," Henry Ward Beecher, when his salary was 'large and he made twice it lecturing, on being asked by a friend what he did with all, hismoney, countered by en- quiring if his friend had never heard he owned a farm. To city folk who have tried it the money profit of a farm is a joke not to be laughed at. For many years I have taken three or four farm journals and have noted how much energy and wisdom in edi- torial and correspondence has been devoted to curing the farm of this bad habit of devouring all the money it makes. And yet farms everywhere keep on at it, eating up not only all the money- they make, but in the case of city -owned farms all their indul- gent owners continue to give thein. This is not a modern behaviour of farms, but an inherited characteristic coming down from ancestral days. It lid not come with the Industrial Age. The use of machinery on the farni called for more money and continues to emphasize the lack of it, but Is not the •cause o fit. In a very ancient book, written thousands of years ago there is a passage, which a few years since was going the rounds of U. F. 0. and similar platforms, in which the tiller of the soil makes a charming jeremiad over this very thing. From this one may conclude that here is an age -long injustice per- petrated by one class of society upon another—or, with more wisdom, that here is a natural necessity rooted in the order of things. It should never be overlooked that farming is man's aboriginal; primary, and only completely natural occupa- tion. All other callings and profes- sions are secondary and continuously derive themselves from it, are, indeed, a sort of by-product of it. However • much it may deflate all urbanized pride it is well to face up to the fact that man was made in utter depen- dence upon his own exploitation of the dust from which he was created. His first necessity is that he so ad- just the life forces around him to soil and sunlight, to rain and wined, that there will be growth and in- crease of food. This is his first job, and to it his nature is conformed spiritually and physically. Man was not made to sit in an office or stand behind a machine or a sales counaer. And to work of that irksome, blase sort he will give himself only if he is well paid for it in money. He will, however, work in his fields out In the open and the sunshine, he will 'plow and plant and reap and gather and be content even if he is not well paid in money. This because he is paid in another way -in the coin of another realm. He is neither selfish. nor foolish enough to expect he 'will. be paid in two kind's, when others, have tobe content to take theirs in one kind. How can one reasonably expect to get the same money pay for working at a job which gratifies his primary instincts, his desire to get his own food, to be out beneath the blue sky, to own the fields he tills, to be his own boss, to bless his eyes daily with the beauty of near and distant scenes how in the name of common justice and decency all round can he expeet to have these and the gratifi- cation at the same time of his love of money? It cannot be done. I would not dampen the ardor of those who seek better financial a- wards for the farmer. This expecta- tion that he get along with less mon- ey than others may be much over- done. When some member of parlia- ment at Ottawa gets after the manu- facturer of agricultural implements I join the hunt. Just now, the scent being hot by reason of this synchron- would give tongue loudly and quicken the chase. I aim quite sure the manu- factarers would not have done this had they discerined, the signs of the times or understood both ends of their business. So also when some one pro- poses a farmer's marketing board, or debt -adjusting act, or `lower tariff, 1, heartily approve. And yet in all hon- esty I confess I am frequently brought up with a jerk and, compelled to go slow and cool off a bit by ,this eon sideration that big psychological end big financial awards cannot in the- very hevery nature of things go together. If' they did what would happen? Make farming a big money affair and in two generations the cities will be waste places. They 'are filled now with- pea- ple who would be farming were it not they know right well there is no money, in it. The only thing which keeps our farms., in thehands of the many and out of the clutches of the few is that their returns are of a sort which cannot be deposited in the bane account. Therefore the rich prefer bonds and coupons.. It would, I believe, do much to mit- igate the it-igate'the class conflict of city and country were it recognized that aII save the most primary occupations or men are under a handicap which can be overcome only by providing for them fie lureof more money. Once I asked a great Merchant what there was in this mercantiling business that be could give himself to it with such devotion, and in a moment of frank- ness lie- said, "Money." Notwith- standing protests and remonstrances the farmer knows how the matter stands. One said to me not long ago, "There is no job comparable to farm- ing," and then added in more subdued tones, "if only there was a little more money in it." The fanner farms be- cause he likes it, wants a home of his own, and the security of being his own foreman. Oh, yes, let us have "Ad- justment Acts" and Marketing Boards and such like social and political de- vices, but it is quite possible the for- ces which decide the issue will sniff at them and go on their way fixing things up better than we know. What a winter we have had! Many times I have heard it described as an old-fashioned winter. The weather Map Out Your Shopping in Advance! Read our Advertisement Columns! i The Clinton' News4.ecord is a good advertising medium.