The Clinton News Record, 1938-04-07, Page 6'GE 6
irnelg information for the
Busg Farmer
k' rnished by the Department of Agriculture
Appointed; ta Board
J Br r Forest, one of the
James a rdan, Fo es , n
mostrominent breeders of i Cl -des
p Cly
des
horses in Canada, has been ap,
pointed a member of the Ontario Stal
lion Enrolment Board, according to
- Hon. P. M. Dewan, Ontario Minister
of Agriculture. He succeeds the late
J. M. Gardhouse as, a menthes. of the
Board.
Prizes for, Litters
The directors of the Ontario York-
shire Club have decided on a new
departure in offering 330 in prizes
to owners of the three highest York-
' shire sows in advanced registry, con-
sidered on, slaughter test enly with
rating decided on four pigs from a
litter.' There are about 200 breeders
with some 300 sows taking part in
advanced registry.
Sixteen breeders have entered pigs
in a carcass competition to be held
at the Yorkshire Field Day, O.A.C.,
June 14 and 15, and valuable prizes
are being offered.
Breeding' Light Horses
In nine breeding station districts
in Canada, saddle and hunter horses,
and horses foe police, remount, and
light delivery purposes, are being
produced in considerable numbers.
This type of horse is in. keen demand
in Canada and in the United States,
and there is little likelihood of any
decline in popularity. Horse breed-
ing clubs among Canadian farmers
increased front 125 in 1933 to 264 in
1937, while the number of pure bred
stallions qualifying for approval in
1937 • showed an increase of 21 per
cent. over 1936.
Quality of Chicks
The lowest priced chicks are not
always the cheapest in the end. It
will depend upon the production and
health of the flock from which the
eggs are gathered, on the quality of
male birds used and on the care tak-
en of the eggs after being 'gathered
and while in the hatchery. The ra-
tion fed the breeding flock not only
influences the hatchability of the
egg, but may influence the vigour of
the chick front the fertile egg. Then
there is the size of egg which may be
a factor. It stands to reason that
a chick from. a. 25 -ounce -to -the -dozen
egg will be larger and stronger than
one from a 23 -ounce lot. There is a
reason for chicks, from the Largest
size eggs being more expensive than
chicks from smaller sized eggs. For
instance, the eggs cost more in the
first place. Thus when buying chicks
more than the price should be con-
sidered.
Seed Cleaning Plants
Seed cleaning plants have been
established in many centres and by
their use the grain being sown is
much improved in quality and in free-
dom from weeds. These power plants
not only stake an excellent job - of
grading the grain so as to give a uni-
form sample, but by use of the pro-
per screens and various attachments
the weed seeds are practically all re-
moved and it is possible to fairly
well separate the different varieties
of grain. The Government assists
in the purchase of these machines
when they are used for custom work,
Up to the end of 1937 there were 63
seed cleaning plants in operation and
last year over '700,000 bushels of
.grain were cleaned and nearly 4%/c
million pounds of clover and grass
seed; 11,794 fanners were served by
these plants. There are many far-
mers in the vicinity of these plants
Who might advisedly stake use of
then; but there are yet many centres
Where cleaning plants are not avail-
able. i • . ;
The ordinary fanning still did good
service in its day, and with the use
of the proper screenings and adjust-
ing the wind blast a good job can be
done with the fanning still, but we
believe a better job is accomplished
by the larger power unit.
T.B. Cleanup Campaign
Ontario farmers are rccoming in-
creasingly conscious of the necessity.
of eliminating bovine tuberculosis
from their herds. Breeders of pure-
bred cattle have for years had their
herds tested under the accredited
herd plan and have received com-
pensation for reactors, but under the
restricted area pian for T.B. clean-
up now well under way, owners of
both grade and pure-bred cattle re-
ceive compensation for reactors. In
Ontario there are sixteen counties un-
der the restricted area at the present
time, six counties have completed the
educational campaign and circulation
of petitions, A campaign is under
way with nine or ten other counties
and, several :others are holding' meet-
ings and seeking the sanction of the
county council to proceed with the
preliminary, work leading to a T.B.
3!ree arca. The request first comes.
from the cattle owners and two-thirds
of the tattle owners must be in fair-
our
avour of thearea test before the work
is undertaken. -,
Plowmen's Convention
n
0 tanto plowmen assembled in
their annual convention. at Toronto
expressed ''gratification_ over the re-
cord attendance,at the International
meet last Octobr: This was in spite
of severe weather' conditions which
demonstrated the fact that the public
could be attracted without offering
entertainment features.
The site for" the 1938 competitions
will be northwest of 'Barrie. The
choice was made after representations
had been made by a three-man dele-
gation from Simcoe County. Consid-
eration was promised the request of
a delegation from Simcoe County.
Consideration was promised the re-
quest of a delegation of combined
counties of Leeds and Grenville, who
asked for the match in 1939.
The secretary -manager, 3, A. Car-
roll, stated that in addition, to the big
match there are other activities spon-
sored by the Plowmen's Association.
There are 82 branches, 80 of which.
conducted senior matches. in. 1937. A
new branch was organized at Aneas-
ter in Wentworth County. The Cav-
an and South Monaghan Branch_ was
reorganized and enlarged under the
new. naive Durham County. Similar
action has been proposed in North
Simcae. Application has been receiv-
ed for the organizations of Branches in
Wellington and Renfrew Counties.
Owing to unfavorable local condi-
tions, matches were not held by the
Melville and Parry Sound South
East Branches.
Na feature of the work is more
important than the instruction, and
encouragement given to juniors.
Home ploughing competitions were
conducted in 12 communities and 11
Junior Ploughing Matches were held.
A junior competition was conducted
in Lanark County for the first time
in 1937. Department judges officiat-
ed in all cases. Last year, owing to
lMilted appropriation, the number of
demonstrations was likely to be ,re-
stricted. The executive thought this
unfortunate as demonstrations were
considered perhaps the most effective
methodof education available. As
a consequence, a committee was ap-
pointed to interview the Deputy Min-
ister of Agriculture, and as a result
an additional amount was made avail-
able.
FARM ACCOUNTING
Modern farming is a business and
to be successful should be conducted
in a businesslike manner, Farming
has developed to the stage where it
's a commercial enterprise in which
the character of the management
argely determines income and profit.
It involves the production and sale
of commodities as well as the use of
capital and the purchase. of supplies
and labour the same as most other
kinds of business.
Present conditions in fanning em-
phasize the importance to the fanner
of having a record of his business
transactions as well as a permanent
record of other details of his farm
enterprise to which he can readily
refer. The problem of the farmer is
to meet conditions in such a way that
his farm will give hint the most sat-
sfaetoty net returns, year in and
year out, for the use of his invest-
ment, his labour and hie managerial
ability. Many farmers realize that
some change or adjustment in their
combination of enterprises or methods
of management might increase their
farm income. They may be unable,
however, to determine what changes
to make owing to a lack of records on
which to base any changes in enter-
prises or methods. A farm account
book, properly kept and analyzed, is
the fact finder for the farmer. An
account book points out the weak
spots in the farm business and points
out the holes through which the pro-
fits have leaked.
Green cheese in Great Britain
straight from the press can now be
hermetically sealed in a patent valved
can which permits the cheese to cure
itself without paeaffining or other
handling. The valve allows, gasses to
escape and prevents air entering the
can, Seventy -pound unpasteurized
cheddar cheese is being canned and
automatically cured in this manner.
Many :small German farmers have
been recommended by the Scientific
Institute for Eisperimental "Farming
of the German Government to keep a
sheep for milking niurposes: as well as
one or two goats. .After careful ex-
periment, it has been proved that
sheep's milk contains more nourishing
fats than goat'e milk and is richer in
fats than cow's milk,
77.
T CLINTON .NEWS-RECOR
rhe. Correct Way To Taro '
and Send- Soil Samples G Improved Quality In
Marketing
In the apiary the active season usu-
ally 'eomes
su-ally"comes along with a rush;and be-
fore the beekeeper "realizes it his,
time is fully taken iapj with the care
of his colonies, It'is'toa late, the to
remember some of the things that
should have been done earlier' while
the bees were still dormant in their
hives,' states C. B. Gooderhan , Domin-
ion Apiarist.; Many of the things that
can be done now will, adversely affect
the banking, account if postponed un-
til the summer months; Nothin.g'can
be more disappointing to the beekeep-
er than a heavy honey flow with taro
few supers for his bees to store it in,
or swarms absconding 'for want of
hives to house them. Those who are
intending to import package bees this
spring should have all the necessary
equipment on hand and ready to
house and feed the bees upon their
arrival. Those who are planning to
increase their colonies this summer
should also prepare the necessary
number of hives to take care of this
increase.
It is impossible to forecast wih any
degree of accuracy just .what the
honey crop will be, but it is far safer
to be prepared for a bumper crop
than otherwise, in order to avoid pos-
sible disappointments Iater on. For
every producing colony, at least the
equivalent of three or even four full
depth supers should be prepared. Now
is the time to do this, the summer-
time is too late. This preparation re-
quires that all equipment be overhaul-
ed and put into working shape and
any shortage taken care of by order-
ing new supplies at once. With all
the equipment taken care of and no
danger of shortage, the beekeeper can
then devote his full time to his bees
when they require it, and it will not
be Iong before they do. Springtime
is the most critical time in the life of
a bee colony, it is the time when the
bees are called upon to make their
greatest effort in brood production.
The food supply is usually inadequate
at this time. A. little judicious feed-
ing during the first bright warm days
of spring may save many colonies
from death through starvation, and at
the same time enable them to build
up much faster and to greater
strength for the main honey flow.
For Testing
•
Samples are recorded as they come
in and *tested in order received. Last
year 3660 sanjples. were tested at,•,the
O.A.C. Guelph,. alone. It was :inn
possibie to meet: the overwhelming
ddinand made just previous to spring
seeding and naturally there was some
delay, However with service new a-
vailable at
-vailable'at other points in the Pro-
vince, it is, hoped delay can be eut to
a mininutn, •
The `wa —in which 'the soil sample
Y P
is taken is vitally important in de-
termining the value of the tests. The
sample unust be aepreseutative ,of the
land. •This means that a composite
sample iinust be made front a number
of individual service .taken system-
atically over the field. A clean gar-
den spade, tiling spade or shovel, a
clean pail or hasket. a clean large
knife and suitable.eontainers for soil
samples are the only tools needed.
At the spot selected for taking the
first sample, clear away the surface
litter and epen a short trench, (about
a foot long) to a depth of about eight
inches. With the spade or shovel
take a vertical slice about one inch
thick and seven inches deep along one
side; place the spade flat on the
ground and with the knife try the
sides of the slice to make it about two
inches wide. This leaves a column of
soil2 inches wide, one inch thick and
seven inches long, which is placed in
the pail. This procedure is repeated
at not less than nine other points sys-
tematically distributed aver the field.
The ten cores of soil are then broken
up and thoroughly mixed in, the pail.
After mixing, approximately a cup
of the mixed soil is transferred to
either a clean cloth sack, cardboard
carton or metal can which is labelled
"surface soil No, one". Eaclefield is
sampled the same way. If there are
high and low areas in a field with
quite different soil conditions, each
should be sampled separately as a-
bove and marked accordingly.
If aubsoil samples are desired, they
should be taken at the same time top
soil samples are collected. In this
case the trench is opened to a depth
of eighteen to twenty inches and af-
ter the ton soil slice is taken, a sub-
soil slice from the 8 inch to 16 inch
level is trimmed and put in a sep-
arate pail. Then ten subsoil cores are
broken up, mixed, and a cupful trans-
ferred to another container which is
Labelled to correspond to the top soil
sample.
The value of the subsoil sample test
is that it gives a better check on the
tune and potash supplies, particularly
where deep rooted crops like alfalfa
are concerned.
When the samples have been collect-
ed, they should be air-dried before be-
ing sent to the laboratory. This avoids
considerable loss of the analyst's time
and a delay in getting the report out
promptly.
Not less than a cupful of soil should
be sent. Do not use containers that
have had baking powder, health salts
or other chemicals in them, unless
they have been thoroughly cleaned.
Contamination from this source will
make the tests worthless.
Every sample or package of sam-
ples should carry on the outside the
name and address of the sender. Mail-
ing or shipping charges must be pre-
paid.
Full details regarding crops grown,
manure or fertilizer applied and rate
per acre, should be sent in a letter
referring to- the samples by number.
State yields obtained; outline any dif-
ficulties in growing crops like alfalfa
or the clovers and name the crop for
which the soil treatment is to be re-
commended. The chemical test can be
of real value only when this essential
information is provided.
It is not necessary to have all the
fields on a farm tested at one time.
Samples may be collected at intervals
during slack periods and sent in when
convenient. It is scarcely practicable
to initiate in one season a completely
new soil building .program for the
whole farm. Soil improvement should
be a long term project if it is to be
permanent.
Instalment Buying
ns a Ment uymg is not neWi rt
eXisted in ancient Ramer, where banns
es were sold on time payments. But
apart from its 'tee in the purchase of
houses and: lands, the scheme did not
develop real significance until` the
nineteenth century, when rapidly in-
creasing procluction•'created the 'ne-
cessity for mere widespread markets.
The :past fifteen yeart'liave witnes-
sed a rapid growth in instalment
buying, the scheme being generally
restricted to the purchase of durable
goods such as furniture, musical in-
struments, expensive books or encyc-
lopaedias and some other commodi-
ties having a high resale value.
Instalment buying in Canada' has
reached its greatest development in
the purchase of motor vehicles, There
are several reasons for this. The
popular appeal,, of the motorcar is
high. But its 'cost is also sufficient-
ly great as to prohibit its outright
purchase for cash by large numbers
of the people. The motor car itself
is adapted to the scheme. It is dur-
able, insurable, and, within the time
limits generally set for completion
of all payments, has a high, resale
value.
The. motor dealer, being obliged to
pay cash to the manufacturer before
delivery of cars to his showroom, is
usually unable to provide extensive
credit services for his customers. To
meet this situation, financing torpor•.
ationa have been formed which dis-
count customers' notes, pay cash to;
the dealer and then collect instal -1
ments from the ptuchaser as they
fall due.
Out of almost 116 thousand new
motor vehicles purchased in Canada
one out of every three, were bought.
on the instalment plan through the 1
facilities of these financing corpora -1
tions. The amount of the loan aver-
aged $700 per new vehicle. Used ve-
hicles are also bought on the in
stalment plan tluough the facilities
of these financing corporations. The
amount of the loan averaged $700
per new vehicle. Used vehicles are
also bought on the instalment plan.
There were about 95,000 used motor
vehicles whose purchases were fin-
ancial last year. The average loan
in this instance was $265, according
to the Internal Trade Branch of the
Dominion Bureau of Statistics, De-
partment of Trade and Commerce,.
THE AGE OF CHIVALRY
"You know, dear, you hold that
umbrella over me every bit as nicely
as before we were married. In fact,
you are even more careful."
"I have to pay for your dresses
now."
TEOT OLD SEED
BEFORE SOWING
When seed fails to germinate after
sowing, real loss results, for re -seed-
ing costs money and early crop pros-
pects vanish. Recently a gardener
sent samples of lettuce, onion, beet,
and carrot seed to the Dominion Seed
Branch Laboratory, Ottawa, for ger-
mination test. The seed was three
years old and intended for use next
spring.. The lettuce germinated 72
per cent, the beet 71 per cent, the
carrot 49 per cent and the onion 2
per cent. Time years ago, when
fresh,all of these seeds germinated
over 90 per cent. These tests proved
once again that seine kinds of seed •
lose . their viability quicker than oth•
ers. The onion, seeds were practically
dead when three years old, while the
beet and lettuce seeds retained real
onably high germination, The carrot:
seeds had declined almost 50 per cent.l
in the three years but was still' ser-
viceable at a heavier seeding rate,
These results are typical' of many
tests made.
The point is that old seed should'
not be used before tested for germiinc
ation, This may be done at home
between' two damp' blotters; or a sam-
ple may be sent'to the nearest Dom-
inion Seed Brandt labosatoty',.
ET BEE READY NOW
•
TOURS
, APRIL 7 ' 1938,
i'
PLANT CABBAGES
WINDSOR,April 2 — Approaching
an all-time record for early planting
in Canada, cabbages were planted by
growers in Essex South fields this
week. A total of 11,000 plants everel
set outside Thursday on the farms oft
John Barna and Paul Step, Should
fair weather continue, they plan to l
plant head lettuce and cauliflower the
early part of next week.
Bogs
Hog producers throughout:' Canada
are demonstrating rtheir interest in,
the bacon 'business,by the improved.
duality of 'hogs being •marketed. A
comparison of January grading fig:
uses for 1937 and 1938 shows every
inupgrtant area sharing in this im-
provement, but "pante provinces '' are
having remarkable: results. Manitoba
heads the list with an increase of
over 18 per cent in combined Bacon
and Select Deem "•grades, Alberta and
Quebec follow, each wth increases of.
approximately 10 per cent.' The pro-
portion of light and feeder hogs being
marketed was in each case reduced
by around '50 per cent: This means
that the :average: weight of hogs,
slaughtered most be higher than a
year ago, thus compensating in part:
for reduced numbers..
DOINGS IN THE SCOUT
WORLD
There are 56,875 Boy- Scouts in tli'o!
G'ity' of. London.
Sea Scout
Wins:Deisel Engineering,
Scholarship
T
To thelist of important se]ralar,:
ships won by CanadianBoyScouts hap
been added a Noi'th American Cones,
pondence Coarse award in Deisel en-:
gineering, won by Rover Sea'Seont E.
E. Leggott, of the 8th Oshawa, Ont;;
Sea Scouts. The scholarship compris-:
es a year's' tuition at Los Angeles En,.,
gineering Institute plus $2.50 cash and,
return transportation,
A Scout Chaplain's Pin For The -
Bishop, of Hamilton
A gold Scout Chaplain's lapel pini
The value of the increase in quality was presented to Most Rev. Joseph. P.
on the basis of actual settlements Ryan, Roman Catholic Bishop of Ilam...
would amount to over $20,000 for this ilton, by Provincial Commissioner W.
single, low delivery month. E'stim- J. Cairns, at a largely attended gath
eting roughly on the basis of last ening of Catholic Scouts and leaders,
year's receipts, the improvement at Kitchener, Ont, Bishop Ryan in -
would have distributed nearly $300,,dicated the early appointment' of 'a,
Diocesan Scout Chaplain to assist in,
the organization of Wolf Cub packs,.
and Scout troops throughout the dio-.
cese.
000 extra revenue to Canadian nog
producers. To it also should be added
the improvement in Canada's position
for export trading with its accruing
dividends,
pp s to y that better feed-
ing' Practices and a genera" effort to
cater to bacon trade demands has ac-
counted for these encouraging results.
They point the way to great possibil-
ities for the Canadian industry if
this upward trend can be continued
until the poor class of hog is elimin-
ated. Scientific feeding and attent-
ion to desired market weights is the
essence of the current problem and
hold the key to still more profitable
returns from the market hog,
BETTER BE CAREFUL
The Fergus News -Record tells of
an official of a rural telephone sys-
tem, who paid a surprise visit to a
farm home, and caught the farmer's
wife in an embarrassing situation.
"Listening In" has its attraction, but
its tiresome standing up at a rural
telephone for a long period, and be-
sides this lady had some work to do
at the table. So she drew her table
over near the telephone; sat down at
her work with the receiver tied to her
ear with an arrangement made out of
string . She was able to go on with
her work and all the while she could
pick up the news of the district. But
was her face red when the official
caught her with this improvised car
attachment,
6,000 "Handicapped" Boys In Scouting,
There are now some 6,000 handicap-.
ped boys—blind, deaf, dumb, mental'
defectives and crippled— enrolled fa,
the Handicapped Branch of the Boy
Scout movement in Great Britain, Tho
Scout connection and training has
proved of important benefit to such
boys, notably in the mental result of
of discovery that they can share many
of the activities of physically- normal
boys. Canada also has Scout troops
and Wolf Cub packs in- many of its•
institutions and hospitals for sick anal'
handicapped children.
World's Farthest North Boy Scouts
Believed to be the world's farthest
north units of the Boy Scout move-
ment a Wolf Club Pack and Scout
Troop have been reported by Alberta
provincial Scout headquarters at Ed-
monton as having been organized at
Aklavik. The only possible rival is
an American Scout troop at Point
Barrow, Alaska. The Aklavik pack
and troop comprise. Eskimo and In-
dian boys, underthe Ieadership of
Principal Sherman Shepherd of All'
Saints' residential school, and Miss
Doris Nixon of the teaching staff,
formerly of Manitoba. A new Scout
troop also has been formed at Font'
Smith.
The
Open Road
SUPPOSE you came suddenly upon two reads. One straight, well -
trodden ... the other thin and twisting off into undergrowth. If
you didn't want to arrive at any place in particular, you might
choose the latter. But not otherwise.
Before you, as buyer, run two roads. One is the road of know-
ledge, of an advertised product. Thousands use it. There's no
mystery about it, no doubting, nothing hidden. It leads the way
definitely to a fountain pen, a floor wax, a tooth -paste that will
give you satisfaction. When you use an advertisement, you use
an open road.
When you don't use advertisements, you go the doubtful road.
You have only hazy knowledge of the product ahead. No trade-
mark or name to depend upon guides you, 'The result may or may
not be worth the effort. You don't know.
Read the advertisements. Anything widely advertised—break-
fast food, hammer, hair tonic—has proved itself good by advertising.
Advertisements put you on the
open road to satisfaction
The i
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