The Clinton News Record, 1938-01-06, Page 6THE CLINTON' NEWS.RECORH
., JAN: 6,19ag.
'mealy Information for t
Busy Farmer
(Purnislied by the Depart -rent of Agrietilttlx,e)
Alma], Conventions
Ontario Vegetable Growers—Janu-
ary, 11 and 12, King Edward Hotel,
Ontario Fruit Growers' Association
--.e.Tanuaay. 19th, 20th and 21st, Royal
Connaught Hotel, Hamilton.
Poultry Sold on Grade
The major portion of. Christmas
poultry was bought and sold on grade
this year, thanks to the newspaper
advertising campaign by the'Dornin-
ion Department of Agriculture which
received every assistance of the On-
tario Department of Agriculture in
the matter.
Retailers report the public as being
pleased with the idea of graded poul-
try as it takes the "guess" out of
buying the Christmas turkey. In oth-
er words, housewife pays for what
she gets. A Grade "A" red tag tells
the buyer that the bird, whether tur-
key, chicken, goose or duck, is well
fleshed and especially fattened for
tenderness. A Grade "B" or blue tag
shows that the bird is a good one,
but not as well -fleshed, while a Grade
"C" or yellow tag tells the world that
Mr. Turkey is not quite as good in
quality and therefore not worth so
much of the householder's money.
Livestock Situation
Exports of live cattle to the United
States recorded a substantial increase
during the past year, but shipments
to the United Kingdom were neglig-
ible. With the severe decline in cat-
tle prices in the United States in re-
cent weeks, the market is now defin-
itely below an exnort basis, but the
recent reduction in Canadian markets
has placed Ontario cattle in a position
for export to the United Kingdom.
The trend of bacon and ham ex-
ports to the United Kingdom con -
tinned to rise and for the twelve
months ending September 1937, Cana-
dian exports totalled 195-000,000
pounds as compared with 133,000,000
pounds in the previous twelve-month
period, and only 11,000,000 pounds in
the calendar ,,year 1931: The rapid
progress made by Canada towards 111 -
ling its quota of 280,000,000 pounds
granted by. the United Kingdom in
1932 is quite apparent and every ef-
fort should be made to prevent any
falling -off in exports to this market.
Shipments of western feeder cattle
to Ontario reached an all-time record
this year, with the total number 75%
usual percentage of these were of
quite light weights and will not be
ready for marketing until next' stun -
mer off the grass, and quite a number
will be carried oyer a second winter.
The heavy inflow this season is an
indication of the abundant supplies
of coarse feed available in the pro -
Care of Farm NVoodlot
Brings Good Results
Grazing by live stock and burning
probably create more damage to the
farm woodlot than any other agen-
cies, and, therefore, foresters rearm -
end fencing off the woodlot from cat.
tle and taking particular care to see
that fire does not burn over the woods.
By following certain simple rules,
farmers can get good results out of
the care of the woodlot. These rules
are: 1, Keep the live stock out of the
woods; 2, confine annual cutting to
a definite area of the lot; 3, make no
large openings in the woods; 4, favour
the thriftiest best -formed crop trees;
5, remove some of the larger crop
trees where crowding exists; 6, cut
inferior trees for wood; and 7, protect
the woods against fire.
The reason why live stock should
be kept out of the wood -lot is that
their presence tends to have the litter
trampled under the trees and packs
the soil so thht the water run-off and
consequent erosion of soil axe encour-
aged. Further, the admission of live
stock to the woodlot prevents the
proper growth of the new crop of
trees which comes up under normal
conditions to renjace the trees that
are harvested. The actual growth of
the standing trees also, is reduced
through the abnormal conditions thus
set up. By keeping live stock out of
the woodlot, normal conditions pre-
vail and with proper thinning of the
stands by culling the inferior trees,
the timber crop will be improved.
It is estimated that farm woodlots,
especially hardwoods, will produce
at least 50 per cent more lumber if
the lots are protected from fire and
heavy pasturing avoided, the increase
in production being realized by the
greater number of standing trees and
by the less defect in the lumber that
is grown. Another essential in the
production of full lumber crops is
the employment of methods of cutting
trees which favour continuous. growth.
Although farm woodlots do not re-
quire the same attention as orchards,
at the same time, to obtain profitable
returns,•some attention must be given
greater than last fall. More than the to the conditions of growth.
j111•11MIIMMI
•
C'keSNAP,S1-10T CUIL
TABLE -TOP HUMORETTES
Breakfast! A simple, humorous idea, simply and neatly told. The spotlight
la a two4rch hole in a piece of cardboard, held in front of an amateur
• floodlight bulb. Exposure ye second at 1.16.
A'OST amateur camera workers
ityi wait until they find a picture
situation ready-made before they
anap the shutter. Others have found
that they do not have to wait—that
they can often create a picture op-
portunity by selecting and arrang-
ing materials already at hand.
Still-life studies, of fruit, of
Hewers, of the play of light on tex-
tiles and glassware, aro all exam-
ples of this creative method and a
still-life expertly done can possess
extraordinary beauty. Still-lifes,
however, require a keen sense of
pictorial composition, judgment in
lighting and a willingness to ar-
range and rearrange until every-
thieg is exactly right,
"Table -top" photography permits
more latitude, particularly when
the central idea is humorous. Here
the emphasis is on telling a story,
rather than developing an ideal ar-
rangement of lights and shadows
and textures. In consequence, the
"table -top" worker can limit his la-
bor to the story -telling essentials,
and let supplementary 'considera-
4tions go.
Small toys, comical in themselves,
.3;r0 easy subjects to work with.
Dolls aro also convenient to use.
The clever worker can construct
tunny figureS from vegetables—for
example, a cerrot appropriately
dressed a,ntl equipeed with tiny wire
epectaeles can become a very pee-
sentable old lady. Cotton -and -wire
pipe cleaners can be bent and com-
bined into interesting action. pie- 170 J01111,11/1
tures—an instance would be adagio
dancers on a stage. Good characters
can also be made of modeling wax—
and often the cruder the modeling
the funnier the effect.
Seenic materials, when needed,
are easy to get. Fluffy cotton makes
excellent snow; small twigs make
good trees; light brown sugar
serves nicely for sand and a piece
of glass laid over a dark cloth will
do for water. Doll furniture is use-
ful in realistic indoor sets.
Some amateurs build elaborate
miniature stage settings for their
"table -tops" just as if they were
producing a professional motion
picture. This can be fascinating '•
work and often well worth while.
But it is not imperative and can be
avoided simply by selecting a story,
idea that does not demand realistic
background.
`Table -topping" requires that the
photographer. work fairly close uis
to his subject, lee can do this in
two ways: either by using a par -
trait attachment over the lens of is
camera, or by using a camera with
double -extension bllows. Cameras
of the latter type will allow hint to
photograph small object in their
actual size and they usually have
gronndglass backs which help in
focusing and arranging the picture.
When a subject shows up too small
on a negative, it is, good practice to
have it enlarged, with surplus mar-
gin masked out.
Try "table -topping." ?tall like it.
Standard Preparation..
Of Market Poultry
From all points of view, the proper
presentatipn of dressed poultry on the
market is a matter of the utmost im-
portance, and, in order to eiplain the
various steps necessary to bring his
about, the Dominion -Department of
Agriculture has issued a bulletin un-
det the title "Standard Methods. for
the Preparation of Market Poultry,"
The material in this publication has
been prepared by the Marketing Ser-
vice (Poultry Division) of the Dorninz
ion Department of Agriculture, in co-
operation with the Chairman and
rnemberasf the Egg and Poultry Com-
mittee of the Canadian Produce Asso-
ciation, and \members of the National
Research Council.
Suppihmenterl by illustrations, the
bulletin deals in detail with the var
ious subjects of preparing for killing,
killing and bleeding, blood cup and
head weights, plucking (dry -plucking,
semi -scalding, and wax plucking),
cleaning and slushing, pre -cooling,
head -wrapping selecting birds for pac-
king, packing boxes, lining the boxes,
stenc9ling and printing, and frozen
storage.
The subject of fattening' methods
is Covered in ether publications issued
by the Department, but, as this bulle-
tin points out, it should belemphasized
that the most exacting- care in killing,
dressing, and packing cannot compen-
sate for the lack of proper finish. On
the other hand, it should also be em-
phasized that the fine bloom and at-
ractive appearance secured from pro-
per feeding can easily be destroyed if
correct methods are not adopted in
processing and pre -cooling. Good
bloom and attractive sales appearance
in box -packed poultry is apparent on-
ly when the birds have been proper-
ly finished,( killed, plucked, pre -cool-
ed, and uniformly and neatly stencil-
led. The bulletin may be obtained
free on appication to the Publicity
and Extension Branch, Dominion De-
partment of Agriculture, Ottawa.
ACTIVE MARKETS FOR
CANADIAN HORSES
The movement of horses in Canada
in the process of marketing is inter-
esting, the major movement being
from West to East. In 1936, Western
horses to the number of 32,847 were
shipped to points east of Manitoba,
over half of them being billed to the
province of Quebec. During the first
eleven months of 1937, the number of
Western horses sent to Eastern Can-
ada was 38,108, almost 6,000 more
than the total shipments of 1936.
While 19,2'02 Western horses were
shipped' to the province of Quebec in
1936, it should not be concluded, ex-
plains J, M. MacCalluin of the Live
Stock Branch, Dominion Department
of Agriculture that they were for
the needs of that province. A great
many of the horses were sold to the
United States, and many eventually
Went to the Maritime Provinces. Of
the horses reaching Winnipeg in 1936,
17,075 were from Alberta, 15,711 from
Saskatchewan, 1,086 from Manitoba,
and 136 from British Columbia,
At a value in excess of 32,000,000.
Canadian horses to the number of 17,-
358 were shipped to the United States
in 1936, principally to the North East-
ern States. For the first eleven
months of 19$7, the number exported
was approximately 10,000 head at pri-
ces averaging about $8 a head above
the price in 1936 and $14 above 1935.
in fact, horse prices in Canada for
the past two years have shown an in-
crease over the previous year, and
during the first half of 1937 a further
increase occurred. Since June prices
have eased off, due probably to the
enforced selling of work horses in the
drought areas, but it is believed that
prices will advance again with the
approach of spring.
Exports to the United Kingdom in
1937 up to October 31 were 420 as
against 283 in 1936. Prices up to $500
were realized in Glasgow and London
for choice drafters, with many good
ones bringing $300 to $e00. Although
not apparent at first sight, the price
of drafters in Great Britain can be of
great importance to the horse business
in Canada. There is a decided short-
age there and a good demand for good
big sound drafters and vanners. Hor-
ses of Clydesdale and Shire breeding
have always bean, and still are, popu-
lar there, but there are not enough
horses of this kind to supply the de -
mend. Horses from Belgium have
found ready sale at good prices, and
Canadian horses of Percheron and Be
gian, as well as Clydesdale, breeding
have been well received. It is true
that transportation costs are rather
a handicap. in developing this trade,
but the fact remains that there is a
good market in Great Britain for the
kind of horses Canada is in a position
to supply.
, For many years the Dominion De-
partment of Agriculture has given
generous assistance to horse breeding
,in Canada through various policies.
The Clubbing Policy of the Depart-
ment is confined to the three Prairie
Provinces; the Dorairtion-Provincial
Premium Policy to Eastern Canada,
'British Columbia, and Saskatchewan;
and the Breeding Station Policy is
operating in every province from
Quebec to the Pacific Coast. These
policies are all based upon the prin-
ciple of assisting horse breeding
through the use of pure bred sires. In
1936 assistance was given on the ser-
vices of950 pure bred stallions; 1,100
in 1936; and in 1937 the number will
be approximately*I 2o(l'
HOUSEHOLD INSECT'S'
CAUSE HgAyY oss s
L E
In an address te the Entomological
poeiety of Ontaria on the impartance
of cleardiniss and good Imusekeeping
Practices in household insect control,
0. R. Pwinn of the Entomological
Branch, Dominicin Department of Ag-
riculture, said that undoubtedly the
most injurious of household insects
are the two species of clothes moths,
of which the .webbing clothes moth is
the more hileortant. These univer-
sally common insects have probably
been a source of loss and annoyance
to man from the earliest tirnes, but
the improved standards of living of
modern times, involving wider use of
manufactured fur and woollen cloth-
ing, rugs, and upholstered furniture,
have greatly extended their field .of
damage. As the black carpet beetle
has somewhat similar habit e to. the
moth, the following remarks may be
considered as applying equally to it.
These insects are most apt to mul-
tiply in places wherethere is relative-
ly little disturbance. This is an impor-
tant point and should be borne in
mind as it suggests the rernedy.
Care, forethought, and vigilance need
to be exercised. Incipient infestations
should be traced to their source and
removed without delay to prevent
their spread. Clothing subject to da-
mage, when not in use, should be
brushed and beaten, or be sent to the
dry cleaners, before being carefully
stowed 'away in moth -proof bags 'or
bexes. Frequent attention to clothing
not so protected is necessary during
the warmer months of the year.
Floor cracks, especially when cov-
ered with rugs or carpets, need to be
filled or cleaned out periodically. The
spaces behind baseboards and other
woodwork should not be overlooked.
Woolen liiit, dust and debris which
collect in the cold air shafts of house
furnaces form 'a source of infestation
and should be removed from time to
time. Rugs and carpets, especially
those with a thick pile, or with felt
padding beneath them, require to be
cleaned on both sides at frequent in-
tervals, preferably with a vacuum
cleaner. Surface damage to suscep-
tible fabrics on upholstered furniture
amy be prevented by frequent brush-
ing and the use of a vacuum cleaner.
The felting in pianos also needs atten-
tion periodically. • •
Another species of household insect
that may multiply where care is not
exercised is the larder beetle. This
is a pest of animal -food products ancl
normally occurs in dwellings in 'small
numbers, or as occasional specimens
accidentally introduced. Sometimes,
due to a lack of cleanliness, homes
may be completely overrun with them.
One source of outbreaks of the larder
beetle, which demonstrates the impor-
tance of periodically cleaning unused
Parts of the home, is the dead bodies
of cluster flies. These flies often en-
IVIuch 1VIore Prof}table
With R. 0 P. Poultry
Record of Performance for Poaltry
is a plan for breeding peultry for
greatly increased egg production,
large egg Size and good market meat
type. Under Record of Performance
(usually called "R.O.P."),‘ poultrymen
trapnest a certain' number of their
pullets—from fifty to a thousand
during their first laying year. The
eggs are weighed, once a week. Re-
cords of the number of eggs and their
Weight, for each bird, are sent to the
Dominion Department of Agriculture
in Ottawa each week and there com-
piled. Inspectors visit these R.O.P.
flocks each month, handle the birde
and verify the records. So competent
are these Inspectors that they can
readily tell front a bird's appearance
and. "feel" whether she has laid the
number of eggs recorded.
Only the birds which lay two hun-
dred or more eggs in a year, averag-
ing at least twenty-four ounces per
dozen, are certified and used in the
breeding pens. The pullets under test
are 'usually pedigreed, that is, their
sire and dam are known and thus the
matings which have given the best re-
sults—shown the most "prepotency"
are easily picked out. By following
this system, breeding only from the
most prepotent families, of birds, the
R.O.P. breeders build up flocks and
strains fax more productive and pro-
fitable than ordinary flocks of poul-
try. Cockerels from these R. 0. P.
flocks have proven over and over a-
gain to be capable of improving the
egg production, egg size and market
meat type of farm and commercial
flocks.
At this time of the year, many
thousands of these R. 0. P. cockerels
are approved and banded by the In-
spectors, and sold by the R. 0. P.
breeders to hateherymen, farmers and
commercial poultry keepers. In two
provinces all flocks supplying hatch-
ing eggs to hatcheries are headed by
these R.O.P. males.
Every R.O.P. male is bred from at
least two generations—sire and dam,
grand sires and grand dams—of two
hundred egg breeding. Each cockerel
is pedigreed and must be a big hus-
ky bird to pass inspection.
These R.O.P. cockerel are in keen
demand this year. Persons desirous
of puochaeine them may obtain lion
of R.O.P. breeders who have cockerels
for sale by writing to the Poultry
Division, Produetion Services, Domin-
ion Department of Agriculture, Oita -
Wa.
ter dwellings in large numbers in the
autumn, around window frames, un-
der shingles, and through cracks re-
sulting from faulty construction, and
their corpses may accumulate in attics
and neglected rooms and serve as food
'material for larder beetle larvae.
NEWS OF HAPPENINGS
IN THE COUNTY AND.
DISTRICT
GIFTED SEAFORTH MINISTER
Rev. R. P. D. Hurford, Da, who
has been appointed Rector of Si.
Thotnas' Anglican Church, Seaforth
will take up his duties about the mid-
dle of January. Mr. Hurford came
to Canada front Upper Norwood, Lon-
don, England, 1909; graduated from
Wycliffe College, Toronto, 1913; win-
ner of the Wycliffe, College Gold
Medal in oratorical contest 1912; or-
dained by Bishop Mills (Ontario) at
Kingston 1913; BD. (1st class) 1920;
D,D. (Wycliffe College and General
Synod) by examination 1934; Rural
Dean, Grey county., 1930-3; secretary -
treasurer of Shelburne Public Lib-
rary for 10 years; now Masonry
Chaplain of Lorne Lodge 377 (Shel-
burne) for 1937-8; Assistant Grand
Chaplain, 1931, and Past Master of
two lodges; during a vacancy at Wy-
cliffe College in 1937 temporarily
lectured at Wycliffe College in New
Testament Etsegesis (in addition to
parish work); 12 years Rector of St.
Paul's Church, Shelburne.--Sea.forth
News.
AT CASTLE REYNOLDS
Guests at County Jail Rave Their
Share of Christmas Cheer
Genial J. B. Reynolds, governor of
the County Jail, is a great favorite
with "his boys"—seven of them—who
spent the Christmas holiday as guests
of the County. They were given all
the comforts of home and treated to
a huge "spread" on Christmas Day;
and it was one of their own choosing.
Mr. Reynolds had made arrange-
ments for a turkey dinner, but the in-
mates stated a preference for goose,
so the order was changed. With the
main goose course went soup, vege-
tables, pudding—in fact, literally ev-
erything from soup to nuts. The feast
was topped off with cigars and cig-
arettes.-Goderich Signal.
Burned In Fighting Fire
Jas. R. Cutt was badly burned
about the right hand and wrist late
Thursday night whem he fought a fire
barehanded in a cloak -room at his
store on the Square.
AIR POLLUTION
Up and down thenountierthere'artel
to be seen very tall chirrineye, eepec-
ially in or near industrial centres.
Many of them are very old.and soms».
of thein, after the plants with which
they were eoratected had been abate.
doned or dismantled, were left intact
as reminders or memorials of a mem
-
thriving industry. The'se chimney%
usually built of the forest brick ob-
tainable were, in many cases, works of
architectural art, beautifel on the
landscape. A notable example stands
on a, little promontory on the Ottawa_
RiverrneeaairThet tsheeveCraainraedaias onnscawphityal. these
chimneys were built so tall. One was
because of the danger of sparks set-
ting fire to adjoining timber or pro-.
perty. Shot up so high into the air,
the sparks were more likely to be ex-
tinguished before they reached the -
ground.
But a greater reason than all was,
to carry poisonous gases and other
pollutions as Inc away as possible
from the nostrils a the people. Health:
was considered.
The smokes and fumes front domes--
tice and industrial chimneys, exhaust
from combustion engines, dust 'whirl-
ed no by vehicles, as well, as other -
activities of man, all pollute the air
we breathe. Exposure for a length of
time to polluted air is detrimental to;.
health and effieiency. Certaite ftanass
and dusts are worse than others.
Air pollution is not a subject to
which very many people have given
special attention, but it is an impor-
tant question. We are supposed to
inhale 371/e pounds of air every tweet-
ty-four hours and, especially those.
who live in cities, are daily inhaling,
along with that air, such things as
dust, cinders, tarry matters, acids,.
carbon monoxide and micro-organisms.
It is impossible to place an estimate •
upon the amount of material and gas
we inhale, along with the air, but an
idea can be gained in a city stockyard.
We are told that the lungs of a sheep,
just arrived front a farm far distant
from the city, will be of a clean pink
shade, but in a sheep which has been
in a city for even a few days, the.
lungs will be darker in colour.
In some large cities the deposits of
air pollution have been measured and
estimated. London, the largest city in
the world, deposited from the air 284
tons of impurities to the square mile
and the fig-ure for Toronto is pretty
A curtain at the entrance to the much the same.
eloak-room was found blazing near
closing time. Apparently the blaze
was started by an inadvertently drop-
ped match. Mr. Cutt tore down the
curtain and smothered the flames be-
fore any of the huge Christinas stock
was reached. His prompt action kept
damages at a minimum.— Goderich
Star.
Air pollution is closely connected
with the problem of fuel economy.
There is much mare soot front the .
top of a domestic chimney, generally
speaking, than from a factory chim-
ney and a noted expert states that a.
large percentage of the fuel bill of
the country is wasted through pre..
ventable inefficiency.
-
For 62 years doctors have been coming daily to this
Hospital to donate their time without charge. During
the past year over three score of them donated 40,000
hours of work to the task of giving sick and injured
Children the very best chance for the recovery of health
and happiness.
Crippled? Deformed? Hurt in an accident? Suf-
fering from Disease? Just "yes" to any of these ques-
tions has always opened the doors of this institution to
children in need of hospital care.
No distinction has ever been made in respect to race,
creed or circumstances.
The Provincial and Municipal Governments each
contribute a fixed amount per day for those who cannot
pay. But these grants do not contemplate the cost of
medicines, operating rooms, oxygen, X-rays, plaster casts,,
anaesthetics, special diets and extra nursing -:--and they
do not provide for the cost of many, many other neces-
sary items.
- Each year we depend on public subscriptions to
cover 'these extra costs. 1Won't you help this very
worthy cause?
Please send your gift direct to 67 College Street,
Toronto. We employ no canvassers.
IMPORTANT
This Hospital does NOT
share in the funds collect.
ad by the Toronto Federa5
tion for Community Service
because patients ore ad.
mined from oil parts of
ow Province.
67 COLLEGE
Vi
iiR2 ' A
STREET is TORONTO
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