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The Clinton News Record, 1942-03-12, Page 6PAGE 6 TUE CLINTON NEWS -RECORD • TrnJRS., MAR.. 121194a 'MANY PEOPLE STILL SEEP IN • SHELTERS IN LONDON'S 'UN- ;UERGBOUND STATIONS (continued from page 3) 'and bumped into, me. There wasn't any need: the sidewalk Was wide and it wasn't eeally dark. "Sorry, sir," she said, so I asked her which way to the Strand. "Dawn that way," she said, "But I am going this way. You coming this 'way?" "No thanks!" I said and continued on my way south. Trafalgar Square was familiar to me, day or night. I turned down past a bombed church and, an ambulance passed me in the darkness with its bell clanging, and stopped at the next corner.' As I walked past, a lady ee a stretcher was taken in the little door. The last tune, I had been past that corner, a friend had pointed to that same door. "That's where they took me the night I 'smashed upmy car in the big blitz." he had said: That was the first time I had known he had been bombed. I caught up to a very fat man at the next corner. He looked congenial. "Is this the Strand?" I asked. I knew it was, but that might be an opening. "It is that," he said, "though it's not like it used to be in the old days when it was so full of traffic that you couldn't cross it anywhere here- aboute." He turned to me. "You're an Amer- ican and don't remember it'?" 1 explained I was a Canadian, "I knew it was one or the other," he said evidently thinking there was no real difference. Ors a beautiful night like that, it was natural to turn to the weather next. "Last year," he said "they came over every night, moon or no moon." (Hitler is never mentioned by name and the Germans seldom; it is 'he or 'they.') "About half -past eight, it was. You could set your watch by it. One hundred and sixty-eight nights without a break. Hell, it was. But I'd rather be in London in a blitz than have to live anywhere else. No place like London! And I'll lite here while they leave two houses standing. But there's the entrance to your hotel across the street, sir." We parted anel I edged my way carefully across the Strand, and passed through the revolving door into the bright lights. V 4Angle Shots With Camera If you own a single or a double - lens reflex you have a camera which is most versatile for making all kinds of angle shots, For example, if you want to get a picture over the heads of a crowd or the spec- tators at a gathering of some kind, simply hold the camera upside-down over your head and look up into the groundglass when composing your scene. By extending your arms you thus are able to shoot over obstructions in front of you. For snaking shots looking down out of a window or over the edge of a cliff or a roof, simply extend the camera out over the edge with the lens pointing down at your scene and with the groundglass screen facing you. Variations of this pro- cedure may be used to get surprise shots of children and pets from a high perspective, since they are not so apt to be on guard as when the camera is pointed directly at them in the usual manner. As you ex- periment with these different posi- tions, others will occur to you and you will find yourself making many shots from many angles. Shrinkage in Steer At present only 10.1 per cent of the total weight of a live steer is valueless. The percentage for hogs is much smaller and for sheep un; der 15 per cent. Shrinkage in the process of production raises "waste" to from 30.3 per cent in the case of sheep to 21.75 per cent for hogs. But even this is too much, according to the packers. The average thousand -pound steer yields 543 pounds of beef, 181 pounds of by-products and 296 pounds of shrinkage and waste. All efforts are now being bent to eliag, nate the latter loss. Love on Picket Line When Alicia Butler had a spat with boy friend Elvin Hanback, she didn't retire to her room for a good cry. Alicia got out a picket sign, lettered it to read "Elvin is unfair to Alicia," and marched determin- edly up and down in front of his house until he agreed to "arbi- trate." The "settlement" is now on a per- manent basis. The picketing Juliet and her picketed Romeo are Mr. and Mrs. Elvin Hanback, of Wash- ington, D. C., and Alicia announced she'd thrown awayherpicket Sigel for good. YOUR ESTA,E If you want a prompt, economical,, business- like a d"'in'stration"of your estate, name as your EXECUTOR -- THE STERIZIG TRUVM lira DAY 5'f.tTORONTO OVER 8u YEARS E,.1 -a3-Net 'Lost' Indian Tongues " < Again Are Being Studied Four extinct southern 'Texas tribes, that Spanish explorers once dubbed, "wandering and cannibal Indians," have attained a peaceful sort of scientific inunortality. Ev- ery known scrap of their dead lan- guages has been gathered into one small scientific publication by I)r. John :R. Swanton of the Bureau of American Ethnology. Their speech, which now becomes a part of the record of complex re- lationships of America's numerous Indian groups, is remarkably dis- tinct, one tribe from the other. Un- familiar to most modern Americans, the tribes are the Coahuiltecans, the Karankawans, Taumalipecans, and Janambrians. All were fairly small, and probably quite primitive, tribes which died out or were mas- sacred in contact with white con- querors. Material on which Dr. Swanton has drawn for his report of their speech includes such documents as a vocabulary of just 29 words made by two survivors of La Salle's col- ony. These men, brothers, lived with Karankawa Indians after their leader's death in 1687, until they were captured by Spaniards and then rescued from a Spanish ship by a French frigate. Another Karankawa vocabulary of 106 words was made in 1720 and became lost to scientific knowledge until discov- ered among French archives iD 1919. A number of tribes of the south Texas and Mexican border region are represented in language records by two words apiece. of X -Ray in Business Saves Thousands of Dollars The X-ray has gone into business. The machine, developed primarily to aid In diagnosing human ills, now works in packing plants, in foundries, in service stations, and in a dozen ingenious ways contrib. utes to precision and accuracy in industry. Maintenance men for the Detroit Edison company, tb be on the safe side, condemned and replaced many poles which seemed to be rotting but later proved to be per- fectly sound at heart. Now an X- ray machine mounted on a truck peers into the poles where they stand, determines their condition, and thus saves the company a lot of poles and a lot of money. , California and Arizona citrus fruit growers use 100 X-ray machines to sort their crop. With them, after one severe frost, California sal- vaged 2,000,000 boxes of oranges which would have been condemned by ordinary methods. The ma- chines had cost $250,000; the or- anges they saved for market brought $7,500,000. Peanuts coming into the packing plant bring with them pebbles and lumps of dirt. Neither screens nor the electric eye could detect them all, but the X-ray spots them. Mak- ers of chewing gum, candy and to- bacco now use it similarly to de- tect foreign substances. Wet Plaster of Paris Plaster of Paris absorbs moist- ure, and the wetter it gets, the low- er ower its electrical resistance. Dr. George John Bouyoucos of Michi- gan State college made use of this principle in a handy gadget which tells farmers the moisture content of their fields. Blocks of plaster of Paris the size of safety -match boxes are buried with wires leading to the surface. The wetter the soil, the lower the resistance of the buried blocks. Measurements can be taken by merely hooking the surface wires to a Wheatstone bridge, which measures the e1ec: trical resistance. By, burying a number of plaster blocks at key lo• cations, a farmer can go around of 'any time and get a moisture mal of his land.. s Eggs Rich in Minerals Fresh eggs are bountiful and one of the best buys on the market be- cause they are good body builders with efficient protein in their yolks and whites. The yolks are especial- ly rich in iron—the mineral that helps to form red blood cells. They are an important source of cal- cium, another mineral that's likely to be low in many diets. Eggs are also a rich source • of phosphorus and are a good source of riboflavin (vitamin G). For good measure, other vitamins are always present — vitamins A and D varying in amounts depending on what the hen had to eat. Modern poultry- men see to it that their hens are liberally supplied with vitamins A and D. Every Man a Chef Latest and brightest development in the culinary world is a cook -it - yourself restaurant in New York. This, together with the restaurant proper, consists of a beautifully and shinily equipped . kitchen where the customer can whip himself up a hamburger supreme or a cheese souffle, without even .the bother of doing the dishes after (the restau- rant proyides cleaner -uppers). The only losers in this general jollity are the girls who come home night •after night and, wearily cook din- ner. It ,Must be pretty tough oat them when they get an evening out to have their escorts propose that it would: be no end of fun to go over find dash off a filet mignon. Mexican Jungle Trees ` y Yield Gum Ingredient Every year the people . of the United States spend $5,000,000 'on chewing gum., Yet comparatively few are acquainted with• the dra- matic story behind the manufacture of this masticatory substance. The Sapodilla or Sapota tree that yields the chicle grows in Yucatan, the heart of the Mexican jungle. The chicle is obtained by gather- ing the latex, a milky substance which forms the chief ingredient of the chewing gum. The chieleros, or chicle bleeders as they are commonly called, are recruited from among the peasants, for the urban population is consid- ered unfit to endure the hardships of the chiclero's life. The sapota tree grows to great heights. Its wood is very hard and the latex is obtained by making an incision into small branches and into the stem of the evergreen leaves. This is a very delicate operation and re- quires great skill,' The chiclero can either kill the tree or make it exude the milky fluid in abundant quality, depending on how skilfully he han- dles his machete, Moreover, he must be an agile climber since the tree tops are usually 20 to 30 felt above the ground. After the sap is gathered it is boiled in gigantic kettles. The pic- ture of the half -naked Indians is -a weird sight and invariably recalls visions of cannibals boiling their victims for the feast. Once the sap is cooked it turns a pure white. It is next poured into wooden molds where it rapidly forms into solid blocks. Each of these blocks bears the mark of the chiclero who gath- ered the sap. t Durability of Canvas Makes Luggage Lighter Oldtime luggage was made only from leather or cowhide, This nat- ural heavy skin was durable and bags made of this lasted a lifetime; but it gave the bag excessive weight. A bag for men, of the type known as the "Gladstone," with straps and extra protective riveted corners, often weighed 25 pounds empty, Today, about 75 per cent of all Luggage is manufactured following a radically different construction principle—that on which the air- plane itself was built. It was about 1933, when the aeroplane became a popular mode of passenger travel, that the luggage it carried was also forced to adapt itself to the urgent demands for less bulk. Aeroplane engineers discovered that canvas, when stretched tightly over a frame of light wood or ten- sile steel, was durable but light, with numerous other advantages, and quite naturally Milady's lug- gage followed suit and the new type became quickly known as aeroplane luggage, It is to the introduction of canvas as a covering that present-day suit- cases owe many of their smart features. Birds Save Our Crops The humming bird is one of our tiniest and loveliest birds, one you usually see hovering daintily before a blossom as he sips nectar. But a substantial portion of his diet consists of spiders—some nearly as big as he is. This is one of the birds that eat the insects that would eat the crops that we eat, As long as they stay on the job we eat. Other birds that protect our crops include the woodpeckers, who are death on insects that live in trees; Cedar Waxwing and the Indigo Bunting that destroy insects, desert cater- pillars and grasshoppers; the Car- dinals that belong to a large group of birds that keep down weeds by eating tons of weed seeds yearly; and the Junco fledglings that eat insects and weed seeds. `Collapsible Dinghy' On board every plane of Eng- land's coastal command is slung at least one "collapsible dinghy." Folded, it is a mere bundle of rub- berized fabric, no larger than a suit- case. Flung out into the sea, a cyl- inder of compressed air comes auto- matically into action and blows it up into an adequate boat -raft capa- ble, of holding the entire crew. It is virtually unsinkable and equipped with first-aid outfit, provisions, oars and a compass. These dinghies are painted a vivid yellow—a color which shows up more distinctly and at a greater, range than any other. And lately substances have been developed which can be sprayed on to the water so as to form a big yel- low patch, visible from many miles away, around the craft. For Aching Heels • Few things will work a hole, in the heel of a stocking more quickly than a rough patch of skin on the area where the back of the shoe comes against the foot. Particular care of this part of the foot during the daily bath, and special attention during the nightly beauty care, will soften and smooth this troublesome heel -scaling. Bathe the feet well in warm, soapy water, letting them soak for a good five minutes. Then- use henuse a fairly stiff brush on the area. Rinse the feet well, and dry thor- oughly with a clean, soft towel. Lu- bricate the heel section with vase - line or cold" cream; and wearlight cotton anklets' to ' bed 'ad that the cream will: stay• en the feet instead of on the sheets. es Ocean Water for Life Necessary for Seafish Sea water has been studied with great -care and we know the things which are to be found in it. These include magnesium sulphate and calcium sulphate, also iodine and salt. Salt is the chief thing which can be taken from sea water. It has been figured that one cubic mile of water in the Atlantic ocean con- tains 128,284,000 tons of common salt! Think of how many billions and trillions of tons of salt there are in the oceans of the 'world! People need a certain amount of salt for good health, but we should never worry about using it all up. One small bay of the ocean has enough salt to last the human race for thousands of years. It would seem a simple thing to provide "home-made" ocean water for ocean fish in an aquarium We might suppose all that need be done is to put fresh water in the tanks and add the salt and chemicals which exist in ocean water. That has been done, but when ocean flsh were placed in the water they died soon afterward. Men who take care of aquariums know what to do, however. In a tank of "home-made ocean water" a small amount of real ocean water is poured. The real ocean water should be about one-tenth of all the water that goes into the tank. Inside of a week all the water in the tank will be "alive." Salt water fish can live in it and keep their health. Certain plants, as well as fish, will live only hs ocean water. Many kinds of seaweed grow in salt wa- ters of the world. Water plants of a number of kinds are found in lakes and rivers, and often we call them seaweeds. Yet the ocean is the place where true seaweeds grow. Turn Paper -Mill Waste Into Valuable Products The paper industry is one of the biggest buyers of heavy chemicals. Now it is producing chemicals of its own. When paper -milling states began to pass laws against dump- ing paper -mill waste into streams, the chemist found an excellent way out for the paper companies. Now, much of the waste is turned into valuable new products which pro- vide an additional source of profit. More than 50 per cent of today's vanilla flavoring for ice cream and confectionery comes from paper -mill waste. Plastics have already been made on a small scale from the same material, and large-scale pro- duction is anticipated. Other im- portant by-products are used to waterproof cement, to tan leather and as a source of medicines. Ad- ditional by-products are activated carbon, used for filtering sugar and beer, and liquid rosin or pine oil, used in the manufacture of soap, ink and textiles and in mineral flota- tion. The research laboratories of the paper industry now hope to recover from the processing of wood made into paper, the whole range of valu- able chemical products that are currently obtained from coal, the wood of prehistoric ages. Bath for Blood One of the spectacular demonstra- tions at the American Medical as- sociation meeting in New York was given by Dr. Emmet K. Knott, phys- icist of Seattle, Wash. He has de- veloped an apparatus for giving the human blood an ultra -violet ray bath, A pint of human blood is drawn out, subjected to ultra -violet rays for a few seconds, then pumped back into the patient's body. This irradiated blood appears to hasten the cure of the patient. In all sorts of serious infectious dis- eases, the method has been most effective. Dr. Linus Pauling, of the Califor- nia Institute of Technology, pub- lished a theory tnat is expected to aid scientists in synthetic produc- tion of antibodies. As is well known, these antibodies are the specific chemicals which the body produces to resist and overcome disease germs. Potato Controversy Peeling potatoes, to modern house- wives, is a sin. Potato jackets, they firmly believe, are rich in anti - scurvy vitamin C, while the potato's inside is little more than starch and water. Recently the British Medi- cal Journal laughed at this asser- tion, referred to some new research of a food chemist, Mamie Oiliver. The ascorbic. acid (vitamin C) con- tent of potatoes, she found, is more than skin deep. In fact, said the Journal, the amount of vitamin "in- creases from without inwards. This admirable vegetable—by no means to be neglected for its contribution of iron and aneurin (vitamin Bi)— may have a rough exterior, but clearly conceals beneath it a heart of ascorbic acid." Adding Life to, Sandbags The defense research program has developed a method of treating sandbags so that they will give more satisfactory setvice military or civilian. Preparedness • for floods calls for huge reserve supplies. Countries engaged }}n' warfare' re- quire h ndreds'of triillions of'sand '•bads to.'protect •'civilian life and property „.and • for•• use, .•in combat areas. a Apply Medieval Shock a Treatment for Madness Until recent times, the treatment of madness was,a kind of desperate punishment. In medieval mad- houses patients were sometimes bound in whirling chairs and spun till blood ran out of their ears. Oth- ers were plunged down steep chimneys onto a pileof writhing snakes. Today psychiatrists again apply with scientific refinements some- thing very like medieval shock treatment to victims of schizophre- nia (dementia praecox). Most common form of insanity, schizo- phrenia packs 200,000 patients in U. S. mental hospitals. Whether social, psychological or physical difficulties cause schizophrenia no one knows. A schizophrenic may believe that he is Napoleon, or that his children are trying to kill him. Or he may fall into rigid positions, lasting for hours. For many schi- zophrenics there are no more hu- man emotions—only a slow retreat from life into deathlike stupor. Less than 6 per cent are lucky enough to come back to sanity without treatment. Until 1934, medical science could do very little for schizophrenia. Then Dr. Manfred Sakel of Vienna, now in Manhattan, announced that since 1928 he had been shocking schizophrenics back to sanity with, large injections of insulin. In 1935, Dr. Laszlo von Meduna of Budapest successfully shocked schizophrenics with metrazol, a camphor -like drug. Psychiatrists the world over hailed this revival of the old medieval technique, enthusiastically set to work to confirm the results of their European colleagues. After 10 years of experimenting, physicians take a soberer view of shock treatment. Synthetic for Acid Tanks Used in Other Products Who says you "can't make a silk purse out of a sow's ear"? A few years ago engineers developed a new synthetic, ideal for lining huge tanks of acid used in the produc- tion of stainless steel. Experiment- ing with their new discovery, the engineers found it had infinite ap- plications—for one thing, cloth dipped in it became waterproof. Manufacturers of shower curtains and a dozen other products demand- ed it, but they wanted it for their high -style lines. That meant small lots of many different designs—pro- hibitive because the process for treating cloth is continuous, calling for large runs of the same material. Treat the cloth and print colors and designs afterward? Ink wouldn't stick to the Koroseal coat- ing, Engineers set out to develop an ink that would stick. After months they found it, and made it in every color, shade and tint. Now it is practical to print beau- tiful designs in runs small enough to suit the most exclusive designer. Beautiful shower curtains to match any decorative scheme are the re- sult—as well as raincoats, table- cloths, umbrellas, aprons. Today many of the most popular items of this sort you'll see in the stores are made with this synthetic that start- ed life as the lining of an acid tank in a steel mill. They Learn to Produce Two years ago, Henry Ford orig- inated "Camp Legion," near Dear- born, Mich., where boys, wanting more than a place to eat, sleep and play, could go. The next spring 65 boys pitched a row of army tents there, and went happily to work. By the end of the summer they had grown husky, tanned, self reli- ant and had more than earned their keep. The next year, Mr. Ford financed "Camp Willow Run," with 130 boys. The boys govern themselves in these camps. They live in tents and eat in a mess hall where they are given plenty of good food. They. learn how to plant with tractors and other implements supplied by Ford. What they produce is sold, with each boy receiving a daily wage, in addition to sharing alike the re- maining profits at the end of the season. After the, work -day they have time for recreation such as baseball and swimming. Airplane Parts X-rayed In testing metals, X-ray shows up interior bubbles and cracks other- wise never suspected until some ma- chine smashes up under stress. All airplane parts subject to strain are X-rayed. Navy inspectors, X-ray- ing a turbine for a destroyer, dis- covered that a contractor had filled a crack in a casting with a metal plug and hidden the trick with a plating of metal. All steam tubing for warships is examined by X-ray; bursting steam lines might cripple a ship in action, mean horrible death for men below decks. One of the biggest jobs ever tackled, speaking of sheer physical dimensions, was the examination of 80 miles of welds on Boulder dam penstocks. `See My Branch' When London shop windows are shattered by bomb .fragments: and 'shops are partially destroyed, pro prietors vie with;: each,other in de- vising original' posters to proclaim their contempt for ' Nazi ,ri p.• A , Poster'on'e lar e aura�e� store reads, "If yoti'thinkhis ,s:dd; you should see ray branch in Berlinl"• Thiamin Necessary for Keeping Nerves I1ealthy Good food sources of vitamin A, and their' unit content in theraw state, are: escarole (chicory), 23,000 in one-fourth head; beet greens, 21,e 000 per cup; broccoli, 17,000 per cup of "heads"; turnip greens, 11,- 000 per cup; spinach, 8,400 per cup; carrots, 7,700 in one large scraped carrot; lambsquarters, 19,000 per cup; parsley, 5,000 per sprig; green peas, 5,100 in two table- spoons; sweet potatoes, 4,200 in one peeled; pumpkins, 9,200 in one-half' cup; winter squash, 7,000 per cup; apricots, 8,000 in four halves;, toma- toes, 2,000 in a small one; beef liver, 14,000 in on -fourth pound; eggs, 2,700 in one; Rutter, 3,800 per table- spoon; American cheese, 3,400 per ounce; Roquefort cheese, 4,000 per ounce. As to thiamin or vitamin B-1, Dr. Russell M. Wilder, chairman of the Food and Nutrition con'imittee of the National Research council, has said adequate supplies of this vita- min are necessary for maintaining the "national will," Because of its role in keeping nerves healthy and in correcting nervous disorders, it has been called the "morale vita- min." It's also good for lagging appetites and in ,the experience of many doctors has taken the place of the old spring tonic. The committee recommends from 1.5 milligrams (500 units) for a slen- der woman of sedentary habits to 1.8 mgm. (600 units) for a moder- ately active man of 154 pqunds and 765 units for a very active man of this weight. Generally, the thiamin requirement goes up with the amount of food taken. You can get some thiamin from the garden, but the richest supplies come from the butcher shop and grocery store. No Mirror Improvements In More Than Century When famed German Chemist Baron Justus von Liebig made the first modern mirror 105 years ago, he poured his new silvering solution from a laboratory beaker on a pane of glass, gave humanity the best look at itself it had ever had. He also left a formula which U. S. manufacturers used, little changed, to turn out some $50,000,000 worth of mirrors for thousands of uses from microscopes to cocktail bars in one year. The curious fact about the industry was that it had never been able to melee a substantial improvement on Liebig's method. In most of the 500 U. S. plants, workmen with porcelain pitchers tediously hand -poured the liquid on flat plates of glass, had to wait a half-hour or more for the solution (silver ammonium nitrate and Ro- chelle Epsom salts) to deposit its silver. Off a train at Tangerine, Fla., one day climbed a seamy faced, bald- ing Philadelphia chemist named William Peacock. He was on his first vacation in 10 years and he figured he had it coming to him. For since his last holidays Chemist Peacock had tried thousands of for- mulas to modernize Liebig's proc- ess, and he had finally succeeded. Before he left his one-story Colonial laboratory on Philadelphia's Main Line his process was in use in three big mirror plants and he has visions of some day putting a full-length mirror on every bedroom door. False Teeth at Five False teeth are a sore trial to many a middle-aged person, but to Barbara Jean Bates of Nebraska City they are an infantile cross to bear. For Barbara must wear false teeth though only five years old. Barbara's baby teeth were found to be badly decayed. They were undermining her health. Yet, with- out them, she could not chew. A complete set of false teeth was the prescribed solution. Inasmuch as her mouth is' not permanently formed, she must get a new set of false teeth every year as she grows older—but Barbara has one hope- ful prospect to which her adult coun- terparts may not look forward. When her second teeth grow out, she may discard her plates altogether. S. S. Switzerland S. S. Switzerland was one of the first steamships of Red Star Line, established in 1873. Nederland and Vaterland were first two ships built by line, established by Clement A. Griscom, J. D. Potts and William G. Warden, of Philadelphia. Ships are not listed in 1890 sailings and ap- parently had a brief career. Built in 1873, the Switzerland was simi- lar in size to the Vaterland, 2,800 tons and the Nederland, 3,000 tons. They carried cabin passengers for '$100 gold" and steerage, $35 cur- rency." Ships first plied between Antwerp, Belgium, and Philadel- phia; later, Antwerp and -New York. Happenings Within Body Radio -calcium and radio -iron are enabling scientists to find out what happens within, the body ' in proc- esses in which, calcium or iron are involved. The discovery, of element 85; eka-iodine, by the atom .smash- ers at the University of California, may lead to ,new treatment of thy- roid disease by this Substance., From every point of view, the pro- duction' of radio active substances. Said' of 'Hirer stable aimidc isotopes le sof the %utmost importbiice;'.and has progressed steadily. • Science Produces. Tumor With Mice Experiments Doctors do not know the cause of cancer, but scientists have pro- duced tumors by rubbing mice with certain coal -tar substances and syn- thetic chemicals. The great re- search problem now is to grow to- mors in mice with extracts from human cancer victims. Recently,. Dr. John Frederick Menke of Stan- ford university hospital announced that he had injected mice with fat - ,soluble essences from human breast cancers. For the first time. in cancer history, he claimed, two, of the mice had grown tumors. Meantime, Dr. Paul Eby Steiner of the University of Chicago was. working on a different track, Since human bile salts are close chem- ical relatives of the cancer produc- ing synthetics, he concentrated on. the liver. He announced: "An ex- tract has been prepared from the livers of persons who died of can- cer, which on . . injection into mice produced sarcomas (cancers) at the site of the injection." Dr. Steiner procured over 20; pounds of livers from persons who had died from cancer of the stom- ach, lung, esophagus, pancreas, rectum. All the livers were per- fectly normal. He ground them, ex- tracted the fat, dried the residue to. "a flaky brown material." In June, 1939, he injected a solu- tion of the powder into 56 mice. Re- sults to date: (1) 36 mice have died of various diseases; (2) seven are - still alive and healthy; (3) "13 tu- mors have appeared." To check this experiment, Dr. Steiner made a like preparation from the Iivers of persons who had: died from a variety of diseases oth- er than cancer, injected the extract.. into 63 mice, No tumors appeared. Finest Fossil Pearls Found in Western Kansas: In the fusty workrooms of the• Smithsonian institution recently re- posed some 50 hard little balls, one- half inch to one inch in diameter. To a layman's eye they looked like • dull, dirty gray or yellowish -gray pebbles. Actually, they are pearls— and, as pearls go, huge. Their value as jewels is zero, but they are• precious to science. They are fossil pearls. In the Chalk age of 100,000,000, years ago, when the dinosaurs. reached their lurid climax before extinction, there lived in the sea shallows a big mollusk, Inocera- mus, with a shell width up to four feet. Inoceramus was not much dif- ferent from modern oysters, made pearls the same way—surrounding. a foreign irritant inside its shell with concentric layers of the calcium -carbon -oxygen compound. These Inoceramus pearls were found in western Kansas in 1935 by George Fryer Sternberg of Fort Hays Kansas State college. Since many other fossil pearls had been previously discovered, the college museum did not pay much atten- tion. Recently Sternberg shipped his stony, lack -lustre treasures off to the Smithsonian for an expert appraisal. The Smithsonian's crack paleontologist, Roland Brown, ex- amined them with enthusiasm, dashed off a scientific report, and pronounced them the finest fossil pearls, for size and shape, ever col- lected. Gas Stove in Condition A gas stove may be kept in good condition by washing with soap and water, or soda and water if it is very greasy. When the stove is cold, wipe with kerosene or a mix- ture of two parts kerosene and one part turpentine. Burners of oil and gas stoves may be cleaned by de- taching them from the stove and placing them in a pan large enough to hold them and covering with washing soda and Water. One-half to one pound of soda may be used to a gallon of water. Boil them un- til the grease, soot and charred food is dislodged. Wipe them with pa- per and then use an old brush, rinse with hot water and put the burners back on the stove and dry them by Iighting the flame. Doubling Up in SIeep When people retract themselves in bed, they usually assume a typ- ical doubled -up position. This same position has been found in all the peoples of the world, while sleep- ing. Dr. A. L. Epstein, Russian scientist, after a long series of studies on this subject, concluded that the doubled -up position was a subconscious effort to return to the embryonic position. It is this same position that an embryo first as- sumes in the uterus (womb) of the mother. Various diseases also were found to be represented by various characteristic sleeping positions. Some people experience a desire to assume these positions when they first begin to feel sleepy, but do not take these positions in sleeping. Mexico Claims Villa Mexico has refuted the claim 'that Gen. Francisco (Poncho) Villa, the notorious bandit chief whose life and exploits have been the theme of nu- merous books and. motion pictures, was a Colombian: When the claim was maderecently; in Colombia, Mexico produced prod in Mexico City that the 'bandit was born, in Rip Grande on June • 5, 1878, and was ' cikl•istened Doroteo'Arango` Mit con- sidered Francisco • Viiia' more' pic-. .turesque.