The Clinton News Record, 1928-05-10, Page 6•
General Air Service
To Mining Industry
Canada ' Lritharks on- a 'New
Phase of Commercial
Aviation — Little
Luxury Flying
Commercial aviation has beon'mak-
1ng great strides in Canada,' particu-
larly' in the pact year, end develop-
ments have been: along peculiar lines,
according to 'the Canadian Paoifle
Railway. Commercial• flying in Can-
ada has been almost purely economic
and luxury flying practically none
exietant, eays a bulletin of the rail-
road, which continues:
'Whereas, in other countries initial
services have'been between the larger
centres of population, the trend in
Canada has been to bring :ieolated
sections of thecountry where econ-
omic development is taking place in
closer touch with the business 'find
financial centres through cutting down
traveling time,: In the stimulus affect-
ed lately to such frontier activity,'par-
ttcularly, mining, oommercial aviation
i1as come to have a,new and greater
importance. There is every indica
`tion that in the future the airplane
will become a factor of steadily in-
'creasing. importance in furthering the
`economic development of these out-of-
the-way places.,
"The remarkable =increase in flying
'of this netuie,'particularly in the last
year, is brlefly summed up in the fact
that while such services accounted
for 4',091 hours flying in 1926 and 6,860
'hours in 1928, this increased to 12,070.
hours in 1927. In the two-year period
the number of passengers carried by
these services increased from 4,987 to
16,677,'thte increase in the past yea,
alone being equal to more °than 182
per cent. Freight carried almost
'Qoubled; in thetwo years,' rising from
• 1092,220 pounds to 1,098,346 pounds,
&chile the. increase in mail transports•
Sion' was even greater, from 1,080-
teounds to 14,686 pomade.
"The work carried out by these ser -
*ices, 'unostentatiously, largely un
Sllnown, le in' many ways remarkable
rynd constitutea a unique and outstand-
Ing phase of aviation. Long, arduous
trips into the wilderness, requiring
;days of difficult and hazardous travel,
crave been reduced tot an hour or two
of comfortable transport. Mining pro-
perties. have been expeditiously sup-
, idled with urgently required equip-
ment, the ship of the air carving as-
toniening loads at times. Remote
camps have been furnished with such
hitherto unknown luxuries as regular
fresh food and daily mail.
"There is every indication that in
the »regent year development's of tills
nature will be even greater in a con-
' 'federation of the widespread acttivity
with which the airplane as a develop-
ing factor has come to be regarded.
One company alone, which pioneered
a flying service into the Manitoba
mining fields and . started with one
plane in December, 1926; has fifteen
' planes in operation with the opening
of spring. With an average of three
aircraft in 1927, this company carried
1,200 paying, passengers and •800,000
Pounds ' of freight, and iu the Iasi
three Winter months transported 600
passengers, 30 tons of freight and
8,000 pounds of mail.
"So great and recognized has been
the value of the assistance of the air-
plane in furthering preliminary min -
'Ing development in the fields of Que-
bec, Ontario, Manitoba that a com-
pany was recently organized at Toron-
to to give a general service to the
mining industry instead of operating
regular services into definite fields.
'The proposed operating plan of the
Northern Aerial Mineral Exploratlt0n;
Ltd., whose object is to stimulate min-
'eral development in the Dominion, in-
cludes the establishment of headquar-
ters posts and bases at stratetgic
points as jumping off places. Fuel,
oil and spars parts will be kept at
,these bases, and by the use of radio
In conjunction with airplanes it will
be possible to maintain dally touch
,with developing properties in the re-
motest sections.
"As to the matter of the cost of the
maintenance of such services, only
meagre information is procurable,
Discussing the question recently, J. A.
Wilson,. Controller of Civil Aviation,
stated that the cost of operating a 200 -
horsepower commercial machine for
six days .a week over an 800-nifie
route in both directitoils, and through
easy country, such as the Western
Prairies, worked out at 65 cents a
mile or $1.30 per ton mile. At 800
-ton miles per day for 3o0 days this
gives an annual operating' charge of
about $300,000.
The' status ofcommerctad aviation
in Canada, with mor( than a dozen
companies operating, is encouraging
in the view that its era is just ()Polling
up and that these enterpl'ising . pion.
eers went ahead unaided, without sub-
sfdy'of any sort, intheface of gouda
tions ' more difficult than those en-
countered in most phases of the opera-
tion of aircraft. Indication& are What
they are about to come into their own
wih commercial aviation regarded,
. 'with steadily. increasing favor and its
sphere of activity Y growing every
Y
month..
olvii government aviation, in' the' less
than ten years' since its Inauguration,
an astonishing value lies been re 1
calved " for the Molloy expended,(
7otal::.expendittue pn civil aviation
and, .cavil governmenC':avlation has
b'e n';. approximetetly 03,000f09° an
average of $990,000 per'anuluu, and in
the opinion of authbrities no country
in the world has received. greater
value for Money oxpefrclod or such'.
value received' by the State in return.
Effort' has centred upon he eoneerva-
tion and development of natural re-
sources where It waa,found such work
could be accomplished more efficiently
by air, ,
"A minter of a billion acres of for
est land have been given efficient are
protection for the first time. Inven-
tories have been prepated 'of 50,000
square miles of forest lands by type
mapping from tlto air. A. quarter of a
million miles of Canadian territory
has boon photographed and, mapped
from the air. Fishery protection has
been greatly increased on the Pacific
Coast. Ice conditions in the Hudson
Strait have been under observation
for the first time through the use of
aircraft, and the transportation:, of
thoueenda of potffids of material and
hundreds of, men has been -furnished
to all remote parts of Canada,
Berlin Hears Fliers
Will Return By Ship
Koehl and von Huenefeld Are
Expected to Sail May 1,2,
Abandoning Air
Voyage
Berlin—Reports here are that Cap-
tain Kiehl and Baron von Huenefeld
have given up the project of returning
to Germany by another transocean
flight and that they will sail instead
on the Columbus, leaving New York
May 12 and arriving at Bremen May
21.
Whether they will bring the mono-
plane Bremen with them or leave it
to an American museum has not been
determined. No reason is advanced
whythe two' filers have decided 'tore -
turn by ship rather than by air.
The first organization'. in Germany
to honor the German and Irish heroes
is the American Club of Bernie which
le giving a dinner in honor of the
three :men and Germany's aerial de-
velopment On Tuesday evening. 'Am-
bassador Schuman and representa-
tives of the German Government and
aviation world will pay; tt ibu%s to'the
heroin deeds of the fite11 lefeneter-din-
nor speeches. ?�.n;
The Fatherland doee;;not' want *to
see foreign 'countries `eo tdci it in re-
ceiving its sons, and reek -lee of recep-
tions and banquets are planned ,from
the time the Columbus' arrives, The
Aerie .Club pf Germany is giving a din-
ner to wjiieh Major leitzmaurice is • in-
vited. Official receptions by the cities
and the Government also are planned.
Pilots of 'the School Staalcen flew
ten planes in formation over Berlin
for more than an !tour recently In
honor of the achievement in crossing
the ocean East to west,
The City of Bremen has finally 'wile
ed' congratulations to the Mere, this
act having been delayed by the radi-
cal elements.
German Is gradually warming up
and it is believed by the time the air.
mon arrive the population will have
been worked up to the highest pitch
and will show the enthusiasm which
seemingly has been lacking or least
not expressed at first. The largest
plane operated by the Lufthansa lines
now is called "Koehi," and this huge
machine lead the formation of the
Staaken student pilots in their demon-
stration.
Germany Thanks Canada'
Official Gratitude Conveyed for
Courtesies to Bremen's Crew
Ottawa, Ont. -Germany has *ink-
ed
hank
ed'Canada for assistance Tendered in
behalf of the crew of. the "Bremen"
airplane which brazed the West-to-15ast
transatlantic air trail. The following
message from L, Kcmpff, German
Consul General for the Dominion, was
received by Premier King:,
"I am instructed by my Government
to express the sincerest•thanke of the
Government of the German Roicle for
eel the asedstanoe rendered to' the
flfera o2 the 'Bremen' by Government
departments and to the numerous or-
genizations and individuals who have
so generously and efficiently come to
the aid o't the 'Bremen' crew,"
Rubber and the Speculator
Glasgow herald (Cons.)—For some
years past the whole questibn of rub-
ber restriction has been viewed too
much from the standpoint of the
shareholder' in rubber companies.,
Rubber is not, or should not be, re
girded as a speculative medium for
turning a penny;. it is. an important
of the whole scheme of.British .trade,
industry which is now an integral unit
and as such its re-establishment on a
sound basis b s must take precedence n eo
Y
the interests
of the e SCoe
kBxc
ha
ne
g
eculator.
"Considerin this it sp
r connection n
ge o with
AVIATORS WERE GIVEN WELCOME IN HAWAII
The French' four -continent inane Cteti a
niand Joseph Lo Brlx,
^an'd Arthur Goebel, whiner ot .tho Dale race vcrood the Ia
cIRc, were decorated:
ith rietnres ue I2a'tva'ele,i lets it en their arrival in IHonolul• -
1 q Ir u. on their way
,Japan.
Air Accident in Ireland
A FATAL PLANE CRASH NEAR BELFAST
Wreck of the R.A.F. aeroplane, which fell at Dunnurfy, killing a child.
London 'Change Derby
Sweep £500,000,
Double Last Year's
London --The Stock Exchange
sweep on the Derby totals £500,000
more than double the stake last
year when tine list of subscriptions
was closed.
The general belief is that Lon-
don's pool on the year's greatest
horse race wile surpass in size the
Calcutta sweep, hitherto the'Em-
pire's largest and most famous.
.A quarter of a million persons
are said to have subscribed and
one of them will win the first prize
of more than £100,000, When the
Stock Exchange sweep started in
1020 the total was only £100.
Ancient Industry
In Remote Hamlet
Archoeologist Discovers Vil-
lage Where Portuguese Na-
tives Still Cut Quartz Im-
• plements With Clumsy
Tools •
Lisbon, --Tho case of the alleged
mystification of Glom' leads a daily
newspaper here to recall a prehistoric
industry that exists in the district of
Leiria, in the Portuguese province of
l6stremadura. °
In a remote hamlet, situated far
from towns and peopled centres, most
of the men follow the occupation of
flint cutters, the remote origin of this
profession, which has been handde on
from generation to generation, being
untraceable. There are some very oid
inhabitants of the district who remem-
ber hearing that by royal decree the
inhabitants of this hamlet enjoyed the
privilege of being exempt from obli-
gatory military service, in virtue of
their remarkable aptitude in cutting
flints (silex) and preparing it for the
old-fashioned guns or muskets at that
time used in the army. *In return for
this exemption each youth of the ham-
let had to present to the authorities
at Leiria 1,000 flints duly cut and'
chiseled for placing in the guns. Bach
youth received for his lot of flints the
sum of 1,200 reis (about5 shillings.).
This industry was "rediscovered" 36
years ago by a Portuguese areheeolo-
gist and writer named Vieria Nativi-
dade, author of a work published in
Fennell on the art of fint-cutting in
the nineteenth century. This man of
natural science had carefully arrang-
ed in glass cupboards a collection of
lances, arrows anti many other 'flint
articles of the Stone Age which he
had found during the many excava-
tions that were one of the interests of
his life• One day, as he was examin-
ing aonie .pieces of silex for 'some $int
and steel lighters that were much used
by smokers hie the provinces at that
time, he noted with surprise .the;sim-
ilarity of the stones to those of his
neolithic collection, and inquired
where they came from.
It was thus he discovered the an-
cient industry in the remote hamlet,
where he went himself, andc
came upon
a trulyneolithic scene,
as far
aswor
k-
ing
methods go. Inside huts, seated
on the ground, men worked in silence
cutting and chiseling the quartz with
primitive'; tools. An he watched them
the areliceologist formed a plan. A few
t
days later a he returned rued there and told
the men he wanted them to make some
stone articles for him. Ile showed the
modern artists his prehistoric' models,
and,the stonecutters reproduced theme
with such exactitude that no one could
possibly distinguteh the false from the
real flints. -
d.
Bard Flock
Far lighter than a flock of words,
Released to fly with wings of wit,
The wind has twirled a scarf of birds
And caught, this tree about with it, '
And disengaging It again
Tie flings Gm fabric to She skies,
Falling, it floats into the grain
Where now invisible le lion.
—Kenneth Stade Ailing, in 'Voices.
Paradoxically, it takes a pian who
is a sticker to snake a good run in a
political contest,
FLOWERS
and
VEGETABLES
1 BLES
No. 13
A Convenient Vegetable.
Carrots are a most convenient vege-
table because they will do well In al-
most any soil. From cow fodder of
two generations ago theyhave de-
veloped into an indispensible stand-by,
1n the kitchen. Carrots can be plant-
ed at Intervale of a few weeks, right
up to the middle of July. The seed
should be sown' about half an inch
deep. Thin to an inch apart, and in
a few weeks when the roots have de-
veloped sufficiently to use as baby car-
rots take out every other one. There
are early, medium and late sorts, and
these should be sown according to
the season. They must be grown
quickly fol• best results, and on .this
account a quick fertilizer such as
nitrate of soda should be used. Begin
cuititvataon as 5000 ae they are big
enough to thin, and keep this up right
through the season.
. Handling Peon lea.
Peonies, like other perennials, are
often over. fertilized with the result
that they become soft and very sus-
ceptible to fungus diseases. Water is
exceedingly important' during May
and early June, and, 1f nature does
not proyido a suliieiont supply of mots -
tura ,it is well to provide it, If neces-
sary, by hand. It is also necessary
to water abundantly following the
flop'ering soason, as this is 'when the
top growth is getting a start. When
cutting the' flowers, do not sever be-
low the second or third leaves, as the
plants wlii suffer If too much foliage
Is removed. The more delicate
Peonies look best in the house, if
they are out in the bud, and allowed
to open Indoors. These flowers re-
gUirre full sun and plenty of room,
Zinnias.
The Zinnia comes in assorted sizes
from tiny little buttons to huge
globes of glowing color. It is one of
the most gorgeous and anally grown
annuals o1 size. Not much 10 gained
by sowing Zinnia seed indoors, as it
grows rapidly and bioome quickly. It
will keep on blooming 1f the withered
flowers are kept removed: Some fif-
teen- colors arenow listed as ,well as
variations aid' mottlings. The shades
of yellow and orange are unmatched
In any other annual, and the reds aro
particularly rich and velvety.
Nasturtiums Like Poor Soft.
The easiest way to produce a sheet
of brilliant color with a minimum of
effort in the flower garden is to plaint
Nasturtiums. These can be procured
in the dwarf varieties for edging or
planting back in a bed, and also in
the climbing sorts which wil cover a
low fence, If given support, or will do
well trailing down from the front of
a window box. 116 does not need very
rich soil or much fertilizer after the
first few weeks. The Nasturtium
ranges in color from su11111ur or pure
yellow into rose, orange, scarlet and
maroons thatare- almost black,. It is
flower.
an excohent a to tuckin a m
o st
ng
I ii h 11 hide,
spring bulbe, w is it w1
when these aro past their best. •This
easily growntflower blooms from r-
'
summer ritli frost.
' Tomato. Genera.
The main planting of tomatoes may
be risked—new in any part of Central
Ontario, A warm quick soil with
plenty of available plant food is re-
quired for this crop. Encourage ra-
pid growth from the time of settiiig
out until fruiting commences, but al-
low the plants t0 elow down daring''
the fruiting season. Nitrate' of soda
i sa good fertiliser to use for the fleet
few weeks.. Set tomatoes two feet
apart In reeve three feet apart. • Stak-
ing evil result in earlier fruit, and give
a cleaner crop. se stakes about six
feet long and drive firmly into the
ground a few inches from flee main
stem at thetime of setting the plants'
out. ICeep all lateral branches, arcs
Ing from the evils of the leaves,
pinched off, and do the main stew
loosely with soft twine or raffia to the.
stake. When they sten' reaches the
top of the stake, pinch off the end to
encourage ripening of the fruit,
Ocean Phone Calls In
create;' Service Extended
Two' loots
Logdon An annonnceinen5 that'
transatlantic telephone serves will
be extended inn Innes dally hero'
beginning Monday revealed that
traffic over the oceanic rhoue is 1n-
crossing rapidly, '.
Pos'tofdco officials attributed' the
inereaso partly to the reduction o!•
the toll' from £15 to £ 9 for three
minutes; but principally to the fact
that the business'woeids, of New
Yorlt and London aro 'beginning to
appreciate the advantage of tele-
phoning, The recent activity in
the stook markets 1s said to have
been:' another factor. One day re=
eently there was a smaV queue of
persons, waiting. to get 'a eonneo-
tion,'
The new hours of service for fhb
oceanic phone 'here will lie from
11.80 am, to 2' a.m.
Brit in Makes
r Debt Payment
Budget Surplus ' Also Ane
pounced ` by Churchill
London— Winston Chnrohdll; the
Chancellor of the Bxchequer,, in his
preliminary Budget etatement in the
House of Commous, announced the
placing of the sixth annual payment
of 5366,009,000 to the service of the
national debt, for which kle is making
full provision ,(life year. The speaker
was :greeted wit'h.,nemarkable cheer-
ing.
heering.
The Chancellor calculates that even
If the interest charges, ehouid Sall only
to 4lee :per cent, this provision, if
maintained as •blue Government in-
tends shall be the case, will repay the
entire national debt in 50 Years.
The Chancellor also an{iounced.that
legislation would be introduced this
year aubaddiary to the gold standard
to 0oneoiidate the "Bradbury".,£1 and
los notes with Bank of England
notes; at the same time greater elute,
city' wi11 be ,provided for the Bank of
England and tons Treasury noting in
unison to meet trade requfh'ements,
London—•Winston Churchill, . Intro-
ducing his new budget in ,the House
of Commons, showed what he alluded
to as "a modest, but not unwelcome
surplus," "of '4£4,500,000 for the year
just ended. This was due largely to
an intensive economy campaign Which
had been waged fn all departments.
He predicted a surplus of £0,802,000
for the next year, wale an estimated
decrease In expenditure of roughly
42,600,000.
The estimated revenue for the com-
ing year was fixed at 4812,497,000,
and the expenditures at £808,195,000.
It is estimated that the new impost'
win yield £14,000,000 In 1928 and
517,000,000 in 1989. The production
of Scottish shale oil and other British
Oils, it is expected,"will be stimulated
by the new taxation plan.
Harvesting the Howler Crop
From schoolboys' science papers: '
The earth makes a resolution every
twenty-four hours.
The difference -between air and
water is that air can be .made 'wetter
and water cannot.
We are now tore masters • of Steam
and eccentricity. ,
Thing* that are equal to each other
are equal to anything else.
Gravity le chiefly noticeable In the
autumn, when the apples are failing
from the trees. •
no axis of the -,earth is an Imag-
inary line on w,bech the earth takes
it* .teeny routine.
A, parallel straight line Saone which
if produced to most itself does not
meet.
—Boston Transcript,
•
Exports of Forest Products
Exports of Canadian forest products
Constitute one-quarter of our total ex-
port
xport trade.
Bel l loose
Wille -"Yes, my dear, every time
ho gets anything, wrong with his stom-
ach he wants to fight."
Friend—"Makes him bellicose, I sup-
pose.,
Plea to Renew _ Bremen's Win Dope
Russian Trade Studied' by Experts
ade ritain r ,__._
Special Paraflne Qil' Coating of
Sudden Drop in , Exports
Causes Demand for Better
Commercial Relations
London—There are many signs of
a growing volume of 'dissatisfaction
In British commercial 'holes over the.
present relations between Great Bri-
tain and Russia- Manulacturer•e whose
plants are etot fully employed, and who
are keenly aware of the vaet demand
wnicii remains latent in Ttuesia, be-
lieve teat the Government should find
some middle ground for improving
comme:rcfai relations, even if neces-
eerily continuing the diplalnatic
break(
During the last quarter of 1926 Bra
thee exports to Russia totaled £8,968,-
243;, but iii the last quarter 08 1927
they had dropped to £1,782,729,'a fall
of 65 per cent, New orders placed by
the Ruesdo'ns. in Britain chopped from
more than £6,090,000 in 1026 to d1,-
186,944 last rear. Theee orders were
mainly for textile and otflder machin-
ery and for rubber. There Is a small
amount of machinery business still
being done, but the rubber business
has entirely vanished, le may bo said
in, general terms that the Russians
are not buying anything in Britain
which they can possibly buy anywhere
eine,
In the meantime Britain continues
to import large quantities of Russian
raw materials, mostly foodstuffs, tem.
ber, and petroleum. About tire only
British import from Russia.which has
droliped 1s• Turn
What Seems to interest comms'
ofai circles ,the moat is the fact that
wino the United States has been from
theft tot strongly against any dfpiozn-
alio recognition of the. Russian'
regime until boat country' takes steps
to recognize the rights of investors'
in Russia, nevertheless trade between
Aussie and the United States grows
steadily and fs now twice what it
was in pre-war days. In such cir-
cumstances it seems to' many bus! -
nos men that eome less vigorous
method coated be found for dealing
with the Russians In Britain than the
unceremonious ousting of the Arcos
organization.
Wbdlet export trade in general Is
stagnant with -Russia, it is a fact that
a few companies, which had cordial
relations with the Russia of pre -re-
volutionary times, - are managing to
do business. This Ens, Goldfields Col
pany and the Union Cold Storage,
both Iarge entenpriees, have success-
fully carried on their Russian opera-
tions despite diplomatic coolness.
Heretofore, every demand for bet-
ter relations with Russia ;blas brought
forward the statement that the Bol-
shevist regime cannot last much long-
er and is in straightened circums-
tances, There le a growing disposi-
tion to doubt the aecuraoy of this be-
lief. In any case it seems clear that
business circles are keenly desirous,
of dropping an unremuuerative wait-
ing attitude and trying to come to
some sort of terms with the Russians.
British Girls to Tour Canada
Winnipeg.—Arrangementts are be-'
ing made for 25 girls from schools of
the United Kingdom to make a toar
of Canada during August, September
and October of this year, Tho tour
Is under the auspices of the women's
branch of the Overseas Settlement
Department, and the Independent Or-
der, Daughters of the Empire, are co-
operating in making a success of the
plan, on thea side. The girls will be
between 1 and 19, and will bo chosen
from the public and secondary schools
of Great Britain. This will be the
first party of girls to make such a
tour, although parties of boys ,already
have viaitetd Australia and this year
will go to Rhodesia and South Africa.
Scent of the Wallflower
Fragrance, you come to me
Like some sweet melody
,Waked out of sleeping.
You have restored again.
A lost link in Memory's chain
Into my keeping.
Memories, once fraught with tears,
Now, mellowed by the years,
Bring to the heart of me
Joy, freed from transient pain;
There only now remain'
Love and tranquility.
•—Donald Bain,
Pulpwood From Our Farms
About one-third of the pulpwood
used in Canadian pulpmilis comes
from farmers' and Settlers' holdings.
Lest We Forget
Wings to 'Prevent Accurnul
ating Mass During Blizzards
May Point the Way to Safer
Means of Transatlantic Fly-
ing
New York, -The 'successful use of
paraffin oil to prevent ice from form-
ing on the wings of the transatlantic
airplane Breinen, as described by Maj.
James C. le tzmaurice;in a copyrighted
article just printed in the New York
Times, is regarded in aircraft circles
here as a possible solution of one a
the most hazardous features of flying
in northern regions,
Although the Bremen flew for hours
through conditions which normally re-
sult in the, formation of, sufficient ice
to force an: airplane down, its wing&
remained entirely free from coating,
In his article in The Times, Major
Fitbrnaurice attributes tine fact: to the
coating of paraffin oil which -Vas ap-
plied as the result of extensive ex.
periments conducted in Germany.
1118 comparatively simple expedi-
ent, if it gives the same result in
eubsequemt tests, will overwrite one oi'
the greatest difficulties in long -die
tame flying, in the opinion of experts.
The chief obstacles facing the ,ocean
fliers, it was said, are fog and the
formation of ice, which adds so great-
ly in the weight of the airplane that
flight cannot be maintained -
Details of . the exact oil composition
used on the Bremen have net been re-
ceived here. Varices coatings for the
wings of airplanes in order to prevent
the formation of ice have been tried,
but as far as 3s known here, the meth-
od used on the Bremen is the first to
prove successful.
"If this system worked for the
Bremenit will certainly work for
other fliers," said. IL F. Owen, of the
Pioneer Instrument Co. "It appears
so simple that the wonder is that it
was not successfully used before. If it
had been, it is possible that the airmen
who attempted the east -to -west pass
age wenld have been with us to -day.
Prof. Alexander Klemin, director of
the Daniel Guggenheim .School of
Aeronautics of New York University,
said that if the German -Irish fliers
shad successfully demonstrated the
value of paraffin oil as a coating to
prevent the formation of ice on the
wings of an airplane that he regard-
ed it as one of the most important disc
coveries of the year.
"To my knowledge, no one has ever
expet'imsnted with this particular
agent before," he said. "Any known
covering for wings will not prevent
-the formation of ice, whether they be
of fabric, wood or metal.
"Two things have been suggested.
One is to heat the surface of the where
and thereby melt the ice as it fern s,
This is manifestly impossible, and the
amount required to heat the enormous
surfaces• would be impracticable. Also
it has been proposed to sweep away
the ice, This would be a very diffi-
cult thing to do in actual practice.
"The problem of ice is not a matter
of weight, The reason a plane be-
comes inoperative iabecause ice
changes the form of the wings and
hence a plane coated with ice bocomce
unmanageable to the person operating
the controls.
"Paraffin le not an adhesive ma-
terial and is moisture -proof. If, In
prae fee, it is found that water freez'
hag on a paraffln,surfaee does not axle
here to the paraffin of course it will
bo one of the ntost'important discover
rte of the year."
lympians Will
Us: I-Iolla:rd's
New Air Lines
Central Position of Dutch Air.
drome Will Help Visitors
to Coming Games
The Hague—Visitors' to the Amster.
dam. 1928 Olympic Gamed will And
Holland one of the centers of the eve -
expanding European air transport
system. The 1C, L. M., Royal Dutch
Air Services, will offer bettor aircraft
and increased accommodation on a
greater number of lines than ever be-
fore, The summer service will be
maintained by six new big Kokker F,
VIII machines with two motors and
eight of the F. VIIa one -motor pianes.
In th:e summer there will be foul
daily connections each way with ton.
don, two with Paris, three with Ham-
burg, two with Brussels, two with
Copenhagen.Malmo, two with scute
Germany ,and the Ruhr, one with
Prague•Vienea, one with; Bale -Zurich,
one with Berlin, one with Lyons-
Marseilies, The part of :the K. L. M.
in these services le preponderant.
A new connection through Europe
will be Amsterdam -Madrid. Starting
at 9 tem. from Sehipboi,Ameterdam,
one arrives at 4 p.m. at Geneva, Next
meaning g ono makes the trip
Geneve -
Marseilles, then by hydroplane to
Barcelona, and the last stage of the
trip again. by • airplane, arriving at 8
Pan. on the second day, In tits capital
of Spain. Rotterdam -Constantinople,
another transacontinental jourue3°,
G
wSll Only take 60 hours. The C echo-
slovak Air Service einem; a line
F.ra.glte.Marienbad-Castel-Rotterdam in
May.
The 1927-1928 winter service of the
IC.L,M. has been very successful, Its
regularity bas been maintained ae
high .as 86 per tent,, compared wale
about, 70' per cent, in former Team
The transport 02 passengers and goods
has 'been moat satisfactory. While
last summer 22,000 pounds of straw-
berries were transported by the IC.L,M.
there are, contracts for 59,000 pounds
for the coming season. The weight
of cut flowers transported by air will
far exceed 200,000 pounds, this being
the 192e figure.
FIRST TO FLY ACROSS ATLANTIC ustries Pay -roll
Forest Il r ,d y
Lieut. Arthu1' Brown and Cape John Alcock, Who made the historic flightThe eateries and wages in Canada's
from Newfoundland to Ireland in 1919, Alcock was' ]tilled in a crash near forget industry` total annually about
Paris in, 1921, $100,099,000,
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Wings to 'Prevent Accurnul
ating Mass During Blizzards
May Point the Way to Safer
Means of Transatlantic Fly-
ing
New York, -The 'successful use of
paraffin oil to prevent ice from form-
ing on the wings of the transatlantic
airplane Breinen, as described by Maj.
James C. le tzmaurice;in a copyrighted
article just printed in the New York
Times, is regarded in aircraft circles
here as a possible solution of one a
the most hazardous features of flying
in northern regions,
Although the Bremen flew for hours
through conditions which normally re-
sult in the, formation of, sufficient ice
to force an: airplane down, its wing&
remained entirely free from coating,
In his article in The Times, Major
Fitbrnaurice attributes tine fact: to the
coating of paraffin oil which -Vas ap-
plied as the result of extensive ex.
periments conducted in Germany.
1118 comparatively simple expedi-
ent, if it gives the same result in
eubsequemt tests, will overwrite one oi'
the greatest difficulties in long -die
tame flying, in the opinion of experts.
The chief obstacles facing the ,ocean
fliers, it was said, are fog and the
formation of ice, which adds so great-
ly in the weight of the airplane that
flight cannot be maintained -
Details of . the exact oil composition
used on the Bremen have net been re-
ceived here. Varices coatings for the
wings of airplanes in order to prevent
the formation of ice have been tried,
but as far as 3s known here, the meth-
od used on the Bremen is the first to
prove successful.
"If this system worked for the
Bremenit will certainly work for
other fliers," said. IL F. Owen, of the
Pioneer Instrument Co. "It appears
so simple that the wonder is that it
was not successfully used before. If it
had been, it is possible that the airmen
who attempted the east -to -west pass
age wenld have been with us to -day.
Prof. Alexander Klemin, director of
the Daniel Guggenheim .School of
Aeronautics of New York University,
said that if the German -Irish fliers
shad successfully demonstrated the
value of paraffin oil as a coating to
prevent the formation of ice on the
wings of an airplane that he regard-
ed it as one of the most important disc
coveries of the year.
"To my knowledge, no one has ever
expet'imsnted with this particular
agent before," he said. "Any known
covering for wings will not prevent
-the formation of ice, whether they be
of fabric, wood or metal.
"Two things have been suggested.
One is to heat the surface of the where
and thereby melt the ice as it fern s,
This is manifestly impossible, and the
amount required to heat the enormous
surfaces• would be impracticable. Also
it has been proposed to sweep away
the ice, This would be a very diffi-
cult thing to do in actual practice.
"The problem of ice is not a matter
of weight, The reason a plane be-
comes inoperative iabecause ice
changes the form of the wings and
hence a plane coated with ice bocomce
unmanageable to the person operating
the controls.
"Paraffin le not an adhesive ma-
terial and is moisture -proof. If, In
prae fee, it is found that water freez'
hag on a paraffln,surfaee does not axle
here to the paraffin of course it will
bo one of the ntost'important discover
rte of the year."
lympians Will
Us: I-Iolla:rd's
New Air Lines
Central Position of Dutch Air.
drome Will Help Visitors
to Coming Games
The Hague—Visitors' to the Amster.
dam. 1928 Olympic Gamed will And
Holland one of the centers of the eve -
expanding European air transport
system. The 1C, L. M., Royal Dutch
Air Services, will offer bettor aircraft
and increased accommodation on a
greater number of lines than ever be-
fore, The summer service will be
maintained by six new big Kokker F,
VIII machines with two motors and
eight of the F. VIIa one -motor pianes.
In th:e summer there will be foul
daily connections each way with ton.
don, two with Paris, three with Ham-
burg, two with Brussels, two with
Copenhagen.Malmo, two with scute
Germany ,and the Ruhr, one with
Prague•Vienea, one with; Bale -Zurich,
one with Berlin, one with Lyons-
Marseilies, The part of :the K. L. M.
in these services le preponderant.
A new connection through Europe
will be Amsterdam -Madrid. Starting
at 9 tem. from Sehipboi,Ameterdam,
one arrives at 4 p.m. at Geneva, Next
meaning g ono makes the trip
Geneve -
Marseilles, then by hydroplane to
Barcelona, and the last stage of the
trip again. by • airplane, arriving at 8
Pan. on the second day, In tits capital
of Spain. Rotterdam -Constantinople,
another transacontinental jourue3°,
G
wSll Only take 60 hours. The C echo-
slovak Air Service einem; a line
F.ra.glte.Marienbad-Castel-Rotterdam in
May.
The 1927-1928 winter service of the
IC.L,M. has been very successful, Its
regularity bas been maintained ae
high .as 86 per tent,, compared wale
about, 70' per cent, in former Team
The transport 02 passengers and goods
has 'been moat satisfactory. While
last summer 22,000 pounds of straw-
berries were transported by the IC.L,M.
there are, contracts for 59,000 pounds
for the coming season. The weight
of cut flowers transported by air will
far exceed 200,000 pounds, this being
the 192e figure.
FIRST TO FLY ACROSS ATLANTIC ustries Pay -roll
Forest Il r ,d y
Lieut. Arthu1' Brown and Cape John Alcock, Who made the historic flightThe eateries and wages in Canada's
from Newfoundland to Ireland in 1919, Alcock was' ]tilled in a crash near forget industry` total annually about
Paris in, 1921, $100,099,000,