The Clinton News Record, 1930-03-06, Page 6"'Peace River" Jun
Tells of ,Eskimos
Interesting information on
pur Northern words Ap-
peared in a Recent
Number'of the
"Northern Miner'
A' visit from "Peace River" Jim
Cornwall, famous trader, explorer,
statesman • and apostle of the last
great north is au event, FIe Is a won-
derful person. 'There is no other way
to describe this b, powerful, keen -
minded traveller • who, survived • 30
years of• northern, life and emerged
with a vast fund of knowledge of that
great land and a thorough appereia-
tion of its problems.
Sim Cornwall knows the Indians
and the Eskimos as few men have
come to know them, He knows, too,
the traders, the trappers; the mis-
siouaries and the police, butthe taloa
he tells of tlib aborigines, their char--
aeteristics and peculiarities : provide
startling •evidence of the penetrating
quality of his mind 'and'the' closeness
-of his observation...
This 'author'ity .confirms the pre-
viously -held opinion that the Eskimos.
would perish, ands, quickly, if brought
•alto close contact with, tyhite• civiliza-
tion He says, they lack resistance to
disease; 'the result eta life'of coutin.
nal hardship ft_om ,the cradle':' to the
grave. What to a white man 'would
be a simple cold often means death
to the natt'ye. On the northern coast
When the rare ship touches the Erik!
mos sometimes catch what in their
language they call "ship's disease,"
but, which. is .teething. more, than in-
fiuenza,'ofteii fatal to them:
Thereligion of these aborigines is
largely euperstition. They, have"meds-
eine filen"' in whose rowe`r's they be
Sieve. When the MacAlpine party vias
waiting at Cambridge Bay for the
three. relief airplanes which the wire-
less had advised would arrive -on a.
certain day, one .ot the party Suggest-
ed to McKinnon the• Hudson's Bay.
factor at the post, that the Eskimo
"medicine man" Who, with his tribe,
was there,` be tipped off in advance,
:[b that he could elaim;credit for bring-
ing, the planes. He said that Mete
Would be no standing that individual
as long as he lived. The Eskimos
would believe him, and his fame would
travel all over the Arctic. He would
never do another tap of work as long
as •he lived. r
Cornwall says -that when travelling
with the Eskimos it is .necessary to
eatablish a complete ascendancy over
them. 'They cannot understand any-'
thing else, Food sTipply has to be
carefully watched and in charge of
the white elan, as the natives would
otherwise eat the whole lot, letting
to -morrow look after itself. Likewise
the white man must eat the same food
and the same quantity of food at the
same time and place as the 'Eskimos
of his party, .jr he will get tato trou-
ble.
The natives of the Barren Lauds
and Arctic Coast region do nbt read
or write, nor c,5u they count, . this
authority states. :They have sign writ-
ing of a sort and they hnvo a sign
`language which Cornwall says is about
as easily understood as that of a
.mute. Where the missionaries have
touched them, the natives have ac-
quired a slight veneer of. Christianity,
You can bear the women humming
hymn tunes while carefully 'wearing
. their own private pagan chanes.
Au Igloo cannot be made comfort-
able in the white man's sense. The
big problem te,to keep it heated just
enough to prevent it from collapsing.
That means it muse be just about
freezing. Life is a hard proposition,
and yet the • natives keep cheerfui.
Cornwall sums up their, philosophy in
their own words: "It might be worse."
They laugh and joke and are merry
under the worst circumstances, and
they do not like gloom in anyone else.
The mentality of the Eskimo is not
great; he is slow mentally aiud physi-
cally, but thorough in his work. He
le mechanically minded, find can do
wonders with the small resources of
his bleak and barren land. Wood is
one of his greatest lecke. Food is his
constant pre-occupaton, and he can
eat enormous quantities of it,
Wives, says Cornwall, aro absolute
necessities to the Eskimos. They
must have women to help them, par-
ticularly in the matter of,nuaintaining
a supply of skin clothing and to do
other sewing, whiolt is a„never-ending
teak, The have troche mistime ire-
euliar to their 'race, especially to the,
matter of wives, which niay be plural
and interchangeable, When there is:
trouble, resulting' in murder some.
times, it can be traced to the women,
as in more civilized climes.
Cornwall, who asisted in the Mac-
Alpine search, states positively that
the Eskimos heard •"Punch" Dickins
in his heroic flight down the Copper-
iaiue. ide says if Aldrins had"con-
tined on for another score or so mites
he would have `flown right over him.
it world here made a big difference iu
• the rescue work; saving many weeks
and heave anxiety and expense. Dick-
ies was drying above clond, and the
natives heard`ltim turn in. a wide
, ()tide and fly back to the Mackenzie
Meer.
The Mackenzie River and its water-
shed is the • stamping ground of Jim
Cornwall, who has travelled it •since
the days of the Yukon rush. 1 -le says
the country is passing through a
transition phase and is beset with
problems, the greatest of which is the
salvation ' of the • Indian population,
;which is threatened with extiudtion,
The Indian is a tough man, Cornwall
says, tough in the sense that he is
hard to kill But he is up against dif-
/cult conditions at this ttnte,
Pain Relieve' by Heat. - Good idea,
'When somebody 'gives you e, pain in
the neck just get hot under the• Dollar
and the pain will melt away. •
We: doubt very much whether harnes-
sing the atom, it and when accomp-
lished, will be found to be much hard-
er than pulling leggings of to an ac-
tive citizen of four.
The Trek of 3,000
Reindleer in North
Those eight fleet and sturdy steeds,
Dasher, -Dancer, Prancer, Vixon,..Com-
•et, Culiid, Donner and Blitzen, who.
furnished Santa's ,and
power Ori
his anneal World tour, had cotter
lode to their.' travel laurels; So tbinka
a New York Sun anter,' who tolls : us
low 3,0e0 Alaska reindeer aro_ being
moved• on, foot to northern Canada.
These turdy beasts, providers of
food, Fotothing, and transportation,
who arc almoat the sine' qua 'non of
life in the Far North,,'have been
bought by' the .Canadian Govermtlnent
from. the Lomen -brothers, owners of
huge; herds of reindeer to Alaska;
The movement,' say's The Suit,, "is
uuigde in"the :annale of the North.
The reindeer are being moved for the
purpose of forming the nucleus of
reindeer herds in the Aretic and sub-
Arctic regions of Canada. Heavy in.
roads made on the wild life . of that
part of the Dominion by the introdue-
tion of high-powered firearms and
Modern hunting methods • among the
natives melte the establishment et
domestic ,reindeer herds necessary."
The reindeer finds its own food, dig=
ging through the snow in:winter for
the succulent lichens, orreindeee
moss, we are reminded. by W. D. Play -
fair in the Boston Evening Trensarlpt.
in :tnrther praise of the camel of the
Arctic:
It provides meat, milk, clothing
front its' pelt, even transportation. It
waxes fat, -and n.ultiplies hi a wilder-
nese.of snow and. ice. Its, cousin, the
Wild 'caribou, once numbered in le-
gions yin Arctic•Amerlca, Bila dwindle
ed since the Introduction . of high-
powered rifles, • and taken to safer
haunts in the interior. Without the
reindeer the Eskimos live precarious
ly by fishing and trapping fox, tigh-
tening their. belts :often when the
luck is poor.
It was this situation that led the
United States in 1892 to introduce the
first reindeer .into Alaska. • 'On the
Siberian side of the Bering Straits the
natives were living in milk and honey
They had reindeer herds. On the
Alaska side the natives were in want.
They had none. Between the years provided"by airplane patrol,
1892 and 1902, 1,280 reindeer were im- In their report to the Government
in. 1928 the Porsild brothers saidthat
on the basis of forty acres per head
there is pasture for 250,009 reindeer
in the coastal area from the Alaskan-
Tukon boundary to the west side of
Franklin Bay. Speaking of Um 15,-
000 square miles of available pasture
land which they estimated in thla re-
gion, the report said:
"The coastal tundra i3. of somewhat
different type front the Alaska tundra.
It is not dutttp so rich in aucculent
greases and 'sedges, but titin defici-
ency is 'generously compensated for
by the texture -rt the tura which is
rather hard and firm, and not ao sus-
ceptible to damage by trampling of
herds, The hinterland, near the edge
Of the forest, on which the reindeer
depnd for winter pasture, is excep-
tiona[ly rich in re[adeer nnYit "
ADAMS
N'S
ADVENTURES -.ley 0. Jacobseon
to the Arctic. Then it skirts the
coastline to the. Mackenzie Weer.
Colville asin fa time for the fawning
season. All next summer the deer
will graze in the basin, and at the
freeze-up next fall wilt resume the
journey. The trek from Colville basin
to the Mackenzie, and over fifty miles
of ice to the delta range, will be the
program for next winter,. Reports as
to the progress of the drive will be
ported from Siberia, and from that
nitcieus'there has been developed an
industry now valued at more thaut
$20,000;000.
•By. 1922 the herd had increased to
200,000; by 1929, to 750,000. In tire
meantime 200,000 had been slaughter-
ed for meat. Of the total, more than
two-thirds are owned by natives, in
accordance with the policy of the Gov-
ernment. Co11tstorage facilities have
been developed; reindeer steak may
bo purchased at times on the Boston
market; Alaska reindeer pemmican is
on sale at our sporting -goods shops.
. When the Canadian Government
turned its attention to reindeer, it
found readyat hand two men emin-
ently fitted -to -cope with the problem,
They are A. E. Horsed, botanist and
biologist of the Northwest Territories
and Yukon branch of the Department
of the Interior, and his brother.
Robert 7t. Porsild. They had lived
many years north of the Arctic Circle,
and could speak tine Eskimo dialects,
Together they made the preliminary
studies 'of the field, in Alaska, the
Mackenzie Delta, and in the vicinity
of Great Boar Lake, They have
divided responsibility for the actual
transfer of the herd. A. E. Porsild
made au airplane reconitahssauee or
the route of the trek, in addition to
the journey previously taken, aided in
the selection of the animals at the
fall rouud-up of the Buckland Valley,
Alaska, herd, and is accompanying
the drive to the point where summer
quarters are to be selected.
As the herd is to be the basis of
Canada's reindeer"population of the
future, the largest and most vigorous
animals were selected tehen the Lent-
en deer„_were rounded up at Eleph•
ant Point. Reindeer vary consider-
ably in size because of climatic and
other conditions. Those of the Se-
ward peninsula dress about 150 pounds
oh the ai'erage, Farther north at
Point- Barrow the average weight of
a dressed carcass is 100 pounds; while
a herd 200 miles east of Point Barrow
showed an average of only seventy-
five pounds. ' . Crossing w'th the wild
chribou results in a larger and super-
ior animal, but there is a tendency on
the part of the reindeer to run away
and join herds of their undomesticat-
ed relatives. 't
The Northland is Topsy-Turvey-
Land, it would seem from this account,
For example, the winter is considered
the pest time for travel, 'R'by? We
soon learn:
Then the tundra is frozen hard and
snow-oover'ed, permitting sled travel,
In summer pack -dogs or deer lutist re-
place' the sled, frequent marshes make
going hard, and multitudes of flies
make life a burden.: To man' the
Arctic Is a desert of snow in winter;
but the, reindeer knows better. His
sbarp•yhoots uncover the reindeer
moss. '
The route finally chosen follows the
Noatak River valley to the Arctic wa-
tershed, and 'down the Colville Sliver
More Miles
To the Galion
Here's Howl
Thomas Had
Said This t Us
There was at least one very rater-
suggestion made during the Em-
pire Free Trade Debate in the British
House of Commons. It bane from Mr.
Wise, the Labor M.P., and •Members
of all parties were interested la his
suggestion to Mr. Thomas: Mr, Wise
said:-
"This •country is still, and is like-
ly to be for some time, by far the
best market In the world for the agri-
cultural preduce an e a material
p d d th raw
of the Dominions and the great pro-
ducing agricultural countries.
"A third of their wheat, three -guar•
ters of their meat, most of their but-
ter and a great deal of their other
produce must be sold in this market.
Can we use that in any way In order
to stimulate our export trade with
those countries, as contparedLsWith the
export trade' of our competitors? We
have heard a great deal- from the
Lord Privy Seal and others about de-
veloping our export trete.
"A few months ago the Lord Privy
Seal went, as he said, like -a com-
mercial traveller with a packet, or a
beg, or, as I understand, a sllipfui of
samples to Canada, in order to see
what he could sell. Apparently, Ste
was not very successful. He suffer-
ed the fate of many commercial trav-
ellers, who go into a shop, but find
that they are not very welcome. Sup-
pose that instead of going with a bag
tall of samples, 'ire had gone with a
pocket full of orders.
"Suppose that he had been able to
say to the Canadian wheat pool, the
Canadian Government, 'I want to buy,
wheat. I want to buy—shall we say
—2,000,000 tans of wheat for each of
the next live years. I am prepared
to place a definite order. You wilt
know precisely where you are during
that period. You can have a steady
Price, or we can work out 'the basis
of price to suit your convenience and
ours. In any case, whatever may
happen, you will be under no danger
ot your greet markets being spotled
by German or by American or any
other dumping, or by our custom be-
ing transferred elsewhere.'
"Suppose that he had said: 'I want
to do the same for your cheese; and
we would like to do the same with
regard to other produce.' He might
also have said: 'As a matter 01 fact,
we already buy from you three or
four times as much as you buy front
us, Would it not be a reasonable
business arrangement that some ot
those mast orders that you now place
is the United States should be
switched across the Atlantic to us?'
"Orders for their State. railways,
for their municipalities, for their
State electric power stations, and or-
ders, so far as thefarmers are con-
cerned, for the supply of the con-
sumable goods that are needed In
their co-operative stores throughout
the West—the co-operative movement
is growing in the West --orders for
the variety of goods which Canada
must buy from abroad and whiolt now
alto is buying from the United States
and elsewhere.
"He might have sono to Australia
with the same:aort. of .offer.. Austra-
Lla wants to .sell butter, dried fridge
wool, and 'a' variety of other things.
Millions of dollars could be saved
annually by the automobile -owning
public through a more strict observ-
ance of the tactors that govern fuel
consumption. Thesuggeations ares
1. When standing or waiting for the
light to change, don't race your motor.
2. When you are to make a stop of
more than a minute turn oft, your
motor. -
3, Dent drir ' at excessive speeds
unless the occasion demands. High
speed travelling burns 'tore gas.
4. Remember that the faster you
drive the more gas you consume. 40
when you find that you are about out
of gas and are heading for a gas sta-
tion, take it slowly and your chances
for negotiating the distance will be
greater.
5, V.'iten starting watch the choke.
Don't drive with the choice out a mo-
ment more tjtan necessary.
6. Be sure that your brakes are not
dragging. Tide cuts down your mile-
age. Get your brakes inspected fre-
t
quently,
7. Hare your varves ground when
they need it,
8, See that the Idling adjustment ou
your carburetor is set at the proper
Point so that the mixture is not too
rich. It gives you inefficient idling
performance and wastes gas.
.9. Dont' • fill your gas 'tank full to
the cap, some will escape through the
vent in the cap. -
10. Don't ride the olutblt.
11. Watch gas line for leaks at the
joints, Check it periodically to se
that fittings are tight. • .
12. Be sure that spark is in full ad
veueed positron.
13. Avoid excessive use of brakes i
t fli >
0
a
ra c.
Stating Hie F-.icls
So nta,ny atgtements appear in the ,.
Brttiah pre%% from time to time allog•
ing tlttt hard Mt of the Brittah .omt
grant In Canada, or•Adstrala _that Itis
dietinctly stimuiating to find- ao in- • .
-fluenttala writer, a% %ic. Jaynes'Spence
coming to the defence of title country
sad, the An,tipotlea' la an:article' in
"Emaite Prodectiou,”
Mr, Spett,ge JO'et. eentilderaljle pales,
.
eto dispel certain ,common illusions, in
the first, instance, A short onurse of
farm trs'iing in England, Ile points'
out, Is,tn&tti[lclent' 1 'lnalify n man or.
or youth ine.cperieaccd is Canadian
'conditions to receive thee remunera-
tion fully trained men get, and their
expectations in this,eonnection ;are a
sourceof annoyance to the hard -bead•
ed established Dominion farmer. The
intensive courses of`tralnlne at pre-
sent provided in'England -and Scot
land should be regarded at best as a,
preliminary .designed to allow .;the
Would-be settled If he is suited to
farm with. "They must be followed
by long and willing,labor in Canada
itself. To allow the trainee to think
otherwise is to sow tate seeds of.dis-
illusion with all its .bitter consegn-
eneea," Mr. Spence asserts.
This is sound' advtee.: The pity is
that nobodb seems to have thought
of it beford and given' it public voice.
Mr. Spence is welt within the facts
when he •points out that he reealci
trent failure invariably takes lea
stand upon the allegation that he has
been misled and that his clamor
makes hire a burden to blmself and
the authorities and tends, moreover,
to create an entirety wrong impree-
ston on the part of the Canadian.re-
garding British mtgrants as a whole
and to lead the more gullible sections
of the British public into the belief
that Brieishers ,'are not wanted in
Canada. We have hard proof and to
spare of this sort of thing. 'Possibly
it would be Lose obvious if the people
in the Old Country heard more about
those who succeed. Many thousands
of British settlers are now firmly es-
tablished in this Dominion, and the
record of their experience ought to
be;invahiabre, not only as a stimulus
but as an antidote to the poisonous
Propaganda spread la the OId Cottn-
try by so many returned incompetents.
At the same time 111r .Spence ut-
ters a.thoroughly well justified warm-
ing against Judging all immigrants
who do not succeed by the Incompet-
ent The tette for failure, he says,
lies sometimes with circumatanose
over which the migrant has no core
trot, settlement administration can-
not be perfect, as he pointe out, but
there is pleats' of room for very
marked Improvement along very Im-
portant channels, and the sooner this
Be undertaken by the joint effort et
federal and provincial aitthortties, the
bettor. Tile average, Canadian will eu-
dorso without reserve Mr. Spence's
closing note:
" .. [a the long run it fa the heart
that coants - the something that
makes it, man smile when fate seems
set against film. Canada i3 no place
for the halt -hearted, be he settler or
business mane She requires those
who can work, and work hard; those
who Can recognize and develop to the
utmost of titer power the opportuni-
ttes with which site abounds,"
There you have the matter in a nut-
shell. The hard-working optimist
who can "take occasion by the stand"
and profit by it is the man upon
whom Canada relies for aid in the up-
buitding of her sturdy citizenship iu
the tuturc.—Montreat Star.
Alt the time that her market Ls here,
her best market itt here, and all the
time she is buying from. America,
from Japan, and from other emu/drier),
an lncreasiag, a rapidly increasing,,
quantity of manufactured goods that'
we used to supply and that we would
Ike to supply,
"I-thlak that is a business propose.
ton, the sort of proposition which
he Canadian would listen to: and
it has the'advaatage that there is no
question of taxing the'food of the
people in this country, or of increas-,
ng the price of raw materials. The'
offer we make to them, and it Is a
Perfectly good busineae offer, is that
we.ehould give them a stable market,
a aecure market, and a guaranteed
market, and I think it the offer were
made the Dominloaa would very quick-
ly respond. And even it they slid not
respond, I am quite sure there are
other countries that would.
"In a smelt way this method has
been already tried by Lord D'Aber-
non is South America. As a matter
of fact, I ant informed, and I think
the latormation is rigid, that to the
last few months Australia herself has
been. making this bort of-proposet In
regard to the export of wool, I think,
to japan; and Sayan herself hoe
made a deal on those lines In. respect
of cotluu and cotton goods with some
of our East Atrican Protectorates, It
has never be , tried on a large scale,
but I attbm[t that with the inareas-
tug centratizattoa of the sale of agri-
cultural goods this is a. businesslike
way of dealing with. the problem."
Junit.,r Finance
A youthful depositor of one of New
York's large banks recently appeared
at the teller's window wtttt'a slip to
withdraw 25 cents, which he said was
for car fare home: It was explained
to him that no transactions. wore made,
in amounts of less than one dollar.
However, he had not a cent is his
pocket, and necessity again was the
mother of invention.
Returning to the window la a few
minutes he presented a slip to with-
draw $1,25, which of course was
given him. Thereupon, he Immediate-
ly redeposited $I ot the withdrawal
and proceeded on his "ay.
We can match this yarn front New
York with one from Toronto. A
twelve-year student at Upper Canada
College reeetve: $50 from his father
for Christmas, witch he put in its
bank account near the school. The
stun was to last hint until Easter but
about two weeks atter Christmas he
found that he had only $2,13 left. He
tools this sum and went down to the
corner et Icing and Yonge Steeet, en-
tered the main Toronto office of the
Royal Bank of Canada and asked to
see the manager, He was ushered in-
to the manager's office affil announced
that he'wished to deposit his $2.13 at
that branch. He explatued that he
wanted to get his 'bank account as far
away, as possible from the school. It
was too easy to go over to the bank
on the corner near the sehoot.—Finan-
aiai.Post.
If the Naval Conference wants a
satisfactory example of diaasmament,
let it turn back t0 the abolition of the
hatpin.
{
'., .rglilweiglet ' 'oolette Creno' Sale
and J'graey `
By ANNE"t'TE
This swagger tweet coat ins raight-
line with belted waistline hi fashion-
abie green coloring, does doub a duty,
for it may also be w0011 as a separate
sports coat.
The sports dress of stat silk crepe
in harmonizing green shade may also
be worn •without the coat.
Style No. 231 includes the pattern
for dress -and coat. It is designed in
sizes 10, 18, 20 years, 30, 38, 40 and
42 inches bust.
The dress is a slip-on type with new
Short kimono sleeves finished with
turn -back cutis. The coll'arless neck-
line has an inset band of white pique.
The front of the bodice is decidedly
modern in its pointed outline. Kilted
plaits at either side of skirt below
hipline are insets for this favorite
dress is a one-piece affair. A narrow
belt is worn at normal a aisttine.
The fronts of the coat aro under -
faced and ,rolled with the attached
collar into revers. They employ the
plain sick crepe which is also used to
line the coat and for cuffs of sleeves.
The dress may also be made of
wool crepe which is used for Tinging
and trim.
HOW TO ORDER PATTERNS
Write your name and address plain-
ly, giving number and size of such
patterns as you want, Enclose 20c in
stamps or coin (coin preferred; wrap
it carefully) for each number, and
address your order to Wilson Pattern
Service, 73 West Adelaide St., Toronto.
H3ovf Bells May Ring Again
London,—Bow Belis will be able to
ring again if an appeal issued by Sir
'Louis Newton in his capacity of Alder-
man of the ward of Cordwainer in
which the Church of Se Mary le Bow
is situated succeeds in raising £15,000
for the repair of Sir Christopher
Wren's- famous masterpiece.
Tho church was built on the site
of an older structure destroyed in the
great London fire of 1666. The crypt
with its Roman bricks and Saxon
-masonry still remains. The chief re-
pairs necessary are to the steeple, but
the bells—sllent,now for more than
three years—will all have to be re-
hung'aud two probably recast.
"A girl admirea a man who can p ill
himself together atter he flies to
Mecca in a rage."
•
Then there's the griddle generation
—tile one •: that. teems the younger
generation for the older generation to
worry over,
"Otte truth. dominates all history—
it is easier to make war than peace."
—Gaglieitno Ferrero.
Canada and the Empire
Ottawa Journal (-Cons.): If Canada
"pursues the right bourse now, if she,
following General Smuts' advice, eag-
erly assists in tightening the boucle
of the Commonwealth, site will not
only benefit Britain, but she will enor-
mously advance the seltdnterest of
this Dominion. The clay is coming
whets Canada will perhaps bo the most -
populous, tate richest and the most
powerful state under a common
Crown.' Tlteretbre, everything we can
do for Britain and the world-wide Com-
monwealth hencefortit will be some-
thing done for the Greater Canada of
tho future.
A watch is that round, metal device,
which the speaker of: Ott evening
places before him on`the'table as he
arises, aud'does'ltot consult thereat
ter.
MUST AND JEFF- , By BU
LADY,
',toy Go'et'Aiti PARK
LIOUR CHEWING GUI
t�ursCDE' -
11
FISHER
Yes,
fits rete
GuARb:
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