Loading...
The Clinton News Record, 1932-03-17, Page 6PAGE t THE CLINTON NEWS -RECORD "IiK11.11O101112 1,11 w NEWS ft1011.MINIIIMISIMSOROMI 101110=01.11•91111 TRUER, MARCH 17, 1932 ANO. •HAPPENINGS OF INTEREST TO. FA'RMERS ieJ . Information for the BusyFarmer F cJ, ( Furnished by the Department of Agriculture ) Current Crop Report Fall wheat, though bare of snow practically all winter, is reported to be in good condition in most coun- ties, and alfalfa and clovers are al- so doing well, but sweet clover has heaved considerably on sells in num- erous distrils. Lincoln County re+ ports that fruit trees have wintered satisfactorily, . As a result of the campaign to grow alfalfa, inquiries are reported by Peel County from all sections of old Ontario, and it is stated that owing to. the abundance and low prices of alfalfa seed this year, the farmers are going to seed down more than the normal acreage of this legumes. Perth County re- ports a number of farmers busy cleaning seed grain and predicts a good demand for seed of the 1930 crap which was of very good quality. Renfrew's seed -cleaning plant has been running at full capacity night and day and that county -also expects a large increase in alfalfa acreage. No injurious effect upon crops is seen in Orford as the result of open winter, although orchards were da- maged by the January ice stone. The Seed' Situation As the seeding season approaches the domestic movement of clover and grass seeds naturally increases. In the past month the movement from wholesale houses to dealers com- menced and there has been a lot of seed bought from growers, particul- arly of red clover and alfalfa in On- tario, but also substantial quantities of other seeds. The export market in Great Britain for red clover ane alsike has continued active longer -than was expected and has absorbed large quantities of these seeds. How- ever, there are still substantial sup- plies of red clover in growers' hands in the provinces of Quebec, Ontario and British Columbia. CarIot quant- ities are still awaiting buyers in a number of districts. Large amounts cf alfalfa seed have been bought from growers recently in Ontario, presumably in anticipation of a good demand from the present alf- alfa campaign conducted by the De- partment. Better seed pays big dividends in crop improvement. Production may be increased from 10 to 14 pounds per bushel and from 10 to 14 bushels per acre by sowing only 1aige, plump seed. The farmer will find it a pay- ing proposition to get the old fan- ning mill out of the store -house, fit it up properly with screens and make a genuine cleanup of seed this spring, How to Keep Milk Four little words tell the whole story about how to keep milk in pro- per shape for use in the hone. These aro "Clean, Coal, and Covered" This is one of the fundamental rules of home economics. For best results milk should be served at the end of the meal, and it should always be sipped slowly, Milk is the ideal food for children of all ages because of its high quality and quantity of protein, its abundance of calcium, its readily assimilable phosphene content, its iron and its easily digested fat and sugar. Ontario farmers annually lose hundreds of dollars from parasites in sheep and hogs. Copies of bullet; ins on these can be "obtained from your local Department of Agrieul- tura Commercial fertilizers when ap- plied to various crops in c'onjunctiott with good fanning methods give big returns. Phosphates inerease yields of almost all troops, on almost all types of soil. Potash pays especially on the sandy soils. Nitrogen for most fame crops should, as far• as possible, !be obtained from growing legumes., Selettion of Fertilizers The Department of Chemistry at 'O.A.C. advises that when selecting the fertilizer for any given crop the following pants should be •consider- ed: J.. The present fertility of the soil. 2. Previous cropping. 3. Nature lof the crop growth. 4 Prsvious manuring. 5. Feeding characteristics of crop to be grown. 6. Composition of fertilizers. ' 7. ;Source of ingredients of fertil- izer. 8. Method and rate of �application.� 9, State of tilth of soil. Naturally some of these points are interrelated but all must be consid- ered if fertilizers are to be used in- telligently and •economically. Furth- ermore, it must be clearly understood that fertilizers should be thought of as a supplement ,bo farmyard man- ure, crop residues and good cultiva- tion. Branded Rutabagas "A premium of over 40 per cent, at prevailing prices, is being paid the Ontario farmer for branded ruta- bagas," according to the secretary of the Ontario Marketing Board. In the past, Ontario growers have exported to the United States an - nuttily, as many as 4,000 carloads of rutabagas, . or winter table turnips. Until recently, however, few of these growers, and shippers, have given' any real thought to developing the trade represented by our own larger consuming centres. Having neglect, ed this market, shippers -offered the suggestion that nearby fanners, and market gardeners, were taking care of the limited demand. "Now bad rutabagas are like bad eggs. They destroy markets, and Iimit consumption. So, with the idea of satisfying themselves that the hone markets could be develop' ed provided that rutabagas of a known high quality were put within the reach of the consumer, members of the Ontario Marketing Board de- veloped a plan. Hitherto only the bags bore any trade mark or grade name. In mast cases the consumer, purchasing only one or two rutabag• as, did not have the opportunity to examine the distinguishing maks or the bags and, therefore, had no check on the quality -.purchased." Marketing of branded rutabagas commenced last November when a chain of retail stores agreed to ac- cept a trial shipment, Since that time this particular chain has re - Ported an encouraging increase in the sale of rutabagas and other retail organizations are now handling this graded product. One group of retail stores is now selling branded ruta- bagas at the rate of approximately 250 bushels a week, it reported. In addition to this, experimental shipments have been sent ter the New York City markets, and reports have been very satisfatcory. Within the past few weeks, Ontario branded rutabagas have been tried in a Mon- treal chain of stores. That the qual- ity was found satisfactory, is prover' by the fact that another carload of branded rutabagas left Ontario for Montreal last week. "The farmer who is supplying this special trade is receiving a premium of approidmate- ly 40 per cent. at the shipping point. This does not represent the premium which would be paid the grower, if all of his product was of a quality sufficiently high to make the brand- ed grade. "Farmers are very pleased with the result of the plan, and are enquiring into the possibility of expanding this trade. They express themselves as prepared to be more careful in their cultural practices, in order that a greater proportion of their rutabagas will make the branded grade." Sprays and Spraying 'There are three essential factors which enter into the successful use cf sprays in the control of crop dis- eases. In the first place, one timst know the disease to be controlled. Some plant diseases, for instance crown gall and wilts,. cannot be prevented by spraying practices, and time, money and energy may be wasted if this is not realized. In certain dis- eases one application of spray mat- erial gives satisfactory control, as in peach leaf curl, while in others re- peated applications at intervals in the season are necessary, i.e., apple seab. Different diseases require dif- ferent control ameasures and it is only by knowing them that proper., treatments can be applied. The second factor is it knowledge of the materials and strengths to be used. Serious injury may be caused if improper materials are applied or if care is not taken to make up pro- per strength's. There are numerous spray materials, under various trade names, but before using them, farm- ers should know whether they have been tried out .by. the experimental stations, and if so, are they teem - mended. Experimenting' with new .materials is somethnes. very ' expen- sive for individual growers caution in this regard is`advisable,nd Rising Generations Can The third factor "is that of time- Show" the Way knees and thoroughness of applica tion.: Sprays are effective by pre- venting infection and they can only do this by being applied before pos- sible periods of infection. • The ap- plications must be thorough as the spores or seeds of disease fungi are extremely minute and are capable of becoming established on very small areas of susceptible host parts. Failure tocover all parts of the host plant therefore may result in disease developing in spite of spray prac- tipes. In order to aid the . growers; the Dominion Department of Agricul- ture, through their various plant dis- ease laboratories carry on experi- mental work with plant diseases sand as a result of these 'researches are enabled to recommend spray mater- ials, the proper strengths to use and. times of application. This informa- tion is readily available in pamphlets and bulletins and may be obtained through the Division of Botany, Cen- tral Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario. The Role of Seeds in Carrying Plant Diseases From the standpoint of yield and quality, the health of seed is a mat- ter of great importance entering into the successful production of agri- cultural crops. Becauee of seed - borne parasites the crop may be a failure, notwithstanding the influ- ence cf such factors as nutrition, moisture, temperature and the chem- ical reaction of the soil. It is customary to regard a seed as a specialized body containing the embryo plant which, under favour- able conditions, is capable, of growth and development into a normal plant. However, in appreciating this im- portant provision of Nature we ov- erlook the fact that seeds may car- ry and spread genas which cause plant disease epidemics, properly re- ferred to as epiphytoties. There are a number of known ways in which parasitic organisms or pathogens become associated with seeds. Ergot of wheat and rye for example is composed of a hardened mass of fungus threads which have developed within the seed to form the well-known black sclerotia. In the ease of tomato wilt and certain' smut diseases the spares or other reproductive stages of the fungus adhere to the surface of the seed. Bacteria, also, may -contaminate the surface of seeds or they may be lodged under the eeedcoat. It is difficult to estimate the ec- onemie importance .of seed -borne diseases, yet statistics show that this agency alone accounts for enormous losses. 'By consulting the latest plant disease survey report of the Division of Botany, Ottawa, we find that in the year 1980 the losses due to smut diseases of wheat in Wes tern Canada for the three monthd ending October 31, were as follows: Hard Red Spring, 1.7 per cent; Al- berta Red Winter, 5.5 per cent; Dur- um, 10.6 per cent; All Wheat 2.8 per cent. Compared with 1020 there was a marked increase in. losses from bunt ci• stinking smut in Hard Rett Spring Wheat. Botanically speaking, potato tubers are not seeds but they may be .designated as such when used in propagation so that the diseases transmitted through the agency of seed tubers may be logically class. fiecl as seed -borne. The extent to which diseases within this class af- fect the production of potatoes may be illustrated by figures contained in the 1930 report of the Dominion of Canada Seed Potato Inspection Service. Of the fields rejected in the various provinces because of dis- ease, mosaic was responsible for -53 per cent of the rejections. Blackleg was second with 9.4. per cent and lee roll third with 6.6 per cent. The matter of controlling seed - borne diseases is but part of the more general problem of plant disease prevention. Some noteworthy advan- ces in this direction have been trade by the Division of Botany. Further information may be obtained free .of charge by communicating with the nearest .branch Laboratory of Plant Pathology. PLEASURE Pleasure is very seldom found where it is sought; our brightest blazes of gladness are commonly kindled by unexpected sparks. The flowers which seatser their odors from time to time in the path of life grow up without culture, :from seeds scattered by chance. The advertisements are printed for your convenience. They inform and save your time, energy and mew - 'Old methods may be good enough for the old people; but the sons and daughters of Canada's farmers have their own ideas on how to .breed and raise hogs, feed dairy cattle and grow potatoes. Marked improvement in the"quality of:product produced in various farming communities can be traced directly to the activities •of the boy's and girl's 'bobs engaged in practically every phase of modern agriculture. Probably the most outstanding ex- ample of effective club work is that of ,the boys and girls swine clubs. Their organization took place in 1923 and coincided with the inauguration of Catnada's .new hog grading policy. At that time hogs in Canada graded 10 per cent select. In 1931 the per- centage was 19 per cent. A, survey covering venom districts shows that the quality has been invariably high- er where boys and girls clubs have been operating. in some cases 50 per cent of the year's inarketingsbeing in this class. Some carload lots shipped by the boys and girls clubs' graded 100 per cent select. This type of carcass is essential for Can- ada's export trade and is also admir- ably adapted to her domestic require= ments. Figures show that Task year there were no less -than 1191 clubs of var- ious sorts in Canada with a com- bined membership of 20,952. This represents a marked increase over 1930, when the figures were 921 clubs with a membership of 14,700. In addition to the hog clubs there are others dealing with cattle, sheep, fertilizers and turkeys; the growing of potatoes, soybeans, corn, roots and grains, and the study of farm economists. It is useless to advertise for a Iost opportunity. SUIT HASTINGS MARIONETTES Sue Hastings is one of the best known producers of Marionettes on the continent. lefarionettes are li,ov- elties in Canada, but in Italy, where they originated, young and old still consider them the]r favorite enter- tainment. This • programa will appear an the last afternooc of the Chau- tanqua . in Clinton, Monday, March 280. Their programme consists of many acts on a miniature stage, _ and con- ducted just as a real program of real people. A puppet. announcer is stage manager. Beautiful changes of costume and elaborate velvet hangings add to the appeal. of this programme. It might be •af interest to the public to knew that it requires four people working, at top speed td produce this programme.' They aro featuring the old favor- ite "Peter Rabbit." It is marvelous how realistically they work and it is real amusing watching Peter Rab- bit's mother do their washing. Chil- dren are enthralled with it and grown-ups are refreshed as they'be- come young again while enjoying this programme. OLD CRUSTY TAKES THE AIR Presented by the Havelon Players, The closing night of Chautauqua will be made riotous with fun by the presentation of a comedy which will sweep you off your feet as it has swept audiences everywhere. A play guaranteed to tug your heartstrings and furnish you with an 'hilarious evening of wholesome delight. It is so full of lively situations, real hum- or, and homely philosophy that we are confident it will prove one of the most enjoyable ever offered on our Chautauqua patrons. Lovers of the Drama are sure to enjoy a genuine treat in this amus- ing little comedy with its bursts of applause, roused by admiration for an honest comedy.—Ativt. SUDDEN DEATH OI': FORMER HURONITE AT CARMAN, MANITOBA The sudden death of . Robert Swill, of Carman, occurred early Monday morning at his home, the deceased passing away in his sleep and being found dead when ;summoned to breakfast. Mr. Yuill had not ibeen in good health for some time, but was out and about, and his death came with tragic suddenness. The deceased was born near Clin- ton, Ont., nom .March 3, 1852. He mar- ried Annie Campbell, sister e,1' Mot Campbell, the well known curler, and the couple celebrated their golden wedding in July, 1927..He came west in 1881 and settled on the Portage Plains, where he farmed for ten years and then bought grain for the Lake of the Woods, in Carman, Pilot Mound. and 'IVfacDonald, settling in Carman some 35 years ago. He later was deputy to the dis- aft tinct registrar of the land office for a number of years, retiring a few Years ago, , since when he had been caretaker of the office. He is sere vived by his widow, who is in bad' health; one brother, Joseph, of Por- tage la Prairie, and seven children. Mr. Yuill was a strong supporter of the old Presbyterian Church and a faithful attender of ,St. Andrew's United ,Church, and had been a mem- ber of the Odd Fellows order for ov- er 50 years, and was the holder o£' the veterans' diamond jewel. BEFORE SUMMER Looking forward to the spring One puts up with anything On .this February day Though winds leap down the street Wintry seourgings seem but play, And these later shafts of sleet -Sharper pointed than the first And these later snows—the worst -- Are as a half transparent blind Riddled by rays from sun behind. ' —.Thomas Hardy, Poems,. Read the advertisements. They are addressed to you—personally. CLINTON "OIci Crusty takes the Air" Presented at Chautauqua TOWN HALL, MARC H 22nd, 23rd, 24th and 28th. Two parscns—so the story goes— attending a conference, had beds in the same room. One was a young man; the other was old. They began their devotions simultaneously, but the older man was off his knees and into bed in a twinkling. The young- er roan's prayer was long. When he rose, he felt called on to chide the elder than for the brevity of his prayer. The old man's reply was both blunt and rebuking—"I keep prayed up, young man. I keep pray- ' ed up!" There's a point in this story for those who employ advertising to sell their goods and service. It is, Keep continual contact, by the agency of published advertising, with those from whom you want business. Many sellers lapse into long per- iods of silence. Then, when business is had, they may burst into adver- tising, hoping that there will be im- mediate and earnest attention on the part of those addressed. Buyers are attentive and respon- sive to those who maintain steady contact with them—via published ad- vertising. To them they are friend- ly. When, in the market for what the seller offers, to him they turn easily, expectantly, confidently and responsively. The advertising which costs Least —because of a minitnutn of buyer re- sistance and a maximimn of goodwill and responsiveness ---is that which is published continuously. .Contrariwise • the advertising which Costs most is that which bursts into sight suddenly and internitently—like iihe fires. of. Vesuvius. It costs most because it doesn't get the required response, in the time limit'set. There's another little story about prayer—a story with a point. A small boy told his Sunday School teacher that he never said Itis pray- ers in the horning, but always at night. "Arad why not in the storm- ing?" asked the teacher. "Why", said the small boy, "any fellow who's any good can look after himself in the day time." :Many sellers are very touch like this smell boy; many are worse. Many advertise only when darkness begins to fall over their business. Many don't advertise at all. The right idea is, of ocurse, to keep on distributing among buyers in- formation about one's goods and' wants --'at all times. Thus do the leaders. SILENCE SIGNIFIES SELLER -INDIFFERENCE BUYERS, IN GREATEST NUM•- , BERS, GO WHERE THEY ARE INVITED TO GO. rsitim.44,0*sollimanoseilli.leeeeseet