The Clinton News Record, 1918-4-4, Page 3BRITISH LINE HOLDING; COUNTER-
ATTACKS BEGIN WITH SUCCESS.
Enemy Thrown Back All A19ng Fropt-.-•.)3yxtish Bese>•ves Regain
Terrain, Inrltiding Strategies() Villages;
A despatch from Louden says:—
Wednesday ]right's ]sews from the
battle froitt•'.aenlivens the. hopeful int*
pression formed early in the day that
the British now appear to be en a line
they are able to hold firmly, at least
on the Somnse and the Amore Rivers,
Further south in the Boyo-Noyon
region the situation is less well de-
fined, but it is stated that both, the
French and British. .ire bringing up
reserves there. The correspondents
also are showinggreater confidence
that the enemywill be held on this,
terrain,
The German •oflieial• cornmimiea-
tion of Wednesday night was significs
antly brief and reserved. It reports
the crossing of the Ancre, buteonly re,
Pers to Tuesdays events,, while the
British War Offiee statement shows
that the Germans who had crossed
that stream were "thrown back to-
day in counter-ct+larks,
The news from the Somme front is
distinctly encouraging, the British
having recaptured ' Morlancourt and
Chipilly, and advanced to Proyart.
The infantry fighting along the
major portion of the British front in
the new battle zone showed a marked
slowing down on Wednesday morn-
ilig, indicating that the first phase o£
the German offensive here hag been
finished. From the southern sectors,
however, minae word that the Ger-
mane were still pressing the attack
with great fury against the unwaver*
ing defence.
Tire enemy has paused in the
northern sector, probably to reel`.-
ganize and bring forward much -needs
ed artillery before beginning the
second round against the stiffening
opposition of the British.
Hard local • battles were still in
progress, but the first fury of the Ger-
man onslaught had spent- ftsetf, -Sev-
eral attacks which the ':Germans es-
sayed were smashed; and at Sailly-Le-
Sec, where the Germans gained a foot-
ing, the British on Wednosdey morn
ing delivered a smashing counter -at -
teak, which pushed the invaders back.
The spirit of -optimism is higher
along the front at the present time.
BRAVE PART
PLAYED BY FRENCH
The Anglo-French Line Holds
Through Heroic Deeds
of Poilus.
A despatch from the French Armies
says:—The German effort by a ter-
rific rush to get between French. and
British forces, with the object of de-
feating each separately, has failed up
to the ]resent, and is likely to con-
tinue to fail. The fighting qualities
of the' allied soldiers have served to
stay the impulsive, advance, and to-
day the Anglo-French . line is on
strong positions.
The next few days may change the
situation entirely, as the allies have
had time to, get their "manoeuvring.
reserve" -to take the initiative. Noyon
was evacuated Iate Tuesday night in
good order, and the French took up a
position near by.
The correspondent'passed on Wed-
nesday among troops who have borne
a great share in the fighting 0f the
last jive days. Everywhere cheer-
fulness was to be found and Perfect
confidence in the future. Nowhere
has' thee correspondent seen • such
spondid .morale ';among troops after
long, hard fighting; more especially
when those troops had to fall back.
Both officers ;and men, whether
French or British, tell narratives of
wonderful heroism on the part of the
individuals and units.
The gunners of a battery of French
-,,,- 70's eir.-+the' neighborhood of Mainly,
were surrounded for three days, with-
out 'food, but fought - until the last
round was. fired; .then, taking advan-
tage of : some confusion among the
Gerniand in the course of the third
night, they somehow made their way
through their encircling force and es-
caped, carrying their wounded com-
rades with them. This is merely one
instance among many similar daring
deeds,
•
SEEDING SEASON
EARLY IN WEST
Week of Mild Weather/ Sees
Spring Work` Under Way.'
A despatch from Winnipeg says:
The weather in, the Prairie Provinces
has been Springlike for. the past fort-
night, exceptionally mild for March,
and there is every prospect of a very
early seeding this year. In the Bran-
don district of southern Manitoba
seeding will be general within a week
if the lnilcl weather holds.
It was 67 degrees Fahrenheit at
MoosoJaw, and it is raining at this
and a number of points, At practical-
ly every point on the prairies temper-
atures have been well above 50 de-
grees for a week or so. At the Pacific
coast it has been about 10 degree's
colder.
,q
GERMAN LOSSES 400,000,
60 PER CENT. OF EFFECTIVES.
•
A despatch from British head-
quarters in France says: From the
average of casualties in the various
German units; 'as given by prisoners,
one arrives at the conclusion that the
enemy has lost 50 per emit, of these
men. The official British statement of
Tuesday said it had been established
that more than 70 German divisions
had been engaged iu the battle. The
present strength of a German division
is 12,000 men, so that a loss of 50 per
cent. svould mean, casualties in ex-
cess of 400,000 fithe Germans in
less than a week of fighting.
Weems of Canada—the kitchen is
your fart, Food will ivin or lose
the' war.
0iusr AS S•XPEs'1'GD
-T'om's (10`' NERR!
SAID Tut, tae
1VOUl.D met(' ma
A- TNls C=Rser .
28 BRITISH SHIPS
SUNK BY U-BOATS
Submarine War in Connection
With Big German Drive.
A despatch from London says: Sub-
marines and mines have increased
their weekly toll of British shipping.
The Admiralty's report shows that in
the last week 28 merchantmen were
sunk, 16 of the vessels . being 1,000
tons or over and 12 under that ton-
nage. One fishing 'vessel was lost.
Nineteen merchantmen were unsuc-
cessfully attacked. The arrivals at
ports in the United Kingdom number-
ed 2,471, sailings 2,488.
The Admiralty report for the pre-
vious week showed the loss of 17
British merchantmen by mine or sub-
marine, while for several weeks pre-
ceding that the weekly loss was 18.
GERMANS WOULD DESTROY
BRITISH ARMY, SAYS HAIG.
A despatch from London says:
Field Marshal Haig has issued the fol-
lowing special order of the day, dated
March 23:
"To all ranks of the British army in
France and Flonders: We are again at
a crisis in the war. The enemy has
collected .on this front every available
division and is aiming at the destruc-
tion of the British army. We have
already inflicted on the enemy, in the
course of the last • few days, a very
heavy loss, and the French are send-
ing troops as quickly as possible •to
our support. •
"I feel that every one in the army,
fully realizing how much depends on
the exertions and steadfastness of
each one of us, will do his utmost to
prevent the enemy from attaining his
object."
.. WHAT THE BOYS CAN DO.
20,000 Soldiers of the Soil Should Pro-
' duce 5,000,000 Bushels of Wheat.'_
Previous experience has shown that
there are fdw of the phases of farm
work the older boys cannot 'accom-
plish. Their main worth, perhaps,
lies in the fact that by attending to
the chores; looking after feeding and
milking of cows, weediing and such
other lighter but necessaryfarnt work,
they release the regular farm labor
for the more strenuous farm tasks.
Reports of work done last year show
that the Soldiers of the Soil looked
after the hoeing, harrowing, lighter
seeding, weeding, , raking, browing,
planting, churning and delivery of
cream and milk, general farm chores,
feeding of all live stock, and the let-
ters received from farmers who had
these older boys assisting them told
not only of the good work clone but
also of the desire of Clegg sante farm-
ers to have the boys help another year.
,,ire productive capacity of 25,000
boys on the farm, according to author-
ity, should be equal to at least five
million bushels of wheat, if we take
the labor of one boy as equal to the
cultivation of ten acres of \wheat at
twenty bushels to the acre; which cal-
culation it wopld appear is conserva-
tive,
r, _i_ -
ADMIT SUFFERING
DIRE PRIVATIONS.
A despatch from London says: The
tenacity of the British resistance in
the big encounter, German prisoners
say, exceeded anything the Germans
deemed possible. They complain of
great privations, .on aocotntt of lack
of supplies, and extreme weariness
also is telling heavily. Owing to' the
dense masses of supporting' troops,
however, the enemy is able to replen-
ish his forward litre with fresh nits.
�YNb �•it �•vl•»':�6�.v`'"S<
EiIG .e.t -mai 6 L� S7 EJ/SrS r r .1.Coe: F✓i.vrc..
Buns do not have all the say when it comes to ordinance. Here are
sortie of the latest production of the French munition shops.
YALUE`pF NORTHERN FRANCE.
Why Germany Hangs Desperately to
This Rich. Region.
France will never consentto a peace
that does not at least restore her
northern districts to her for the reason
that her national industries cannot be
rebuilt to their pre-war standard with-
out the wealth that 'these provinces
hold.' At present Germany holds them
at a great sacrifice of life because they
contain the richest products of the
soil and underground stratas.
This territory,' according to Lec-
tures pour Tour (Paris), supplied one-
fourth of France's wheat crops in
1912. In 1913 it.furnished 87 per cent.
of the sugar beets for the distilleries
and 24 per cent. of the beets used for
feeding purposes.
The invaded regions gave France 90
per cent. of its iron ore and '88 per
cent. of its cast-iron. Half of the
iron foundries are located in this cap-
tured land.
Of 55,000 shops devoted to the weav-
ing of wool, 45,000 are held by the
Germans. Ninety-four per cent. of
the spinning mills of combed wool are
lost; over half of the mills spinning
carded wool are found in the occupied
territory. Of 550,000 looms whirring
before the. war only 50,000 are now
turning. -
In cotton the same story is true. Of
7,525,000 looms in France 4,475,000 are
in the Huffs' grasp, and of 140,000 me-
chanics in the work 81,000 were taken.
The loss in dwelling houses, fac-
tories, warehouses and shops has been
enormous. Thirty-eight per cent. of
French factories are in German hands;
23 per cent. of the total number of
dwelling horses in France are destroy-
ed. 'Elie total damage done to north-
ern France is' estimated at 95,2255,871
francs.
Germany Inas, with systematic pre-
cision, destroyed everything' that she
could not use and used everything not
worth destroying. The coal and iron
m
0
From Erin's Green Isle
NEWS BY MAIM. FROM IRE-
LAND'S SHORES.
Happenings in the Emerald Isle of
Interest•to Irish-
men.
•
The late Major W. C,`Hall, 19th
Royal Irish Rifles,. was buried with
military honors in' Clanallon church-
yard.
Thomas Hamilton, J.P., Raphoe, has
been notified that his son, Lieutenant
Hamilton, has been killed in action.
Several farmers were fined various
amounts at the Limerick Petty Ses-
sions for selling straw without a per-
mit.
Pegsboro House, a fine old Tipper-
ary mansion, has been sold by auction
to Nicholas Maher, a Tipperary solici-
tor. - •
Samuel Gedge, of Waterside, Derry,
was fined ten shillings for not having
a price list displayed on his potatoes..
A farm sold recently at Stranoriar,
Ulster, realized the sum of £129 per
acre.
The remains of the late John Doug-
las, a member of the Dublin City
Council, were interred in GIasnevin_
Cemetery.
Several business people of Dublin
were heavily fined for exceeding the
retailers' profits allowed by the Food
Controller.
W. M. C. McDonald, Limerick, has
sent 1100 to be spent in the cultiva-
tion of plots on the lands of Derry-
knoekane,
Another twelve months' leave of
absence has been granted to Dr. J.
Russell Magee, R.A.M.C. by the Derry
239 AIRPLANES BROUGHT DOWN
In BRITISH IN SEVEN DAYS
British Aviators Dropped 30 'Tons of T3o1<nbs and Work Havoc
Among Enemy Troops,
A despatch from London says: The
official rens.]: oil aerial operations on
Wednesday night says:
"Groat concentrations of our air-
s planes were carried out on Wednesday
over points threatened by the enemy,
and masses of seer machines attacked
with maohino-gun fire and bombs the
enemy infantry and cavalry,
"Thirty tons of bombs were dropped
by us and hundreds of thousands of
rounds of ammunition were awed into
the enemy. While this fighting was
maintained throughout the. day, one
infantry airplanes kept watch along
the front and reported changee in the
situatlen as they ocenrred,
"Twenty hostile machines were
brought down in air lighting and two
others were shot down by anti-aircraft
giros. Twelve of ours are missing,
"During the aright our night -flying
squadrons kept up a continuous at-
tack on the enemy's troops in 13a-
paunte, Cambrai and Peronne. Seven-
ty-five thousand rounds were fired by
them, Twenty-four tons of bombs
*ere dropped on important centres of
the battle front. In addition, four
tons of bombs were dropped on the
Valenciennes railway station, throygh
which the enemy's troop tralne were
passing on the way to the front."
Markets of the World
Breeeetufre,
Toronto April 2—Manitoba wheat—
No, 1 Northern, 62,233; No, 2, 00„ 2,200;
No, 8, do., $2.173; No, 4 wheat, 2.100;
In store Port William, including 2c tax.
Manitoba oats—No. 2 CJ t ,, 9670; No.
3 O W., 9140; extra No. 1 feed. 909c;
No...1 feed, 893°, in store inert 'Wiltlam;
United l•tS thcorn—The proiprohibit importations,
the
Ontario ants—No. 2 white, 98 to 94c:
No. 8 white 92 to: 'O3c,' according to
freights outside.
Ontario wheat—No. 2 Winter, per ear
lot, 52.22: basis in store Montreal..
Pens—No. 2, $3.60. to 53.70, according.
to freights outside.
Barley—Malting,' .$1,70 to 51.75, ao.
cording to freights outside.
Buckwheat -51.83 to .$1.85, according
to freights outside,
Rye—No. 2, $2.26, according. to rretght
outside:
Manitoba flour—War quality, 511.10,
new stags, Toronto,
Ontaclo flour—War quality, 510.70,
new hags, Toronto and Montreal
freights, Prompt shipment.
Millfeed—Car lots—Delivered Mont-
real freights, bags included: Bran, per
ton, 535.40; shorts, per ton, $40.40.
Hay—No, 1, per ton, $17 to 518;
mixed, 514to 210, track Toronto.
Straw—Cur lots, per ton, 58.50 to 59,
track Toronto. -�
Country Prodnae--Wholesale
Eggs—Current receipts, cases return-
able, 38 to 40e.
Butter—Creamery, solids, 483 to 49c;
creamery, prits, 49 to 50e; dairy,, 34
to 260.
Live poultry—Buying price, delivered,
Toronto: Chickens, 27c; milk fed, Boa;
hens, 35 lbs. nn., 23c; hens, 33 to 5 lb„
25 to 250; hens, over 6 lbs., 20c;
roosters, 200; ducklings, 260; turkeys,
30c.
Dressed poultry'—Chickens, 30c; mills
fed, 320; hens, 33 lbs, un., 25c; hens, B3
to 5 lbs., 30c; roosters, 20 to 25e; duck-
lings, 27e; tnFkeys, 35c.
Chcase—New, large; 23 t0 223c; twine,
230 to 230c; spring made, large. 16 to
20a; twins, 265 to 2630.
Beans -Canadian, prime., bushel, $7.50
to 50; foreign, hand-picked, bushel,
$0.76 to $7.
Comb honey—Cho1Oe, 10 oz., $8.50 per
dozen; 12 oz., $3 per dozen; seconds and
dark comb, 52.60 to .02.70.
•
Provisions—wholesale
Smoked meats—hams, medium 34 to
Bye; do., heavy, 28 to 300; cooked. 45 to
47c; rolls, 30 to Ola; breakfast bacon,
40 to 42e; backs, plain, 42 to 430; bone-
less, 45 to 46c.
Cured meats—Long clear bacon, 28 to
29r; clear bellies, 27 to 28e.
Lard --Pure lard, tierces, 30 to 303e;.
tubs, 303 t° 202a; pails, Boo to 0101 nom onnd tierces. 263 to 260; tubs, 26
to 263c; .pails, 26. to 200c.
, Montreal Markets
Montreal, April 2—Oats—Canadian
Western, No. 3, 51.073; extrd No, 1 feed.
locals white, 51013; No. '4 $local white
$1.03.--- Flour—New standard Spring
wheat grade, $11,10 to 511.20. • Rolled
Guardians.
oats—Bags, 90 lbs., 55.00. Bran—$35.40.
4 Shorts,
$000 to Middlings, $N8o t2 560.
• • •''` ton, car lots, 517. i—
A RENOWNED SPELLER.
fines have made possible the German Wprtl 2g Gram T
offensives.
— • 83Wo:240. SApril 1 6 $o s oxtra2 No.7
The World's Champion Spelled 16,000
feed. 90 c; No. 1 feed, Sa3c, Barloy—
AMUiii>'G ANNOUNCEMENTS. Words Correctly. I O°' s5y 440;" 51.65; No. $ .40 ' $ niar roouch.
Professor David Jones, the world's N.W.G,. 53.94;. No, 2 (:.W., $3.060; No.
Cited by an English Weekly News- rchampion speller, recently retired on a x C.W., 53.713. •
—
Paper- well-earned pension after school halted states Markets
It was at a Brighton church that an teaching for fifty years in Missouri. I Bftnneapolts, Anrit 2—corn—No. s Yat-
g For thirty-three years the champion 51 '10 0 1t° 'lour unchanged. 2 lirant
unwary curate.announced that "the leaved an annual challenge to all con- $x3.14.
preachers for next Sunday will . be ers to spell against him. Many tried 24,20;
Duluth, April 2—Linseed—$4.21 to
found hanging in the porch," while, to wrest from- hint his title, but none 41.2
2'a ked;e'Ocroboi, 88 rib si;ea. iu1y,
at a certain East End mission ]tall an saceeeded.
absent-minded speaker said, "While His record is. 15,000 words correctly LiveeiSto1—Choice Markets
a ket heavy sora
M. A— is giving out the notices we spelled straight off the reel at' one sit- 122tg°o°'$ii 76; good heavy deers;
will sing a hymn" ting without a single mistake, Pro- 811.15 to 512; yearlinas, $12,50 to $13.60;
A Lancashire congregation were fessor Jones had defeated in spelling 00.. good,°Sile'tolt51L0611do.,lmeflium,
�Scandaldzed not long ago by this an- contests heads of universities, famous 610.00 to $10.70,;' do., comriion, 05.25 to
nouncement: "If anybody has lost an teacher`s, scholars, authors, and pro- s 1 5'00 ugoocl bulls l 55 20 io 50.20; do ,
umbrella, they should go to hell and fessionai proof readers, ancl' his side- medium nuns, 57,05 to 58.501 do, rough
hunt for it," It wus not until they board is loaded with silver cups and ,b,i ice. 51c?6 10 011; do,l: od, $0.25 to
were holding a discussion in the porch other sniffler trophies, won alt over $0,60; do., medium, 58 to 58.50; stook -
the
that they realized what the country at the once popular "spell- cunneiat and' ouutte a 50 to •$s7;{Oinlikors;
the minister really said, was, "If any- ing bees." i good to choice 590 to $125; do., con,
body has lost an umbrella, they should Wit>; him spelling is an art, just as aha rill,...), 565 choice, 5s0; springers• $y to
O to Helen •Hunt for it."liege5117 owes, to bSe, s to
g music or painting or sculpture is an 520.0 $.ate to 512.76; lambs, $18 to
During an announcement of a sale art with others. He pounces on and 52o.6a; carves, goon to choice, 1; to
of woi'lr, a clergyman remarked: "Nlrs. treasures a rare and difficult word as iv igltiedhoil Caro, 521.25;; do., to.b., 520
--
will open the sale on Tuesday; eagerly as art enthusiast does on a 10 $an.2s.
and a number' of children on Weclnes- Montreal, Apri/ 2—choice steers, $l.t
scarce and elusive butterfly. to $13; good steers, 510 to $10.60; need.,
day." While, when asking for a sob- ' 55 to 810; choice heifers` 510 to 512;
•p---- : goon cows, 09 to 511; medium 58.50;
seription to repair the church chimes, .choice butchers' bulls, 58 to $1i; can-
e minister said: "These bells are only R'hat 141a mle frees Have You? ' Pers' cattle, 55.50 to 50.26; milk -feet
rang int case of a visit from the bishop, t ' calves, 57 to 551272;;
14; sheep, 511 to 513:
a flood,a fire or some other calamity," 7]very average maple tree will pro- 051 cern, 521610 522 s°oNs,e519°itot519 60
y 'duce about five pounds of sugar in a.
The congl'egatiolt ata little Sussex
chapel had been backsliding, and the season.
minister after announcing a woefullyIf 200,000 farmers in Ontario, Qua- A recent patent covers.tt piano or
small collection bellowed "There is buhes, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia cigar keyboard that can be moved
a spank of 'race remaining to how were to each tap 100 trees, we would laterally for transposing a musical
p g b s have this year 20,000,000 trees pry- composition written in one key to an -
Vint you are alive at all, and I pray other.
the Lord to orator that spaniel" clueing,
Mr. 'Lloyd George is fond of telling.20,000,000 trees at five pounds per Sir John Bennett .Lawes in 1842
this little story against himself, At treo will. produce 100,000,000 pounds took out the first patent for the mak-
of. sugar, ling of Superphosphate, or acid phos -
This will provide the entire supply pirate es we now call it, and eatab-
of sugar for Canada for about three lished the first fertilizer factory Shear
one time he carried on all: active cam-
paign tthainst is certain bishop, and at
one of the meetings the chairman.
said: "I have to introduce the Member , months, and would be worth ap- London, England. English fanners
for the Carnarvon Boronglts, who will 'Proximately $16,000,000. l adopted the use of fertilizers in con -
reply to the bishop on Welsh I)isostab- 1st1 t it 'worth while' as ani` invest- vection with all other good .farming
lishntent, The bishop is one of the ttteat, aside from the fact {lint every practices to such an extent that in
biggest bigots in creation, but we pound produced is helping the food 1914 the' British, Isles were unithg
have a mai:cbfo' lain toatighll" situation'?
over 3,000,000 tons annually.
HE NOT IN
s13HT ANYWILCRE
1-10.W Do"Oti DO Ails,
DUPE, ARE YOU WAi118g
roiz sonienoeS rp. .�.
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31A17I141 HERE
Silica 61y.
Oht.ocK t=orn
Tor4
WS HAoeNT
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—WHAT TIME
WAs lis To.
M1T Yotl?
NEWS FROM ENGLAND
NEWS • BY MAIL ABOUT JOHN
BULL' AND HIS PEOPLE
Occurrences in the Land That Reigns
fieprenie in the Commer•
sial World.
The Halstead Workhouse, Essex,
will be closed owing to the decline of
pauperism. '
Tiverton.. has a fund to buy War
Bonds for its townsman, Private T. II.
Page, V.C.
Edwin Jeffry, a local milkman, was
fined 150 at Lincoln for selling adul-
terated milk.
Although 104 years of age, Mrs.
"Granny" Lambert, of Gloucester
road, Edmonton, is still hale , and
hearty,
0P,rivate Arthur Hutt, V.C., of Coven-
try, Inas been given £250 in War Bonds
by his employers and £500 by the city.
The Aldershot Town Council have
opened a communal kitchen for wo-
men workers and children, at a cost
of 1250.
A bill has been introduced in the
Manx house of. Keys to provide for
local option in the Isle of Man.
Owing to ill -health, Sir George Bu-
chanan, the British Ambassador to
Russia, is returning to his home. ,
Berkshire school children have col-
lected 50 tons of horse chestnuts for
munitions, 19,000 eggs and invested
25,000 in war savings,
Peter Madder, who claimed to be
the oldest Freemason in. England,
died recently at his home•in Booties.
'The steamer Wandle, while making
her 100th trip from the Tyne, ran
aground off Flamborough Head during
a fog.
The proceeds of Prize Court sales on
ships and cargoes by the Admiralty
since the beginning of the war
amounts to over £11,000,000.
Major D. Watts Morgan, D.S.O., has
been nominated by the miners as can-
didate for the new Parliamentary di-
vision of East Rhondda.
A fire at Layhant's farm, West
Wickham, Kent, destroyed about three
hundred tons of untltreshed wheat,
oats and barley.
Philip Gordzinsky, a Russian baker
at Mile End, was fined 1100 at the
London Sessions for selling bread
less than four hours old.
A wild goose, which was shot on. the
Thurno at Martham, was found to con,
tain five roach, one of which was six
aibd one-half inches long.
— •p
SODA WATER IN DESERT.
British and Hindu Regiments in Asia
Minor Supplied With This Beverage..
"Jerusalem was .captured with soda
water," say the Tommies who took
the city. Behind this faceious re-
mark is a world of truth, for the mo-
rale and heart of the British and
Hindu fighting men in that parching
straggle across the desert was held up
in the main by the plentiful supply of
soda water which enabled the men to
withstand the terrible heat and which
l`
'TAKE COVER!"
WARNS CIVILIANS
TINXQ,UTE 0'F IIUN AIR RAIDS
ON Xi0NDON,
Many Factors Essential in Bomb
Dropping and Chance of Intended
TIite is Small.
German air raids have caused Lon'
Boners to .build concrete bombprool
shelters, When warning of an ail
raid is received Mrs, Londoner calls
the children together, whistles for the
dog, and taking the phonograph andel
her arm, marshals the family into this
bombproof shelter.
Air 'raids have brought about a eon
clition which mankind has not known
since those prehistoric days when anis
mals rushed madly into caves to pro.
tett themselves from terrible flying
monsters. The pterodactyl, for in-
stance, must; have looked to its vic-
tims very much cfs a bombing Boche_
looks to an Englishman of to -day,
Notwithstanding its repulsive appear-
ance, however, the pterodactyl was
a mild creature in comparison to a
modern airplane carrying upward of a
dozen death -dealing bombs.
Among the many horrible imple-
ments of destruction which this wax
has developed the bomb is conspicu-
ous. Whether used on land or in the
water, its capacity for destruction is
enormous in comparison with its size.
The chief handicap in its use by aviat-
ors is the difficulty of making it hit
the target,
` Increased Accuracy Offset.
The increased accuracy which has
been developed by bomb droppers has
been offset by the fact that anti-air-
craft guns constantly force the raid-
ers to ascend to greater heights. The
higher an aviator flies the greater are
the possibilities of error in his calcu-
lations for hitting Ms target.
The principal reason why it is far
more difficult to score a hit with e
bomb thrown from an airplane than
with a gun on the earth is that a bomb
thrown from a moving airplane will
not fall straight down, but will con-
tinue to move for a time in the direc-
tion of the flying machine. This meals
that the bomb thrower must calculate
just the second lie must drop the bomb
before he reaches his target.
Tho moment a bomb is dropped from
a moving airplane it comes under the
influence of both the forward move•
ment of tate airplane and gravitation
The result is that it follows a curved
path from the machine to the earth:
The higher the machine is flying and
the faster it is going the greater is the
distance in front of the target al
which the bomb must be released.
Many Essential Factors.
In dropping, bombs an aviator must
take into account not only gravitatiot
and his own velocity, but also the
winds. The wind conditions between;
the airplane and the earth may vara
greatly. This would greatly influence
the trajectory or curve of the path of
the falling bomb.
In order to determine just when tc
release a bomb an aviator must
know at what height he is flying. Fox
this purpose he consults a barometer.
Next tate aviator must know at what
speed he is travelling. This he can de-
termine by ascertaining the time re-
quired to cover a certain definite dis-
taneo, He can calculate this distance
by consulting his map.
Tho bombs dropped from airplanes
resemble torpedoes in their shape and
construction. Probably this is the
reasonswhy they are frequently mis-
called aerial torpedoes. Many of them
are equipped with a sort of windmill
which is rotated by the rush of the
bomb through the air and which sensi-
tizes the percussion fuse while the
bombisfalling.
The Gotha's airplane's bomb carry-
ing capacity is said to be twelve fifty
pound bombs and two 100 pound
bombs. But formidable as that ma-
chine is the English Handley -Page,
which carries eight 250 pound bombs,
totalling in weight 2,000 pounds,
which is really two and a half times
was „found to be infinitely more useful the capacity of the Gothe.
than plain water in quenching thirst, Most Damage Done in Water.
Every regiinent in Mesopotamia Bombs which explode in the water
carries its soda water making machine
and a daily ration of two bottles per
man is dealt out. It is revel/lied as
indispensable, and in one instance
when a Turkish attack threatened to
take a caunon'and a soda water ma-
chine the Hindus gave the former no
thought and risked life and limb. to
haul the latter to safety.
It was found wise to equip the
troops with this form of liquid re-
freshment owing to the poisoning of
the wells by the Turks, whose natural
savagery hos been amplified by Ger-
man kultur. The machines will never
be dropped from tropical military
units now, say British officers, so firm.
ly have they been established in the
affections of the men.
are capable of ,doing far greater harm
than those which explode on the land,
It has been noted that the bombs drop.
ped by 'the Germans in England fre.
quently dig a hole in the ground five
or six feet in depth, but fail to do any
great amount of damage when they
explode. While their radius of de.
struetiott is so limited, the force of
the explosion will shatter window
partes fon half a mile around. Yet if a
bomb of this sante type should fall in
the middle of a road which ran be-
tween stone walls it would not tear
down the wall on either side of tate
road,
Perhaps if the bombs could be se
made that they would explode above
the surface of the ground the Defect
of the explosion would not be lost on
the walls of the crater as it is now.
• "I noticed you got up and gave that, With all their frightfulness the Ger-
lady your seat in the tramcar the, matte have not been very successful in
other day." "Since childhood I have . making bombs which do a great deal
of harm. Casualties resulting from a
bomb raid are frequently caused by
shrapnel used,against the enemy air-
craft. That if one of the reasons wlty
civilians aro always ordered indoors
and oft the streets during a bomb raid.
The anti-aircraft guns puffing away at
the enemy are very dangerous to any
per'ons who aro in the open during
the boiubardment,
A Good Retort..
General Pershing is fond of telling
this story. It happened when he wets;
on the Mexican border. A ztegimen0
was marching by when it met a ema11,
towheaded ragged 3i'ish boy clinging.
to a moth-eaten, dilapidated donkey;
he 17ad been riding, and which had bee
come restless owing to the noise of,
the band, It was all the boy could,
do to hold the boast. A. joker in the'
f„ttts called' out to the- bey as lie
mining past. "Snag, Itid.tat ar
you holdt'g your little brother so
tight for?',
or 7" "Because,'' came the,'
reply from the Trish kid, "ho sees you?
guys and nit afraid he might enlist!),
respected a woman with a strap in her
hand."
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