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The Brussels Post, 1914-12-24, Page 6rcr resents You Can'tDqi3etter Thai T i Soldiers' Use :;•_reeSt, 0 The one useful Gift for Mom c, Office or School. An,. prepriate for Men, 1Yorn en or the Young Folks, Illustrated Folder se st on request. $2.50 to $50.00. Avo d Substitutes. In Attractive Xmas Gift Boees. From the Best Stores Everywhere. L. B. Waterman Company, Limited, - Montreal. COLLINGWOOD SCHREIBER. Consulting Engineer to Canaille Government at Age of 83. No one so thoroughly epitomize the railway history of Canada a Collingwoed Schreiber, C.M.G., a present General Consulting Eegi neer to the Canadian Government it is not merely that his career in eludes almest the whole period o mile ay building in the Dismission It is that he has played a large par in the construetien of our railways He has had a hand in the surveyin or building of every one of our big systems of iron road. One migh .also say that he epitomizes the transportation history of Canada for he has also empervieed the eon struction of a goodly part of our present oanal system. When Mr. Schreiber came to ( anada as a young man, there were only 205 miles of railway in opera- tion in this country. That was just two years later than the middle of the century. His first year with us he went into his life work, and took part in the building .of the first line of railway between Toronto and Hamilton. In that work young Schreiber "made good," and he has been in the forefront of railway builders ever since. He helped to beiki Pomo of the lines now includ- ed in the Grand Trunk System. He bad charge of the engineering work on the Intercolonial. He superin- tended the construction of the Can- adian Pacific. As chief engineer of the Department of Railways and C'anale. he .supervised the plans for the building of sectiens of the Can- adien Northern system to be. And since 1905 he has devoted his ener- gies to inspecting the construction of the Grand Trunk Pacific. eg. Fleming, Backlit, and Schreiber, o Toronto, The head of the firm wa 0 of eourse the man who Managed th basic surveys for the Canadian Pa eft Railway, and now Sir Sandford GEN.ERA1 S FROM THE RANKS e.• PRIvATE S0L1IER14 WILD s •LED A II MI ES, Brilliant Example's of Men s 10 I Dye Risen it Their Profession. If one thing more than another shuuld imbue the private soldier with the apirit of emulation, says ' London Tit -Bits, it is surely the re- oord of those famous rankers who fought their way upward id the Position of general, and even to that of field marshal, the highest to which any soldier can attain. Colonel Sir John Lane Harring- ton, who was Britith representative at :the court of King Menelik of Ab- byasinia, rose hems the ranks. He joined the Irish Fusiliers, and sub- eeque ii.ant of the Indian staff corps. For nely found himself a lieuten- s !three years, from 1895 to 1898, he °I acted as vice consul at Zaiia, after Occupying the onerous position of British representative in Abses• sinia, where lie rendered invaluable eseiticticley.to his sovereign and his ot.l General Adm. B. Chaffee of the United States army, who held s Preme command in the Philippine was the first private of the Amer can regular army to be elevated to such high rank, The son of a ,farmer, he enlisted in the Sixth United States cavalry in 1861, re- solving never to fail in the per- formance of his duty, which doubt- less accounts for his success. Saved the Day at Omdurman. Perhaps the most brilliant ,exaea- ple of a British -officer who rose ifrern the ranks was General Sir Hector Macdonald, the man who saved the day at Omdurman, and Who succeeded to the command of the Highland Brigade when Gen- eral Wanchope was shot down at the 'battle of Magersfonteirs Like Colonel Baden-Powell, the defend- er of Mafeking, Fighting Mac revel- ed in a tight place. • Few soldiers could boast, as he could, of haying served under the same officer as private and general. In the latter capacity he held 'command under Field Marshal Lord Roberts, from whom he likewise receivecl his first commission, earned in the Afghan war. When the British, with Lord Rob - as -is in command, were marching to Cabool to avenge the murder of Cavagnari, Macdonald was station- ed in a hill fort, There a rumor reached him that a, large force of Afghans intended to waylay the British commander and his seaff, This force :the future general, then a young non-commissioned officer, suocessfully located, and wihis eool- ness, judgment and gallantry at- tacked and dispersed. He thus gained his first step on the ladder of promotion, and never afterward looked back. So rapidly did he ad- vance that at the age of 47 he was a general. But for his untimely end he might have attained to still more exalted rank. Another officer who rose from the ranks was Lieutenant Colonel Ham- ilton, who, commanded the, Four- teenth Hussars. He was for five years A Private. in the Life Guards. g t • Over Four Score in Age. Mr. Schreitier was eighty-three years ef age on the 14th of August. 1V'L'si men who have the good for- trne to outlive the Psalmists's span of life nee glad to rest when they reach Mr. Schreiber's age. But his is One of the unseating natures of the workl. He is a big man physi- calis, and he has a _magnificent eon- stitetien. Vine by year since the regal was begun he has made his anneol inspection over the route. This yens. he was able to do his VA] •A in the eerefort- of an nespec- tier; eae. But only four years ago, when he was itevelity-nine years of he coveted five hundred miles 01111140ooli echemoer. 05 horselettelc and afoot in oonnec- tion with the survey of the line. Mr. Schreiber belongs to that much -maligned rare of men, the preachers sons, His father, the Rev. Thomas S.ohreiber, was reotor of Bradwell in Esse, England, His grandfather was Admiral Bingham, and ("ollingwood WO, S named after file great sea captain. Young Schreiber:wasapprentied to a sur- veyer,,and it was from him that he leeeteeel therodintente of that science of whiell he became in labor years sea outstanding exponent. it was as a suryggerethat Ile gob em- ployment on the'deoretste and Hain - %thin Railway on his Inticling In Canada; and his training•iiIthod hini in good stead in the now land. A Partner of Viewing., Ble ‘stayadawith the, new railway until it was completed in 1856,, and by that time „had become so wet known 'as, an etelent and eapable engineer that he was taken in as a partner in the engineering I Leming. Fleming and Schreiber are two great names in the railway development , of the Dominion. Sandford Fleming achieved the greater fame through the building of the first transcontinental in the world, but Collingwood Schreiber has been more intimately connected with the general system of railway transportation throughout Canada. While in partnership with Sand- ford Fleming, Schreiber superin- tended the oonstruction of the Es- planade at Toronto. During four years Later he had control of the construction of the Northern Rail- way, which is now part of the northern division of the Grand Trunk. In 1863 he was invited by the Government of Nova Scotia to assist in the development of the railway Province, and was thus brought into close touch with what is now the Government system of railways. For four years he was engaged in the construction of the Pictou railway, whioh was taken over by the Dominion Government after Confederation; .and from there went on to lay out the Lake Temiseouata section of the Inter - colonial . He built the Eastern Ex- tension line, now part of the I.C.R., became superintending engineer and commissioners' assistant oyer the entire system; and in '73 WaS placed in charge of the operation of the new railway, C.P.R.'s Chief Engineer. The decade after 1880 Colling- wood Schreiber spent in the service of the Canadian Pacific Railway. He went to the C.P.R. as the successor of his old partner, Fleming, and be- came chief engineer of the road in Fleming's room and stead, He held this position during the critical times of the construction of the great transcontinental, and until it was getting on its feet; and then he returned to the eervice of the Gov- ernment, as the chief engineer and Deputy Minister of the Department of Railways and Canals. This second entry into the Gov- ernment service on'the past of Mr. Schreiber marked 'the formation of a relationship that has never been: broken. For thirteen years he ad- ministered the railway and canal polity of the country as permanent head of the service; and now for over nine years he has held the posi- tion of General Consulting Engi- neer to blue Government with the rank of a deputy Minister, his chief work being- the inspection of the construction of the Grand Trunk Pacific as the representative of the people of Canada. For over sixty years Mr. `Schreiber has been ac- tively assooiatad with the railway development of the Dominion. The railway history of Canada will be incomplete unless it includes the "Memoirs o Collingwood Schrei- ber."—Frarcis A. Carman, in Star ‘Veekly. BillTAIN'S ARMOR OF HONOR. It Is One German Big Guns Are Powerless to Pierce. In a book of travels published a good many years ago 11 was stated that in certain parts of China when a native wishes to make a particu- larly solemn affirmation he lifts his hand ancl says, "On the honor of an Englishman," very much as men in this country kiss the Book and say, "So help me, God." It is a proud reputation to possess, and one which has a military and a commer- cial, as well as a spiritttal value. !'Honor of an Englishman " tour - mars to himself the Hindu, the Boer, the Canadian, the Austra- Han, offering his life and his pos- sessions to England. "Honor of an Englishman," says 'the Belgian, ,the Frenolimnal looking across the Channel for help that England pledged to give'whatever the cost may be. In buying and selling a bale of cotton and in deciding Im- perial ieueS this is an asset to be taken into amount. It is an armor that 16 inch hgwitzers are power - lest to penetrate; a defence lack- ing whith a nation is foredoomed to perish—Liverpool Mercury, Mined, "Pa,„ what logo club V' "A olub, my son, is replace where, persons who have nothing to do con- gregate to do it," 11- s, ,Subsequently he received a commis- sion in the regiment he was destin- en to command, and, like Maulers, ald, took part in a campaign in South Africa, ,acting as aide-de- camp to Sir George Colley, who was his brother-in-law, Sir William Robertson, mention- ed by General French in his dis- patches, who rose from the ranks, has been a, director of military training at the war office ,since last ,year, and for three years he was also, in command of the staff ool- lege, where all our erackeare train- ed, his sterling abilities being wide- ly reeognized. Marshal junet was a notable fig- ure in the Napoleonic wars. If Te - cords can be relied on, bis fellow soldiers •elected him sergeant, on the battlefield, after carrying him alas% on an improvised seat of crossed 'bayonets, for a conspicuous act of bravery'. A Ethic later he was ordered by Napoleon to divest himself of hie uniforns and go among the enemy as a spy, Though threatened with death for disobedience, Junot re- fused to go at all undeas as a sol- dier in his uniform. Napoleon was highly pleased at the firmness (bus displayed, and did eot'Terget it. A •thort time after- ward he +sent for Junot to write a dispatch for him,Sanel while this was being done .althelLexploded a ew yards away. 'This had not the least; effect An he Writer, Who eoolly continued sis work, remarking: "At; leastle% hall not want sand to dry the ink." Napoleon, became quite captivat- e" by the coelness and courage how's by Juire0t, and is the first op- orteniby keiminabed hint as his kid-de-el/gees. Higherrli(glers be Ar ee in store for himoand he finally came a triarlIal of the Grand m,y of Franoe. b is probable that Napoleod ous military leaders. G:7nertel Peen dotte, 11' 110 started the soldiering eareer as a ,private in one of the regiments raised 'by the Britieh East India Company, was anothee of his cliseoveriS, MOs' - Ver, he subsequently made Berns dstie King of Sweden. over wirieh one of his descendants 1111 reigne. Then there was Geeeral Murat, Tirieg of life as a Y1101) boy IA the cstabli0hment of a Paris haberdash er, he joined the army D'4 D private, to become one ter ite fi:dd marshals and ultimately Ring of Naples. Another Napoleonic general who rose ,from the ranks was Marshal Nay, for whom the 1/evastater bad 55 AVD1111 affection. He was the only son of a poor cooper, and Inc mas- terly retreat from Borodino has been described by eimmetent critics a,s one of the finest military achieve- ments in history. General Lannes was yet another Bonaparte general who started on the loweSt rung of the ladder. So was General Messena, who was made a field marshal and a duke ; and SO was General Augereau, who rose frons private bo field marshal, -.e DREADNO G IT S AT SEA. Wireless Used With Success by Submit ri nes. The sailors who bear the sign of two crossed flags on their coat sleeve are the men who enable out Dreadnoughts continually to "talk" to one another, although they may he several miles apart, says an English paper. The signal- men of the fleet carry OD their work by means of flags, wooden sema- phores, and flashlights. The usual mode of signalling iet short range is to run a series of flags from the masthead or yard -arms. These flags each mean a letter or word, and in time of war the code is con- tinuously being changed. The se- Nene of Misery. cret of the code book is one of the In Belgium I saw this: ' most carefully -guarded in the Homeless men, women and chil-- navy. This preciuus volume has its dren by thousands and hundreds of cover weighted with lead, so that in the event of it falling overboard it will sink iminediately, and not float perhaps to be picked up by the enemy. Should such a mishap as the loss of the code book occur, a diver is immediately sent down in search:of it. If he cannot recover the volume, then the whole code is altered. For long distance signalling the navy use the semaphore system. The apparatus used ,for this DIA rpose is similar in appearance .te a road sign -post. Two movable arms Pso• jeet from a slid post stationed in a prominent position on the ship's signalling bridge. Each position of the arms means a, letter to the men on the other ship observing the signals through strong glatses. Twe.nte, letters can ba transmitted in a minute. At night brilliant flash lamips blink met code words when one ship wishes to communi- cate with another. Of recent years hand -signalling has to some extent been replaced by wireless telegraphy. All mess- ages are sent in code, in case hos- tile vessels eheuld -collect them on their own wireless instruments. The wireless room on a battleship is strictly private, In no eircum- stances are any other persons than operators and a few 'privileged of- ficers allowed to enter the ,transmits ting and receiving room, Wireless for signalling purposes has been tried with success in con- nection with communicating with submarines. Some. time ago the submarine D1 was successful in re- ceiving messages from the cruiser Bonaventure, although the smaller craft was running ,beneath the waves at the time. For purposes of manoeuvring the navy depends almost entirely, on its signalled messages, and a, misinter- preted sign !might cause grave dis- aster. An instance of this was pro- vided some time back, when H.M.I3. Vieteria rammed the ,Camperdewn in the Mediterranean manoeuvres. An order by the flag,signal was mis- taken, and the Victoria swerved in the direction opposite to that intim- ated be the signallers, and her ter ship was sunk, That one mis- take cost a million and a half of money and 700 lives. ce, 151 4. ii isfi4iMi'it1 ALLOW ME TO PRESENT • /0. ,1111 BUYING reasT CAKES PE CAREFUL 70 SPC/FY ROYA7 YEAS r CAKES DECLINE SUBST1711TES, MY BEST' FRIEND 51 v. • . YEAST C elk PI.W.GILLTT CO. LTD. TO4ZONTO, WINNIPEG. MONTREAL 11 V.44 geZ, A55. $ to At8(5711E WHITEST LIGI 11 tiSIROT.Sio UNDER IRON HEEL OF WAR A CORRESPONDENT SEES CON- DITIONS IN EITOPE. Non -•Combatants' Plight in Bel - glum, Femme, Geemany, and England. Writing to the American lied Cross, Irvin S. Cobh tells the story uf conditions in Belgium, Germany, France, Hollitud and England, to be used in bringing home to Ameri- cans the'urgent need for relief :— Recently I have been in lour of the countries concerned in the pre- sent war—Belgium, France, Ger- many and England. I was also in Holland, having traversed it from end to end within a week after the fall of Antwerp, when every road coming up out of the south was fill- ed with Belgian refugees. Winter Russin's .Ally. Prussian invaders of Russia may well he .warned of the.. dangers of approaching tvinter, for cold has snore than once proved an invalu- able ally to the Muecovitee. Every one hes read of Na,poleon'e awful retreat front Moscow in 184. Less kndwn, but net less terrible, was the experience of the 'Swedes under Charles XII, in 1708, That winter, when Oharles was invading RuSsia, brought the severest frost that Eu- rope had known for a bentury. It began in October and by November 1 firewood would not ignite in the .,open air and the soldiers ha to waren themselves over huge bon. fires of straw. Wine rend spirits froze, birds on the wing dropped dead, salivia congealed on the lips. The sufferings of the Swedes were asyfel, "Yoe axing edet" Wrote an eyeemitsiess, "scatie Wit/iota hands, some without feet, some without ears and noses, many creeping along,after ,the manner -of gitadru- pedit, —London Chronicle, thousands. Many of them had been prosperous, a few had been wealthy, practically all had been comfortable. Noss', with scarcely an exception they stood all upon one common plane of misery. They had lust their homes, their farms, their workshops, their livings, and their means of making livings. In France I saw a pastoral land overrun by soldiers and racked by war Until it seemed the very earbh would cry out for merey. 1 saw a country literally stripped of its men in order that the regiments might be filled. I saw women hour- ly striving to do the ordained work of their fathers, husbands, brothers and sons, hourly piecing together the jarred and broken fragments of their lives. 1 saw countless vil- lages turned into smoking, filthy, ill -smelling heaps of ruins. I saw schools that were converted into hospitals and factories changed in- to barracks. Widows' Weeds. In Germany 1 saw innumerable mess, maimed and mutilated in every conceivable lasigion. I saw these streams of wounded pouring hack from the front endlessly. In two days I saw trains bearing 14,- 000 wounded men passing through one town. I saw people of all classes undergoing privations and enduring hardships .in order that the forces at the front might have food and supplies. I saw thous- ands of women wearing widowS! weeds, and thousands of children who had been orphaned, I saw great hosts of prisoners of war on their way to prison camps, where in the very nature of things they must forego all hope of having for months, and perhaps years, those small 'creature comforts which make life endurable tel a civilized human 'being. I saw them, crusted with dirt, worn with incredible ex- ertions, alive with crawling ver min, their uniforms already in tat- ters, and their broken shoes falling off their feet. In Rolland I saw the people .of an already crowded country wrestling valor- ously with the problem of striving to feed and house and care for the enormous numbers of penniless re- higees who had come out of Bel- gium. I 5511" worn-out groups of peasants huddled on railroad plat- forms and along the railroad tracks, too weary to stir another step, In England I saw still more of these refugees, 'bewildered, •broken by misfortune, owning only what they wore upon their backs, s.peak- ing an alien tongue, strangers in a strange land. I saw, as I had seen in Holland. neople of all classes giving of their time, their means, and their services to pro- vide some temporary relief for these poor wanderers who were without a country. I saw the new recruits mat -thing off, and 1 knew that for the children many of them were leaving behind there would be no Santa Claus unless the American people out of the fullness ef their own abundance filled the Christmas stockings and 'Stocked the Christ- mas larders. (TAMPION TRA DRINKERS, The British Arc Far in the Lead as Statistics Show. Statistics •how that the English rank easily first among the tea drinking natiens. From thesewe learn that if an Englishman, an American, a Russian. a German, an Austrian, a Frenchman and an Italian were to sit down together and order drinks, in a quantity that would show the relative consusmp- tion of these beverages by their re spective nations, some would get enough for a bath, while others would obtain only a few mouthfuls. If the races sat down to tea the , Eugiishman would find himself con- fronted with 1,800 cups., the Ameri- can with 400, the Russian with 275, the German with 36, the Austrian with 20, the Frenchman with 18 and the Italian with only I. It would upset the Chancellor of the Exchequer's ealculatipn if any large proportion of the Britith pub- lic were to follow the example of Mme. Antoinette Sterling, who foreswore tea for what must surely be the most curious reason on re- 1 cord. The femme ballad singer, ac- cording to the Dictionary of Na- tional Biography. "in chileihned t imbibed anti-British prejudices. Her patriotic sympathies were so s stirred by the story of the destruc- tion of the tea and cargoes in Dos- t!on Hasbor that she resolved never to drink tea, and she kept this re- solution all her life." eldlYfoore's Almanac, November, 1014, hileteeasen to plume itself up- I on a hit--kdecided hit, A para- graph in that wonderful compend- ium of prophecies runs; "A gloom will be thrown over the whole of the b British isles Si' the announcement b of an old and well belayed gallant t soldier, one who for ,ino•st of his strenuous life hasserved his leing and country with devotion and no- ble self-eacrifice. ' The children of the King of the Belgians Write to their father regu- larly from London and he finds time to answer them, They are pre- gressing well •with their English studies and hope shortly to send him a letter in English. INOTES OF SCIENCE I Glycerin ivill help to dissolve fruit stales leom linen. Nearly all of the work in one elf Germany's greatest; breweries is done by electricity. • The Norwegian government mak- tains an agri•culturiel college anti three experiment stations. Undernormal cn onditios Minute beings perspire about twice WA mull when aeleep as when. awake. In China an oil well has been drilled to a depth of 3,600 feet; with the moat primitive native tools, The asphalt deposits 01 Cuba, ivhen developed, are expected to prove superior to all other through- out the world, Fr eoln 1,325,000 tons of las ,annual- ls produced in Great Britain from coal about 10,000,000 gallons of ben- zol ere obtain•eel. Work is under way OD a tunnel more than three miles long through the Pyrenees to enable a French railimad to enter Spain. The top of a recently patented table for use on shipboard is kept level by .an ingenious combinatiou of weights and levers. English chemises have made a ey the ti a turpentine at what is emit to be one-third the cost of the gen- uine American article. /3y crossing certain fibre plants 10 the Philippines an ceteelione grade of artificial silk elf much strength has been prod Lived, With English engineers doing the work the Russian city of Baku will obtain a new water supply rum mountains 120 .miles distant. An American exnert has been en- gaged by the Australian state ef Victoria to reopen a long closed fac- tory and revive the beet sugar in- dustry, An Australian has patented trou- sers for men with four more than the usual number of pockets but with the ordinary number of exter- ior openings. •, In Mexico tleere is a lao-foot bridge over Lb river that is commis - ed entirely of mahog,any. worth at the present price of wood, almost $2,000,000. The Chinese government has un- dertaken a comprehensive pla71 81'improving its telegraph and tele- phone systems which will cover more than nine years of work. Italian tests of plowing with elec- tric motors demons t ra fed that it cost about half as much as ,f horses had been IBM and about two-thirds tts much as steam plow- ing. A fuel economy of more than 18 per rent. has been attained by a device for heating the wsi er it is in tl'OdU'CIA int° is lootanotiye boiler by exhanst•steam. For removing and silting aehes ab the same time the TPme ' beau in- .ented a scoop with a double sereen n the bottom, one portion of whish s agitated by an attachment 00 the iandle, - To enable a (lisps teller n e ith o control train movements, clef - rice' apparatus has been invent.,,c1 y whirls he ean signal 0, train at ny point to take . a siding and which notifies him when Isis order rias been obeyed. .TEN C II D 14 e GILA YE. ;".nglisliman Replies to German Fire • And little Six. An Euglishman ;yin; recently go- nened bo Britain from France, ells how, making his way by the auk of the Aisne in an attempt to the oigarettes to the troops, • he ame across a solitary grave near hoiss-au-Bac, Twice hepissed 11, nd his attention was arrexted by he fact that kindly hands earls day brewed fresh flowers over it. On se pontoon bridge near by a reneh ,delachment was keeping mad, and the soldiers explained eat the lonely grave was the last eating place of an Eeglish soldier ho quite 'alone, had there fought is la,st fight till overwhelmed by umbers. During the greht, retreat he had rayed Froin his .comrades and fall. n exhausted from fatigue. Unable find them took up his (punters an abandoned carriage, but iirty-six hours later the Germans pp•e-are.d on the other side of the isne and fired iet him. Undeterred y the fact theet he was utterly -alone e tepliedseand ,such was his 'de- rminatien and aceureey of aim eat,- the villages % declared, he -ae$ tinted for six German aticers, 10 -of -th.eni us general, before he • 11 under a volley, ''.1'he French tried him wiltere he had foughl, ,ected a cross, ad in honor of his allantry laid fresh flowers each ay on his grave, Standing beside it uncotered thee Id how the soldier eliecl. a soldier's eith: and then showed the inquir- the ruined carriage, in which ,0 olrot mark? 10...1.1incny to as fierceness of the fight. AL the aide a certificate was les-lied...that ere Was. ;buried on Se,pbernberee0, 14, David 'M. Kay. (35•004), o,f the l'Ancers,.- "Well, pane, you won't have to complain of my getting any lower in the class after this." "I'm. glad of .that, Bobby„ very ginel.!' "Yes, it's stopped now, becanee to -day got quite to the very bottom." ..2.111••• GOVERNMENT DEBENTURES PROVOE OF ONTARIO Interest 1st April and October Due 1st October, 1919 Denomination of $1,000 Issued free from succession duties, Provincial and munici- pal taxes. These debentures are a direct obligation of tho entire Province of Ontario. At no period in recent times has it been possible for the investor to make purchases of Province of Ontario securities on such favorable terms. Prloe, par and maned intoraat to yield 5%. Orders may be telegraphed at our expense. A. E. AMES & coI Bankersi"ve,t,-"i Union Bank Buiitg, arot o Established th A99 a 11 g 11 w is st 10 in 11 a A Is te 11 co 01 fe 05 g bt el' to de bus er th th. • lo "Your daughter playa eottie very butt piecee." "She's a beau hi ts 'Parlor," growled 1IWombett• mei that loud music is to drown o sound <sI l'ier mother washing o 'dishes," 4, rip