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The Brussels Post, 1921-5-5, Page 3What Does Your Car Look Like From Beneath? What does the worm think of your PAT us he crawls under it and looks up at the mums collection of rods and bolts and other parts? Deaf the Worm chats. you as a careful fellow; who laoke after these things •seen only from below, er 'as a slovenly guy, who cares only for the outwncd ap- pearance of thine's? Do you really know what is down under there?-• If you have not :inspected it take a little time and look it over. You 'will need overalls and jumper, or old clothes, •because maybe your oar has d'rbpped oil and grease. If you have a creopee on which to lie -while making the journey underneath, so much the better. 'You oan make a creeper in an hour with four slats as long as you are ball, and a couple of cross pleoes on which are .fastened gond ball-bearing casters, You can doable up a coat or make a cushioned stead rest, Better pat on an old cap with the visor turned to the back to Ireep'dust and grease out of your hair, and perhaps goggles- to keep these things rut of your. eyes. But if you are titre of those fas- tidious fellows who do not like the feel of grease on their hands and a smudge on the nose- gives you a con- niption, better stay out from under and give the garage mechanic a job. Par it is going to be a dirty hour's work. Gloves will protect your hands, of 'co'urse. -You can expect to have gasaine, oil, grease ant dirt showered down on you, though perhaps your car is in such order that you will escape ail of these evils. Getting Ready to Explore. Before you go under it would be a good -thing to set the car up six or eight inches .on skids. You need an extension lamp, or .a flash light, and a squirt can of oil, a can of grease for the cups, and if you are finicky a knife to fill the cups and a gun to force in grease where there are no •cups and grease is used. And then, all the tool you have in your car and a Ica more 'If you can borrow them.. all lying within reach of your hand. •You are going to make a job of it. Then you need some waste or rags, and a little can of kerosene or kerosene 'and oil mixed; for cleaning. You are to clean everything in 'sight, It is to be assumed that the !UT has been washed off first to re - novo as much mud as possible. You rill hare to do the rest with the 'leaning rag;. Clean everything, and ie extra particular about every phare that is lubricated, Get the dirt out of the joints. Screw down the grease ;ups until you can see it o6a:ng out around and wipe off all the dirt and gum with it, and as you clean each part examine for signs of wear, Fedi- fated by play or lost motion, and for breakages. ,e - You will note that nearly every nut ander there has a cotter pin, or per- haps a piece of wire as a substitute. These should all be examined to sec' whether they are about to shear off end whether the pins are properly spread, so that they will not drop out from vebration, If the nets :have worked loose and cannot ,be drawn, up tight, put a lock washer under each, but do not expect this to take the place of the cotter pine. Examine the brake linkage very carefully for play or worn parts. These will usually show up readily when they are thor- oughly cleaned. Where to Begin. In doing this work ,begin at one end. of tho car and go through to the ether. It is not a 'bad idea to work 'way up under the engine, first re- moving the drip pan and laying that outside to bo cleaned before it is re- placed, While removing the drip pan eeamine it pretty carefully; you may and that missing cylinder or same other part down there, Lookingup where the drip pan was, you will see the 'base of the engine, the part hi which the oil is held which lubricates the moving parts. This is held to the rest of the engine by bolts, usually with castellated nuts and cot- ter pins to hold them tight. See if the cotter pins acro all in peace, if the nuts ate really tight. If they are not, oil will ©urely work mit from the gasket, not only causing wear, but' absenting the road Bast and making a Inas gene?•ally, Look over the oil learls for leakage or damage of any kid, See if the hese connections to the radiator are dripping .anti then look over every bolt and nut'withisi range ef your vision, including the fender bolts and Ant- idote board baits, While You ars clean- ing the fraise, see if there are any bends or create. As you work Back, if the clutch or transetiesien case is dripping oil, 'wipe it off and discover where the til is corning from. It may Mean a new gasket or merely tighten- ing `up the bolts that 'hold the thing together. If you can get some one. to manipulate ,the clutch lever you coat study its working from an un- usual point and may ,detect something about to go wrong ' while you are cleaning it, The universal joint is a place where there is sometimes a great deal of wear. Proper lubrication minimizes this; likewise keeping it clean holpe. Inspect this very carefully; see that the bolts aro all tight and that the nuts are properly held with cotter pins or wit& stiff Wire. Very often they are 'wired together, - Unless you can fill the universal with!grease better from above you •should ase the grease gun and, put In enough to fill the joint, er in •aocordarce with' the manufactur- er's inslruebioras. Aa at natter of fact, you should •have studied"'the manu- facturer's lubrication chart and in- strucbions before getting under the car at all, so that you know just which places to the lubricated and how the lubrication is done. You may find a brake drum on the transmission shaft. If so, this must be gene over and cleaned and exam- ined, with its linkage. Do not make the ,mistake of oiling the drum. or brake Hieing, because you need fric- tion rather than slipping in this place. Work back along the transmission shaft to the differential, cleaning as you go, everything as far' as you can Teach on'either side. A dripping of ail at the defferential indicates that something needs tightening unless the case is cracked: Toward the Rear. The axle housing and the inside of the brake drums and every other part which is to be seen from 'beneath eih uld be gone over very carefully, looking for wear, poor adjustment, broken parts, or other undue looseness of any 'kind. As fast as a part is cleaned it should be lubricated in accordance with instructions given in the manufacturer's. book. In fact, the man'ufacturer's instruction book should be the chart, compass, pilot and running lights for your voyage under the car. For you •can be sere that the .man who wrote it knew what he was writing about By following it you will know where to examine to see if the torque tube is loosening, that the radius rods, if there are any, are doing their work. After eine. over the mechanism, work over to each side of the car, where the bolts which fasten the body to the frame will be found; usually they will be in the channel of the frame. Every one of these must be kept tight to avoid the squeaks and rattles which come when there is play. Going over these is more or less tedi- ous, but it is very necessary and at is well to get lacquaiintedl with these things, since usually here is where you must look for the cause ef hhe noise which annoys. If there is a second universal, it needs the game inspection and care as the first, although in many of the recent models the roar universal is nothing more than two flanges with a piece of rubber or composition be- tween, It merely requires that the bolts .be kept properly tightened, You will probably emerge from the oar a good deal dirtier than you have ever been, but a good deal wiser as to the way things look down there, and the condition of the important parts which can be seen in no other way. Many campers • and hunters add greatly to the danger of forest fares by their carelessness. They are net asked to curtail their enjoyment of the forest, but just t0 exercise that care which they -always use when handling fire about their own prem. ises, q4,04 MOM° NEL unit( H I SWAT a0lk i THE PERIL TO WHITE AUSTRALIA This great coul1try has- rslx State capitals, and a proposed Federal capi- tal. All seven are south of the top line. Six are south of the middle lira. Five, including the prepcacd Federal capital. are south of the botton line, This is Australia's way of telling the world that the north and centre are quite unfit for a white man to live in, and are only suitable for brown or black settlement. And the black -brown world doesn't miss ' the point. • The Net Result. _ Steering by Sound. Iirassin Bolshevist envoyto Lon- Unusual Interest has been aroused by the working of the "radio" piloting ear, has huisied away to. etMconcerned justncable laid at the bottom of the Eng - os the theEr bablegSovin gst,nulus b - lash Cbannel leaclin to 'Po'tsnioutb. oval• probable Soviet. stimulus ire-. g hind the recently threatened general which enables fog -bound vessels to strike. There are many' indications steer an accurate course into the bar - that the English effort was anther of bor by uteaus of sound - the Lennie hopes. If sot it is a lost ""' `a"'e warcrr rs natio¢ tv•erity hope and a lost cause, miles long, is laid from the entrance Things haven't gone so well with to Portsmouth harbor to the Warner the Third Internationale as they Light on the Chaasiel side -of the Sale: night have. There was a time when of . Wight, It is beneath the exert Levine sat on the eastern horizon's course to be followed by vessels, and rim, a brooding menace to a civiliza- tion built up through patient centur- ies. Germany was almost his, Hun- gory he had far a time and in the whirling chaos of the old •and the new Balkans seemed opportunity made to his hand. He tried hard in Germany, and his best bid failed. In France there was never a chance against the land -loving peasant. Czeeho-Slovakia marked an- other failure. Hungary was lost with its whiskered little Bela Kun..Poland rallied and turned back the rolling Red menace. Came last September its "free" end is out at sea. The high-. frequency electric current in the cable emits a certain "nota" in Morse Calle. The navigating officer on board a shipwears a set of ordinary wireless telephone receivers, These are con-' netted to a battery, a set of "empll tiers" similar to those used in wireless telephony, and two coils, the latter be- ing hung over each side of the vessel,. above the waterline. When approaching the barber the • oMoer listens first through one coil and then through the other for the "note" of the guiding cable. It may conte to •him through the starboard and he made another vicious effort, coil; if so he knows his vessel Is to this time in Italy, where the extrema the left of the cable. Nationalists are now •blindly harrying As 'soon 'as he Bears the "note" Anarchist, Communist and Sodialist equally loud through bath port see'! alike. starboard coils, he knows that his ship England surely was a sort of a last is directly above the cable, and in the hope. English labor is about the correct channel. steadiest and sanest in the world, un- A similar cable has been laid In ono less the 'var changed it, Revolution of the channels of New York Harbor, never had a chance to have its fling and these are the only two in use at The World Aloft, The Titania, a tlyieg•bo•at destroyer, er aerial crutsor, is being perfected in i:nglaed. The new "shit' will be used in long distance patrols, having a range of 1,600 utiles. The motive pour is to be two 1,009 horsepower Cab tnotors, The plane will carry it crew of ten men, and in peace time could be devoted .to carrying fifty paseeegere. 4 * * The greatest subject of discussion to -day in aeronautical circles is the corning duel between sirplanee carry- ing bombs weighing from ane -Half to one ton anti useless German battle. Alps tuerled over to titin country, The Air Service. officers contend that one airplane eau deet oy with a single tomb the most modern, most thickly armored and roost. expensive dread- nought ever, turned out, 4'. That commercial wars in the air are coming is indieated by the fact that the airplane rate between Englund. and Frame, which a year ago was $75, has now been eat to $17,50. Eng- lish companies declare they can no •longer matte a profit on cross Channel flights, French companies are receiv- ing a subsidy. 4 4. 4 4 Reports from abroad indicate that four ail routes running out of Berlin have been established and are in op- eration. The longest of these are the Berlin -Dortmund and the Berlin - Koenigsberg routes,, each about 800 miles, The others are the Berlin - Bremen and the Berlin -Dresden lines, there, as it undoubtedly had in the present. Continental nations. The workers everywhere have definitely rejected the Moscow label. Ancient Bathtubs. The net result of three years of Sonic day somebody will write a his - menaces,. threats, propaganda and tory of the evolution of the bathtub.' actual violence is that Lenine and It Is certainly a very ancient institu-; Trotzky still hold Moscow. Russia, tion. In the ruins of the palace at for the mos tpart, is theirs to experi- Tiryns (which antedated Troy) has stent with; but the Duumvirs seem to been found a .much -damaged bathtub be getting a little weary. The fam- of terra-cotta, which had a plug in the , iliar breathings of world revolution bottom, to be removed after use, in sound a little hollow. They lack the order that the water might escape old frenzied zealotry. through a hole in the floor. During the Middle Ages bathing Fortunes Given Awa , does not seem to have been fashion -t y able; and in Europe at the present Some Inventors matte fortunes out time comparatively few houses, even: of their inventions, Due the majority of the better class, have bathrooms. of them, not being business men, do This is true of London to -day, here the ! not. portable tin tub with a jug of hot' Some y ago a workman in a fac- water usually serves the purposes of tory invented a new hind of glove- ablution. fastener—a Tito dozen • t 9 e metal hooks, ae The mailers bathroom, indeed, with; dr buttons, and a piece of card about its porcelain tub and other luxurious nix inches long. equipments, owes its development to 1 He thought so little of it that lie Americans. Within the present gen-1 parted with It for a dollar and a drink oration it has been evolved. to a fellow -workman. • The newest style of tub, devised by The latter patented ite then sold a a clever manufacturer cf plumbers' two-thirds. interest in his patent for supplies and designed especially for $20,000, with the further stipulation p hats, is provided at one end with a' that the purchaser should put $100,000 I ledge on which the bather may sit into a Eaclory for producing the fast- down while in the tub—half of the ' eller. The ciao workman is now al tub, that is to say, being twice as deep wealthy man. i as` the other half, and the total length Similarly, the man who first thought i being only fourty-four inches. Thus of putting a metal tag on the cud of a the tub occupies a minimum of space bootlace was only too glad to take • and, if anly the deeper part be filled $i00 far his idea. Moro than twice ! with water, the arrangement is cot - this sum rewarded the patentee of the venleut far a bath or for the bath - robber pencil -tete who bought the idea from the original inventor for $25, Ing af a child, Keep It Dark. England and. Wales together have Custoaner•--".flow can one telt the 400 special schools for the blind, 6 for imitation pearls from the real ones?"' the deaf and 245 far otherwise de- Sulesmau—"Ah, madam, you du not! fective oirildeen. • tell --you jest keep it to yourself," 4 4 * * Destruction of the power of Mad Mullah,' ruler' of Somaliland, Africa, an accomplishment the British author- ities have been working on for . the last thirty-four years, was finally ac- eompliehed in a .compaign of three weeks, it was announced recently. Two1 hundred air officers and men, with' eleven fighting planes, did the feat by aerial bombardments. 4 4 4 8 Edo Chaves, Brazilian aviator, re- cently flew from Rio Janiero, Brazil, to Buenos Aires, Argentina, in gess than five days- Flying a Curtiss Oriole with a K-6 motor, the pilot covered the 1,735 miles on his route in twenty hours and twenty -minutes. Several previous aerial efforts -to link the two capitals had failed. * e 4, 4 Airplanes of the Canadian Air Force during 1920 made 398 flights of a total mileage of 33,612 without a single death or sericite injury to the fliers. Flying operations did not begin until Late in August, but among the expliots carried out was an aerial trip from Halifax to Vancouver, * * * 4 A new adaption to the parachute has! been experimented upon by the United States Army Air Service. This con -t lists of carrying the parachute in the rear of the fuselage with certain spe- cial equipment. When accident makes; it necessary for the pilot to leave his plane in midair he simply pulls a lever.1 disconnecting himself and a section of the rear of the fuselage from the rest of the plane. 4 4 4 4 Lqrd Montagu of Beaulieu, one of the foremost aeronautical experts of I'singland, recently stated that one of, the chief drawbacks of commercial'. aviation is that at present only short' journeys are attempted, such as that' between London and Paris, where a saving of only three or four hours is possible, Air transport's greatest op -I portunity, he believes, will be int longer trips, :such as London to Italy,' Egypt, and eventually India. * * 4 To Canadians goes the distinction i of proposing one of the most novel uses ever conceived for an airplane. Winnipeg men are reported to be organizing an aerial irrigation cont-: pany. The aim is to cause rain by spraying liquid air in the clouds from: an airplane, thus causing the moisture; to condense. Recently dust was thrown'; from an .airplane on the clouds 5,000' feet high in an unsuccessful attempt! to cause rain in Pretoria, * * * 4 Figures recently submitted to the Royal Aeronautical Society indicate that the present cost of airplane transport is about 3e. 8d. per ton mile, as compared to 2%d. to 3d. per too utile by rail. The advantage of the airplane lies in its speed, a quality for which the public is always willing to pay. Canada has a greater area than the Unite:] States, but a population less than New York State, BR. COLUMBIA'S TIMBER SUPPLY MINISTER OF LANDS RE- VIEWS SITUATION, Enquiry As to Visible Supply and As to Best Methods Of Conservation. Writing lit a recent number ti f' the, t'auadiaa Foroitry Journal en the "Mainteuauce, of lief -deli Columbia's Foreets," the Sian. T. 1). Pattuilu, Mei-eller of Lands, sriy,e: Dow much merchantable timber have we? Tide question . 'io being milted today the world over. While 1 write, an Imuperial Forestry Confer - mice in London England, is trying to find the answer; so far•as the British Empire r concerned,. To the south of ars, State loorestera and tintbvr experts are seeping to pro- vide ('uugress with an answer to the sante question, as well as answers to further qui -aliens arising out of the leading query, There bus been oeneiderable con- troversy•in the various trade journals, boar as to stands of timber and the best methods of handling them econo- usically. One expert snakes an esti- mate, and another immediately pro- duces widely different figures. That the experts differ is not the important polut-that they are both making a genuine effort to arrive at a'falr esti- mate, is the vital fact. One of the good results of the war is that a general stocktaking of natur- al resources is going on, and it has been found that this ie particularly necessary In regard to timber. After four years of destruction, during which ordinary work was at a stand- still, the world is hungry for timber and its products. How long will our vigible supply of raw material last? Frankly, we do not know. Fortunate- ly, we are trying to find out, Reforestation Methods, It has been a habit for years past to think and speak of our limber re- sources as being unlimited, with the result that we have been mining in- stead of cropping it, as is done, for ht - stance, in Sweden, where every avail- able stick of timber is .utilized. The unlimited supply idea has depleted Wisconsin forests; has left very little timber in Michigan, and is rapidly de- pleting the stands of the Southern States. It is estimated that the original stand of 650 billion feet in the Southern States has been reduced to 139 billion feet. There IS no occasion for hysteria, but we, in British Columbia, must look facts calmly in the face and ley- our plans accordingly. We must, after careful survey, decide on the best methods of timber conservation. Much is beteg said these days of re- forestatian, and extensive experiments along this line are being made by some of the largo pulp and paper com- panies in Eastern Canada. Experts are not agreed that the hope for the future lies entirely . in reforesting. They seem inclined to the belief that it will prove rather as an assistance to the forest to reproduce naturally. In outer words, that natural reproduc' flan of the species native to. each lo- cality is the goal to be aimed at, but that, where necessary, nature should be helped oue by artificial means. In natural reproduction and rapid growth, the coast of British Columbia is peculiarly fortunate, thanks to her moist Militate and mild winter. It is estimated that we have 9",000 square miles of productive forest !a n d and that an most of that area, young tine bee is growing efior previous destruc- tion of the camp by fire and logging. While it le true that much of this young forest is at seine distance from present means of operation, by the time it has reached maturity, dis- tances will have been shortened, year by year. The important paint Is that the timber is there, while It is equally important that it should remain these. Tree -Felling Machine. A tree -telling machine invented in England consists of a saw that Le a continuation of the piston rod of a steam cyliuder, the steam being sup- plied through hose from a portable boiler. .-- Ideas are not the Drod:urt of thought; they are flashes of light from the unknown: -Holbrook jack - son. II DON'T kN01,4 BUT 1 `fh1o414 A coW GtVes AsouT ElG1ii OR. 'TEO k,gUAlITs A PAY REGLAR FELLEIRS—By Gene Byrnes j -i-s 'Those 'FoNt-N -rtidN6s tHA� .5'11Ct45 OtFt Or -THE COWS HEAD? ICE -BOUND COASTS OF LARRS',',$1O.R LITTLE-KNOWN LAND C: RICH POSSIBILITIES. World -Wide Paper Shortage Has Led Capitalists to Con. aider Its Forest Belt. Iia territories farther email, cansirlor- ing theutselvea more greiutly favored climatically, Labrador, when 'thought of, a epeels as a Never, Never Land of (Meuse frigidity, blizzards arbdd .other tuildeaee t. features of a land lying much ?ortlter north, and close ht upon the Arcbtc cirsle, 'l'hls vast, almost unknown etretclt l f Atlantic slime, f tivbtc.. little is a t e la, 0 t known heyond'the bare name; sug- gests Eskimos, reindeer transport, hr- trepid inlseionaries, and outer phases af an eetstence caminon` to a hinter- land renrrte front a gentler civilize, tion --but little else. Yat Canada and Newfoundland, both terrltanlcs of large undeveloped tracts rued twee - Welted resources, have for.yetrs had a good-natured dispute as to what- ex - featly constitutes Labrador and where the border line between Mend the pre- vinee of Quebec ,should Orme. It is not the mere desire on either luted for the acquisition of territory, but would suggest some intrtne1c worth in these thousands cf miles of Atlantic coast about which so little is known, Tha Labrador meat stretehes along the Atlantic from aha Strut of Belle Isla across from the island of New- foundland, to Ungava ibay, and .pro- iects inland for au indefinite distance, this being the point under' dispute: Labrador was annexed to Newfound- land in 1783. Ten years later, awing to difficulties aristug out of grants made to a number ct persons under the French rule, it was Misused to Canadian jurisdiction. In 1808, it was again transferred to .Newfoundland, and has since been attached to that Dominion. Rich in Natural Resources. it has long been. known that Labaa.- dor is rich in many natural resources, with a wealth of valuable water power capable of enormous deeeloprneut, Practically no exploitation has talion place of the hidden treasures at this large tract, almost the sole. aura of revenue et the ;population being the cod fisheries off the shore, which would suggest itself first as the easi- est manner of livelihood. Little atten- tion was paid to the region in other respects until comparatively recently. The worldwide paper shortage sent ' manufacturers of the product seareh- ing into every nook and cranny for new supplies of raw material for the mills, and not until then was neglected Labrador considered worthy cf regard. Sn.rveys were instituted tend these dis- closed immense resources of thnber suitable far paper manufacture. This resulted in applications by promoters to the Newfoundland gavorrment for timber limits, and the question of how numb of this potential wealth belong - 1 ad to Canada came up again, and the settlement of the boundary question became it matter of greater moment. It has been proved by surveys that all of Southern Labrador to 54 degrees South latitude, is a subarctic forest belt consisting of nino varieties of trees. In latitude 55, more than half the country is treeless, but as far north as 58, valleys and lake edges are wooded. Black spruce constitutes 90 per cent. of the trees and next to Lexie tt the more hardy L ar Americana. . cana. Labrador's need in development, as cording to Dr. Wilfrid Grenfell, the best authority on that region, is soma wage-earning industry such as pulp and paper snaking would afford. Tlits, in view of the recent interest in bre territory consequent upon a universal paper shortage, he is confident of see- ing establisdred within a short time, "Manufacturers have a precedent to go by in the establishment of mills in Newfauudlend by Lord Northcliffe to supply the paper for his Engltsh jour- nals, Big Fees for Doctors. • It is not lawyers only whose pro- feasionad feed have sometimes run in- to five flg'urite Lect2rrs have often com- manded very high rates indeed. For a journey to St. Petersburg, as it then was. to vaccinate the Empress Catherine ii„ Dr, Dfsnadale received 950,000, an annuity of 92,500, and a Russian barony, and in later times a Czar once paid 970,000 to Professor Zacbarine, of Moscow, for two dare attendance, An English Army surgeon was re- wardied by a fee of $50,000 for doctor - leg the Newel) of Rarepur during an attack of rheumatism. Dr. Keyes, an American physician, received, a cheque for 960,000 for a pleasant yachting trip its medical attendant to one of tate Vanderbills, anti Dr, James Gale, the blind medical electrician, was paid 12,50,sks' snare ,.Rtl treatnu000e.ntfar a of a mliltanaireewwee'a Ing - "Tommy" Talks Bach. In bcr bank, "Woman's Watch on the Ith'ne," illiee Violet A'rurkltam, the n,-Il-hnmvn palitheil and e.urlal work• ra, tell; or a fanny 1.01 ;tl triad*- by a 1 (tier to an tnaiprant (;er01:1(1 baron• who- coil iricre,l iltat be wa+ bt'li:rv- ,pg fee made- i11 (1,0x. bitrrmvttt. he wL1, 'batt you ;.Ir, ta,1 don-, wen the star. ;uta then y' a „•,:: l Lace rorn. mai :-lel rtait•n aur trot 1: at.i.r., an+1 w111,14,. "