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The Brussels Post, 1920-4-22, Page 3CONDUCTED BY PROF. HENRY G. BELL The object of this department Is to place at the ser. vine of our farm readers the advice of an acknowledged authority on all subjects pertaining to Dolls and trope. Address all questions to Professor Henry G, Boll, In care of The Wilson Publishing Company, Limited, Toron• to, and answers will appear In this column in the order In which they aro received. When writing kindly men. tion this paper, As space Is limited it Is advisable where Immediate reply is necessary that a stamped and ed. dressed envelope be enclosed with the question, when Vie answer will be mailed direct, Reader:—Labor conditions last fall prevented me from putting lime on my wheat ground. Would it be peace tieal to put lime on this spring, and if sio in what •.form, .hydrated .or ground limestone rock? Answer:—Limo can be applied to the ground nt any time during the sensor when the crops are not grow- ing. It will not Injure your wheat in the least to broadcast line on top of it as soon as the ground is dry enough to drive on in spring. Apply either hydrated line or ground limestone. If your soil is a heavy clay, hydrated lime will tenil to draw the particles together so that it wild help the mechanical condition of the soil if you apply lime in that form. If, however, it is an ordinary loam or sandy soil t would strongly advise applying ground limestone. Either one corrects soil sourness, but hydrat- ed or burnt lime has the additional reaction on the mechanical structure or clay soil. 1,t'. have about three hun- deed rods of fence to build and would like :n l:oow hew to treat the poste so they would not decay so ryniekly. Aaswer:--There is a creosote trecitd meal for fence poelc; which acts as a presertatite. 1 du not Race the exact proportions, but undoubtedly hard- ware or paiht firms who sell creosote material w it hate the e:,ant mixture. R. 11.:—Corn :'mut was more severe last ;rue than we had ever noticed it before. ti hat seed treatment can you recommend? I want to prevent this lass nest year. Anewee: - Ni, etc emeriti treatment for cent -rout hoe been developed as yet. Rui:a; on of mops, good manur- ing and choice of strong vital seed are thio ustiy methods of reducing the lots Irmo this disease as far as I kr:ue.- P,. El.:—Aly potatoes show brown, brut -tike flecks in the flesh and the tubers turn black in cooking. What caus,0 this and are they safe for feed? Answer:—From your description 1 cannot exactly determine what dis- ease is et-reel:Mg your tubers since it may be one of two or three things, or it tatty be due to freezing, which has #hc effect of turning the inner part of the potato tuber black. By all means 1 would advise you to avoid using these potatoes for seed, Labor is costly and preparation of land is going to be high, therefore obtain seed which you lcnow is good, so that your potato crop will have every chance to snake a profit this year. R. W.: --its caustic lime the same as hydrated lime, and will they answer the same purpose? Answer:—Caustic !line is the sante as hydrated lime, both being the hydrate of calcium. Hydrated lime serves the sante purpose as quick lime in the preparation of Bordeaux mixture. Of course, do not use hy- drated lime which has been for a long time open to the air, for the hydratewill have changed to the carbonate, which is not sufficiently active. J. F.:—We have some dry sandy land that has been cropped until the itunius is nearly used up and it is difficult to get clover started and we are thinking of growing some crop to plow under to produce humus. What would you advise trying, blue- grass, or what we usually caul June grass? Would you think it a serious matter to kill tt when preparing land ler other crops? What would be best to sow? Ansa em—Bluegrass or June grass makes a thick sod, but takes consid- erable time to accumulate much humus. Why not sped your sandy soil to sweet clover if you want to add humus? . This makes very rapid and extensive growth. To prepare your sandy soil for it, apply about J00 lbs, c,f Nine to the acre as soon as spring opens. Work this into the soil well by harrowing so that the ground will be sweetened. Then, at the time of seeding, apply about 300 lbs. to the acre of a fertilizer analye.- ing 3 to 4 per cent. ammonia, 8 to 10 per cent. phosphoric acid, This should give your crop a rapid, firm start. When it has become established be careful to cut the clover early if you wish to use it for hay, otherwise it will become vary woody. The sweet clover makes an extensive root growth which should add considerable humus to the soil. If you are anxious to use this soil for the growing of other Drops two years hence, plow under the sweet clover when it has made a good growth, but be sure to work it thoroughly into the soil. The Farmer's Most Valuable Asset: His Boys aril Girls It is linea fur mire .farmers to awaken to tine fact that farntd, like some et the industrial corporations, have two k nd; of stork—the "pre- ferred" and the "eennuon." The owner of the farm may so manage the busi- ness that dividends on 'preferred" stock --the good things of life that add to the comfort and happiness of his family—are reasonably certain. But there is no known system of farm 1 management that will make "com- mon" stock dividends absolutely cer- tain. A severe storm may ruin the crops, or disease destroy the animals before they are ready Inc market. If our farms pay only pre kind of divi- dends let us make sure of some of the good things of life that we ought to be cashing in a5 we go along. The far-nt is not altwayS a failure• if it fails to pay bilge dividends on its "com- mon' stock. It somehow appears that farmers, in some instances, need to be imprc'ared with a spirit that considers the "preferred" stock dividends --the ferr>•ily eonfert and happiness --more than mere (toilers. The firms do not pay now and probably never will pay so largo dividends from a money standard as some other kinds of.busi- ewe. Their strong attraction is for people who appreciate things other than money. One of the first duties of parents is to instill a love of these other good tunings of life into the subtle mind of 'boys and girls rather than holding up the dollar as the standard of life. The finest young animals in the world are the boys and girls, and it is interesting to watch their develop- ment. When we consider some of the fine things clone by boys and girls in the club way • of growing crops and calves and pige when under proper guidance, naturally the thought is suggested that their interest in farm life would be mora permanent if they could have tho kindly counsel of par- ents. If given encouragement to de- velop along the right Bines and put their personality into the little things of farm life the chances aro ten to one that they would not' think Ed leaving the farm, Boys and girls do nal always desert the farm and go to cities and towns because the social life and advantages in thd•doun- try are not suffedently varied and interesting, In too many instances their parents are so !busily engaged in endeavoring to make the "common" stock of the farm pay dividends that they overlook entirely the "preferred" stock. It is probably due to this fact more than all others that the major- ity of desertions from the farm result. While many writers have told us how to feed, train and develop colts, calves, pigs and lambs, and to care for our fields, it would be very inter- esting, indeed, if some of our practi- cal laymen friends would write attd tell us .how they have managed to keep their• boys incl girls on the farm. Some live articles that would appeal to the high-spirited, red-blooded boys and girls from eighteen to twenty-one years of age, who !mow values and are capable of putting such knowl- edge into practical, every -day use. It is easy to secure wishy-washy stories of how Johnny and Sally have been given runt calves and pigs, and who g, 1 think that life on the farm is a most wonderful adventure when they get $3,47 of the proceeds when the animal is sold. Wo know of: a few good farm- ers whose families feel that they have 1111 interest in the cow or brood sow regardless of who may have owned the calf or pig. We want to hear from farmers who understand boys and girls, and who have entered into partnership and mutual sympathy with their. We believe that many farmers who refuse to take their boys into some hind of partnership or mutually satis- factory (business relationship as soon as the boys are eapa!blo of doing a man's work on the farm deserve mighty little sympathy if the boys de- sert the farm as soon as they reedit their majority. In many instances the relations between father and son !be- come strained about the time the boy reaches an age when he begins to think and reason for himself, especial- ly if he has ideas and opinions which he is not afraid to express, To be treated as a mammon laborer, con- stantly nagged, his opinions ridiculed and given no share in the profits of tho business hurts his feelings. keel red-bioodtd ,boys will not endure such treatment; it is brutal, unfair and short-sighted from a business point of view. It is certainly a great thing when the father can take his sats •into part- nership with !lien and they remain friends and emtfidants, and when the ,_ Are You Giving All Your Profits To Your Help? In the past many farmers have been less well-off than their hired help. Such a. condition is unbear- able and can only be overcome by modern methods — reduction of labor and increased production. The dairy end of your farm can be made to pay much bigger profits if you install `idle Maranhao/ ilachine �@99ker THE COWS ADOPTED CHILD It milks thoroughly and naturally and la far more pleasing to the cow than the old hand method. Moreover by the Macartney way. one men can milk from 20 to 24 cows In an hour. Think of the raving in labor. Still Rather—the Macartney immure theaow of milk and prolongs the lacta- tion period. Get Particulars Now Don't buy a maker till you have seen the Mao. urtney—theslmplest and most modern of ell— and even if you are not ready to buy, get parti- culars now and learn what other farmera gay about the Macartney. Fla in the coupon and mall it to -day. The Macurtney MlI kIn5 Machine .1 (:o. Limited 006 St. Catherine St. - Ottawa Please send me AU information aboet the Macartney Miihor. Name Addrars._._. The Macartney Milking Machine Company Limited 316 CATHERINE ST. - OTrAwA Dept. 1 hare- ..... „•.,•-Cows (8.0) 's• 0.6 r,. • Iteatet fey <SPt tT J Successful Since 1856 It is easy to make claims for seeds—it is another thing to be able to substantiate them. We are emphatically able to make our claims good be- cause our record for "seeds that grow" has gone unbroken for 64 years. For seeds, bulbs, plants of all kinds, trust Simmers' goods. THEY GROW! trete, ear on r handsome new.sgao Coeaforae Today. .9- A. Suntera ' ir'' int Inoculate Your Seed for Better Crops 1t requir ea but et feed vitn ulea to ino- culate the aceta. Inoculation consists in applying to the Seed pure cultures of the nitro -gathering Bacteria. Special cultures are required for each kind of Seed, and are put up for Alfalfa, Iced Clover Sweet Clover, Peas, Alsike Clover, and all other legumes. SEED INOCULATION I5 ENDORSED BY THE PROVINCIAL DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Splendid atisesas has been obtained by gov- ernment testa, and It recent circular isuuad nays: for tho email amount involved . in time and money it would seem advlolble to inoculate all legumes. PRICE. 11.00 EACH CULTURE, Enough for One Beebe! of Seed. Cutturoa are Hent by mail with -.°omelet° direetlonu for their use. They am good for 6 months after they aro made. Alfalfa and Clover from inoculated need do not winter - kill readily. Write for Circular. 'MONEY RACK IF YOU' NAIL TO GET A GOOD CATCH." I4CUL4TEe a.4 elrn nuaoocn91.EGUME oscrsr,0 n rr,ocutaow reo ' ALDIE" URDOCIILAEORA7OD.Y GUELPH, ONT. IN EVERY eemea E Spohn''sDistemper Compound lo the Doti indispensable remedy for contagious and Infec- thous diseases among horses and mules. Its success as a preventive and cure for DISTEMPER, 8XNIC EYE, 000T REI and OOLbs for 'novo than twenty-six years id the highest tribute to its merit as a medicine. It is en-. domed by the best horsemen and live stock mon to Amer.' leu, P.uy It of your druggist. /6NORIN 11sED80.6.L 000EPANY> Goshen, Ina„ II.S.A. son can tell hiss father his hopes, fears, plans and ambitions without fear of harsh reproval or unjust criti- cism. Some farmers are too proud to admit, even to their boys, that they have not made a, success of their ,husiness, Naturally the boys think they are being treated unfairly when their father is practicing economy which to thein savors of stinginess. If the father has not made his 'farm pay well, the boys will frequently grasp the situation quickly, respect the father the more for his toil and his sacrifices, and together they face the problem, Interest and helpful co-operation between father and sons is only possible when, there is com- plete confidence. Tell your 'boy about your business, make 'him the best pro- position you can afford to make him, and then if you fail to enlist his co- operation it will not have been your fault. Deep Tiles Are Not Efficient. Drains should not bo placed too far below the ,surface of the ground. Common observation shows this in connection with tile drains intended to remove surplus water from house or barn cellars. Ordinarily these drains must 'be laid comparatively deep—about foto' or five feet below die mime of the .ground. With aitch deep drains water may stand on the surface above them for a long thne after a rails:. This fact has been pointed out as an indication that tile drainage in the open fields may not be effective in removing surplus water from the soil; bent such a conclusion is wrong. In fact, it is pointed out, this obser- vation should teach a very practical lesson in the proper method of install- ing field drainage; that is, that drains should not bo piueed too far below the surface. Of course, the proper depth will vary with soil conditions, the kind of tile, and the source of the water, but in nearly all regions four feet will be the proper depth, Pruning Small Fruits. When you prune raspberries and blackberries, cut out all canes that fruited last season (should have been done last falI); also all winter -killed Cane5, Shorten remaining canes to three or four feet, and cut off at least a third of each long side -shoot. Enke up and burn all 'brush promptly, and thus get rid of many insect pests and disease germs. Cut .back oneethird or more of the length of last year's growth on cur- rants and gooseberries, and cut out surplus or unthrifty shoots entirely. Very old shoots are 'likely to be in- fested with borers, and should grndu- ally be replaoed with younger growth, Slots cut part way through the blade facilitate the work of a new hoe for mixing mortar and cement, 1+ist^'e3HELEN L N r G' 1`• Addressall communications. for this department to Mrs. Helen Law, 235 Woodbine AVE,., Toronto. N. Y. 11.; That :s a perfectly splen- other book belonging, to Set 1. This did ambition of yours to improve wail be Vol. 2. This will enable club your spare time reading some good members to keep the: sets together. hooks. As you say, one has to lay 011 a piece of paper, pasted on the out a program for herself, for it ,is first inside cover, write the names of not enough to say in a general way: "Now I will improve my mind and do some reading." We must set our- selves to certain tasks, plan a definite amount of "work" for a definite per- iod of time. A friend of mine read one good, improving book every two weeks, but I have in mind a better plan than that. It is simply this: to forma "book club." About fifteen mins should get to- gether. You can "organize" as muoh or as little as you like. Then you can buy thirty books so each one has two at a time to read. These are passed around in rotation, and two weeks allowed for each one to' read the two books, You can, if you wish, confine yourself to novels, but more varied reading is better. Then at the end of the year you can auction the books off at one of your homes, and make the affair a kind of social function. Thus for the price of two books each will have read thirty. Cover the books neatly with stout brown paper. Divide the thirty books in sets of two, one to be fiction, the other something serious. Then label them Set 1, Set 2, and so forth up to Set 15. Put the name of the book on the paper cover and for the first set write: "Set 1, Vol, 1," and on the salve book write the name of the the club members, their addresses and the dates when they should change hooka. If you start, say, April fifteenth, the date of changing would be May first, and so on through fifteen weeks. Arrange the names so Mrs. Jones, for instance, pasees her books to Mrs. Smith, her nearest neighbor, When you start, you at'bitrarily assign two hooks to certain people. Two or three of you will have to do most of this work. If any further information is desired, do not hesitate to write again. 'S. T.: Welcome to the column. Your kind words are much appreciated. 1. When spending the evening at the home of a friend, it is the woman guest, not the man, who suggests go- ing home. 2. Thero ar6 various ex- cuses that you might make. If not already engaged for that dance, you might say that you wished to have a little chat with someone whom you notice is sitting it out. The hostess is always a refuge in cases of this kind. Or you might have a previous understanding with a friend Who would come to the rescue at the criti- cal moment. 3. Yes, an int' Cation to dance is a courtesy and should be so acknowledged Merely to say you have enjoyed it, is sufficient. Weights for Barn Use. Frequently you may wish to use a given weight of this, that or the other feed and have no scales at hand to weigh it, If you have a quart maA- sure handy, you can use it to measure out the required weight. The quart weight at various feeds is as follows: Cottonseed meal Linseed -meal, old process Gluten -meal • Gluten feed Wheat bran, coarse ... Wheat middling, coarse Wheat middling, fine 11 lbs. Mixed wheat feed 6 lbs. Cornmeal 15 lbs. Oats • 12 lbs. Rye bran 8 lbs, 1.5 lbs. creases with age. It is due princi- 1.11bs. pally to poor school room lighting 1 -lave Good Lighting Systems. To neglect providing a suitable lighting system for the home is a great mistake. The man who will not spend money for this purpose will likely have to spend more in correct- ing his children's eyes. Short-sightedness in school children is a very common defect which in - 12 lbs. a child reads by a poor light there is and to poor lights in the home. When ...5 lbs. a tendency to hold the boot: near the 8 lbs. eyes and near-sightedness is the re- sult. When so much money is being spent for all kinds of fame machinery, bet- ter live stock, good seed and other im- provements, conditions in the hone should not be forgotten. Every farm- er should put in a good lighting sys- tem along with the other modern con - Scour off all the dead bark on the fruit trees which besides looking un- sightly, is a harbor for a great variety of insects and affords numerous crev- ices for water to stand in. Soft soap and water is an excellent wash for trees,. _ . OBEDIENCE The question of obedienee to the lave of the home, and to the come munity, confronts each individual. Some pass it lightly by, giving it little thought, and less observance, but not so the thoughtful parent or teacher to whom the care of children is entrusted, Obedience should underly the life of each of us; it is essential to hap- piness. Only as we learn to listen and obey are we fitted to take our rightful place in society. We must obey the laws of nature if we would be healthy, the laws of home and community if we would be worthy members of each group, and above all, there must he obedience to the moral law. Since obedience is such an impor- tant factor in each life, how can we best teach it to the child without de- stroying his individuality? Many mothers admit their inability to obtain obedience, and teachers are often asked, "How do you nrnice him obey, he does not mind me at all?" A dreadful confession, but slime it is made, let us try to help these mothers. First, let us asic a few questions: 1—Do you govern your child by love or by fear? 2—Are you honest with him? 3—Aro your demands reasonable and do you explain why you make certain requirements? 4—Do you talk indiscreetly before your child and admit your inability to control him?? 5—Do you require prompt obedience or do you tolerate disabedienee and belated performance of duty? These questions are ab involved in obedience. In dealing with children we should give the yeast ns for ou • r conduct, if possible. Of course there are some things which cannot be explained and we should frankly admit it; there are others which we cannot explain to young childre;t and we should prom- ise to do so when they are older. A spiritual question arose ane day in a Sunday School class which was rather complex to explain to little children. The teacher left the prob- lem and asked these questions: "How did God make the great oak tree come out of a tiny acorn? Do you see how He did it? Did He really do it?" There was no doubt about the let- ter, for the children had often pulled up the tiny oaks and found the acorn from which the rout and tree had sprouted. "Well," said the teacher, "there are some things we know are true, but we can't explain thein, can we?" A few Sundays later another prob- lem arose in one of the hymns. The teacher made the best explanation possible, then added, "Some things venienees for the welfare and bappi- are hard to explain, aren't they?" Hess ofe the whale fancily. Lighting systems that are worth while can be secured for a moderate cost. Nobody can afford to neglect this matter. INTERNATIONAL LESSON, APRIL 25. Ruth's Wise Choice, Ruth 1. Golden Text, Ruth 1: 16. 1-3. The name Bethlehem signifies "house of bread," but for once its supply of food had failed. From the neighboring hills the people could look eastward over the great barren and rugged valley in which the Dead Sea lies, to the mountains ce Moab, which rose like an immense wall be- yond. The district about Bethlehem, in the country of the tribe of Judah, was called ".Ephrath," hence the name Ephrathites. This was the hone of the ancestors of David, and the place where David was born. The family of Elime cle'h remained some time in Moab, in all about ton years. The Moabites were near kins- folk of the people of Israel and spoke a language closely similar,.so that for the Hebrew immigrants comnumlra- tion with thein would not be difficult. It was natural, therefore, that the exiled Hebrews, while not forgetting their owuo God, should look with toler- ance upon the religion of Moab, and even share in its worship. In this, of course, lay the very great danger that in time they might forsake their own God entirely, and might sink to the level of the Moabite religion, Naomi, bereft of her 'husband and her sons, proposed to return to her own country and to leave her two daughters-in-law with their own peo- ple. But they were attached to her by es sincere and warm affeotton and were unwilling to leave her, If they had had sons of their own they would probably have stayed, and a seeond marriage for them would, possibly, not have been thought of. But it was regarded as a great calamity, in those (lays, that a widow should be left childless, end an ancient Hebrew law, known as the Levirate late, provided Hetet in such a case a 'brother, or where thero'was no brother, the near- est kinsman, should talcs the widow in marriage, and that the first .son of that marriage should be regarded as the son of the dead man, inheriting his name and his property. Naomi tolls her weeping daughters-in-law Smilingly one little girl looked up and remarked, "Just like the acorn and the tree; we can't tell how God did it, but we know it is tram" In this way questioning obedience will, if properly and lovingly dealt that she has no more sons to gives with, become confident, trustful For the Levirate law, see ,Deut. 25: obedience. 5-10. Obedience is nabjectien to rightful 14-15. Is Gone Back Unto IIer Pee- centrol at all times and in all places. pie and Unto Her God. Leaving her Yet many parents are satisfied with country would have meant for Orpah only occasional obedience. One day n mother expects i what it meant for Ruth, leaving the immediate response sanctuaries and the service of her to her request, while a little later she god. The sacrifice is too great and waits indefinitely for he snce. At she turns back. Not so Ruth, whose still another time, if she is busy at great decision is now made, Naomi shute household duty or neighborly sincerely desires the welfare of both., conversation, she peens? • forgets bar but site knows what the choice in - under ieoist happens? The child de- volves., and is unwilling to take them under such conditions proceeds to his with her unless the choice is sincere, tide matters for himself, and iris whole -hearted, and irrevooablo. Such motto becomes, With mother, obey experiences are not uncommon upon heti it is convenient' Such child our modern mission fields, where the soon deruorelizes the children of the decision to follow Christ often means whole neighborhood. parting from kindred and from f Last but of perhaps greatest con - friends. tecrn to parents is -the advice to settle i with disobedience at the time; tally 18-17. Whither Thou Gime!: 1 Will to -clay's books to -day, unless some act Go. The shnple eloquence of a warm., requires a future opportunity for cor- a true, and a loving heart is poured � rection. Just here let ne old one out in this declaration of Ruth's re- more word on this important subject. solve. NO doubt Ruth had learned not i Study • your child and his llier• dis Da only to know and to love Naomi, but p ' also to know somethingof Naomis ! suit your corrections to trim, and to God, who seems to her better by far the particular aet in of IIInab. p the god questhion. A eer- t}tat tain punishment may emit one child r � i 6 1 18-10. All the City Was Moved, and work ruin in the lips of another. The picture is drawn true to life, InI Perhaps the thought contained in such a comparatively small comrnun- wile following verses by anr unknown writer may help the mother to see her ity, where every one was known to life work it little more clearly: every one else, the return of Naomi, who had suffered such great sorrows, and of Ruth, her Moabite daughter- in-law with her, would certainly have created a sensation,. Her old friends are not morale curious, but kindly and sympathetic. They said, Is this Na- omi? for they found her greatly changed. 20-21. Mara means "bitter " Na - "I tools a piece of plastic clay And idly fashioned it one day-, And as toy 'fingers pressed it still, It moved and yielded at my will. I carte again when days were past, The bit of clay was hard at last, The form I gave it still it bore, But I could change that farm no amore, omi, however, means "my sweet,or I took a piece of living clay, pleasant one." Naomi regards all her And gently formed it day by. day, troubles ice having seams from - the And A younmolded with my power Dna art hand. of the Lord. It was difficult Ibm hg earchild's soft and yielding t the people of that early time, so tong X Dame alrai.n when days were galla! before Christ, to .believe that God's It was a halts I loolced upon; goodness and love might .be as clearly He still that early impress bore manifest in trouble as in joy. Bather And 1 could change it never more: it seemed to them that adversity and •.-•-,-.,, bereavement were evidences of His r thefriends anger. So f ends of ,Tab regarded The Leaders. the sufferings of Job as proof of his There are lenders in all stationer guilt, and as a punishment inflicted In all trades and occupations; upon himby God, It remained for Leaders great and leaders stmill, Jesus Christ to cast a great new light But lite farmer leads 'them all; upon the meaning of entering, and Fee ;Che. Sarnier leads the feeders! to maks it possible to say, "Whoitr iurthciiiiore, he feeds the leaders. the Lord ioveth He chasteneth." "e:--'-` 22. In the Beginning of. Barley Dslnhifg:troughs should be ;voted* ed. When left open, fowls are apt tet get in the water and pollute it. Harvest, That would be •sometime In April, Harvest, in Palestine, begins about ',aster time, and continues for six or seven weeks, eny thrift stamps,